| ultrastructural development of chorioallantoic placenta in the indian miniopterus bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus (hodgson). | the chorioallantoic placental interhemal membrane of miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus has been described electron-microscopically. morphologically there are three main types of placentae which develop in chronological sequence. they are (1) primary placenta, (2) secondary placenta and (3) tertiary placenta. in neural groove and limb-bud embryos the primary placenta consists of the following elements which separate the maternal and fetal circulations: (1) a continuous ectoplasmic layer, (2) i ... | 1992 | 1466238 |
| immunocytochemical studies on the pituitary pars distalis of the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | immunocytochemical studies were performed to describe the characteristics of cell types and their distribution in the pars distalis of japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus, collected at various stages of the reproductive cycle. six distinct cell types have been identified in the pars distalis by the unlabeled immunoperoxidase technique and by the abc method. growth hormone (gh) and prolactin (prl) cells were immunostained with antisera against chicken gh and ovine prl ... | 1988 | 3345544 |
| changes in progesterone concentrations in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | in the japanese long-fingered bat, when compared with the baseline values during non-pregnancy in the autumn, plasma progesterone concentrations were not significantly elevated during the delayed implantation stage that begins before the bats enter hibernation. however, progesterone concentrations were significantly lower during the delayed development stage that occurs during hibernation and rose significantly during the rapid embryogenesis that occurs after arousal from hibernation in the spri ... | 1987 | 3598973 |
| development of the main and accessory placentae in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | the placentae of the japanese long-fingered bat were characterized by their morphological and functional transition from the main placenta to the accessory placentae. the main placenta transformed from an endotheliodichorial to a haemodichorial (one layer of syncytiotrophoblast and one layer of cytotrophoblast cells) condition. degeneration of the main placenta was accompanied by development of two accessory placentae. these developed on both sides (fetal side) of the main placenta, and subseque ... | 1984 | 6726672 |
| effects of elevated temperatures on the embryonic development and corpus luteum activity in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | gravid female japanese long-fingered bats were kept in captivity without hibernation at elevated temperatures (23-25 degrees c) in winter. the embryonic growth rate was accelerated and consequently parturition was advanced by a period equivalent to that of exclusion from hibernation as compared with that in the wild population. the corpus luteum became active, as indicated by an increase in the 'light' lutein cells in an experimental bat pregnant with a 15-mm embryo, but was less active (more 'd ... | 1984 | 6747953 |
| ultrastructural observations of delayed implantation in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | embryonic development in japanese long-fingered bats proceeded very slowly during and after the delayed implantation period (mid-october to mid-december). the primitive amniotic cavity and endoderm were formed before implantation. at the preimplantation stage (before hibernation) the corpus luteum cells appeared active, but became less active at the implantation stage (in hibernation). activity was again apparent at the early placentation stage (after arousal). | 1983 | 6887134 |
| changes in the morphology and behaviour of spermatozoa between copulation and fertilization in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | live spermatozoa were first stored in the colliculus tubaricus of the uterotubal junction (utj) on both sides, spermatozoa then ascended to the caudal isthmus just before ovulation. spermatozoa with intact acrosomes in the caudal isthmus, which had their heads orientated towards the cephalic isthmus, were seen amongst groups of epithelial cilia in parallel to the epithelium; on the other hand, acrosome-less spermatozoa that were not attached to the epithelium were orientated irregularly in the l ... | 1982 | 7077598 |
| comparative anatomical observations of the tongue of the japanese long-fingered bats, miniopterus schreibersi fuliginosus. | | 1982 | 7122024 |
| sperm storage in the reproductive tract of the female japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus, spermatozoa in contact with the microvilli of non-ciliated cells in folds in the uterotubal junction appeared normal, while spermatozoa remaining in the uterus degenerated and were engulfed by a massive invasion of polymorphonuclear leucocytes. no leucocytes were seen in the uterotubal junction area. it is suggested that the spermatozoa in this area are being stored, probably until ovulation occurs. | 1980 | 7191895 |
