| action of particle films on the biology and behavior of pear psylla (homoptera: psyllidae). | particle films with different properties have been developed for arthropod pest control. two basic film types are hydrophobic and hydrophilic films. the hydrophilic film formulations differ in the amount and kind of spreader-sticker that is incorporated into the kaolin particles. the effects of particle film type (hydrophobic versus hydrophilic) and formulation (surround versus surround wp) on the biology and behavior of pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola (foerster), were investigated on pear in a ... | 2005 | 16539135 |
| multiple sources of isotopic variation in a terrestrial arthropod community: challenges for disentangling food webs. | documenting trophic links in a food web has traditionally required complex exclusion experiments coupled with extraordinarily labor-intensive direct observations of predator foraging. newer techniques such as stable isotope analysis (sia) may facilitate relatively quick and accurate assessments of consumer feeding behavior. ratios of n and c isotopes are thought to be useful for determining species' trophic position (e.g., 1 degrees consumer, 2 degrees consumer, or omnivore) and their original c ... | 2007 | 17716468 |
| attraction of cacopsylla pyricola (hemiptera: psyllidae) to female psylla in pear orchards. | the pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola (förster), is a major economic pest of pears in north america and europe. laboratory studies have shown that males of both the summerform and winterform morphotypes in this species are attracted to volatiles given off by females. this study tested whether attraction by males to females can be shown in the field. we showed that males had a clear preference for sticky traps that had been baited with live females compared with traps baited with live males or tra ... | 2009 | 19508792 |
| identification of a sex attractant pheromone for male winterform pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola. | pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola (förster) (hemiptera: psyllidae), a major economic pest of pears, uses a female-produced sex attractant pheromone. we compared the chemical profiles obtained from cuticular extracts of diapausing and post-diapause winterform males and females to isolate and identify the pheromone. post-diapause females produced significantly more of the cuticular hydrocarbon, 13-methylheptacosane, than post-diapause males and diapausing females. in olfactometer assays, conspecifi ... | 2009 | 20063206 |
| stability of cacopsylla pyricola (hemiptera: psyllidae) populations in pacific northwest pear orchards managed with long-term mating disruption for cydia pomonella (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | this study focused on conservation biological control of pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola, in the pacific northwest, usa. we hypothesized that insecticides applied against the primary insect pest, codling moth cydia pomonella, negatively impact natural enemies of pear psylla, thus causing outbreaks of this secondary pest. hence, the objective of this study was to understand how codling moth management influences the abundance of pear psylla and its natural enemy complex in pear orchards managed ... | 2017 | 28974000 |
| detecting cacopsylla pyricola (hemiptera: psyllidae) in predator guts using coi mitochondrial markers. | cacopsylla pyricola (förster) is one of the most important pests of pear in north america, where several native predators have been considered for integrated pest management (ipm) programmes. two molecular markers of 271 and 188 bp were developed from c. pyricola cytochrome oxidase i (coi) fragments, in order to study the detection of this species in the gut of arthropod predators. primer sensitivity and the detection period for pear psylla remains in the guts of anthocoris tomentosus pericart w ... | 2003 | 12762859 |
| bacterial endosymbionts of the psyllid cacopsylla pyricola (hemiptera: psyllidae) in the pacific northwestern united states. | insects often have facultative associations with bacterial endosymbionts, which can alter the insects' susceptibility to parasitism, pathogens, plant defenses, and certain classes of insecticides. we collected pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola (förster) (hemiptera: psyllidae), from pear orchards in washington and oregon, and surveyed them for the presence of bacterial endosymbionts. adult psyllids were collected on multiple dates to allow us to assay specimens of both the summer ("summerform") an ... | 2017 | 28334388 |
| relative abundance of carsonella ruddii (gamma proteobacterium) in females and males of cacopsylla pyricola (hemiptera: psyllidae) and bactericera cockerelli (hemiptera: triozidae). | carsonella ruddii (gamma proteobacterium) is an obligate bacterial endosymbiont of psyllids that produces essential amino acids that are lacking in the insect's diet. accurate estimations of carsonella populations are important to studies of carsonella-psyllid interactions and to developing ways to target carsonella for control of psyllid pests including pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola (förster) (hemiptera: psyllidae) and potato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli (šulc) (hemiptera: triozidae). we ... | 2015 | 26056318 |
| semiochemical and vibrational cues and signals mediating mate finding and courtship in psylloidea (hemiptera): a synthesis. | mate finding and courtship involve complex interactions that require close coordination between individuals of the opposite gender. well-organized signalling systems, sometimes involving a combination of signal modalities, are required to convey species-specific and individual information to members of the opposite gender. previous studies of psyllids have focused on single-signal modalities and have largely ignored the potentially interdependent nature of different types of signals. several stu ... | 2014 | 26462826 |
| frequency and seasonal distribution of pear psylla infected with the pear decline phytoplasma in california pear orchards. | abstract pear decline (pd) is an important disease of pyrus communis fruiting cultivars in europe, asia, and the americas. pd is caused by a phloem-limited phytoplasma that, in california, is transmitted from diseased to healthy trees by pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola. the percentage of phytoplasma-infected pear psylla has never been assessed in the united states in field-collected insects. pear psylla were collected monthly from pd-infected trees from three orchards in northern california. in ... | 2002 | 18944248 |
| structure-function relationships affecting the insecticidal and miticidal activity of sugar esters. | synthetic sugar esters are a relatively new class of insecticidal compounds that are produced by reacting sugars with fatty acids. the objective of this research was to determine how systematic alterations in sugar or fatty acid components of sugar ester compounds influenced their insecticidal properties. sucrose octanoate, sorbitol octanoate, sorbitol decanoate, sorbitol caproate, xylitol octanoate, xylitol decanoate and xylitol dodecanoate were synthesized and evaluated against a range of arth ... | 2003 | 12852599 |
| pear transformed with a lytic peptide gene for disease control affects nontarget organism, pear psylla (homoptera: psyllidae). | the biology and behavior of pear psylla, cacopsylla pyricola foerster, on a transgenic clone of 'bartlett' pear, pyrus communis l., containing a synthetic antimicrobial gene, d5c1, was compared with that of a nontransgenic parental clone to determine whether there were any nontarget effects. the gene construct also contained the marker gene nptii (aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase ii) that encodes for antibiotic resistance to identify transformed plants. the purpose of the original transforma ... | 2002 | 12216823 |
| elicitors of host plant defenses partially suppress cacopsylla pyricola (hemiptera: psyllidae) populations under field conditions. | defense elicitors are products that activate acquired defense responses in plants, thus rendering the plants less susceptible to attack by a broad range of pests. we demonstrated previously under laboratory conditions that foliar applications of the defense elicitors actigard (acibenzolar-s-methyl), employ (harpin protein), or odc (chitosan) to potted pear trees (pyrus communis l.) each caused an increase in mortality of cacopsylla pyricola (förster) (hemiptera: psyllidae) nymphs and altered the ... | 2017 | 28365771 |