| polymerase chain reaction combined with restriction enzyme analysis for detection and differentiation of fowl adenoviruses. | a polymerase chain reaction combined with restriction enzyme analysis was developed for detection and differentiation of all 12 fowl adenovirus (fadv) serotypes representing the five fowl adenovirus (a to e) species. for primer design, the published sequences of the hexon proteins of fadv1, fadv8 and fadv9 were aligned and conserved regions in the two pedestal regions adjacent to the l1 loop region were determined. a primer pair (hexon a/hexon b) was constructed and was shown to amplify approxim ... | 2001 | 19184959 |
| comparison of the fibers of fowl adenovirus a serotype 1 isolates from chickens with gizzard erosions in europe and apathogenic reference strains. | a total of 18 samples from 4 outbreaks of gizzard erosions in broiler chickens in europe were used in the current study. fowl adenoviruses were found in samples from all 4 outbreaks, and isolates were identified as fowl adenovirus a (fadv-a) serotype 1. as described earlier, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis of the long fiber gene was conducted. however, all 18 samples showed the same pattern as apathogenic fadv-1 strains: ote and chicken embr ... | 2010 | 21088178 |
| pathogenicity and complete genome sequence of a fowl adenovirus serotype 8 isolate. | in this study we determined and analyzed the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of a fowl adenovirus serotype 8 (fadv-8) isolate and examined its pathogenicity in chickens. the full genome of fadv-8 was 44,055 nucleotides in length with a similar organization to that of fadv-1 and fadv-9 genomes. no regions homologous to early regions e1, e3 and e4 of mastadenoviruses were recognized. along with fadv-9, fadv-8 has only one fiber gene and with regard to sequence composition and genome org ... | 2011 | 21237223 |
| application of cross-priming amplification (cpa) for detection of fowl adenovirus (fadv) strains. | fowl adenoviruses (fadvs) are widely distributed among chickens. detection of fadvs is mainly accomplished by virus isolation, serological assays, various polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp). to increase the diagnostic capacity of currently applied techniques, cross-priming amplification (cpa) for the detection of the fadv hexon gene was developed. the single cpa assay was optimised to detect all serotypes 1-8a-8b-11 representing the species ... | 2015 | 25655263 |
| gizzard erosion and ulceration syndrome in chickens and turkeys: a review of causal or predisposing factors. | gizzard erosion and ulceration syndrome (geu) was described for the first time in the 1930s. the main focus of early studies was on nutritional deficiencies and peroxidation of highly polyunsaturated fatty acids as causative factors. during the 1970s and 1980s the focus was moved towards toxic substances in the feed. scott's review in 1985 concluded that overproduction of gastric acid induced by gizzerosine was a major cause of geu. during the last decades, serotype 1 of fowl adenovirus a and cl ... | 2013 | 23859215 |
| whole-genome sequences of two turkey adenovirus types reveal the existence of two unknown lineages that merit the establishment of novel species within the genus aviadenovirus. | there are eight species established for aviadenoviruses: fowl adenovirus a-e, goose adenovirus a, falcon adenovirus a and turkey adenovirus b. the aim of this study was to sequence and analyse the complete genomes of turkey adenovirus 4 (tadv-4) and tadv-5 (strain 1277bt) in addition to almost two-thirds of the genome of another tadv-5 strain (strain d1648). by applying next-generation sequencing, the full genomes were found to be 42 940 and 43 686 bp and the g+c content was 48.5 and 51.6 mol% f ... | 2014 | 24077297 |
| whole genome sequencing of fowl aviadenovirus a - a causative agent of gizzard erosion and ulceration, in adult laying hens. | gizzard erosion and ulceration (geu) caused by fowl aviadenovirus serotype 1 (fadv-1) of the species fowl aviadenovirus a (fadv-a) represents an economically important problem in poultry production. the disease affects mostly young chicken broilers or layers before production. in this study, an unusual geu outbreak in a flock of laying hens at 38weeks of age is described. the affected flock showed elevated mortality rates, with the highest number of dead birds appearing between the 39th and 40th ... | 2017 | 27940213 |
| molecular characterization of quail bronchitis virus isolated from bobwhite quail in minnesota. | from 2008 to 2012, 4 separate cases of quail bronchitis virus infection were seen in bobwhite quail (colinus virginianus) raised in minnesota. the quail chicks ranged in age from 5 d to 8 wk and suffered from respiratory distress and elevated mortality. on necropsy, gross lesions consisted of mucus in trachea, congested lungs, caseous air sacculitis, accumulation of chalky white urates on internal organs, necrotic foci in liver, and enlarged spleen. histologic examination revealed fibrinoheterop ... | 2016 | 27418664 |