| ultrastructural observations of fertilization in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | only a very few spermatozoa were found in the ampulla of the oviduct just after ovulation. the spermatozoa lost both the acrosome cap and the equatorial segment while passing between the cumulus cells surrounding an ampullar egg; many such spermatozoa were found in the perivitelline space. one spermatozoon was seen in contact with the plasma membrane of the ovum in the metaphase of the second meiotic division. excess spermatozoa in the perivitelline space were phagocytosed by pseudopodial protru ... | 1981 | 7196950 |
| ultrastructural observations of ovulation in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus. | in the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus, ovulation occurred spontaneously with the disappearance of the granulosa layer and germinal epithelium at the apex of the stigma which was formed simultaneously with expulsion of the first polar body, and with the subsequent bleeding from the capillary lumina of the theca interna. after ovulation the rupture point was plugged by luteinizing granulosa cells and overgrown by newly regenerated cells of the tunica albuginea and ... | 1981 | 7299746 |
| noradrenergic and cholinergic nerves in the uterus of the japanese long-fingered bat, miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus, change with reproductive cycle. | the pattern of uterine innervation by noradrenergic (na) and acetylcholinesterase-positive (ache) nerves in different reproductive stages of the adult japanese long-fingered bats were investigated histochemically and immunohistochemically. in the non-pregnant bat, the uterine horn was supplied with abundant na and ache nerves. these two types of nerves were closely associated with the uterine arteries and myometrial smooth muscles. in the pregnant bat, na and ache nerves supplying the uterus did ... | 2002 | 12130815 |
| karyotype relationships of six bat species (chiroptera, vespertilionidae) from china revealed by chromosome painting and g-banding comparison. | the vespertilionidae is the largest family in the order chiroptera and has a worldwide distribution in the temperate and tropical regions. in order to further clarify the karyotype relationships at the lower taxonomic level in vespertilionidae, genome-wide comparative maps have been constructed between myotis myotis (mmy, 2n = 44) and six vesper bats from china: myotis altarium (mal, 2n = 44), hypsugo pulveratus (hpu, 2n = 44), nyctalus velutinus (nve, 2n = 36), tylonycteris robustula (tro, 2n = ... | 2006 | 17065796 |
| a comparative study of prenatal development in miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus, hipposideros armiger and h. pratti. | bats comprise the second largest order of mammals. however, there are far fewer morphological studies of post-implantation embryonic development than early embryonic development in bats. | 2010 | 20092640 |
| bat head contains soft magnetic particles: evidence from magnetism. | recent behavioral observations have indicated that bats can sense the earth's magnetic field. to unravel the magnetoreception mechanism, the present study has utilized magnetic measurements on three migratory species (miniopterus fuliginosus, chaerephon plicata, and nyctalus plancyi) and three non-migratory species (hipposideros armiger, myotis ricketti, and rhinolophus ferrumequinum). room temperature isothermal remanent magnetization acquisition and alternating-field demagnetization showed tha ... | 2010 | 20607738 |
| differential changes of regional cerebral blood flow in two bat species during induced hypothermia measured by perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. | cerebral blood flow (cbf) of a vespertilionid bat, miniopterus fuliginosus (m. f.), and a pteropodid bat, rousettus leschenaultii (r. l.) was measured non-invasively during induced hypothermia (37-10°c for m. f. and 37-24°c for r. l.) with perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. in both species, the average cbf was found to decrease with rectal temperature. the patterns of hypothermia-induced regional cbf changes, however, were different between the two species. in the pteropodid bat, the ... | 2011 | 20680296 |
| detection of bat coronaviruses from miniopterus fuliginosus in japan. | bats have great potential as reservoirs for emerging viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus. in this study, bat coronaviruses (btcovs) were detected by rt-pcr from intestinal and fecal specimens of miniopterus fuliginosus breeding colonies in wakayama prefecture caves, where we previously identified bat betaherpesvirus 2. two primer sets were used for the detection of btcov: one was for the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) region and the other was for the spike (s) prot ... | 2011 | 21877208 |
| genetic diversity of coronaviruses in miniopterus fuliginosus bats. | coronaviruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, pose significant public health threats. bats have been suggested to act as natural reservoirs for both these viruses, and periodic monitoring of coronaviruses in bats may thus provide important clues about emergent infectious viruses. the eastern bent-wing bat miniopterus fuliginosus is distributed extensively throughout china. we therefore analyzed the genetic diversity of coro ... | 2016 | 27125516 |
| coexistence of multiple coronaviruses in several bat colonies in an abandoned mineshaft. | since the 2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) outbreak prompted a search for the natural reservoir of the sars coronavirus, numerous alpha- and betacoronaviruses have been discovered in bats around the world. bats are likely the natural reservoir of alpha- and betacoronaviruses, and due to the rich diversity and global distribution of bats, the number of bat coronaviruses will likely increase. we conducted a surveillance of coronaviruses in bats in an abandoned mineshaft in mojian ... | 2016 | 26920708 |
