| [ecological aspects of american tegumentary leishmaniasis: 8. evaluation of the enzootic activity of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, in forest and peridomiciliary environments of the ribeira valley region, são paulo state, brazil]. | the evidence of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in the non-forest environment in the ribeira valley region, são paulo, brazil, has made this epidemiologic four years' study possible, viewing the enzootic activity of l. (v.) braziliensis. furthermore, the natural infection in small mammals and the domestic dog population has been completed in collecting of phlebotomine sandflies in the forest and peridomiciliar environments. positive test-results have only been found in resident dogs (ca ... | 1990 | 2095626 |
| chicken house as a resting site of sandflies in rio de janeiro, brazil. | during studies on the biology of sandflies in itaipu, rio de janeiro state day catches were performed in a chicken house. species such lutzomyia intermedia, l. migonei and l. fischeri use the chicken house as refuge for blood digestion before moving for a better place to lay eggs. there is no evidence that chicken coop is a breeding site for those sandflies in the area. | 1991 | 1841199 |
| phlebotomine sandfly species in paraguay and their infection with leishmania. | nine species of sandflies, lutzomyia (nyssomyia) whitmani (antunes and countinho), lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (lutz and neiva), lutzomyia (psathyromyia) shannoni (dyar), lutzomyia migonei (franca), lutzomyia (pintomyia) fischeri (pinto), lutzomyia (pintomyia) pessoai (countinho and barretto), lutzomyia cortelezzii (brethes), lutzomyia walkeri (newstead) and lutzomyia (trichopygomyia) longispinus (mangabeira), were caught, by human bait and shannon trap, in four areas of paraguay hyper-ende ... | 1992 | 1417209 |
| studies on sandfly fauna (diptera: psychodidae) in a foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in mesquita, rio de janeiro state, brazil. | in a study on vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in mesquita, rio de janeiro state, brazil, eleven species of sandflies were found: lutzomyia longipalpis, l. fischeri, l. quinquefer, l. intermedia, l. whitmani, l. shannoni, l. cortelezzii, l. edwardsi, l. migonei, l. lanei and l. firmatoi. lutzomyia intermedia was the predominant species. it was collected indoors but in much higher numbers outdoors, in the close vicinity of houses. in comparative captures it was found to feed more frequently on ... | 1990 | 2215232 |
| development of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis vianna, 1911 in lutzomyia intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) (diptera:psychodidae:phlebotominae) under experimental conditions. | the development of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in experimentally infected lutzomyia intermedia, showed colonization of the hindgut from 48 h after the infective blood-meal, and the migration of flagellates to the foregut, with a massive infection of the cardia at the 5th day post infection. up to 10 days following the infective blood-meal, very few parasites were seen in the pharynx and cibarium. the role of l. intermedia as a vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis is discussed according to the ... | 1992 | 1308569 |
| [findings of phlebotominae (diptera: psychodidae) in the southern coast of the state of são paulo, brazil]. | five species of phlebotomine sandflies were caught on the southern part of the coast of s. paulo, brazil. cdc-light and shannon traps were used, as well as human-bait, during two investigations into culicidae mosquitoes. lutzomyia intermedia and l. flaviscutellata were found among those sandflies. the localities investigated were swampy environments and scant human cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis have been notified there. both situations suggest the autochthonous nature of the human cases regis ... | 1990 | 2103650 |
| an outbreak of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmania braziliensis braziliensis) in a periurban area of rio de janeiro city, brazil: clinical and epidemiological studies. | from july 1984 to september 1986, 105 cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis were studied in a locality closely situated to an urbanized area of the city of rio de janeiro, brazil. settlement in this area was established at least 20 years ago but the first cases were noted six months prior to the beginning of this study. cases were almost exclusively cutaneous and ulcerated, with one to six months of evolution. montenegro's skin tests were positive in all cases and anti-leishmania antibodies ... | 1988 | 3271941 |
| [phlebotomus of vargem grande, a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of rio de janeiro]. | in vargem grande, an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in state of rio de janeiro, where lutzomyia intermedia had been found infected with leishmania braziliensis, we performed a series of captures of sandflies to increase the knowledge on their behaviour. the following species were found among 8,671 sandflies collected: l. intermedia, l. migonei, l. longipalpis, l. lanei, l. fischeri, l. firmatoi, l. monticola, l. schreiberi, l. whitmani, l. pelloni, l. barrettoi e l. (pi) sp. inside hous ... | 1986 | 3574131 |
| lutzomyia intermedia as a suspected vector of leishmania viannia braziliensis in bahia state, brazil. | | 1990 | 2133592 |
| [ruralization of lutzomyia intermedia, a possible case of pre-adaptation]. | | 1986 | 3749772 |
| [natural infection of lutzomyia intermedia lutz & neiva, 1912, in an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis of rio de janeiro]. | in a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in jacarepaguá, rio de janeiro, one specimen of lutzomyia intermedia was found naturally infected with leishmania braziliensis. | 1984 | 6535924 |
| zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis associated with domestic animals in venezuela and brazil. | after outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis in solano state, venezuela, 5% of the population had parasitized ulcers while after similar outbreaks in mesquita, rio de janeiro state, brazil, 9% had the disease. in these foci children, including some under six years of age, were affected. there was no significant difference in the occurrence of the disease according to sex or type of employment. in solano, 3% of dogs and 28% of donkeys had parasitized lesions, while in mesquita these indices were 19 ... | 1989 | 2319948 |
| [biology of lutzomyia intermedia lutz & neiva, 1912 and lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & neiva, 1912 (diptera, psychodidae), under experimental conditions. i. feeding aspects of larvae and adults]. | to improve our knowledge on the breeding and behaviour of sandflies in captivity, we established closed colonies of lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia longipalpis. data are here presented on the feeding preferences of larvae and adults and their influence on the development and survival of each species. fish food is accepted by the larvae of both species; it is easily available, unexpensive and does not encourage the growth of fungi. the larvae of both species, in all stages accepted food of veg ... | 1986 | 3613978 |
| [ecologic aspects of american tegumentary leishmaniasis. 6. anthropophillic phlebotomus fauna of residual forests located in the northeastern region of the state of são paulo, brazil]. | this report shows the phlebotomine vectorial role in the endemic cutaneous leishmaniasis situated in the middle and north-eastern region of the são paulo, brazil. analysis of information encloses a sandfly man-biting fauna of four different patches of residual forest. so, using the human-bait and shannon trap for a period of one year we have caught 16,869 sandflies. the predominance of lutzomyia intermedia (85.6%) was clear. moreover, the low density of lutzomyia whitmani and lutzomyia pessoai a ... | 1989 | 2814202 |