| phylogenetic and geographic analysis of fowl adenovirus field strains isolated from poultry in poland. | fowl adenoviruses (fadvs) are widely distributed in chickens in poland and throughout the world. fadv infections have been reported in the united states, australia, europe, and the mediterranean basin. detection of fadvs strains is very important from the epidemiological point of view and for monitoring disease outbreaks and developing strategies for vaccine development. several molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic studies have been performed, but the results obtained are still limited, becau ... | 2016 | 26446890 |
| species determination of fowl adenoviruses based on the 52k gene region. | in the present study, the classification of fowl adenoviruses (fadvs) based on a part of the 52k gene region was described. a total of 44 fadv field samples from different countries and sources were detected using a recently developed sybr green-based real-time pcr. amplified products were sequenced, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted on the basis of the 116-bp region. for comparison, the already published sequences of the 52k gene region of aviadenoviruses were used in the analyses. the p ... | 2013 | 24689188 |
| the first whole genome sequence of a fowl adenovirus b strain enables interspecies comparisons within the genus aviadenovirus. | fowl adenoviruses (fadvs) are grouped into five different species: fowl adenovirus a through fowl adenovirus e (fadv-a to fadv-e), and so far, complete nucleotide sequences are only available for the genomes of fadv-a, fadv-c, fadv-d and fadv-e members. the aim of this study was to sequence and analyze the complete genome of the reference strain representing fadv-b (fadv-5, strain 340). by applying next generation sequencing, the genome was found to be 45,781 bp long with 56.5% g+c content, and ... | 2013 | 23830773 |
| adenoviral gizzard erosion in broiler chickens in germany. | avian adenovirus infections cause important disease complexes in chickens, but many of the viruses also infect chickens without resulting in overt disease. previously several outbreaks of gizzard erosions caused by a fowl adenovirus a serotype-1 (fadv-1) were reported from japan. here we report an outbreak of gizzard erosions in 12 broiler flocks in germany in 2011. chickens had a reduced daily weight gain and a higher total mortality rate of up to 8%. the birds showed a severe detachment of the ... | 2013 | 23678748 |
| genome sequence of fowl aviadenovirus a strain jm1/1, which caused gizzard erosions in japan. | this study reports the complete genome sequence of fowl aviadenovirus a strain jm1/1, which caused gizzard erosions in broilers occurring in japan. the jm1/1 genome is 43,809 bp in length and most closely related to the strain chicken embryo lethal orphan (celo); moreover, multiple site insertions and deletions were found. | 2017 | 29025927 |
| fatal necrotic tracheitis by aviadenovirus in captive alagoas curassows (pauxi mitu) extinct from the wild. | extinct from nature, captive young alagoas curassows (pauxi mitu) were found agonizing or dead with respiratory disease. intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in the epithelia of the trachea, associated with marked necrotic tracheitis. an aviadenovirus was isolated in chicken eggs and characterized genetically with 99% identity to the fowl aviadenovirus a, as based on the hexon protein gene. this is the first report of respiratory disease caused by aviadenovirus in any cracid species in brazi ... | 2019 | 30663340 |
| adenoviral gizzard erosions in two belgian broiler farms. | fowl adenovirus infections are widely prevalent in poultry. many of the viruses can infect chickens without resulting in overt disease. nevertheless, some fowl adenoviruses can cause important disease complexes in chickens such as inclusion body hepatitis, hydropericardium syndrome, necrotic pancreatitis, and gizzard erosion. adenoviral gizzard erosions have been regularly reported from japan, but detailed reports from europe are scarce and available only from italy, poland, hungary, and germany ... | 2018 | 30339505 |
| hexon and fiber gene changes in an attenuated fowl adenovirus isolate from malaysia in embryonated chicken eggs and its infectivity in chickens. | fowl adenovirus (fadv) is distributed worldwide and causes economic losses in the poultry industry. the objectives of this study were to determine the hexon and fiber gene changes in an attenuated fadv isolate from malaysia in specific pathogen-free chicken embryonated eggs (spf cee) and its infectivity in commercial broiler chickens. spf cee were inoculated with 0.1 ml fadv inoculum via the chorioallantoic membrane (cam) for 20 consecutive passages. the isolate at passage 20 (e20), with a virus ... | 2018 | 30173491 |
| an outbreak of fowl aviadenovirus a-associated gizzard erosion and ulceration in captive bobwhite quail (colinus virginianus). | a flock of captive bobwhite quail (colinus virginianus) experienced loose droppings, depression, and increased mortality starting at 3 wk of age. necropsy of the affected birds revealed intestines dilated with frothy and tan fluid. irregular dark brown fissures within the koilin layer of the gizzard were found in 20%-30% of the birds. histologically, gizzards showed multifocal koilin degeneration or fragmentation, degeneration and necrosis of the subjacent epithelial cells, and infiltration of m ... | 2021 | 34339122 |