| human babesiosis in taiwan: asymptomatic infection with a babesia microti-like organism in a taiwanese woman. | an asymptomatic babesia infection was confirmed by laboratory diagnoses. the intraerythrocytic protozoan (designed tw1) isolated from a 51-year-old taiwanese woman appeared to be morphologically consistent with small-form piroplasm, and measurements indicated that it had a body size of 1.5 to 2.5 microm in diameter. the typical features of ring, binary, and tetrad forms were observed in giemsa-stained thin blood smears. a persistent and low-grade parasitemia was established after hamster inocula ... | 1997 | 9003614 |
| detection of a new pathogenic babesia microti-like species in dogs. | small babesiae in dogs are generally considered to belong to babesia gibsoni. here we describe the genotypic characterisation of small piroplasms found in the blood of a dog which suffered from clinical babesiosis. pairwise identities as well as distance, parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of the 18s rdna clearly demonstrated that this isolate was only distantly related to the other canine piroplasms characterised genetically so far, including b. gibsoni. it was more closely related to b. ... | 2000 | 10760414 |
| transfusion-acquired, autochthonous human babesiosis in japan: isolation of babesia microti-like parasites with hu-rbc-scid mice. | we have isolated piroplasms from a patient who developed the first case of human babesiosis in japan by using nod/shi-scid mice whose circulating erythrocytes (rbcs) had been replaced with human rbcs (hu-rbc-scid mice). following inoculation of the patient's blood specimen into hu-rbc-scid mice, parasites proliferated within the human rbcs in the mice, resulting in a high level of parasitemia. parasite dna was prepared from blood samples of the patient and the mice, and the nuclear small-subunit ... | 2000 | 11101588 |
| human babesiosis in japan: isolation of babesia microti-like parasites from an asymptomatic transfusion donor and from a rodent from an area where babesiosis is endemic. | to determine the source of infection for the japanese index case of human babesiosis, we analyzed blood samples from an asymptomatic individual whose blood had been transfused into the patient. in addition, we surveyed rodents collected from near the donor's residence. examination by microscopy and pcr failed to detect the parasite in the donor's blood obtained 8 months after the donation of the blood that was transfused. however, we were able to isolate babesia parasites by inoculating the bloo ... | 2001 | 11376054 |
| infection of dogs in north-west spain with a babesia microti-like agent. | during 1996 a small, ring-shaped, piroplasm was observed in blood smears from 157 dogs in north-west spain. none of them had previously been in areas endemic for babesia gibsoni, which was until recently the only small piroplasm known to parasitise dogs. haematological and serum biochemistry analyses showed that almost all the dogs had an intense regenerative haemolytic anaemia and that in some cases there was evidence of renal failure. a molecular study was made of a sample of the parasite obta ... | 2001 | 11720208 |
| human babesiosis in japan: epizootiologic survey of rodent reservoir and isolation of new type of babesia microti-like parasite. | we have carried out epizootiologic surveys at various sites in japan to investigate wild animals that serve as reservoirs for the agents of human babesiosis in the country. small mammals comprising six species, apodemus speciosus, apodemus argenteus, clethrionomys rufocanus, eothenomys smithii, crocidura dsinezumi, and sorex unguiculatus, were trapped at various places, including hokkaido, chiba, shiga, hyogo, shimane, and tokushima prefectures. animals harboring babesia microti-like parasites w ... | 2001 | 11724838 |
| detection of babesia microti-like parasite in filter paper-absorbed blood of wild rodents. | the first case of human babesiosis was reported in japan. the epidemiology of this disease in japanese nature remains unclear. in this study, 97 common field mice captured in hokkaido, japan, were examined. blood specimens absorbed onto filter papers were eluted and tested by nested pcr using specific primers for the b. microti nuclear small subunit rrna genome. twenty-three percent (11/47) of apodemus speciosus and four percent (2/50) of clethrionomys rufocanus were positive. the 159-bp primary ... | 2002 | 11913551 |
| natural infection by a babesia microti-like piroplasm in a splenectomised dog. | | 2002 | 11936413 |
