| an epornitic of avian pox in houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). | an epornitic of avian pox occurred in a flock of 123 houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) received at the sulman falcon hospital in the state of bahrain in february 1993. birds displayed conjunctivitis, excessive lacrimation and papilloma-like growths forming amorphous clusters on the third eyelid and on the conjunctiva. examination of eyelid samples under transmission electron microscopy revealed pox virus particles displaying the classical morphology of vaccinia-avipox virions. t ... | 1996 | 8779810 |
| postmortem findings in bustards in the united arab emirates. | a review was conducted of 236 postmortem examinations of six species of captive and imported bustards in the united arab emirates for the period 1979-94. the most common causes of death in adult imported houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) were euthanasia due to newcastle disease, aspergillosis, and post-transportation-related deaths. helminth parasites were a common finding in imported houbara bustards, and large parasite burdens occasionally caused intestinal obstruction and dea ... | 1996 | 8790878 |
| serological survey for avian viruses in houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). | | 1996 | 8883351 |
| avian paramyxovirus type 1 infection in houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii): clinical and pathologic findings. | clinical and pathologic findings of avian paramyxovirus type 1 (pmv-1) in 19 houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) imported from pakistan into the united arab emirates and one captive-bred bird are reported. clinical signs included circling, walking backward, ataxia, opisthotonos, torticollis, recumbency, head tilt, head shaking, head tremor, tucking of head under keel, nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, and diarrhea. the length of time imported birds exhibited clinical signs varied f ... | 1997 | 9365947 |
| pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin after intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration in houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). | the in-vitro activity of enrofloxacin against 117 strains of bacteria isolated from bustards was determined. minimum inhibitory concentrations for 72% of the proteus spp., e. coli, salmonella spp. and klebsiella spp. (n = 61) and for 48% of the streptococci spp. and staphylococci spp. (n = 31) were < or = 0.5 microg/ml. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of 76% of pseudomonas spp. (n = 25) was < or = 2 microg/ml. fourteen strains were resistant to concentrations > or = 128 microg/ml. the ... | 1998 | 9731951 |
| radiographic monitoring of the ossification of long bones in kori (ardeotis kori) and white-bellied (eupodotis senegalensis) bustards. | a serial radiographic study was conducted on eight kori bustard (ardeotis kori) and four white-bellied bustard (eupodotis senegalensis) chicks to determine the pattern of long bone development and to establish radiographic standards for assessing skeletal maturity. the ossification pattern, appearance of secondary ossification centres, and epiphyseal fusion of the long bones in kori and white-bellied bustards were similar to those in houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii), rufous-cre ... | 1998 | 9839896 |
| medical dilemmas associated with rehabilitating confiscated houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) after avian pox and paramyxovirus type 1 infection. | projects to rehabilitate confiscated animals must carefully consider the risks of disease when determining whether to release these animals back into the wild or to incorporate them into captive breeding programs. avipox and paramyxovirus type 1 (pmv-1) infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality during rehabilitation of confiscated houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). this paper presents key findings of an intensive health monitoring program (physical condition, he ... | 2002 | 12238369 |
| normal blood chemistry of the kori bustard (ardeotis kori). | blood samples were obtained from clinically normal captive adult kori bustards (ardeotis kori) in order to establish normal reference blood chemistry values for the species. twenty-four different tests were conducted using a kodak ektachem dt ii dry-chemistry system. a comparison of the values obtained was made with those of two sub-species of houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii and chlamydotis undulata undulata) and the great bustard (otis tarda), and showed some similarities betwe ... | 1996 | 18645847 |
| isolation and identification of highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 virus from houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) and contact falcons. | highly pathogenic influenza virus (hpaiv) h5n1 has caused mortality and morbidity in many species of domestic and wild bird. the houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) is a solitary bird that inhabits semi-desert regions. it is known to be susceptible to avianpox, avian paramyxovirus type 1, and low-pathogenicity avian influenza h9n2. we report an outbreak of h5n1 hpaiv in houbara bustards, which were introduced into the kingdom of saudi arabia for falconry purposes. ninety-three per ... | 2009 | 19130352 |