| ecoepidemiological aspects of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of são paulo, brazil. | the aim of this study is to review some of the ecoepidemiological aspects of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) in the state of são paulo, brazil. during the first half of this century acl occurred in são paulo, predominantly on the bank of the tietê river, where there were railroad constructions and there was inevitable contact between workers and forested areas. man's activities resulted in a drastic reduction of the forested regions of the state and molded the present landscape found in s ... | 1994 | 7476228 |
| development of colombian isolates of leishmania (viannia) panamensis, le. (v.) guyanensis and le. (v.) braziliensis in the sandfly lutzomyia intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) under experimental conditions. | the development of colombian leishmania species of the subgenus viannia in lutzomyia intermedia was similar to that observed with brazilian le. (v.) braziliensis: colonization of the pylorus by paramastigotes; promastigotes in the midgut and massive infection of stomodeal valve. difference was observed in the number of paramastigotes colonizing the pylorus, which was smaller in colombian leishmania species than brazilian le. braziliensis. | 1993 | 8139462 |
| [preliminary results of a project about the ecology of phlebotomus vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of bahia]. | preliminary data of a project about the ecology of the phlebotominae (sandflies) in a tegumentary leishmaniasis area of coconut plantation in the south of the state of bahia, brazil are presented. there are 60 dwellings far of one another, where existed 31 dogs and 229 inhabitants. among them 41.5% were montenegro positive; 37.5% from these had scars of healed ulcers and 8.8% had active ulcers. 53% of the house had dogs from which 22% were seropositive; from the 7 dogs with ulcers only 3 were se ... | 1996 | 8713612 |
| [outbreak of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in itaporanga, são paulo (brazil)]. | an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a small rural settlement, located in the southern of são paulo state-brazil was observed. this region has basic agricultural activities, and has no forests. two hundred and thirty one persons were evaluated, and the following aspects were observed. 1) 67 individuals (29%) had skin lesions, confirmed by histopathologic study and the montenegro skin test; 2) of these cases, 40 (59.7%) were males; 3) the youngest patients were 2 years (5 cases), and the old ... | 1993 | 8115812 |
| deforestation: effects on vector-borne disease. | this review addresses changes in the ecology of vectors and epidemiology of vector-borne diseases which result from deforestation. selected examples are considered from viral and parasitic infections (arboviruses, malaria, the leishmaniases, filariases, chagas disease and schistosomiasis) where disease patterns have been directly or indirectly influenced by loss of natural tropical forests. a wide range of activities have resulted in deforestation. these include colonisation and settlement, tran ... | 1993 | 8488073 |
| [american cutaneous leishmaniasis: sandflies from the transmission area in the town of teodoro sampaio, the southeastern region of são paulo state, brazil]. | sandflies were captured in a secondary forest zone in the county of teodoro sampaio, são paulo, during 12 months as from may 1994. two houses located respectively at 240 m and 850 m from the semi-deciduous forest were selected. night center of disease control trap captures were performed fortnightly from twilight to dawn intradomiciliarily, in the edge and the interior of the forest and in the peridomicile of each one of the houses. captures were realized as well in the peridomicile using shanno ... | 1998 | 9662962 |
| [geographic distribution of phlebotomine sandflies of the lutzomyia intermedia (lutz & leiva, 1912) complex (diptera, psychodidae)]. | the geographical distribution of phlebotomine sandflies of the lutzomyia intermedia complex is presented, based in collections for this study and in personal informations from other workers and bibliography. the subject is discussed, in relation to climate and to altitude and latitude. lutzomyia intermedia s.s. was found in smaller altitudes and latitudes than lutzomyia neivai; the last species seems to be better adapted to colder and drier climates than the first. | 1998 | 9477698 |
| introgression between lutzomyia intermedia and both lu. neivai and lu. whitmani, and their roles as vectors of leishmania braziliensis. | | 1997 | 9509190 |
| [phlebotomine sandflies and domestic animals interaction and lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) predominance in an area with a high level of anthropy, in southern brazil]. | information on phlebotomine collections in an area with a high level of human interference, in s. jorge do ivaí county, paraná state, southern brazil, is reported. lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) was the dominant species. the number of sandflies in domiciles decreased sharply in the second period of collection. this occurred because a pigsty was moved to a distance of approximately 100 meters from the houses by and because the basement of one the houses was cleaned out. | 1997 | 9629730 |
| [sandflies (diptera, psychodidae) from an endemic leishmaniasis area in the cerrado region of the state of maranhão, brazil]. | this article presents a list of ten sandfly species from the genus lutzomyia frança, 1924 found in the counties of aldeias altas, capinzal do norte, caxias, codó, coelho neto, timbiras, timon and tuntum in northeastern maranhão, brazil. presence of sandflies was associated with cases of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. some 377 specimens were captured indoors with cdc light traps and 1491 specimens in the peridomicile. the species were: lutzomyia cortelezii, lutzomyia evandroi, lutzomyia go ... | 1999 | 10502159 |
| [regional and interspecific variations in the morphology of insects of the lutzomyia intermedia complex (diptera, psychodidae, phlebotominae)]. | lutzomyia intermedia s. s. and l. neivai, usually considered as belonging to just one species, constitute a complex of species. the measurements of several anatomical structures of specimens of both groups, from brazil, paraguay, argentina and bolivia were analysed. | 1998 | 10349143 |
| domesticity of lutzomyia whitmani (diptera: psychodidae) populations: field experiments indicate behavioural differences. | the sandfly lutzomyia whitmani (antunes & coutinho) is an important vector for cutaneous leishmaniasis throughout much of brazil, and has recently been shown to consist of more than one mitochondrial lineage. it has frequently been asserted that the degree of adaptation of l. whitmani to human environments varies across its range. as a standardized test of indoor feeding for three geographically distant populations of l. whitmani, catches inside experimental chicken sheds of varying degrees of w ... | 2000 | 10948362 |
| american cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak, tartagal city, province of salta, argentina, 1993. | an american cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak, with cases clustering during 1993 in tartagal city, salta, was reported. the outbreak involved 102 individuals, 43.1% of them with multiple ulcers. age (mean: 33 years old) and sex distribution of cases (74.5% males), as well as working activity (70 forest-related), support the hypothesis of classical forest transmission leishmaniasis, despite the fact that the place of permanent residence was in periurban tartagal. moreover, during july, sandflies w ... | 2001 | 11340485 |
