| sympatry between alouatta caraya and alouatta clamitans and the rediscovery of free-ranging potential hybrids in southern brazil. | records of sympatry between alouatta caraya and a. clamitans are rare despite their extensive range overlap. an example of their current sympatry and the rediscovery of free-ranging potential hybrids of a. caraya and a. clamitans in the forests of the upper paraná river, southern brazil, are reported in this paper. eight groups were observed in the study area: five monospecific groups of a. caraya, two of a. clamitans, and a group containing two adult males and two adult females of a. caraya and ... | 2007 | 17310403 |
| synteny of human chromosomes 14 and 15 in the platyrrhines (primates, platyrrhini). | in order to study the intra- and interspecific variability of the 14/15 association in platyrrhini, we analyzed 15 species from 13 genera, including species that had not been described yet. the dna libraries of human chromosomes 14 and 15 were hybridized to metaphases of alouatta guariba clamitans, a. caraya, a. sara, ateles paniscus chamek, lagothrix lagothricha, brachyteles arachnoides, saguinus midas midas, leontopithecus chrysomelas, callimico goeldii, callithrix sp., cebus apella, aotus nig ... | 2009 | 21637455 |
| observations on the female internal reproductive organs of the brown howler monkey (alouatta guariba clamitans). | alouatta guariba clamitans (brown howler monkey) is an endemic primate from the southeastern brazil tropical forests, classified as near threatened by the iucn red list 2007. the genus alouatta is one of the most difficult new world monkeys to breed and rear in captivity. in this study we examined the macroscopic and histological aspects of the female genital tract of wild brown howler monkeys to provide baseline information for future reproduction research. the anatomical relationship between t ... | 2009 | 19006197 |
| infant hybrids in a newly formed mixed-species group of howler monkeys (alouatta guariba clamitans and alouatta caraya) in northeastern argentina. | natural hybridisation between species has been reported in several primate taxa. in the neotropics, there is increasing evidence of this phenomenon in howler monkeys (genus alouatta) in contact zones between species. we describe the first known case of formation of a mixed-species group, and two cases of putative infant hybrids between the brown howler (alouatta guariba clamitans) and the black howler (a. caraya) in misiones, argentina. for 2 years, we followed a group consisting of one adult ma ... | 2008 | 18855099 |
| survey of alouatta caraya, the black-and-gold howler monkey, and alouatta guariba clamitans, the brown howler monkey, in a contact zone, state of rio grande do sul, brazil: evidence for hybridization. | sympatry and natural hybridization between howler monkey taxa (alouatta spp.) has only recently being confirmed in the wild. surveys in areas of potential contact between the distribution of two taxa have shown that sympatry is rare, although more common than previously known. here we report the results of a survey conducted in a contact zone between the only two sexually dichromatic howler monkey taxa, alouatta caraya and a. guariba clamitans, in são francisco de assis, state of rio grande do s ... | 2008 | 18654738 |
| natural plasmodium infections in brazilian wild monkeys: reservoirs for human infections? | four hundred and forty-eight samples of total blood from wild monkeys living in areas where human autochthonous malaria cases have been reported were screened for the presence of plasmodium using microscopy and pcr analysis. samples came from the following distinct ecological areas of brazil: atlantic forest (n=140), semideciduous atlantic forest (n=257) and cerrado (a savannah-like habitat) (n=51). thick and thin blood smears of each specimen were examined and plasmodium infection was screened ... | 2008 | 18620330 |
| contexts of rubbing behavior in alouatta guariba clamitans: a scent-marking role? | rubbing behaviors are well known in several primate species and are usually seen as scent-marking behaviors, with several functions proposed but still widely debated. the genus alouatta is highly sexually dimorphic and a suitable subject for the study of sexual and hierarchical divergences associated with rubbing behavior: males should mark more than females, and dominant individuals more than subordinate ones. three wild groups of southern brown howler monkeys, alouatta guariba clamitans, were ... | 2008 | 18322929 |
| the roaring of southern brown howler monkeys (alouatta guariba clamitans) as a mechanism of active defence of borders. | our study aimed to understand the function(s) of roars of southern brown howler monkeys (alouatta guariba clamitans). the study group called almost exclusively on its range borders and preferentially on early mornings, but with no dawn peak. intergroup encounters were associated with 88% of all sessions. predation deterrence and regulation of access to mating partners do not seem compatible with our findings, but more work is needed to reject the latter hypothesis. their roars seem to be related ... | 2007 | 17641481 |