| Genetic Differentiation among Migrant and Resident Populations of the Threatened Asian Houbara Bustard. | The Asian houbara bustard Chlamydotis macqueenii is a partial migrant of conservation concern found in deserts of central Asia and the Middle East. In the southern part of the species range, resident populations have been greatly fragmented and reduced by sustained human pressure. In the north, birds migrate from breeding grounds between West Kazakhstan and Mongolia to wintering areas in the Middle East and south central Asia. Extensive satellite tracking has shown substantial partitioning in mi ... | 2012 | 22140252 |
| outbreaks of pox disease due to canarypox-like and fowlpox-like viruses in large-scale houbara bustard captive-breeding programmes, in morocco and the united arab emirates. | infectious diseases can be serious threats for the success of reinforcement programmes of endangered species. houbara bustard species (chlamydotis undulata and chlamydotis macqueenii), whose populations declined in the last decades, have been captive-bred for conservation purposes for more than 15 years in north africa and the middle east. field observations show that pox disease, caused by avipoxviruses (apv), regularly emerges in conservation projects of houbara bustard, despite a very strict ... | 2016 | 25651753 |
| diversity of avipoxviruses in captive-bred houbara bustard. | implementation of conservation breeding programs is a key step to ensuring the sustainability of many endangered species. infectious diseases can be serious threats for the success of such initiatives especially since knowledge on pathogens affecting those species is usually scarce. houbara bustard species (chlamydotis undulata and chlamydotis macqueenii), whose populations have declined over the last decades, have been captive-bred for conservation purposes for more than 15 years. avipoxviruses ... | 2014 | 25270742 |
| plasma concentrations of vitamin e in six species of bustard (gruiformes: otididae). | vitamin e (measured as alpha-tocopherol) and cholesterol concentrations were determined in plasma samples collected from 86 clinically healthy captive adult bustards of six species and 23 captive juveniles (6-12 mo old) of two of these species. adult houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) had higher plasma alpha-tocopherol concentrations than juveniles (adult: mean +/- se, 11.07 +/- 0.41 micrograms/ml, n = 32; juvenile: 6.33 +/- 0.48, n = 12) and higher alpha-tocopherol: cholesterol ... | 2002 | 12038141 |
| radiographic analysis of the growth rate of long bones in bustards. | a serial radiographic study was conducted on seven houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii), 10 rufous-crested bustard (eupodotis ruficrista), four white-bellied bustard (eupodotis senegalensis) and eight kori bustard (ardeotis kori) chicks to determine the growth rate of long bones and to establish radiographic standards for assessing skeletal maturity. the growth rates of the tarsometatarsus and tibiotarsus in the bustard species investigated were similar to those in domestic fowl (ga ... | 2000 | 11124094 |
| serum bile acids in captive bustards. | blood samples were collected from clinically normal male and female houbara (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii), kori (ardeotis kori), buff-crested (eupodotis ruficrista gindiana) and white-bellied bustards (e. senegalensis) to determine serum bile acid concentrations. bile acid concentrations were determined by analysis with an ultrospec 3000 ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometer, using an enzymatic bile acid test. the results provided values of serum bile acid concentrations for the four species ... | 1999 | 10676148 |
| age-related plasma chemistry changes in houbara and kori bustards in the united arab emirates. | plasma chemistry parameters were measured in adult (> 1.5 yr) and juvenile (4-8 and 9-16 wk) captive houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) and from adult (> 1.5 yr) and juvenile (4-8, 9-16, 17-24, 25-32, 33-40 and 41-52 wk) captive kori bustards (ardeotis kori) to study age-related changes. a comparison of the values obtained was made between adult and juvenile bustards of both species and from the literature with other bustard species. significant differences between adult and juve ... | 1999 | 10073343 |
| comparative morphology of the alimentary tract and its glandular derivatives of captive bustards. | this study describes the gross anatomy of the alimentary tract of houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii), kori bustards (ardeotis kori), rufous-crested bustards (eupodotis ruficrista) and white-bellied bustards (eupodotis senegalensis) maintained in captivity by the national avian research center in the united arab emirates. the morphology of the alimentary tract and the proportions of each region were similar in all 4 species. the length of the oesophagus, combined proventriculus an ... | 1997 | 9418995 |