| [outbreak of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in canoa, santo amaro, bahia, brazil]. | an outbreak of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) was detected in the village of canoa in 1993. a prospective observational study was outlined to determine the frequency rates and to clinically characterize the disease. a total of 555 people were followed up. there were 29 cases of acl, 11 cases of probably previous acl (scars) and 529 healthy individuals. of these 529 individuals, 65 had a positive montenegro reaction without any present or past evidence of leishmaniasis. the prevalence of ... | 1999 | 10881082 |
| american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) in rio de janeiro state, brazil: main clinical and epidemiologic characteristics. | rio de janeiro state in brazil is an endemic area of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) induced by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. objective our purpose was to describe the main clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of the disease in rio de janeiro state. | 2000 | 10940114 |
| study of a cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak in general vedia, province of chaco, 1996. | between march and july 1996, a focalized epidemic outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in general vedia, province of chaco, associated to the gallery forest of the oro river was verified. the incidence rate in the area, which was 0-2/000 cases in preceding years, reached 8/000 cases in 1996. the risk of symptomatic infection was similar between sexes, but was different when analyzing the different age groups by sex, suggesting a greater relative importance of the peridomestic transmission for the ... | 2001 | 11340484 |
| [study of the vectorial competence of lutzomyia intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) for leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, vianna, 1911]. | this paper investigated the vectorial competence of lutzomyia intermedia (diptera: psychodidae) in vale do ribeira (sp) to strains of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae), by means of a search for natural infection; exposure of wild and colonized females (f1) to the lesions of experimentally infected hamsters and transmission tests by bite. the natural infection and the transmission tests were negative. in the exposures of lu. intermedia to infected lesions we fou ... | 2001 | 11391441 |
| phlebotomine sandfly responses to carbon dioxide and human odour in the field. | responses of lutzomyia sandflies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) to carbon dioxide (co2) and human odour were investigated by field experiments in parana state, southern brazil. catches of two predominant species: lu. intermedia (antunes & coutinho) and lu. whitmani lutz & neiva, were compared between traps baited with a human adult or with co2 emitted at the human-equivalent rate. when the baits were only 40 cm apart, no difference of attractiveness was detected. when baits were separated ... | 2001 | 11434546 |
| [tegumentary leishmaniasis in area with epidemic levels of transmission, salta, argentina, 1998]. | the incidence of tegumentary leishmaniasis increased in october 1997, in an area close to oran city, province of salta. the leishmaniasis' epidemiology and the entomology of this outbreak were studied during june 1998 at paraje las carmelitas and río blanco, places with high reported incidence. the prevalence of infection (montenegro skin test reactive) was 171/1000 inhabitants in paraje las carmelitas and 790/1000 in río blanco, while the rates of leishmaniasis' incidence (active ulcers) were 7 ... | 2001 | 11474875 |
| development of lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) larvae in different diets. | the objective of this research was to evaluate, in laboratory, the development of lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) larvae, vectors of leishmaniasis in brazil, in the following diets: industrialized food for rabbits, dogs, hamsters and aquarium fishes, besides liver powder, cooked lettuce, wheat germ, beer yeast, oat, wheat bran and a diet denominated aged food. except wheat bran for l. intermedia, all diets provided adequate development for bot ... | 2002 | 11706567 |
| ecological aspects of phebotomine (diptera, psychodidae) in an endemic area of tegumentary leishmaniasis in the northeastern argentina, 1993-1998. | the first epidemic tegumentary leishmaniasiś outbreak in the province of misiones was recorded in 1998, in the locality of puerto esperanza. phlebotominae collected in the region, previously or simultaneously to the outbreak (september 1993-december 1998) showed that the species lutzomyia intermedia s. l. was prevalent (94%, n 6,150) at all the sites sampled with miniature light trap (10) and shannon trap (3). l. pessoai, l. whitmani, l. migonei, l. shannoni, l. fischeri, l. misionensis, brumpto ... | 2002 | 12016436 |
| epidemiological studies of an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the rio jequitinhonha valley, minas gerais, brazil. | we detected an outbreak of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the jequitinhonha river valley, minas gerais, brazil. clinical and epidemiological aspects were studied for a period of two years. data include results of physical examinations, montenegro skin test and serology. in total 72 of the 299 individuals evaluated presented active lesions. only one case out of these 72 patients showed the mucosal form of the disease. the precarious sanitary conditions, low educational level and low income f ... | 2002 | 11801221 |
| influence of the lunar cycle on the activity of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae). | the influence of lunar phases on the activity of phlebotomine sand flies was evaluated in viçosa, minas gerais, brazil. the insects were collected by illuminated shannon traps and falcão light traps, between 1830 and 2230 h on 44 nights, divided between the dry and rainy seasons, and among each of the 4 lunar phases. a total of 888 sand flies was collected, belonging to 10 lutzomyia species. the dominant species in both seasons of the year and in all lunar phases was lutzomyia intermedia. a sign ... | 2002 | 12083353 |
| distribution of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) at different altitudes in an endemic region of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of espírito santo, brazil. | the involvement of different sand fly species in the transmission of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) at different altitudes was evaluated in the municipality of afonso cláudio in the state of espírito santo, brazil, from november 1995 to february 1997. cdc light traps and shannon traps baited with human volunteers were hung simultaneously at three altitudes of a river valley: (a) 650-750 m in an area of active acl transmission; (b) 750-850 m in a transitional area; and (c) 850-950 m in an ... | 2001 | 11784923 |
| ecology of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | a study of the sand fly fauna was carried out in the endemic area ofamerican cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) in the municipality of mesquita, state of rio de janeiro, in an area where dwellings (with humans and dogs infected by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis) have been recently visited by sloths. weekly captures were made during two consecutive years in two different sites (1 m and 600 m above sea level) and in three different habitats in each site (domestic, extra-domestic and sylvatic) using ... | 2002 | 12546456 |