| natural epigenetic variation in bats and its role in evolution. | when facing the challenges of environmental change, such as habitat fragmentation, organisms have to adjust their phenotype to adapt to various environmental stresses. recent studies show that epigenetic modifications could mediate environmentally induced phenotypic variation, and this epigenetic variance could be inherited by future generations, indicating that epigenetic processes have potential evolutionary effects. bats living in diverse environments show geographic variations in phenotype, ... | 2015 | 25568456 |
| the genetic diversity of d-loop sequences in eastern bent-winged bats (miniopterus fuliginosus) living in wakayama prefecture, japan. | the eastern bent-winged bat (miniopterus fuliginosus) is an insectivorous bat that lives in the caves, throughout japan [11]. the bats aggregate in cave in populations of tens to thousands of individuals. we examined the mitochondrial d-loop sequences of bats in wakayama, japan, and divided them into 35 haplotypes. the sequences of 3 haplotypes in wakayama were the same as those of 10 miniopterus fuliginosus individuals living in china. given the substitution rate of the d-loop region, we specul ... | 2017 | 28484149 |
| bats adjust their pulse emission rates with swarm size in the field. | flying in swarms, e.g., when exiting a cave, could pose a problem to bats that use an active biosonar system because the animals could risk jamming each other's biosonar signals. studies from current literature have found different results with regard to whether bats reduce or increase emission rate in the presence of jamming ultrasound. in the present work, the number of eastern bent-wing bats (miniopterus fuliginosus) that were flying inside a cave during emergence was estimated along with the ... | 2016 | 28040047 |
| rapid frequency control of sonar sounds by the fm bat, miniopterus fuliginosus, in response to spectral overlap. | in the presence of multiple flying conspecifics, echolocating bats avoid jamming by adjusting the spectral and/or temporal features of their vocalizations. however, little is known about how bats alter their pulse acoustic characteristics to adapt to an acoustically jamming situation during flight. we investigated echolocation behavior in a bat (miniopterus fuliginosus) during free flight under acoustic jamming conditions created by downward fm jamming sounds mimicking bat echolocation sounds. i ... | 2016 | 27157002 |
| mitochondrial genetic differentiation and morphological difference of miniopterus fuliginosus and miniopterus magnater in china and vietnam. | because of its complicated systematics, the bent-winged bat is one of the most frequently studied bat species groups. in china, two morphologically similar bent-winged bat species, miniopterus fuliginosus and miniopterus magnater were identified, but their distribution range and genetic differentiation are largely unexplored. in this study, we applied dna bar codes and two other mitochondrial dna genes including morphological parameters to determine the phylogeny, genetic differentiation, spatia ... | 2015 | 25859327 |
| [dietary composition, echolocation pulses and morphological measurements of the long-fingered bat miniopterus fuliginosus (chiroptera: vespertilioninae)]. | we investigated food (insect) availability in foraging areas utilized by the long-fingered bat miniopterus fuliginosus using light traps, fish netting and fecal analysis. the dominant preys of m. fuliginosus were lepidoptera (55%, by volume percent) and coleoptera (38%) of a relatively large body size. m. fuliginosus has relatively long, narrow wings and a wing span of 6.58+/-0.12 and high wing loading of 9.85+/-0.83 n/m2. the echolocation calls of free flying m. fuliginosus were fm signals, wit ... | 2011 | 21509962 |
| isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the long-fingered bat miniopterus fuliginosus. | we isolated and characterized 10 microsatellite loci in the long-fingered bat miniopterus fuliginosus. these loci were tested on 48 individuals from anhui province of china, and all loci were highly polymorphic. the mean number of observed alleles per locus was 13.6 (range from six to 27). observed and expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.364 to 0.957, and from 0.676 to 0.951, respectively. after bonferroni correction, four loci deviated significantly from hardy-weinberg equilibrium. no ... | 2008 | 21585895 |
| first record of trypanosoma dionisii of the t. cruzi clade from the eastern bent-winged bat (miniopterus fuliginosus) in the far east. | chiropteran mammals worldwide harbour trypanosomes (euglenozoa: kinetoplastea: trypanosomatida) of the subgenus 'schizotrypanum' in the classical sense. latterly, these trypanosomes have been referred to as members of the 'trypanosoma cruzi clade' as their phylogenetic relationships, structure and life cycle conform to t. cruzi, parasitising various terrestrial mammals as well as humans in latin america. little is known, however, about the trypanosome species in asian bats. during a survey on bo ... | 2018 | 29335789 |