| low impact of avian pox on captive-bred houbara bustard breeding performance. | avian pox, a disease caused by avipoxviruses, is a major cause of decline of some endangered bird species. while its impact has been assessed in several species in the wild, effects of the disease in conservation breeding have never been studied. houbara bustard species (chlamydotis undulata and chlamydotis macqueenii), whose populations declined in the last decades, have been captive bred for conservation purposes for more than 20 years. while mortality and morbidity induced by avipoxviruses ca ... | 2017 | 28243593 |
| chlamydotis macqueenii and c. undulata (aves: otididae) are new hosts for caryospora megafalconis (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) and proposal of the genus avispora gen. nov. | oocysts of a coccidian morphologically matching features of caryospora megafalconis klüh, 1994 were found in fecal samples and contents of the large intestines in five wild caught clamydotis macqueenii (gray) and 19 captive bred c. undulata (jaquin). scrapings of the intestinal mucosa of necropsied birds revealed macrogamonts and unsporulated oocysts. sporulation in a potassium dichromate solution at 26 °c was completed in 48 h. intestinal contents and sporulated oocysts obtained from feces of i ... | 2016 | 27515371 |
| a novel, nonsurgical method for the treatment of tibiotarsal rotation in houbara bustard (chlamydotis macqueenii) chicks. | rotational limb deformity due to tibiotarsal rotation can affect captive-bred houbara bustard chicks (chlamydotis macqueenii) from an early age. if not completely corrected, the affected birds can neither be released into the wild nor used in captive-breeding projects. a nonsurgical orthopedic method was developed to correct this deformity before growth is completed. the method consists of hobbling digits iii and the distal part of the tarsometatarsus of each leg with a self-adhesive conforming ... | 2008 | 18543599 |
| physiological responses of houbara bustards to high ambient temperatures. | desert birds often experience a scarcity of drinking water and food and must survive episodes of high ambient temperature (t(a)). the physiological mechanisms that promote survival during extended periods of high t(a) have received little attention. we investigated the physiological responses of wild-caught and captive-reared houbara bustards, chlamydotis macqueenii, to t(a) values ranging from below 0 degrees c to 55 degrees c, well above those in most previous studies of birds. captive-reared ... | 2002 | 11893764 |
| dna barcodes of asian houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). | populations of houbara bustards have dramatically declined in recent years. captive breeding and reintroduction programs have had limited success in reviving population numbers and thus new technological solutions involving molecular methods are essential for the long term survival of this species. in this study, we sequenced the 694 bp segment of coi gene of the four specimens of asian houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). we also compared these sequences with earlier published bar ... | 2012 | 22408462 |
| age-related hematologic changes in captive-reared houbara, white-bellied, and rufous-crested bustards. | blood samples were obtained at monthly intervals between april 1994 and march 1996 from captive-bred houbara (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii), rufous-crested (eupodotis ruficrista gindiana), and white-bellied (eupodotis senegalensis) bustards from 4-24 wk of age. hematology investigations were conducted to determine age-related changes and to establish reference values for growing chicks of these species. there were significant age-related changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin, and red cell count i ... | 2002 | 12528450 |
| ventricular septal defect in a houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). | a ventricular septal defect was found in a juvenile captive-bred houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata) that died suddenly. the case history indicated that the bird had a retarded growth and maturation rate. gross pathology demonstrated massive internal hemorrhage, an enlarged heart with an interventricular septal defect, one shrunken liver lobe, and hypoplastic kidneys. histologically, the liver was characterized by fatty degeneration, and there was hydropic degeneration of the cardiac muscle f ... | 2003 | 11332487 |
| fatty liver syndrome in captive bustards: clinical, pathological and epidemiological findings. | clinical, pathological, and epidemiological findings are presented on fatty liver syndrome mainly in houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii), but also in some other bustard species. of 72 houbara bustards, 34 (47%) had fatty liver diagnosed post-mortem. males and females were equally susceptible, and both adults and juvenile birds were affected. bustards with fatty liver had significantly greater abdominal fat reserves than unaffected birds. other predisposing factors included poor hu ... | 1997 | 18483887 |