| [correlation of the presence of phlebotominae species (diptera: psichodidae) with records of american tegumentary leishmaniasis cases in the state of são paulo, brazil]. | the study used environmental parameters associated with standardized coefficients incidence of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) in the state of sao paulo, brazil, between 1986 and 1995. in the 140 municipalities with leishmaniasis transmission, the entomological collection of sandflies showed the most frequent species collected in the domestic environment: lutzomyia intermedia was present in 87.7% of the surveyed municipalities, l. whitmani in 53.6%, l. migonei in 49.7%, l. pessoai in 28 ... | 2002 | 12170323 |
| [epidemic outbreak of tegumentary leishmaniasis in puerto esperanza, misiones, 1998]. | the province of misiones reported 205 leishmaniasis cases during 1998, 98% of them from the locality of puerto esperanza. the reports of puerto esperanza hospital (january to september 1998) for leishmaniasis were analysed (n: 129). the mainly reported lesion was the single cutaneous ulcer (97.2%), localized in the inferior limbs (72.5%), without any mucosa involvement. the results are consistent with the knowledge from other argentinean leishmaniasis foci due to leishmania (v.) braziliensis. th ... | 2001 | 11563164 |
| seasonality of lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia whitmani (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae), occurring sympatrically in area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia whitmani occur sympatrically in the district of posse, municipality of petrópolis, in the state of rio de janeiro (114 km from the city of rio de janeiro), where sand flies were captured weekly for three consecutive years in both the peridomicile and forest, in two first years from 18:00 to 22:00 h, using a shannon trap and cdc light traps. the anthropophilic habit was assessed by recording the specimens that bit the human captors. considering the different cap ... | 2002 | 12386692 |
| [phlebotominae (diptera: psychodidae) in area of transmission of american tegumentar leishmaniasis in the north coast of the state of são paulo, brazil]. | fourteen, 30 and 104 cases of american tegumentary leishmaniasis were recorded respectively, in 1993, 1994 and 1995, in the coast region of são paulo state. aiming to characterize the fauna and seasonal and hourly distributions of the phlebotominic species, adult specimens were captured fortnightly between november/95 and december/96. cdc light traps were used as of dusk intradomiciliarly, peridomiciliarly and in the forest for 12 hours. from the same moment on but only during 6 hours shannon tr ... | 2002 | 12621660 |
| attraction of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) to light traps in rural areas of minas gerais state, brazil. | the objective of this study was to detect phlebotomine sand fly vector species by using light traps, and thus determine the risk of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) transmission in rural areas of the viçosa microregion, minas gerais state, brazil. sand flies were captured with shannon-like and falcão light traps hung between 1830 and 2230 h on 22 nights. four sampling points where cl transmission occurs naturally were chosen. a total of 888 sand flies was collected. the most abundant species was lut ... | 2003 | 12674539 |
| natural breeding places of phlebotomine sandflies. | methods of finding larvae and pupae of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) are described and the known types of breeding sites used by sandflies are listed. three ways of detecting sandfly breeding places are the use of emergence traps placed over potential sources to catch newly emerged adult sandflies; flotation of larvae and pupae from soil, etc., and desiccation of media to drive out the larvae. even so, remarkably little information is available on the ecology of the developmental ... | 2004 | 15009450 |
| genetic polymorphism and molecular epidemiology of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis from different hosts and geographic areas in brazil. | numerical zymotaxonomy and variability of the internal transcribed spacers (its) between the small and large subunits of the rrna genes were used to examine strain variation and relationships in natural populations of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. a total of 101 strains from distinct hosts and brazilian geographic regions were assigned to 15 zymodemes clustered in two major genetic groups. the great number of isolates (48.5%) placed in zymodeme ioc/z-27 were collected on the atlantic coast. ... | 2003 | 12843052 |
| lutzomyia vectors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in southern brazil: ecological niche models, predicted geographic distributions, and climate change effects. | geographic and ecological distributions of three lutzomyia sand flies that are cutaneous leishmaniasis vectors in south america were analysed using ecological niche modelling. this new tool provides a large-scale perspective on species' geographic distributions, ecological and historical factors determining them, and their potential for change with expected environmental changes. as a first step, the ability of this technique to predict geographic distributions of the three species was tested st ... | 2003 | 12906876 |
| multiclonal leishmania braziliensis population structure and its clinical implication in a region of endemicity for american tegumentary leishmaniasis. | in corte de pedra (cp), northeastern brazil, leishmania braziliensis causes three distinct forms of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl). to test the hypothesis that strain polymorphism may be involved in this disease spectrum and accurately characterize the parasite population structure in cp, we compared one l. major, two non-cp l. braziliensis, one cp l. amazonensis, and 45 cp l. braziliensis isolates, obtained over a 10-year period from localized cutaneous, mucosal, and disseminated leis ... | 2004 | 14688132 |
| biology of the first generation of a laboratory colony of nyssomyia intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) and nyssomyia neivai (pinto, 1926) (diptera: psychodidae). | the phlebotomine sand flies nyssomyia intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) and nyssomyia neivai (pinto, 1926) are very close and may be involved in the transmission of leishmania spp. ross, 1903 in brazil. the biology of the first laboratory-reared generations of these species, descended from insects captured in além paraíba (n. intermedia) and corinto (n. neivai) in the brazilian state of minas gerais, is described here. the captured females were fed on hamsters and maintained individually in rearin ... | 2004 | 15558170 |
| eco-epidemiological survey of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis american cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in ribeira valley river, paraná state, brazil. | leishmaniasis is endemic since last century in adrianópolis municipality, ribeira valley and is a serious public health. a study carried out during 1993-2003 on epidemiological surveys conducted in rural communities showed 339 new cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) detected from four municipalities (adrianópolis, cerro azul, doutor ulysses and rio branco do sul). a larger prevalence of cutaneous lesions was observed in rural workers (36%), women with domestic activities (18%), and younger stu ... | 2004 | 15652328 |