| genetic diversity of the yokose virus, xybx1332, isolated from bats (myotis daubentonii) in china. | yokose virus was first isolated from bats (miniopterus fuliginosus) collected in yokosuka, japan, in 1971, and is a new member of the family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus. in this study, we isolated a yokose virus from a serum sample of myotis daubentonii (order chiroptera, family vespertilionidae) collected in yunnan province, china in 2013. | 2019 | 30634973 |
| long-term surveillance of bat coronaviruses in korea: diversity and distribution pattern. | bats harbour diverse coronaviruses (covs), some of which are associated with zoonotic infections, as well as inter-species transmission. in this study, a total of 512 bat faecal samples from the bat habitats at different geographical locations in south korea were investigated between 2016 and 2019. seventy-eight samples were positive for coronaviruses (15.2%), comprising 68 alphacoronaviruses (13.3%) and 10 betacoronaviruses (2.0%). the positive rates tended to increase during the awakening (apr ... | 2020 | 32473082 |
| role of pattern recognition receptors and interferon-beta in protecting bat cell lines from encephalomyocarditis virus and japanese encephalitis virus infection. | bats are potential natural hosts of encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) and japanese encephalitis virus (jev). bats appear to have some unique features in their innate immune system that inhibit viral replication causing limited clinical symptoms, and thus, contributing to the virus spill over to humans. here, kidney epithelial cell lines derived from four bat species (pteropus dasymallus, rousettus leschenaultii, rhinolophus ferrumequinum, and miniopterus fuliginosus) and two non-bat species (hom ... | 2020 | 32446351 |
| identification and characterization of a novel bat polyomavirus in japan. | a novel polyomavirus (pyv) was identified in the intestinal contents of japanese eastern bent-wing bats (miniopterus fuliginosus) via metagenomic analysis. we subsequently sequenced the full genome of the virus, which has been tentatively named miniopterus fuliginosus polyomavirus (mfpyv). the nucleotide sequence identity of the genome with those of other bat pyvs was less than 80%. phylogenetic analysis revealed that mfpyv belonged to the same cluster as pyvs detected in miniopterus schreibersi ... | 2020 | 32816186 |
| biosonar interpulse intervals and pulse-echo ambiguity in four species of echolocating bats. | in complex biosonar scenes, the delay of echoes represents the spatial distribution of objects in depth. to avoid overlap of echo streams from successive broadcasts, individual echolocation sounds should only be emitted after all echoes of previous sounds have returned. however, close proximity of obstacles demands rapid pulse updates for steering to avoid collisions, which often means emitting a new sound before all of the previous echoes have returned. when two echo streams overlap, there is a ... | 2019 | 30877230 |
| detection and phylogenetic analysis of bartonella species from bat flies on eastern bent-wing bats (miniopterus fuliginosus) in japan. | we examined bartonella prevalence in 281 bat flies collected from 114 eastern bent-wing bats (miniopterus fuliginosus) in japan and phylogenetically analyzed with other bat fly and bat strains. the bat flies were identified as penicilidia jenynsii (pj; n = 45), nycteribia allotopa (na; n = 157), and novel nycteribia species (ns; n = 79). bartonella dnas were detected in 31.7 % (89/281) of bat flies by pcr targeting the citrate synthase (glta) gene. the prevalence of bartonella dna among the bat ... | 2020 | 33129175 |
| isolation and genetic properties of bartonella in eastern bent-wing bats (miniopterus fuliginosus) in japan. | the prevalence and genetic characteristics of bartonella species in eastern bent-wing bats (miniopterus fuliginosus) from japan were investigated. bartonella bacteria were isolated from 12/50 (24%) of bats examined. analyses of sequence similarities of the citrate synthase gene (glta) and rna polymerase beta-subunit-encoding (rpob) gene indicated that the isolates from m. fuliginosus were distinct from those present in known bartonella species as the levels of similarity for both of the genes we ... | 2020 | 32380314 |
| innervation of the wing membrane in the bent-winged bat miniopterus fuliginosus. | the nerves that innervate the fingertips and wing membrane from the upper arm of the bent-winged bat miniopterus fuliginosus were examined under a stereomicroscope. the radial, median, ulnar and musculocutaneous nerves were formed by the brachial plexus, which ran to the wing membrane. the two suspected axillary nerves ran to the wing membrane. the radial nerve ran to the end of the first digit, while the median nerve ran along the forearm and subsequently branched-off to run along the second to ... | 2020 | 32281682 |
| trauma found to be a significant cause of death in a pathological investigation of bent-winged bats ( miniopterus orianae ). | determining the causes of mortality in endangered species is essential to understanding the possible reasons behind their decline and to facilitating the implementation of mitigating steps. the southern bent-winged bat (miniopterus orianae bassanii) is a critically endangered australian bat whose population numbers have decreased over the past 50 years. as part of a larger investigation to determine if disease could be a contributing factor to the decline, 27 southern bent-winged bats and one cl ... | 2020 | 31926529 |