| seasonal variation of lh, sex steroids, body mass, molt, display, and laying in two subspecies of houbara bustard, chlamydotis undulata macqueenii and chlamydotis undulata undulata, housed in outdoor cages under natural conditions. | subspecies of the houbara bustard are resident in north africa (chlamydotis undulata undulata) or are partial latitudinal migrants in asia (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). houbara breed in arid or semiarid zones, and the reproductive biology of wild houbara is largely unknown. body mass, molt, courtship display, laying, and plasma concentrations of lh, testosterone, and progesterone were measured in captive-bred birds of both subspecies, housed in outdoor cages under natural conditions, over a ... | 1996 | 8860314 |
| haemoproteus in the houbara (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) and the rufous-crested bustard (eupodotis ruficrista) in the united arab emirates. | a routine microscopic examination of blood smears from 52 houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenit) recently imported into the united arab emirates revealed that 32 (61.5%) birds were infected with haemoproteus tendeiroi and h. telfordi. haemoproteus tendeiroi was found alone in most of the infected birds, whereas a combination of h. telfordi and h. tendeiroi was found together in two birds, and only one bird was infected with h. telfordi alone. in eight recently imported rufous-crested ... | 1996 | 18645836 |
| artificial insemination in houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata): influence of the number of spermatozoa and insemination frequency on fertility and ability to hatch. | between 1989 and 1992, artificial insemination was used in the reproduction of two subspecies of houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii and chlamydotis undulata undulata) at the national wildlife research center, taif. the laying period was between january and july and the mean annual egg production in c. undulata macqueenii was 10.2 and in c. undulata undulata was 7.6. no differences were found in sperm production between the two subspecies: the mean volume of ejaculate was 0.08 ml; t ... | 1994 | 8182618 |
| avian poxvirus infection in a flamingo (phoenicopterus ruber) of the lisbon zoo. | avian poxviruses (apv) are very large viruses spread worldwide in a variety of hosts. they are responsible for a disease usually referred to as pox, mainly characterized by nodular lesions on feather-free regions of the body. on may 2010, a young american flamingo (phoenicopterus ruber) of the lisbon zoo (portugal) developed a nodular lesion suggestive of poxvirus infection on its right foot. avipoxvirus was isolated from the lesion and a fragment of the p4b-encoding gene was amplified by polyme ... | 2016 | 27010277 |
| exposure to and circulation of avian influenza and newcastle disease viruses in peridomestic wild birds in the united arab emirates. | avian influenza and newcastle disease viruses (aiv, ndv) are major pathogens of captive and wild birds worldwide. wetlands and their associated bird communities, especially waterfowl and shorebirds, are known to play a central role in the epidemiology of these diseases as maintenance hosts. however, these viruses also circulate in places where these ecosystems and communities are uncommon, suggesting the involvement of other taxa in their epidemiological cycles. in the arid region of abu dhabi o ... | 2020 | 31622187 |
| releases of asian houbara must respect genetic and geographic origin to preserve inherited migration behaviour: evidence from a translocation experiment. | maintaining appropriate migratory strategies is important in conservation; however, translocations of migratory animals may alter locally evolved migration behaviours of recipient populations if these are different and heritable. we used satellite telemetry and experimental translocation to quantify differences and assess heritability in migration behaviours between three migratory asian houbara (chlamydotis macqueenii) breeding populations (640 km range across eastern, central and western uzbek ... | 2020 | 32269827 |
| dataset on the numbers and proportion of mortality attributable to hunting, trapping, and powerlines in wild and captive-bred migratory asian houbara chlamydotis macqueenii. | the data shown in this article are the number and proportion of deaths attributable to hunting/trapping, powerline collisions and natural causes in migratory asian houbara chlamydotis macqueenii originating from a breeding population in uzbekistan. for wild adult and juvenile asian houbara wintering in central asia during the period 2011-2018, 53.9% and 52.9%, respectively, of mortality was due to hunting/trapping, while in contrast most mortality in captive-bred released birds was natural with ... | 2018 | 30519605 |