| yellow fever impact on brown howler monkeys (alouatta guariba clamitans) in argentina: a metamodelling approach based on population viability analysis and epidemiological dynamics. | in south america, yellow fever (yf) is an established infectious disease that has been identified outside of its traditional endemic areas, affecting human and nonhuman primate (nhp) populations. in the epidemics that occurred in argentina between 2007-2009, several outbreaks affecting humans and howler monkeys (alouatta spp) were reported, highlighting the importance of this disease in the context of conservation medicine and public health policies. considering the lack of information about yf ... | 2015 | 26517499 |
| two cases of polydactyly in wild brown howler monkeys (alouatta guariba clamitans). | we report the first two cases of polydactyly in an atelid species: (i) a wild ca. 16-week-old infant female presenting seven digits in both feet and other bone malformations and (ii) a wild newborn male presenting six digits in both feet with the extra digit fused to the hallux. | 2016 | 26689726 |
| dental disorders in brown howler monkeys (alouatta guariba clamitans) maintained in captivity. | the aim of this study was to investigate dental disorders of brown howler monkeys maintained in captivity. the hypothesis is that the identification and diagnosis of the lesions may contribute to control and prevention. | 2016 | 26787357 |
| feeding strategies of brown howler monkeys in response to variations in food availability. | primates display varying degrees of behavioral flexibility that allow them to adjust their diet to temporal changes in food availability. this trait might be critical for the survival of folivorous-frugivorous species inhabiting small forest fragments, where the availability of food resources tends to be lower than in large fragments and continuous forests. however, the scarcity of studies addressing this issue hampers our understanding of the adaptive behaviors that favor the survival of these ... | 2016 | 26848959 |
| first new world primate papillomavirus identification in the atlantic forest, brazil: alouatta guariba papillomavirus 1. | we report here the complete genome sequence of the first papillomavirus detected in a new world primate, howler monkey, alouatta guariba clamitans papillomavirus 1 (agpv1), from the atlantic forest in são paulo state, brazil. | 2016 | 27540053 |
| ovarian cycle of southern brown howler monkey (alouatta guariba clamitans) through fecal progestin measurement. | the ovarian cycle in howler monkeys (genus alouatta) has beean investigated through several biological parameters (ranging between 16.3 and 29.5 days); however, no data exist concerning the ovarian activity of the southern brown howler monkey (alouatta guariba clamitans). this study aimed to describe the ovarian cycle of a. g. clamitans by profiling fecal progestin concentrations. over 20 weeks, fecal samples of eight captive adult females of a. g. clamitans were collected. the collections were ... | 2017 | 27541307 |
| fruit availability drives the distribution of a folivorous-frugivorous primate within a large forest remnant. | understanding the ecological factors that influence the presence, abundance, and distribution of species within their habitats is critical for ensuring their long-term conservation. in the case of primary consumers, such as most primates, the availability and richness of plant foods are considered key drivers of population density at these variables influence the spatial distribution of social units within a finer, habitat patch level scale. we tested the hypothesis that the spatiotemporal avail ... | 2017 | 28118499 |
| trypanoxyuris (trypanoxyuris) minutus (schneider, 1866) among alouatta guariba clamitans (cabrera, 1940) in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | this study reports on infection by trypanoxyuris (trypanoxyuris) minutus among alouatta guariba clamitans through biometry on adults and eggs. a total of 58 adult helminths were recovered from the small segment of the animal's large intestine. this study is the first report of this parasite among a. guariba clamitans in rio de janeiro. | 2017 | 28349584 |
| wild mixed groups of howler species (alouatta caraya and alouatta clamitans) and new evidence for their hybridization. | mixed species groups and hybridization are common among primates, yet these phenomena are rare and poorly understood for the genus alouatta. in this study, we describe the composition of howler groups in a sympatric area of alouatta caraya and alouatta clamitans and provide new evidence for the occurrence of interspecific hybridization. between october 2006 and april 2007, 11 howler groups were located in a 150-ha forest fragment: two monospecific groups of a. caraya, two monospecific groups of ... | 2008 | 17938857 |
| chromosomal localization of the telomeric (ttaggg)n sequence in eight species of new world primates (neotropical primates, platyrrhini). | chromosomal localization of the telomeric sequence (ttaggg)(n) in eight new world primates (platyrrhini) (alouatta caraya, alouatta palliata, alouatta guariba clamitans, aotus azarae, ateles chamek, cebus nigritus, cebus paraguayanus, and saimiri boliviensis) using fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) with a peptide nucleic acid (pna) pantelomeric probe and their possible relationship with the c-banding pattern were analyzed. fish showed telomeric signals only at the terminal regions of chr ... | 2007 | 18253032 |