| [american cutaneous leishmaniasis: phlebotomine transmission area in the municipality of uberlândia, mg]. | from may 2000 to january 2001 four, 15 hour-long collections of phlebotomine were done to the insect monitoring. the collection was done in an area of infection of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the basin of the araguari river in the municipality of uberlandia (mg). the first collection was made in may (a cold, damp month), the second in june 2000 (a cold, dry month) the third in october 2000 (a hot, dry month) and the fourth in january 2001 (a hot, rainy month). cdc and shannon light traps ... | 2005 | 15717090 |
| micro-geographical variation among male populations of the sandfly, lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia, from an endemic area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | the genetic relationships among male lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (lutz & neiva) (diptera: psychodidae) from three populations from the same endemic area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil, were compared. the sandflies were collected in three ecologically different habitats: domestic, extra-domestic and sylvatic over a total range of 800 m. three molecular markers were employed to assess population variation. based on mlee markers, it could not b ... | 2005 | 15752175 |
| moonlight and blood-feeding behaviour of lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia whitmani (diptera:psychodidae:phlebotominae), vectors of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil. | lutzomyia intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) and l. whitmani (antunes & coutinho, 1939) (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae), two important vectors of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil, occur in sympatry in the locality of posse county, petropolis municipality, state of rio de janeiro, brazil. we investigated the influence of the lunar cycle on the frequency of specimens of the two species caught while attempting to bite the collectors and in cdc light traps. analysis of the numbers of sa ... | 2005 | 15867961 |
| studies on the feeding habits of lutzomyia (n.) intermedia (diptera, psychodidae), vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil. | the precipitin test was applied to identify the blood meal sources of lutzomyia intermedia, collected in two distinct habitats: inside houses and in the peridomicile, in mesquita, rio de janeiro state, brazil, a transmission area of leishmania (v.) braziliensis. the following antisera were tested: human, avian, equine, rodent, and opossum. from a total of 370 females analyzed, 128 specimens from the domicile and 59 from the peridomicile reacted with specific antisera. the anthropophily of l. int ... | 2006 | 16410867 |
| identification of naturally infected lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia migonei with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in rio de janeiro (brazil) revealed by a pcr multiplex non-isotopic hybridisation assay. | to identify naturally infected lutzomyia spp. by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, a pcr multiplex non-isotopic hybridisation assay was developed for the analysis of insect samples collected in distinct areas of the municipality of rio de janeiro (brazil), from march to december 2003. data from experimental infection indicate that the method can detect one individual infected insect out of ten. wild sand flies were classified and grouped into pools of 10 specimens each, reaching a total of 40 f ... | 2005 | 16143358 |
| molecular polymorphism, differentiation and introgression in the period gene between lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia whitmani. | lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia whitmani (diptera: psychodidae) are important and very closely related vector species of cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil, which are distinguishable by a few morphological differences. there is evidence of mitochondrial introgression between the two species but it is not clear whether gene flow also occurs in nuclear genes. | 2006 | 17069656 |
| nocturnal activity rhythms of lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia whitmani (diptera: psychodidae) in a transmission area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in rio de janeiro state, brazil. | the phlebotomine sand flies lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (lutz & neiva) and lutzomyia (nyssomyia) whitmani (coutinho & antunes) are important vectors of leishmania (vianna) braziliensis, the etiological agent of american cutaneous leishmaniasis. in some areas, both species occur in sympatry, and their relative roles as vectors in these areas are not clear. we studied the nocturnal activity and biting rhythms of both species in posse, a locality in rio de janeiro state, brazil. our results sh ... | 2005 | 16465739 |
| [study of the sand flies in american cutaneous leishmaniasis area, in the municipality of alto caparaó and caparaó, minas gerais state]. | in the period from november of 2000 to november of 2001, a study of sand flies was realized in the municipalities of alto caparaó and caparaó with the objective of determining their seasonal variation, comparing the points of study related to the occurrence of these insects and detecting their ideal environments. monthly collections were carried out, with falcão light traps at nine points, four traps per point, in the following environments: of animals shelter, forest (bush), coffee plantation a ... | 2006 | 16501768 |
| ultrastructural comparison of external morphology of immature stages of lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia and lutzomyia (nyssomyia) whitmani (diptera: psychodidae), vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis, by scanning electron microscopy. | lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (lutz & neiva 1912) and lutzomyia (nyssomyia) whitmani (antunes & coutinho 1939) (diptera: psychodidae) are vectors of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in several endemic regions of brazil. we analyzed the external morphological aspects of the immature stages of these two vectors by using scanning electron microscopy. in general, the larval stages of the two species are morphologically similar, although some differences were noted. detailed examination of the egg ... | 2007 | 18047187 |
| heparin binding proteins from leishmania (viannia) braziliensis promastigotes. | we have examined the heparin binding proteins from leishmania (viannia) braziliensis promastigotes (hbp-lb) by chromatography assays. the proposed strategy to isolate an enriched fraction of the hbp-lb consisted of an association of the triton x-114 method with affinity chromatography in heparin-sepharose 4b column. sds-page analysis of the eluted proteins showed two main protein bands (65.0 and 54.5 kda), while a single protein band was observed in native electrophoresis gel. the hemagglutinati ... | 2007 | 17292553 |
| immunomodulation of human monocytes following exposure to lutzomyia intermedia saliva. | sand fly saliva contains potent and complex pharmacologic molecules that are able to modulate the host's hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune systems. in this study, we evaluated the effects of salivary gland sonicate (sgs) of lutzomyia intermedia, the natural vector of leishmania braziliensis, on monocytes obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of healthy volunteers. we investigated the effects of sand fly saliva on cytokine production and surface molecule expression of lps ... | 2008 | 18402685 |