| retrospective seroepidemiological survey for human babesiosis in an area in japan where a tick-borne disease is endemic. | a total of 1,335 archived human sera collected in 1985 from an area in japan where a tick-borne disease is endemic were examined by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat) to estimate seroprevalence against three serologically distinct types of babesia microti-like parasites; namely, hobetsu, kobe, and u.s. types. eighteen sera (1.3%) were found to be ifat-positive (titer 1:100-1:6,400), of which 14 and three were ascertained by western blot analysis to be positive against the hobetsu a ... | 2003 | 12679563 |
| case-control study of canine infection by a newly recognised babesia microti-like piroplasm. | we did a case-control study to identify risk factors for prevalent infection of dogs by a newly recognised babesia microti-like piroplasm. clinical manifestations and haematology of infected dogs also were described. forty-three laboratory-based cases and 86 individually matched controls were studied. information on clinical signs and on risk factors was collected by a questionnaire and telephone interviews. haematology was carried out for all the dogs. variables were screened in a bivariable co ... | 2003 | 14519342 |
| azotemia and mortality among babesia microti-like infected dogs. | babesia microti-like piroplasms are a recently recognized cause of illness in dogs in northwest spain. our objective was to describe the clinical characteristics and investigate the risk factors for azotemia and death among 58 b microti-like infected dogs. twenty-one of the 58 (36%) dogs were azotemic at the time that the infection was diagnosed. the case fatality rate during the following week was 22%. dogs with azotemia at the time of diagnosis were 10 times (95% ci, 3.26-28.8) more likely to ... | 2004 | 15058762 |
| survey of rodents and ticks in human babesiosis emergence area in japan: first detection of babesia microti-like parasites in ixodes ovatus. | babesia microti-like parasites were detected for the first time in ixodes ovatus in hyogo prefecture, japan, where two reported types of b. microti-like parasites were recognized in many rodents. of 80 adult i. ovatus ticks collected, 5 possessed the reported type and 1 possessed a new type of b. microti-like parasite. | 2004 | 15131209 |
| epizootiologic survey for babesia microti among small wild mammals in northeastern eurasia and a geographic diversity in the beta-tubulin gene sequences. | we previously reported that small wild rodents in japan harbor two types of novel babesia microti-like parasites (designated as hobetsu and kobe types), but not the type commonly found in the northeastern united states (u.s. type) where human babesiosis is endemic. to determine whether these new types of parasites are distributed in places surrounding japan, an epizootiologic survey was undertaken in three geographically distant areas in northeastern eurasia; south korea, vladivostok in russia, ... | 2004 | 15297749 |
| u.s.-type babesia microti isolated from small wild mammals in eastern hokkaido, japan. | our previous report demonstrated that small wild rodents in japan harbored two types of novel babesia microti-like parasites (kobe and hobetsu types), but not the type widely distributed throughout the temperate zones of north american and eurasian continents (u.s. type). in this study, we surveyed small wild mammals collected at various places in the northern part of japan, seeking for u.s.-type b. microti. a total of 197 small mammals comprising 10 species, apodemus speciosus, a. argenteus, cl ... | 2004 | 15353841 |
| babesia microti-like parasites detected in feral raccoons (procyon lotor) captured in hokkaido, japan. | raccoons (procyon lotor), which have recently become feral in japan, were examined for the presence of babesia microti-like parasites. out of 372 raccoons captured in the west-central part of hokkaido, 24 animals with splenomegaly were selected and tested by nested pcr targeting the babesial 18s rrna gene. b. microti-like parasites were detected in two of the 24 individuals, and their dna sequences were identical to that of the b. microti-like parasite reported from raccoons in the united states ... | 2005 | 16141672 |
| molecular characterization of a babesia species identified in a north american raccoon. | piroplasmosis was first described in raccoons (procyon lotor) in 1926, and the official description of a small piroplasm as babesia lotori was done in 1981. babesia microti-like gene sequences have been characterized in raccoons in both north american and japan. it is well documented that the microscopic appearance of piroplasms does not always accurately predict the genotype and phylogenetic classification. discrepancies using phenotype to predict genotype have been reported most frequently whe ... | 2006 | 16870860 |
