| genotypes of cryptosporidium spp., enterocytozoon bieneusi and giardia duodenalis in dogs and cats in shanghai, china. | controversies exist on the potential role of companion animals in the transmission of enteric pathogens in humans. this study was conducted to examine the genotype distribution of cryptosporidium spp., enterocytozoon bieneusi, and giardia duodenalis in companion animals in shanghai, china, and to assess their zoonotic potential. | 2016 | 26932267 |
| first report of cryptosporidium canis in farmed arctic foxes (vulpes lagopus) in china. | cryptosporidium is an important genus of enteric zoonotic parasites, which can infect a wide range of animals including foxes. little information is available concerning the prevalence and molecular characterisation of cryptosporidium spp. in farmed arctic foxes (vulpes lagopus) in china. thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of cryptosporidium spp. in arctic foxes in china using nested pcr amplification of the small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu rrna) gene. | 2016 | 26934975 |
| first report of cryptosporidium canis in foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) and identification of several novel subtype families for cryptosporidium mink genotype in minks (mustela vison) in china. | despite the rapid and extensive advances in molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidium in humans and a variety of animals, the prevalence and genetic traits of the parasite in wildlife bred in captivity and the role of the neglected hosts in zoonotic transmission of human cryptosporidiosis are rarely understood. this study investigated the prevalence, species/genotype, and subtype of cryptosporidium in farmed fur animals in china and assessed the possibility of zoonotic transmission. three of 191 ... | 2016 | 27001467 |
| molecular-based investigation of cryptosporidium and giardia from animals in water catchments in southeastern australia. | there has been no large-scale systematic molecular epidemiological investigation of the waterborne protozoans, cryptosporidium or giardia, in southeastern australia. here, we explored, for the first time, the genetic composition of these genera in faecal samples from animals in nine melbourne water reservoir areas, collected over a period of two-years. we employed pcr-based single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) and phylogenetic analyses of loci (pssu and pgp60) in the small subunit (ssu ... | 2012 | 23357792 |
| DETECTION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SP. SEAL IN TWO NEW SEAL SPECIES, PHOCA VITULINA AND CYSTOPHORA CRISTATA AND A NOVEL CRYPTOSPORIDIUM GENOTYPE IN A THIRD SEAL SPECIES, PAGOPHILUS GROENLANDICUS FROM THE GULF OF MAINE. | Abstract Data on the geographic distribution and host-specificity of Cryptosporidium spp. are critical for developing an understanding of likely transmission patterns in nature. During a molecular based survey of fecal samples from 293 terrestrial and aquatic animals in Maine, we detected Cryptosporidium sp. in 11 harbor seals, 1 hooded seal, and 1 harp seal. None of the terrestrial or freshwater mammal fecal samples or bird samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium sp. However, the seque ... | 2011 | 22017467 |
| real-time pcr assay targeting the actin gene for the detection of cryptosporidium parvum in calf fecal samples. | cryptosporidium parvum infection is very important with respect to public health, owing to foodborne and waterborne outbreaks and gastrointestinal illness in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons. in cattle, infection with this species manifests either as a subclinical disease or with diarrheal illness, which occurs more often in the presence of other infectious agents than when alone. the aim of this study was to develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the detectio ... | 2011 | 22042503 |
| molecular characterization of intestinal protozoa in two poor communities in the state of são paulo, brazil. | several species of protozoa cause acute or chronic gastroenteritis in humans, worldwide. the burden of disease is particularly high among children living in developing areas of the world, where transmission is favored by lower hygienic standards and scarce availability of safe water. however, asymptomatic infection and polyparasitism are also commonly observed in poor settings. here, we investigated the prevalence of intestinal protozoa in two small fishing villages, porto said (ps) and santa ma ... | 2015 | 25889093 |
| possible transmission of cryptosporidium canis among children and a dog in a household. | in a longitudinal cohort diarrhea study, a girl living in lima, peru, and her brother and dog were diagnosed with cryptosporidium canis infections during the same period. both children had transient diarrhea, but the dog was asymptomatic. this is the first report of possible transmission of cryptosporidiosis between humans and dogs. | 2007 | 17442794 |
| evaluation of immunofluorescence microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in detection of cryptosporidium and giardia infections in asymptomatic dogs. | the performance of immunofluorescence microscopy (if) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in canine feces was evaluated. if and cryptosporidium elisa detected 10(5)oocysts/g, while the detection limit for giardia elisa was 10(4)cysts/g. the cryptosporidium elisa showed 94% specificity but only 71% sensitivity. the giardia elisa correlated well with if (sensitivity 100%, specificity 96%) and was capable of detecting animal specific giardia duodenalis genotypes. visual interpretation app ... | 2007 | 17320291 |