| polychromophilus melanipherus and haemoplasma infections not associated with clinical signs in southern bent-winged bats (miniopterus orianae bassanii) and eastern bent-winged bats (miniopterus orianae oceanensis). | while bats are often viewed as carriers of infectious disease agents, little research has been conducted on the effects these pathogens may have on the bat populations themselves. the southern bent-winged bat (miniopterus orianae bassanii) is a critically endangered subspecies endemic to south-eastern australia. population numbers of this bat have declined over the past 50 years, but the reasons for this are unclear. as part of a larger study to determine if disease could be a contributing facto ... | 2019 | 30619705 |
| hearing sensitivity evaluated by the auditory brainstem response in miniopterus fuliginosus. | this study evaluated the hearing sensitivity of miniopterus fuliginosus, a frequency-modulating (fm) bat species, by measuring the auditory brainstem responses in the inferior colliculus. the average audiogram was u-shaped. the mean threshold decreased gradually as the frequency increased from 16 to 40 khz and then decreased rapidly as the frequency reached 46 khz, with the peak sensitivity occurring at the terminal portion of the echolocation pulse between frequencies of 44 and 56 khz. the shap ... | 2018 | 30522325 |
| ectoparasites are unlikely to be a primary cause of population declines of bent-winged bats in south-eastern australia. | while bats carry a diverse range of ectoparasites, little research has been conducted on the effects these organisms may have on bat populations. the southern bent-winged bat (miniopterus orianae bassanii) is a critically endangered subspecies endemic to south-eastern australia, whose numbers have declined over the past 50 years for unknown reasons. as part of a larger study to investigate the potential role of disease in these declines, southern bent-winged bats from four locations were capture ... | 2018 | 30425921 |
| encephalomyocarditis virus is potentially derived from eastern bent-wing bats living in east asian countries. | bats are reservoir hosts of many zoonotic viruses and identification of viruses that they carry is important. this study aimed to use high throughput screening to identify the viruses in fecal guano of taiwanese insectivorous bats caves in order to obtain more information on bat-derived pathogenic viruses in east asia. guano samples were collected from two caves in taiwan, pooled, and then subjected to multiplex pcr-based next generation sequencing for viral identification. subsequently, encepha ... | 2019 | 30391400 |
| adaptive frequency shifts of echolocation sounds in miniopterus fuliginosus according to the frequency-modulated pattern of jamming sounds. | when flying in a group, echolocating bats have to separate their own echoes from pulses and echoes belonging to other individuals to extract only the information necessary for their own navigation. previous studies have demonstrated that frequency-modulated (fm) bats change the terminal frequencies (tfs) of downward fm pulses under acoustic interference. however, it is not yet clear which acoustic characteristics of the jamming signals induce the tf shift according to the degree of acoustic inte ... | 2018 | 30322982 |
| two subspecies of bent-winged bats (miniopterus orianae bassanii and oceanensis) in southern australia have diverse fungal skin flora but not pseudogymnoascus destructans. | fungi are increasingly being documented as causing disease in a wide range of faunal species, including pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungus responsible for white nose syndrome which is having a devastating impact on bats in north america. the population size of the australian southern bent-winged bat (miniopterus orianae bassanii), a critically endangered subspecies, has declined over the past 50 years. as part of a larger study to determine whether disease could be a contributing factor to ... | 2018 | 30303979 |
| geographical variation in the echolocation calls of bent-winged bats, miniopterus fuliginosus. | evolutionary biologists had a long-standing interest in the evolutionary forces underlying geographical variation in the acoustic signals of animals. however, the evolutionary forces driving acoustic variation are still unclear. in this study, we quantified the geographical variation in the peak frequencies of echolocation calls in eight miniopterus fuliginosus bat colonies, and assessed the forces that drive acoustic divergence. our results demonstrated that seven of the colonies had very simil ... | 2018 | 29803625 |
| virus survey in populations of two subspecies of bent-winged bats (miniopterus orianae bassanii and oceanensis) in south-eastern australia reveals a high prevalence of diverse herpesviruses. | while bats are often viewed as carriers of infectious disease agents, little research has been conducted on the effects these potential pathogens may have on the bat populations themselves. the southern bent-winged bat (miniopterus orianae bassanii) is a critically endangered subspecies endemic to south-eastern australia. population numbers of this bat have been declining for the past 50 years, but the reasons for this are unclear. as part of a larger study to determine if disease could be a con ... | 2018 | 29795610 |