| babesia microti-like parasites detected in eurasian red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris orientis) in hokkaido, japan. | six eurasian red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris orientis), victims of road traffic found during 2002 and 2004 near the noppro forest park in ebetsu, hokkaido, japan, were examined for the presence of babesia parasites. three of the six squirrels exhibited positive signals by nested pcrs targeting both the 18s rrna and beta-tubulin genes. three squirrels proved to be infected with a b. microti-like parasite as evidenced by sequencing the amplified dnas and by the morphology of the intraerythrocytic ... | 2006 | 16891774 |
| the identification of a genetically unique piroplasma in north american river otters (lontra canadensis). | during a routine health check of a wild-caught north american river otter (lontra canadensis) small piroplasms were noted within erythrocytes. analyses of the 18s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna) gene sequences determined that this was a genetically unique organism most closely related to babesia microti-like parasites found in other small carnivores. subsequently 39 wild-trapped north american river otters from north carolina were tested for the presence of piroplasma deoxyribonucleic acid (dn ... | 2007 | 17214914 |
| molecular evidence of prevalent dual piroplasma infections in north american raccoons (procyon lotor). | based on 18s rrna sequence analyses 2 distinct genotypes of piroplasms have been described in raccoons. one genotype resides in the babesia sensu stricto clade and the other in the babesia microti-like clade. since these organisms appear morphologically indistinguishable, it is unclear which strain is responsible for the majority of the infections in raccoons. in order to overcome these limitations we performed a molecular survey of raccoons using polymerase chain reaction assays specific for ea ... | 2008 | 17767797 |
| detection of new babesia microti-like parasites in a rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) with a suppressed plasmodium cynomolgi infection. | a new type of piroplasm, phylogenetically closest to babesia microti-like parasites previously detected in eurasian red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris orientis), was identified in a rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) imported from china. after challenge with plasmodium cynomolgi m strain blood-stage parasites, the rhesus monkey repeatedly showed markedly reduced levels of plasmodium parasitemia when compared with animals not infected with this organism. | 2008 | 18385363 |
| wild ungulates as babesia hosts in northern and central italy. | babesia and theileria species were investigated in wild ungulates of northern and central italy. of 355 blood samples examined, 108 (30.4%) were positive to molecular diagnostics (polymerase chain reaction [pcr] with specific primers and sequencing). the sequence analysis showed that the roe deer is a susceptible host for several piroplasms belonging both to babesia (31%) and theileria (14.2%) species, whereas fallow deer and wild boar harbor only theileria species (49% and 2.6%, respectively). ... | 2008 | 18454592 |
| babesia microti-like rodent parasites isolated from ixodes persulcatus (acari: ixodidae) in heilongjiang province, china. | a babesia microti-like rodent parasite was isolated from the tick, ixodes persulcatus, collected from the northern forest area of heilongjiang province, china. the collected i. persulcatus were allowed to feed on specific pathogen-free scid mice and red blood cells from the mice were used to isolate babesia spp. with the microareophilous stationary-phase culture technique. paired and tetrad forms of merozoites were observed by light microscope in red blood cells of scid mice. in vitro growth of ... | 2008 | 18718720 |
| molecular evidence for the presence of new babesia species in feral raccoons (procyon lotor) in hokkaido, japan. | we recently reported that feral raccoons (procyon lotor) with splenomegaly native to japan were carriers of a babesia microti-like parasite identical to that found in the united states, which was likely introduced to japan from north america via raccoons imported as pets. thus, we attempted extensive molecular survey for piroplasma infections of feral raccoon with normal spleen in hokkaido, japan using nested pcr that target broadly to 18s ribosomal rna gene (ssu-rdna) of all the parasites in th ... | 2009 | 19349121 |
