| factors affecting mite herbivory on eggplants in brazil. | the objective of this study was to determine effects of total rainfall, mean temperature, predators, height of canopy, levels of nitrogen and potassium in leaves, and the density of leaf trichomes on the attack intensity of tetranychus evansi and t. urticae (acari: tetranychidae) and aculops lycopersici (acari: eriophyidae) in five plantations of the eggplant solanum melongena var. 'natu nobilis' in two regions of brazil. higher numbers of individuals of a. lycopersici, t. evansi and t. urticae/ ... | 2003 | 14974689 |
| pathogenicity of beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae to the tobacco spider mite tetranychus evansi. | seventeen isolates of metarhizium anisopliae (metschnikoff) sorokin and two isolates of beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin were evaluated for their pathogenicity against the tobacco spider mite, tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard. in the laboratory all the fungal isolates were pathogenic to the adult female mites, causing mortality between 22.1 and 82.6%. isolates causing more than 70% mortality were subjected to dose-response mortality bioassays. the lethal concentration causing 50% morta ... | 2005 | 16082922 |
| search for effective natural enemies of tetranychus evansi in south and southeast brazil. | tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard is an important pest of solanaceae in several countries. introduced accidentally to africa, it presently occurs in many countries of that continent. in some of them, it is considered a key pest. the suspected area of origin of this mite is south america. the objective of the present study was to identify phytoseiid mites on solanaceous plants in association with t. evansi in south and southeast brazil for introduction in the african continent for use in a cla ... | 2007 | 17235498 |
| life tables of the predatory mite phytoseiulus longipes feeding on tetranychus evansi at four temperatures (acari: phytoseiidae, tetranychidae). | the tomato red spider mite, tetranychus evansi, is reported as a severe pest of tomato and other solanaceous crops from africa, from atlantic and mediterranean islands, and more recently from the south of europe (portugal, spain and france). a population of the predaceous mite phytoseiulus longipes has been recently found in brazil in association with t. evansi. the objective of this paper was to assess the development and reproduction abilities of this strain on t. evansi under laboratory condi ... | 2007 | 17334816 |
| search for effective natural enemies of tetranychus evansi (acari: tetranychidae) in northwest argentina. | the mite tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard (tetranychidae) probably originated in south america. because of its importance as a tomato pest in africa, an extensive project has been conducted to detect potentially effective natural enemies in south america for the classical biological control of the pest in africa. a search for the natural enemies of t. evansi was conducted in the province of tucumán, northwestern argentina, in december 2004, and this report describes the results. one hundred ... | 2007 | 17851767 |
| life history of the predatory mite phytoseiulus fragariae on tetranychus evansi and tetranychus urticae (acari: phytoseiidae, tetranychidae) at five temperatures. | tetranychus evansi baker and pritchard and tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae) are important pests of solanaceae in many countries. several studies have demonstrated that t. urticae is an acceptable prey to many predatory mites, although the suitability of this prey depends on the host plant. t. evansi, has been shown to be an unfavorable prey to most predatory mites that have been tested against it. the predator phytoseiulus fragariae denmark and schicha (acari: phytoseiidae) has be ... | 2008 | 18058026 |
| effect of temperature on virulence of beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae isolates to tetranychus evansi. | the virulence of three isolates of beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. and 23 isolates of metarhizium anisopliae (metschnik.) sorok. (ascomycota: hypocreales) against the tomato spider mite, tetranychus evansi baker and pritchard (acari: tetranychidae), was assessed in the laboratory. the effect of temperature on germination, radial growth and virulence of selected isolates (two isolates of b. bassiana and nine of m. anisopliae) on t. evansi was also investigated in the laboratory. all the fungal ... | 2008 | 18648993 |
| distribution of tetranychus evansi and its predator phytoseiulus longipes (acari: tetranychidae, phytoseiidae) in southern brazil. | tetranychus evansi is an important pest of tomato in several countries. the predatory mite phytoseiulus longipes has been found in association with it in uruguaiana, state of rio grande do sul, brazil. the objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution of those two species in uruguaiana region. bi-weekly samples of plant parts were taken between january 28 and april 30, 2007 in uruguaiana and five neighboring counties. tetranychus evansi was found in all counties, but p. longipes was o ... | 2008 | 18688732 |
| effect of temperature on sporulation of neozygites floridana isolates from different climates and their virulence against the tomato red spider mite, tetranychus evansi. | the fungal pathogen neozygites floridana weiser and muma has been evaluated as a classical biological candidate for introduction into africa against the invasive tomato red spider mite tetranychus evansi baker and pritchard. in this study, the effect of temperature on sporulation, germination and virulence of three isolates of n. floridana collected from t. evansi in three climatically distinct regions of brazil and argentina was determined. six constant temperatures of 13 degrees c, 17 degrees ... | 2010 | 19836399 |