| genetic structure of lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia populations from two ecologic regions in brazil where transmission of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis reflects distinct eco-epidemiologic features. | randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was performed to infer the magnitude and pattern of genetic differentiation among lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia populations from two ecologic regions in southeast brazil where transmission of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) by l. (viannia) braziliensis reflects distinct eco-epidemiologic features. two hundred thirty-five bands from six primers were analyzed for genetic variation within and between sand fly populations. a lower level of ... | 2007 | 17360884 |
| [sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) in an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of minas gerais]. | between january and december 2000, systematic monthly capture of phlebotomine sandflies was undertaken by means of light traps of cdc type in brejo do mutambal, an endemic area for american cutaneous leishmaniasis located in the municipality of varzelândia, state of minas gerais. nineteen phlebotomine species were captured, totaling 6,756 specimens. the species correlated with acl transmission were captured in low numbers, as follows: lutzomyia intermedia (5.1%), l. migonei (0.4%) and l. whitman ... | 2007 | 17486253 |
| enhanced leishmania braziliensis infection following pre-exposure to sandfly saliva. | sand fly saliva has an array of pharmacological and immunomodulatory components, and immunity to saliva protects against leishmania infection. in the present study, we have studied the immune response against lutzomyia intermedia saliva, the main vector of leishmania braziliensis in brazil, and the effects of saliva pre-exposure on l. braziliensis infection employing an intradermal experimental model. | 2007 | 18060088 |
| are light traps baited with kairomones effective in the capture of lutzomyia longipalpis and lutzomyia intermedia? an evaluation of synthetic human odor as an attractant for phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae). | phlebotomine sand flies are often captured with human bait and/or light traps, either with or without an animal bait. more recently, synthetic attractants have been used as bait in traps to improve the capture of phlebotomine sand flies as well as other insects of medical and veterinary importance. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the kairomone 1-octen-3-ol (octenol) and the synthetic human odor bg-mesh lure (bgml--lactic acid, caproic acid and ammonia) baited in modif ... | 2008 | 18660986 |
| canine vector-borne diseases in brazil. | abstract: canine vector-borne diseases (cvbds) are highly prevalent in brazil and represent a challenge to veterinarians and public health workers, since some diseases are of great zoonotic potential. dogs are affected by many protozoa (e.g., babesia vogeli, leishmania infantum, and trypanosoma cruzi), bacteria (e.g., anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis), and helminths (e.g., dirofilaria immitis and dipylidium caninum) that are transmitted by a diverse range of arthropod vectors, including tick ... | 2008 | 18691408 |
| canine visceral leishmaniasis in urban and rural areas of northeast brazil. | the purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and laboratory profiles of canine leishmaniasis in two distinct areas. dogs from urban and rural areas were examined. the population studied in the metropolitan area included 54 dogs. of these, 20 (37%) animals did not present with any signs suggestive of visceral leishmaniasis (vl). among these, only eight were confirmed negative by elisa (rk39 and ce) and 12 dogs, clinically negative for leishmaniasis, were seropositive by elisa (rk39 and ... | 2009 | 18804826 |
| [american cutaneous leishmaniasis on the northern coastline of the state of são paulo, 1993 to 2005]. | american cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired epidemic characteristics on the northern coastline of the state of são paulo beginning in the 1990s. from secondary data, a descriptive study of the disease in the four municipalities making up this region over the period from 1993 to 2005 was conducted. the frequency of phlebotomine capture in the probable transmission locations was analyzed. 689 autochthonous cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were notified, with single and grouped cases, thus determinin ... | 2008 | 19142444 |
| [sandflies in an areas with occurrences of human cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of seropédica, state of rio de janeiro]. | american cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania, which affects the skin and mucosa. it is primarily a zoonotic infection. sandfly surveys were conducted in four areas with occurrences of human cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of seropédica. a manual method was used to catch specimens between 6:00 pm and 10:00 pm, for 12 consecutive months. from october 2004 to september 2005, we caught 2,390 individuals belonging to four species: lutzom ... | 2009 | 19448931 |
| canine leishmaniosis in south america. | abstract : canine leishmaniosis is widespread in south america, where a number of leishmania species have been isolated or molecularly characterised from dogs. most cases of canine leishmaniosis are caused by leishmania infantum (syn. leishmania chagasi) and leishmania braziliensis. the only well-established vector of leishmania parasites to dogs in south america is lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of l. infantum, but many other phlebotomine sandfly species might be involved. for quite som ... | 2009 | 19426440 |
| peritrophic matrix of phlebotomus duboscqi and its kinetics during leishmania major development. | light microscopy of native preparations, histology, and electron microscopy have revealed that phlebotomus duboscqi belongs to a class of sand fly species with prompt development of the peritrophic matrix (pm). secretion of electron-lucent fibrils, presumably chitin, starts immediately after the ingestion of a blood meal and, about 6 h later, is followed by secretion of amorphous electron-dense components, presumably proteins and glycoproteins. the pm matures in less than 12 h and consists of a ... | 2009 | 19471970 |
| contribution to the knowledge of the phlebotomine sand flies fauna (diptera: psychodidae) of timóteo municipality, minas gerais, brazil. | an investigation of the phlebotomine sandfloy fauna in the municipality of timóteo, minas gerais state, brazil, was undertaken with new jersey traps placed in seven neighborhoods from december 2005 to january 2006. a total of 2,289 phlebotomine sandfloy specimens were recorded. nyssomyia whitmani (antunes & coutinho) (48.1%), nyssomyia intermedia (lutz & neiva) (36.8%) and micropygomyia quinquefer (dyar) (7.1%) were the most abundant species sampled. some sandfloy species that play a role in the ... | 2009 | 19488518 |
| a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the central area of paraná state, southern brazil. | we report a new endemic zone of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in the central area of the state of paraná (municipality of prudentópolis), in southern brazil. this region was not previously considered endemic for cl, and this work constitutes the first report of cl endemicity there. leishmaniasis was confirmed by smear, culture, and elisa. parasites were isolated and identified by random amplification of polymorphic dna (pcr-rapd). phylogeographical analysis, based on two different criteria, was a ... | 2009 | 19482000 |
| phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) of alagoas state, northeast of brazil. | the phlebotomine sandflies of the state of alagoas are poorly known, with more than 40 years since the last report on sandflies in the state. in here, psathyromyia brasiliensis (costa lima), micropygomyia quinquefer (dyar,) and evandromyia termitophila (martins, falcão & silva) are registered for the first time in alagoas. this report increases to nine the number of species collected in the state, including lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva), migonemyia migonei (frança), nyssomyia whitmani (an ... | 2009 | 19943022 |
| differential midgut attachment of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in the sand flies lutzomyia (nyssomyia) whitmani and lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia. | the interaction between leishmania and sand flies has been demonstrated in many old and new world species. besides the morphological differentiation from procyclic to infective metacyclic promastigotes, the parasite undergoes biochemical transformations in its major surface lipophosphoglycan (lpg). an upregulation of beta-glucose residues was previously shown in the lpg repeat units from procyclic to metacyclic phase in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, which has not been reported in any leishm ... | 2010 | 20011070 |
| survey of natural infection by leishmania in sand fly species collected in southeastern brazil. | in this study, we sought to identify sand fly vectors of the leishmania species that circulate in distinct eco-epidemiological disease-endemic rural areas within the espírito santo state in southeastern brazil. pcr amplification of a conserved region of the minicircle kdna was used to estimate infection rates in field-captured, peridomestic female sand flies. only 13 of the 1689 female sand fly specimens (0.77%) actually contained leishmania dna. leishmania braziliensis infections were found in ... | 2010 | 20346478 |
| using recombinant proteins from lutzomyia longipalpis saliva to estimate human vector exposure in visceral leishmaniasis endemic areas. | leishmania is transmitted by female sand flies and deposited together with saliva, which contains a vast repertoire of pharmacologically active molecules that contribute to the establishment of the infection. the exposure to vector saliva induces an immune response against its components that can be used as a marker of exposure to the vector. performing large-scale serological studies to detect vector exposure has been limited by the difficulty in obtaining sand fly saliva. here, we validate the ... | 2010 | 20351785 |
| discovery of markers of exposure specific to bites of lutzomyia longipalpis, the vector of leishmania infantum chagasi in latin america. | sand flies deliver leishmania parasites to a host alongside salivary molecules that affect infection outcomes. though some proteins are immunogenic and have potential as markers of vector exposure, their identity and vector specificity remain elusive. | 2010 | 20351786 |
| immunity to lutzomyia intermedia saliva modulates the inflammatory environment induced by leishmania braziliensis. | during blood feeding, sand flies inject leishmania parasites in the presence of saliva. the types and functions of cells present at the first host-parasite contact are critical to the outcome on infection and sand fly saliva has been shown to play an important role in this setting. herein, we investigated the in vivo chemotactic effects of lutzomyia intermedia saliva, the vector of leishmania braziliensis, combined or not with the parasite. | 2010 | 20559550 |
| the vectorial potential of lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia and lutzomyia (n.) whitmani in the transmission of leishmania (v.) braziliensis can also be related to proteins attaching. | | 2010 | 20589075 |
| artificial lighting as a vector attractant and cause of disease diffusion. | traditionally, epidemiologists have considered electrification to be a positive factor. in fact, electrification and plumbing are typical initiatives that represent the integration of an isolated population into modern society, ensuring the control of pathogens and promoting public health. nonetheless, electrification is always accompanied by night lighting that attracts insect vectors and changes people's behavior. although this may lead to new modes of infection and increased transmission of i ... | 2010 | 20675268 |
| vaccines to combat the neglected tropical diseases. | the neglected tropical diseases (ntds) represent a group of parasitic and related infectious diseases such as amebiasis, chagas disease, cysticercosis, echinococcosis, hookworm, leishmaniasis, and schistosomiasis. together, these conditions are considered the most common infections in low- and middle-income countries, where they produce a level of global disability and human suffering equivalent to better known conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome an ... | 2011 | 21198676 |
| the sand fly fauna (psychodidae: phlebotominae) in the region of saquarema, state of rio de janeiro, brazil, an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission. | cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, is sporadic in many rural and suburban areas of rio de janeiro state. an investigation was carried out during 2008/9 in the municipality of saquarema, rio de janeiro, southeast brazil, in order to identify the phlebotomine sand fly fauna. more than 2,100 sand flies were collected in peridomestic areas in two chicken coops using cdc light traps. nine species of phlebotomine sand flies were identified: nyssomyia intermedia, nyss ... | 2011 | 21366786 |
| lutzomyia longipalpis saliva or salivary protein ljm19 protects against leishmania braziliensis and the saliva of its vector, lutzomyia intermedia. | leishmania transmission occurs in the presence of insect saliva. immunity to phlebotomus papatasi or lutzomyia longipalpis saliva or salivary components confers protection against an infection by leishmania in the presence of the homologous saliva. however, immunization with lutzomyia intermedia saliva did not protect mice against leishmania braziliensis plus lu. intermedia saliva. in the present study, we have studied whether the immunization with lu. longipalpis saliva or a dna plasmid coding ... | 2011 | 21655303 |
| colonization of phlebotomus papatasi changes the effect of pre-immunization with saliva from lack of protection towards protection against experimental challenge with leishmania major and saliva. | sand fly saliva has been postulated as a potential vaccine or as a vaccine component within multi component vaccine against leishmaniasis. it is important to note that these studies were performed using long-term colonized phlebotomus papatasi. the effect of sand flies colonization on the outcome of leishmania infection is reported. | 2011 | 21726438 |
| sybr green-based real-time pcr targeting kinetoplast dna can be used to discriminate between the main etiologic agents of brazilian cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases. | abstract: background: leishmaniases control has been hampered by the unavailability of rapid detection methods and the lack of suitable therapeutic and prophylactic measures. accurate diagnosis, which can distinguish between leishmania isolates, is essential for conducting appropriate prognosis, therapy and epidemiology. molecular methods are currently being employed to detect leishmania infection and categorize the parasites up to genus, complex or species level. real-time pcr offers several a ... | 2012 | 22240199 |
