| isolation of three viroids and a circular rna from grapevines. | analysis of nucleic acids from grapevine tissues by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis demonstrated the presence of two bands of circular rna. the smaller rna contained about 300 nucleotide residues and was identified as hop stunt viroid by nucleotide sequencing. the larger rna band was a mixture of species and contained similar amounts of two components, referred to as rna 1a and rna 1b, and in addition a trace amount of citrus exocortis viroid (cev) which became detectable only after inoculat ... | 1988 | 2448417 |
| australian grapevine viroid--evidence for extensive recombination between viroids. | australian grapevine viroid (agv, 369 residues) is a novel viroid with less than 50% sequence similarity with any known viroid. nevertheless its entire sequence can be divided into regions, each with a high sequence similarity with segments from one of citrus exocortis, potato spindle tuber, apple scar skin, and grapevine yellow speckle viroids. agv contains the entire central conserved region of the apple scar skin viroid group and is proposed as a member of this group. agv appears to have orig ... | 1990 | 2336357 |
| genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of australian grapevine viroid (agvd) isolated from different grapevines in china. | australian grapevine viroid (agvd) is found in only three countries in the world. here, the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of agvd isolates from three different grape varieties (thomson seedless, jingchuan and zaoyu) in china were studied. a hundred of independent cdna clones from each of the three isolates, in total of 300, were sequenced. we identified 29 sequence variants including two predominant ones in thomson seedless, and 48 each including a unique predominant one in ji ... | 2009 | 19043781 |
| common identity of grapevine viroids from usa and australia revealed by pcr analysis. | pairs of viroid-specific oligonucleotide primers were selected and used in separate reverse transcription reactions coupled with the polymerase chain reaction to obtain dna products of predetermined sizes characteristic of each viroid. the reaction conditions allowed efficient incorporation of small amounts of 32p-datp which enabled rapid detection of the products in polyacrylamide gels. using this method as well as probe hybridization, the presence of grapevine yellow speckle viroids 1 and 2 (p ... | 1992 | 1428754 |
| relationships among the viroids derived from grapevines. | there have been numerous reports of grapevine viroids, describing physical and biological properties suggestive of similar or identical molecular forms. with consideration of these properties and the application of random-primed and specific cdna probes, four major groups of grapevine viroids have been defined. designations which can be used to describe distinct viroids within the four groups include (i) cevd-g, a grapevine isolate of citrus exocortis viroid, (ii) gvd-c, a grapevine viroid recov ... | 1992 | 1607864 |
| comprehensive diversity analysis of viroids infecting grapevine in china and japan. | to date, several viroid species have been shown to infect grapevine, including hop stunt viroid (hpsvd), citrus exocortis viroid (cevd), australian grapevine viroid (agvd), grapevine yellow speckle viroid-1 (gysvd-1), grapevine yellow speckle viroid-2 (gysvd-2) and a tentative new species, grapevine yellow speckle viroid-3 (gysvd-3). here, we identified and analyzed the distribution, genetic diversity, and molecular properties of viroids infecting grapevine cultivated in china and japan, includi ... | 2012 | 22940569 |
| detection, distribution, and genetic diversity of australian grapevine viroid in grapevines in india. | australian grapevine viroid (agvd) is a viroid specific to grapevine with the least records in the world till date. here, we report for the first time the presence of agvd in grapevines in indian sub-continent. the overall infection rate of agvd in major grapevine producing areas in india was 9.3 %, which is conspicuously higher than the other regions of the world except for tunisia and iran. to understand the agvd diversity in india, the genetic divergence was examined based on the disparity in ... | 2014 | 24854143 |
| development and validation of a multiplex rt-pcr method for the simultaneous detection of five grapevine viroids. | grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd-1), grapevine yellow speckle viroid 2 (gysvd-2), australian grapevine viroid (agvd), hop stunt viroid (hsvd) and citrus exocortis viroid (cevd) are the five viroids known to infect naturally grapevines. we developed a multiplex rt-pcr (mrt-pcr) method for the simultaneous detection of these five viroids and the amplification of the cdna fragment of a host-derived mrna (actin mrna) as an internal positive control. specific primers for each targeted viroid ... | 2012 | 22004912 |
| deep sequencing analysis of rnas from a grapevine showing syrah decline symptoms reveals a multiple virus infection that includes a novel virus. | in a search for viruses associated with decline symptoms of syrah grapevines, we have undertaken an analysis of total plant rna sequences using life sciences 454 high-throughput sequencing. 67.5 megabases of sequence data were derived from reverse-transcribed cdna fragments, and screened for sequences of viral or viroid origin. the data revealed that a vine showing decline symptoms supported a mixed infection that included seven different rna genomes. fragments identified as derived from viruses ... | 2009 | 19304303 |