| characterization of cryptosporidium canis isolated in japan. | oocysts that morphologically resemble cryptosporidium canis oocysts were isolated from a stray dog captured in the northeastern part of the main island of japan. the dna sequence of the 18s rrna gene of the isolate showed high homology to the published sequence of c. canis that was isolated in usa by fayer et al., j parasitol, 87:1415-1422, (2001). the isolate phylogenetically belonged to the c. canis cluster; however, its dna sequence showed two base substitutions. this suggests the genetic div ... | 2006 | 16738891 |
| molecular detection and characterization of cryptosporidium species in household dogs, pet shop puppies, and dogs kept in a school of veterinary nursing in japan. | members of cryptosporidium species, which are protozoan parasites, are prevalent worldwide and can cause diarrhoea in both humans and animals, including dogs. in addition, the cryptosporidium species harboured in dogs have the potential for zoonotic transmission. the purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of cryptosporidium species infection and perform molecular characterization of isolates in household dogs, pet shop puppies, and dogs kept in a school of veterinary nursin ... | 2014 | 24461210 |
| molecular evidence for cryptosporidium infection in dogs in central italy. | two hundred and forty kennel and privately owned dogs were tested for a molecular epidemiological study on cryptosporidium infection. genomic dna was extracted from individual faecal samples. all the dna extracts were analysed with a pcr assay specific for a approximately 400-bp fragment internal to the gene encoding for the cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein. the prevalence was 3.3% and it was higher in kennel dogs and in dogs with gastrointestinal symptoms. cryptosporidium parvum was detected ... | 2006 | 16550433 |
| detection of cryptosporidium and identification to the species level by nested pcr and restriction fragment length polymorphism. | cryptosporidiosis is an emerging protozoan disease associated with large waterborne outbreaks. diagnosis relies on microscopic examination of stools, but this method cannot identify the infecting species of cryptosporidium. we have developed a test based on nested pcr and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) that offers simple identification of cryptosporidium hominis, cryptosporidium parvum, and most other human infective species in stool samples. purified c. parvum oocysts were used ... | 2005 | 15750054 |
| long-term cryptosporidium typing reveals the aetiology and species-specific epidemiology of human cryptosporidiosis in england and wales, 2000 to 2003. | to improve understanding of the aetiology and epidemiology of human cryptosporidiosis, over 8,000 cryptosporidium isolates were submitted for typing to the species level over a four year period. the majority were either cryptosporidium parvum (45.9%) or cryptosporidium hominis (49.2%). dual infection occurred in 40 (0.5%) cases and six other known cryptosporidium species or genotypes were found in 67 (0.9%) cases. these were cryptosporidium meleagridis, cryptosporidium felis, cryptosporidium can ... | 2009 | 19161717 |
| detection of cryptosporidium species and sources of contamination with cryptosporidium hominis during a waterborne outbreak in north west wales. | as part of investigations into the cause of a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidium hominis infection linked to a mains water supply, surface waters and wastewater treatment plants were tested for cryptosporidium spp. oocyst counts in base flow surface water samples ranged from nil to 29 per 10 l. oocyst counts in effluent from a community wastewater treatment plant were up to 63 fold higher and breakout from one septic tank five logs higher. there were no peak (storm) flow events during the in ... | 2010 | 20154394 |
| cryptosporidium infection in dogs in osaka, japan. | cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen composed of genetically distinct but morphologically identical genotypes. recent molecular study indicates that dogs may transmit the cattle genotype, which is known to be pathogenic to humans. although large-scale studies of cryptosporidium infection in dogs have been performed in several countries, the isolates were not accurately identified because of the lack of a method for molecular analysis. it is important to identify the isolates harbored in ... | 2002 | 12237137 |
| cryptosporidium canis n. sp. from domestic dogs. | oocysts of cryptosporidium, from the feces of a naturally infected dog and from an hiv-infected human, were identified as the previously reported canine genotype of cryptosporidium parvum, hereafter referred to as cryptosporidium canis n. sp. also among the oocysts from the dog, a trace amount of c. parvum bovine genotype was detected. cryptosporidium canis oocysts from both the dog and human were infectious for calves. oocysts excreted by calf 1 (dog source) were approximately 90% c. canis and ... | 2001 | 11780831 |
| application of a qpcr assay with melting curve analysis for detection and differentiation of protozoan oocysts in human fecal samples from dominican republic. | a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay with melt curve analysis (qpcr-mca) was applied for the detection of protozoan oocysts in 501 human fecal samples collected in dominican republic. samples were subjected to qpcr using universal coccidia primers targeting 18s rdna to detect oocysts followed by mca to identify oocyst species based on amplicon melting temperature. putative positive samples were also tested by conventional pcr and microscopy. cystoisospora belli (×3), cryptosporidium pa ... | 2013 | 24019437 |