| hybridization between alouatta caraya and alouatta guariba clamitans in captivity. | hybridization between alouatta spp. has been suggested at contact zones of a. palliata and a. pigra in mexico and of a. caraya and a. guariba clamitans in brazil and argentina. whereas genetic data confirmed hybridization between the former pair of species, hybrid individuals of the latter pair have been putatively identified on the basis of a mosaic pelage color. in this paper, we describe the first confirmed cases of hybridization between a female a. guariba clamitans and a male a. caraya. one ... | 2010 | 20217179 |
| the evaluation of enteric viruses in asymptomatic free-ranging non-human primates (alouatta guariba clamitans, alouatta caraya, callithrix spp., callithrix penicillata, and leontopithecus caissara) in southern brazil. | this study evaluated the presence of rotavirus groups a, b, and c (rv-a, rv-b, and rv-c), sapovirus (sav), and norovirus (nov) in asymptomatic non-human primates (nhp). | 2012 | 22889190 |
| plasmodium simium/plasmodium vivax infections in southern brown howler monkeys from the atlantic forest. | blood infection by the simian parasite, plasmodium simium, was identified in captive (n = 45, 4.4%) and in wild alouatta clamitans monkeys (n = 20, 35%) from the atlantic forest of southern brazil. a single malaria infection was symptomatic and the monkey presented clinical and haematological alterations. a high frequency of plasmodium vivax-specific antibodies was detected among these monkeys, with 87% of the monkeys testing positive against p. vivax antigens. these findings highlight the possi ... | 2014 | 25099335 |
| plasmodium simium, a plasmodium vivax-related malaria parasite: genetic variability of duffy binding protein ii and the duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines. | plasmodium simium is a parasite from new world monkeys that is most closely related to the human malaria parasite plasmodium vivax; it also naturally infects humans. the blood-stage infection of p. vivax depends on duffy binding protein ii (pvdbpii) and its cognate receptor on erythrocytes, the duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (hdarc), but there is no information on the p. simium erythrocytic invasion pathway. the genes encoding p. simium dbp (psdbpii) and simian darc (sdarc) were sequenced ... | 2015 | 26107662 |
| detection of plasmodium in faeces of the new world primate alouatta clamitans. | plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax have evolved with host switches between non-human primates (nhps) and humans. studies on the infection dynamics of plasmodium species in nhps will improve our understanding of the evolution of these parasites; however, such studies are hampered by the difficulty of handling animals in the field. the aim of this study was to detect genomic dna of plasmodium species from the faeces of new world monkeys. faecal samples from 23 alouatta clamitans from the c ... | 2016 | 27580347 |
| detection of etiological agents of malaria in howler monkeys from atlantic forests, rescued in regions of são paulo city, brazil. | in some states of the brazilian extra-amazonian region, such as the atlantic forest area, autochthonous human cases of malaria were related to simian malarias and vice versa. | 2011 | 21933192 |
| impact of yellow fever outbreaks on two howler monkey species (alouatta guariba clamitans and a. caraya) in misiones, argentina. | two yellow fever outbreaks (yfos) occurred in northeastern argentina between november 2007 and october 2008, seriously affecting populations of two howler monkey species: the brown howler alouatta guariba clamitans and the black howler alouatta caraya. both howlers live syntopically in el piñalito provincial park, misiones, where four groups (36 individuals) were studied since january 2005. the first dead howlers were found on january 20, 2008, in el piñalito. systematic searches found 14 dead h ... | 2010 | 20095025 |
| are howler monkey species ecologically equivalent? trophic niche overlap in syntopic alouatta guariba clamitans and alouatta caraya. | according to the principle of competitive exclusion, niche differentiation allows the stable coexistence of closely related species. we analyzed dietary profile and diversity, and dietary overlap between syntopic brown howlers (br; alouatta guariba clamitans) and black and gold howlers (blg; a. caraya) in the atlantic forest of ne argentina, with the objective of evaluating the degree of trophic niche overlap and potential interspecific competition for food. during 12 months, we collected data o ... | 2010 | 19953557 |
| effects of local habitat variation on the behavioral ecology of two sympatric groups of brown howler monkey (alouatta clamitans). | although the brown howler monkey (alouatta clamitans) is a relatively well-studied neotropical primate, its behavioral and dietary flexibility at the intra-population level remains poorly documented. this study presents data collected on the behavior and ecology of two closely located groups of brown howlers during the same period at the rppn feliciano miguel abdala in southeastern brazil. one group occupied a primary valley habitat, henceforth the valley group (vg), and the other group occupied ... | 2015 | 26147203 |