| on the specific identity of specimens of phytoseiulus longipes evans (mesostigmata: phytoseiidae) showing different feeding behaviours: morphological and molecular analyses. | this paper focuses on the differentiation of specimens, identified as phytoseiulus longipes, collected in four countries: argentina, brazil, chile and south africa. two of these populations are known to feed and develop on tetranychus evansi, whereas the two others do not. as morphologically similar specimens can sometimes belong to different species and because differences in predatory behaviours exist among the four populations considered, we tested for the presence of cryptic species. morphol ... | 2010 | 20158926 |
| spider mite web mediates anti-predator behaviour. | herbivores suffer significant mortality from predation and are therefore subject to natural selection on traits promoting predator avoidance and resistance. they can employ an array of strategies to reduce predation, for example through changes in behaviour, morphology and life history. so far, the anti-predator response studied most intensively in spider mites has been the avoidance of patches with high predation risk. less attention has been given to the dense web produced by spider mites, whi ... | 2010 | 20191311 |
| alternative control of tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard (acari: tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses. | tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard is an important pest of solanaceous plants, including tomatoes. this mite is characterized by a high reproductive rate, which leads to high population growth in a short period of time causing important economic damage. control of t. evansi is mainly through synthetic acaricides. in searching for environmentally friendly control measures, we evaluated the efficiency of alternative products to control t. evansi on tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. the ... | 2010 | 20878004 |
| efficiency of phytoseiulus longipes evans as a control agent of tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard (acari: phytoseiidae: tetranychidae) on screenhouse tomatoes. | the spider mite tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard can cause severe damage to tomato crops. the predatory mite phytoseiulus longipes evans was recently reported in association with t. evansi in uruguaiana, rio grande do sul state, brazil. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of p. longipes on the population of t. evansi on tomatoes under screenhouse condition. the study consisted on four experiments, in each of which 80 potted plantlets were distributed in two plots o ... | 2010 | 21271069 |
| permanent genetic resources added to molecular ecology resources database 1 january 2009-30 april 2009. | this article documents the addition of 283 microsatellite marker loci to the molecular ecology resources database. loci were developed for the following species: agalinis acuta; ambrosia artemisiifolia; berula erecta; casuarius casuarius; cercospora zeae-maydis; chorthippus parallelus; conyza canadensis; cotesia sesamiae; epinephelus acanthistius; ficedula hypoleuca; grindelia hirsutula; guadua angustifolia; leucadendron rubrum; maritrema novaezealandensis; meretrix meretrix; nilaparvata lugens; ... | 2009 | 21564911 |
| reduced diversity in the bacteriome of the phytophagous mite brevipalpus yothersi (acari: tenuipalpidae). | tenuipalpidae comprises mites that transmit viruses to agriculturally important plants. several tenuipalpid species present parthenogenesis, and in brevipalpus yothersi, the endosymbiont cardinium has been associated with female-only colonies. it is unclear what the bacterial composition of b. yothersi is, and how common cardinium is in those microbiomes. we performed a comparative analysis of the bacteriomes in three populations of b. yothersi and three additional tetranychoidea species using s ... | 2016 | 27999386 |
| salivary proteins of spider mites suppress defenses in nicotiana benthamiana and promote mite reproduction. | spider mites (tetranychidae sp.) are widely occurring arthropod pests on cultivated plants. feeding by the two-spotted spider mite t. urticae, a generalist herbivore, induces a defense response in plants that mainly depends on the phytohormones jasmonic acid and salicylic acid (sa). on tomato (solanum lycopersicum), however, certain genotypes of t. urticae and the specialist species t. evansi were found to suppress these defenses. this phenomenon occurs downstream of phytohormone accumulation vi ... | 2016 | 26946468 |
| steroidal glycoalkaloids: chemical defence of edible african nightshades against the tomato red spider mite, tetranychus evansi (acari: tetranychidae). | tetranychus evansi is an invasive pest of solanaceous crops in africa, and in the field it differentially attacks edible african nightshades. the chemical basis for the differential attack on these plant species is largely unknown. using bioassays and chemical analysis, we investigated the differential bioactivity of leaf extracts of three edible african nightshade species, solanum sarrachoides, s. scabrum and s. villosum, on adult t. evansi females. | 2016 | 26299255 |
| abiotic and biotic factors affecting resting spore formation in the mite pathogen neozygites floridana. | neozygites floridana is an obligate mite pathogenic fungus in the entomophthoromycota. it has been suggested that resting spores of this fungus are produced as a strategy to survive adverse conditions. in the present study, possible mechanisms involved in the regulation of resting spore formation were investigated in the hosts tetranychus urticae and tetranychus evansi. abiotic and biotic factors mimicking conditions that we, based on earlier field studies, thought might induce resting spores in ... | 2013 | 23878542 |