| occurrence and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium in dogs in henan province, china. | cryptosporidiosis in dogs has been reported worldwide, involving both asymptomatic and diarrheic dogs. large-scale surveys of cryptosporidium infection in dogs have been performed in some countries using different diagnostic methods. but, few data are available on the infection rate and molecular characteristics of cryptosporidium spp. in dogs in china. | 2014 | 24433398 |
| molecular characterization of cryptosporidium species and giardia duodenalis from symptomatic cambodian children. | in a prospective study, 498 single faecal samples from children aged under 16 years attending an outpatient clinic in the angkor hospital for children, northwest cambodia, were examined for cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cysts using microscopy and molecular assays. | 2016 | 27387755 |
| cryptosporidium canis in two mexican toddlers. | cryptosporidium canis is reported for the first time in 2 toddlers in northwestern mexico. the 2 toddlers (33 and 34 months old) were symptomatic at diagnosis, presenting diarrhea and fever, and 1 case presented chronic malnutrition. both toddlers were hiv-negative. c. canis was identified by sspi and vspi restriction enzyme digestion of the 18s rrna polymerase chain reaction products and confirmed by sequence analysis. | 2016 | 27341498 |
| cryptosporidium species and genotypes in hiv-positive patients in lima, peru. | cryptosporidium parasites from a cross-sectional study conducted in two national hospitals in lima, peru were genetically characterized to determine the diversity of cryptosporidium spp. in hiv-positive people. a total of 2,672 patients participated in this study and provided 13,937 specimens. cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by microscopy in 354 (13.3%) of the patients. analysis of 951 cryptosporidium-positive specimens from 300 patients using a small subunit rrna-based pcr-rflp tool ident ... | 2003 | 14736153 |
| a novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction approach for detection of four human infective cryptosporidium isolates: cryptosporidium parvum, types h and c, cryptosporidium canis, and cryptosporidium felis in fecal and soil samples. | a nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) approach was adopted for the simultaneous detection of 4 human infective genotypes of the protozoan parasite cryptosporidium. specific pcr primers were designed for the heat shock protein 70 gene of 2 genotypes of cryptosporidium parvum (human and bovine types), cryptosporidium canis, and cryptosporidium felis. these 4 genotypes have all been found in human fecal samples. the primers amplified dna fragments of specific sizes, each representing a ... | 2003 | 12735348 |
| genetic analysis of cryptosporidium from 2414 humans with diarrhoea in england between 1985 and 2000. | the characterization of cryptosporidium using dna extracted from whole faecal samples collected from 2414 humans with diarrhoea in england between 1985 and 2000 where cryptosporidial oocysts were detected using conventional methods is described. characterization was achieved by pcr/rflp and dna sequencing of fragments of the cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein and the 18s rdna genes. cryptosporidium parvum was detected in 56.1 % of cases, cryptosporidium hominis in 41.7 % and a mixture of c. par ... | 2006 | 16687587 |
| giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. as contaminant protozoa of the main rivers of western romania: genetic characterization and public health potential of the isolates. | the objective of this study was to establish the prevalence, contamination level, and public health significance of giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. in the primary rivers of western romania. a total of 53 sampling points in the 24 most important western romanian rivers in four counties (arad, bihor, caraș-severin, and timiș) were investigated from march to september 2016. surface water samples were collected by microfiber filtration. cryptosporidium and giardia (oo)cysts were isolated ... | 2017 | 28653194 |
| mixed cryptosporidium infections and hiv. | mixed cryptosporidium infections were detected in 7 of 21 patients with a diagnosis of rare cryptosporidium canis or c. felis infections; 6 patients were infected with 2 cryptosporidium spp. and 1 patient with 3 species. mixed infections may occur more frequently than previously believed and should be considered when assessing cryptosporidiosis. | 2006 | 16707069 |
| molecular identification of cryptosporidium spp. from fecal samples of felines, canines and bovines in the state of são paulo, brazil. | the objective of this study was to obtain information of epidemiological nature through genotypic characterization of cryptosporidium isolates from dogs, cats and bovines from the state of são paulo, brazil. the extraction of dna from oocysts was carried out and polymerase chain reaction was accomplished using specific primers to 18s rrna gene. the amplicons were directed sequenced. seven cat samples, nine dog samples and nine bovine samples were analysed. from the seven cat samples the genotypi ... | 2007 | 17996373 |
| gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis in a puppy. | an 8-week-old female yorkshire terrier with a history of weakness, diarrhea and intestinal isosporiasis was euthanized and a post mortem examination performed. histologically, there was severe gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis, severe intestinal isosporiasis and thymic lymphoid depletion. pcr revealed visible bands for the actin and 18s rrna genes but not for the acetyl coa synthetase gene for cryptosporidium spp. the pcr product for the actin gene was sequenced and found to have a 97.6-99.8% s ... | 2003 | 12935734 |