| determination of 4-nonylphenol, nonylphenol monoethoxylate, nonylphenol diethoxylate and other alkylphenols in fish and shellfish by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. | a simple and highly sensitive method is described for the hplc determination of 4-nonylphenol (np), 4-nonylphenol mono- (np1eo) and diethoxylates (np2eo) in fish and shellfish together with bisphenol a (bpa), 4-tert.-butylphenol (bp) and 4-tert.-octylphenol (op). the np, np1eo, np2eo and other alkylphenols in the samples are extracted with acetonitrile and the lipid in the sample extract is eliminated by partitioning between hexane and acetonitrile. after florisil pr clean-up the sample extract ... | 2000 | 11076083 |
| type ii antifreeze protein from a mid-latitude freshwater fish, japanese smelt (hypomesus nipponensis). | a lot of reports of antifreeze protein (afp) from fish have been published, but no report has mentioned of commercialized mid-latitude fresh water fish which producing afp in its body fluid. we found that the afp in the body fluid of japanese smelt (hypomesus nipponensis) from mid-latitude fresh water was purified and characterized. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the japanese smelt afp was 75.0% identical to type ii afp from herring. results of edta treatment and ruthenium red staining su ... | 2003 | 12723591 |
| flow cytometric analysis of the neutrophil respiratory burst of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis: comparison with other fresh water fish. | neutrophils of vertebrates undergo respiratory burst activity (rba) as a defense mechanism against bacterial infections. we report here that ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) have unusually high rbas even when they are in a healthy condition. kidney and blood leukocytes were obtained from ayu, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), carp (cyprinus carpio), eel (anguilla japonica), and pond smelt (hypomesus nipponensis). neutrophil rba was measured by flow cytometry using dihydrorhodamine after stimulati ... | 2003 | 12787685 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of ca2+-independent and ca2+-dependent species of the type ii antifreeze protein. | ca2+-independent and ca2+-dependent species of the type ii antifreeze protein (afp) were both crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. it appeared that the crystal of the ca2+-independent species from brachyosis rostratus belongs to space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 43.3, b = 48.4, c = 59.7 a, and diffraction data were collected to 1.34 a resolution. for the ca2+-dependent type ii afp species from hypomesus nipponensis, crystallization was carried out f ... | 2006 | 16754975 |
| lack of circadian regulation of in vitro melatonin release from the pineal organ of salmonid teleosts. | in many teleost species, the photoreceptive pineal organ harbors the circadian clock that regulates melatonin release in the pineal organ itself. however, the pineal organ of three salmonids (rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, masu salmon oncorhynchus masou, and sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka) did not exhibit circadian rhythms in melatonin release when maintained under constant darkness (dd) in vitro, suggesting that the pineal organs of all salmonids lack the circadian regulation of melatoni ... | 2007 | 17681505 |
| taqman assays for the genetic identification of delta smelt (hypomesus transpacificus) and wakasagi smelt (hypomesus nipponensis). | we have developed species-specific taqman assays for two california fish species, the threatened delta smelt (hypomesus transpacificus) and the introduced wakasagi smelt (hypomesus nipponensis). the assays are capable of correctly identifying each species with 100% accuracy, with no cross-species amplification. we anticipate these assays will prove useful for future scientific studies requiring genetic species identification (e.g. predation of smelt) or monitoring (e.g. detection of delta smelt ... | 2011 | 21443553 |
| characterization of 24 microsatellite loci in delta smelt, hypomesus transpacificus, and their cross-species amplification in two other smelt species of the osmeridae family. | we characterized 24 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci for delta smelt (hypomesus transpacificus) endemic to the san francisco bay estuary, ca, usa. screening of samples (n = 30) yielded two to 26 alleles per locus with observed levels of heterozygosity ranging from 0.17 to 1.0. only one locus deviated from hardy-weinberg equilibrium, suggesting these individuals originate from a single panmictic population. linkage disequilibrium was found in two pairs of loci after excluding the l ... | 2009 | 21564663 |
| evolution of type ii antifreeze protein genes in teleost fish: a complex scenario involving lateral gene transfers and episodic directional selection. | i examined hypotheses about lateral transfer of type ii antifreeze protein (afp) genes among "distantly" related teleost fish. the effects of episodic directional selection on amino acid evolution were also investigated. the strict consensus results showed that the type ii afp and type ii antifreeze-like protein genes were transferred from osmerus mordax to clupea harengus, from the ancestral lineage of the brachyopsis rostratus-hemitripterus americanus clade to the ancestor of the hypomesus nip ... | 2012 | 23032610 |