| vaccination with l. infantum chagasi nucleosomal histones confers protection against new world cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis. | nucleosomal histones are intracellular proteins that are highly conserved among leishmania species. after parasite destruction or spontaneous lysis, exposure to these proteins elicits a strong host immune response. in the present study, we analyzed the protective capability of leishmania infantum chagasi nucleosomal histones against l. braziliensis infection using different immunization strategies. | 2012 | 23284976 |
| ecological aspects of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) from a cave of the speleological province of bambuí, brazil. | phlebotomines are invertebrate hosts of leishmania genus species which are etiological agents of leishmaniases in humans and other mammals. sandflies are often collected in entomological studies of caves both in the inner area and the adjacent environments. caves are ecotypes clearly different from the external environment. several caves have been opened to public visitation before any studies were performed and the places do not have scientific monitoring of the fauna, flora, geological and geo ... | 2013 | 24130847 |
| sand-fly saliva-leishmania-man: the trigger trio. | leishmaniases are worldwide diseases transmitted to the vertebrate host by the bite of an infected sand-fly. sand-fly biting and parasite inoculation are accompanied by the injection of salivary molecules, whose immunomodulatory properties are actively being studied. this mini review focuses on how the interactions between sand-fly saliva and the immune system may shape the outcome of infection, given its immunomodulatory properties, in experimental models and in the endemic area. additionally, ... | 2013 | 24312093 |
| multi-modal analysis of courtship behaviour in the old world leishmaniasis vector phlebotomus argentipes. | the sand fly phlebotomus argentipes is arguably the most important vector of leishmaniasis worldwide. as there is no vaccine against the parasites that cause leishmaniasis, disease prevention focuses on control of the insect vector. understanding reproductive behaviour will be essential to controlling populations of p. argentipes, and developing new strategies for reducing leishmaniasis transmission. through statistical analysis of male-female interactions, this study provides a detailed descrip ... | 2014 | 25474027 |
| current and future niche of north and central american sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in climate change scenarios. | ecological niche models are useful tools to infer potential spatial and temporal distributions in vector species and to measure epidemiological risk for infectious diseases such as the leishmaniases. the ecological niche of 28 north and central american sand fly species, including those with epidemiological relevance, can be used to analyze the vector's ecology and its association with transmission risk, and plan integrated regional vector surveillance and control programs. in this study, we mod ... | 2013 | 24069478 |
| multilocus analysis of introgression between two sand fly vectors of leishmaniasis. | the phlebotomine sand flies (diptera:psychodidae) lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia lutz & neiva 1912 and lutzomyia (nyssomyia) whitmani antunes & coutinho 1932 are two very closely related species and important vectors of american cutaneous leishmaniasis. two single-locus studies have revealed evidence for introgression between the two species in both mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. these findings have prompted the development of a multilocus approach to investigate in more detail the genetic ... | 2008 | 18474115 |
| proceedings of the ix international symposium on phlebotomine sandflies (isops ix), reims, france, june 28th-july 1st, 2016. | | 2016 | 27677701 |
| survey of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in an environmentally protected area in brazil. | brazil is one of the most important endemic areas for leishmaniasis worldwide. protected areas that are tourist attractions likely present an important risk of transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). furthermore, with the geographical expansion of visceral leishmaniasis (vl), several studies have recorded the occurrence of its vector, lutzomyia longipalpis, and cases of human and canine vl in such tourist areas. the parque estadual do sumidouro is an environmentally protected area located ... | 2015 | 26267484 |
| techniques to improve the maintenance of a laboratory colony of nyssomyia neivai (diptera: psychodidae). | the most critical phase in sand fly colonization is the high mortality in the larval instars. in this study, we sought out strategies for improving the colonization of nyssomyia neivai, one of the vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis agent in south america. | 2015 | 26276040 |
| biomarkers for exposure to sand flies bites as tools to aid control of leishmaniasis. | intense research efforts so far have not been sufficient to reduce leishmaniasis burden worldwide. this disease is transmitted by bites of infected sand flies, which inject saliva in the host skin in an attempt to obtain a blood meal. sand fly saliva has an array of proteins with diverse pharmacological properties that modulates the host homeostatic and immune responses. some of these proteins are also immunogenic and can induce both cellular and humoral immune responses. recently, the use of sa ... | 2012 | 22661974 |
| aspects of the ecology of phlebotomines (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) in an area of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence, municipality of angra dos reis, coast of rio de janeiro state, brazil. | over a complete two-year period, phlebotomine specimens were caught in an area of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence in the municipality of angra dos reis. a manual suction tube was used to catch phlebotomines on house walls, and also light traps in domestic and peridomestic settings and in the forest. this yielded 14,170 specimens of 13 species: two in the genus brumptomyia and eleven in the genus lutzomyia. l. intermedia predominantly in domestic and peridomestic settings, with little presence ... | 0 | 24626417 |
| sandflies (diptera, psychodidae) from forest areas in botucatu municipality, central western são paulo state, brazil. | the study of the distribution and ecology of sandfly species is essential for epidemiological surveillance and estimation of the transmission risk of leishmania spp. infection. | 2013 | 23849624 |
| geographic distribution of phlebotomine sandfly species (diptera: psychodidae) in central-west brazil. | this study updates the geographic distributions of phlebotomine species in central-west brazil and analyses the climatic factors associated with their occurrence. the data were obtained from the entomology services of the state departments of health in central-west brazil, scientific collections and a literature review of articles from 1962-2014. ecological niche models were produced for sandfly species with more than 20 occurrences using the maxent algorithm and eight climate variables. in all, ... | 2015 | 26018450 |
| functional transcriptomics of wild-caught lutzomyia intermedia salivary glands: identification of a protective salivary protein against leishmania braziliensis infection. | leishmania parasites are transmitted in the presence of sand fly saliva. together with the parasite, the sand fly injects salivary components that change the environment at the feeding site. mice immunized with phlebotomus papatasi salivary gland (sg) homogenate are protected against leishmania major infection, while immunity to lutzomyia intermedia sg homogenate exacerbated experimental leishmania braziliensis infection. in humans, antibodies to lu. intermedia saliva are associated with risk of ... | 2013 | 23717705 |