| parturition and potential infanticide in free-ranging alouatta guariba clamitans. | parturition is a key process of mammalian reproduction that is rarely documented in new world monkeys because it often occurs at night. however, diurnal births have been recorded in several species. in howler monkeys (alouatta spp.) they have often been observed during prolonged resting periods. similarly, infanticide is a behavior observed quite infrequently. infanticide in howler monkeys is often inferred from infant deaths or disappearances after group takeovers by nonresident male(s). here w ... | 2015 | 25739583 |
| genotyping of giardia duodenalis from southern brown howler monkeys (alouatta clamitans) from brazil. | giardia duodenalis is a widespread intestinal protozoan that can infect humans and animals, both domestic and wild. independent of host, infections present with the same symptoms. however, based on host specificity, giardia isolates have been grouped into genotypes a to g. parasites of assemblage a and b are known to infect humans, in addition to primates and a wide variety of mammals. in brazil, hitherto giardia genotypes were defined only for humans and domestic animals. to evaluate the genoty ... | 2008 | 18834669 |
| dietary flexibility of the brown howler monkey throughout its geographic distribution. | habitat loss and fragmentation constrain the survival of most forest-living mammals, particularly strictly arboreal primates. because fragment size directly affects food availability, primate survival in small fragments may depend on dietary flexibility. here, we review the literature on the diet of 29 wild groups of alouatta guariba clamitans inhabiting forest fragments in brazil and argentina. we identify general feeding patterns and analyze the influence of fragment size and latitude on diet ... | 2013 | 22972605 |
| [occurrence of trypanoxyuris (trypanoxyuris) minutus (schneider, 1866) (nematoda, oxyuridae) in alouatta guariba clamitans cabrera, 1940 (primates, atelidae) in minas gerais, brazil]. | this study aims to register the occurrence of trypanoxyuris (trypanoxyuris) minutus in alouatta guariba clamitans, in minas gerais state, brazil. two specimens of a. guariba clamitans, died accidentally, have been necropsied for parasitological studies. only the large intestine and caecum were infected by t. minutus. the parasitism intensity was 6650 parasites and the density was 2.6 parasites/cm3 of large intestine. in the caecum, the mean intensity was 6753 +/- 490.73 parasites, with mean dens ... | 2010 | 20624351 |
| transverse lie with prolapsed arm in a female red-howler monkey (alouatta guariba clamitans - cabrera, 1940). | this study focuses on a case of a red-howler monkey (alouatta guariba clamitans) which was found with a fetus in a transverse lie position with a prolapsed arm. the topic of this research is well justified as there are no data on this condition involving this type of non-human primate in literature. in this study, a red-howler monkey was observed by locals pulling at her pelvic region for 3 days near a farm. on the third day, the monkey was found lying on the ground at which point she offered no ... | 2016 | 27194635 |
| first case report of non-human primates (alouatta clamitans) with the hypervirulent klebsiella pneumoniae serotype k1 strain st 23: a possible emerging wildlife pathogen. | hypervirulent strain of klebsiella pneumoniae genotype k1 isolates have recently emerged, causing severe pyogenic liver abscess complicated by devastating metastatic infections in humans. | 2017 | 28809435 |
| genome analysis of yellow fever virus of the ongoing outbreak in brazil reveals polymorphisms. | the current yellow fever outbreak in brazil is the most severe one in the country in recent times. it has rapidly spread to areas where yf virus (yfv) activity has not been observed for more than 70 years and vaccine coverage is almost null. here, we sequenced the whole yfv genome of two naturally infected howler-monkeys (alouatta clamitans) obtained from the municipality of domingos martins, state of espírito santo, brazil. these two ongoing-outbreak genome sequences are identical. they cluster ... | 2017 | 28591405 |
| cytogenetic characterization of brown howler monkeys, alouatta guariba clamitans (atelidae, platyrrhini): meiotic confirmation of an x1x1x2x2x3x3/x1x2x3y1y2 sex chromosome system. | for brown howler monkeys (alouatta guariba clamitans), diploid chromosome numbers varying from 2n = 45 to 2n = 52, with xx/xy, x1x1x2x2/x1x2y, and x1x1x2x2x3x3/x1x2x3y1y2 sex chromosome systems have been described by mitotic studies but still await confirmation by meiotic analyses. we analyzed 3 male individuals sampled in the wild (in the municipality of santa maria, rs, brazil) as well as 1 male and 1 female individual in captivity at the são braz breeding center. peripheral blood samples and ... | 2017 | 28402969 |