| prevalence and diagnosis of babesia and theileria infections in horses in italy: a preliminary study. | babesia caballi and theileria equi are the causative agents of equine piroplasmosis. in this preliminary epidemiological study, 412 horses reared in central and northern italy were sampled and three diagnostic methods compared, namely, the microscopy, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) and a pcr. possible risk factors (such as area, season, breed, activity, sex, age, and grazing) associated with serological positivity were evaluated. a seroprevalence of 68.4% was found: 12.4% of the a ... | 2010 | 19394253 |
| babesia microti-like infections are prevalent in north american foxes. | babesia microti-like organisms have recently been identified as a cause of hemolytic anemia and azotemia in european dogs. a genetically and morphologically similar b. microti-like parasite has been identified in two foxes from north america. in order to assess the prevalence of this parasite in north american wild canids we screened blood samples from coyotes (canis latrans) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from eastern canada and red foxes and gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) from north caro ... | 2010 | 20580162 |
| babesia (theileria) annae in a red fox (vulpes vulpes) from prince edward island, canada. | a 4-6-mo-old female red fox (vulpes vulpes) was presented to the atlantic veterinary college (avc) teaching hospital, prince edward island, canada. on presentation, the fox was weak and had pale mucous membranes. a complete blood count and a serum biochemistry profile were performed. blood smear examination revealed low numbers of erythrocytes containing centrally to paracentrally located, single, rarely multiple, approximately 1 x 2 microm, oval to round organisms with morphology similar to bab ... | 2010 | 20688661 |
| asymptomatic babesia microti-like parasite infection in wild raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in south korea. | we describe asymptomatic piroplasmosis caused by a babesia microti-like parasite in wild raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) diagnosed by blood smear and dna analysis. this is the first description of natural b. microti-like parasite infection in raccoon dogs and suggests that the wild raccoon dog can be a source for b. microti-like parasite infection of domestic dogs and humans. | 2010 | 20688664 |
| prevalence of babesia microti in free-ranging baboons and african green monkeys. | babesia microti-like parasites have been reported to infect captive non-human primates (nhps). however, studies on the prevalence of babesia spp. in free-ranging nhps are lacking. this investigation aimed at determining the prevalence of b. microti in wild-caught kenyan nhps. in total, 125 animals were studied, including 65 olive baboons (papio cynocephalus anubis) and 60 african green monkeys ([agms] chlorocebus aethiops). nested polymerase chain reaction targeting babesia β-tubulin genes was u ... | 2010 | 21348608 |
| babesiosis due to the canine babesia microti-like small piroplasm in dogs - first report from portugal and possible vertical transmission. | abstract: | 2011 | 21489238 |
| babesiosis in dogs and cats-expanding parasitological and clinical spectra. | canine babesiosis caused by different babesia species is a protozoal tick-borne disease with worldwide distribution and global significance. historically, babesia infection in dogs was identified based on the morphologic appearance of the parasite in the erythrocyte. all large forms of babesia were designated babesia canis, whereas all small forms of babesia were considered to be babesia gibsoni. however, the development of molecular methods has demonstrated that other babesia species such as ba ... | 2011 | 21571435 |
| zoonotic babesiosis: overview of the disease and novel aspects of pathogen identity. | babesiosis is a zoonosis caused by tick-transmitted intraerythrocytic protozoa of the phylum apicomplexa. the disease mostly occurs in the usa, but cases have also been reported in several european countries, in egypt, india, japan, korea, taiwan, and south africa. the main pathological event is lysis of erythrocytes resulting in haemolytic anaemia, which in severe cases may lead to organ failure and death, particularly in immunocompromised patients. the 2 groups of parasites involved, babesia m ... | 2010 | 21771506 |