| the effect of host plants on tetranychus evansi, tetranychus urticae (acari: tetranychidae) and on their fungal pathogen neozygites floridana (entomophthorales: neozygitaceae). | in a series of tritrophic-level interaction experiments, the effect of selected host plants of the spider mites, tetranychus evansi and tetranychus urticae, on neozygites floridana was studied by evaluating the attachment of capilliconidia, presence of hyphal bodies in the infected mites, mortality from fungal infection, mummification and sporulation from fungus-killed mite cadavers. host plants tested for t. evansi were tomato, cherry tomato, eggplant, nightshade, and pepper while host plants t ... | 2011 | 21510956 |
| effect of african nightshade species (solanaceae) on developmental time and life table parameters of tetranychus evansi (acari: tetranychidae). | the effect of five african nightshade (solanum sp.) species on the biological and demographic parameters of the tomato spider mite, tetranychus evansi baker and pritchard, was examined in the laboratory at 25 +/- 1 degrees c, 70-80% rh and 12l:12d photoperiod. duration of each development stage, reproduction rate, longevity, intrinsic rate of natural increase (r (m)), and doubling time (dt) of the tomato spider mite on the five nightshade species were calculated. the results indicated that s. vi ... | 2010 | 20229322 |
| side-effects of pesticides on the life cycle of the mite pathogenic fungus neozygites floridana. | the tomato red spider mite, tetranychus evansi baker and pritchard, is an invasive species in africa causing considerable damage to solanaceous crops. the fungal pathogen neozygites floridana weiser and muma from brazil has been considered a potential candidate for introduction into africa for the control of t. evansi. to be incorporated in the tomato production system, n. floridana has to be compatible with the pesticides used for the control of other pests and diseases. pesticides used in toma ... | 2008 | 18584133 |
| spatiotemporal heterogeneity of tomato induced defense responses affects spider mite performance and behavior. | when feeding from tomato (solanum lycopersicum), the generalist spider mite tetranychus urticae induces jasmonate (ja)- and salicylate (sa)-regulated defense responses that hamper its performance. the related t. evansi, a solanaceae-specialist, suppresses these defenses, thereby upholding a high performance. on a shared leaf, t. urticae can be facilitated by t. evansi, likely via suppression of defenses by the latter. yet, when infesting the same plant, t. evansi outcompetes t. urticae. recently ... | 2017 | 28857667 |
| overcompensation of herbivore reproduction through hyper-suppression of plant defenses in response to competition. | spider mites are destructive arthropod pests on many crops. the generalist herbivorous mite tetranychus urticae induces defenses in tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and this constrains its fitness. by contrast, the solanaceae-specialist tetranychus evansi maintains a high reproductive performance by suppressing tomato defenses. tetranychus evansi outcompetes t. urticae when infesting the same plant, but it is unknown whether this is facilitated by the defenses of the plant. we assessed the extent t ... | 2017 | 28386959 |
| down-regulation of plant defence in a resident spider mite species and its effect upon con- and heterospecifics. | herbivorous spider mites occurring on tomato plants (solanum lycopersicum l.) cope with plant defences in various manners: the invasive tetranychus evansi reduces defences below constitutive levels, whereas several strains of t. urticae induce such defences and others suppress them. in the mediterranean region, these two species co-occur on tomato plants with t. ludeni, another closely related spider mite species. unravelling how this third mite species affects plant defences is thus fundamental ... | 2016 | 26369779 |
| spider mites suppress tomato defenses downstream of jasmonate and salicylate independently of hormonal crosstalk. | plants respond to herbivory by mounting a defense. some plant-eating spider mites (tetranychus spp.) have adapted to plant defenses to maintain a high reproductive performance. from natural populations we selected three spider mite strains from two species, tetranychus urticae and tetranychus evansi, that can suppress plant defenses, using a fourth defense-inducing strain as a benchmark, to assess to which extent these strains suppress defenses differently. we characterized timing and magnitude ... | 2015 | 25297722 |
| isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in tetranychus urticae and cross amplification in other tetranychidae and phytoseiidae species of economic importance. | tetranychus urticae koch is a cosmopolitan phytophagous mite considered as the most polyphagous species among spider mites. population genetic studies using molecular markers such as microsatellites have proven to be extremely informative to address questions about population structure, phylogeography and host preferences. the aim of this study was to increase the available molecular tools to gain insight into the genetic structure of t. urticae populations of citrus orchards, which might help i ... | 2012 | 22349944 |
| a horizontally transferred cyanase gene in the spider mite tetranychus urticae is involved in cyanate metabolism and is differentially expressed upon host plant change. | the genome of the phytophagous two-spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae was recently sequenced, representing the first complete chelicerate genome, but also the first genome of a highly polyphagous agricultural pest. genome analysis revealed the presence of an unexpected high number of cases of putative horizontal gene transfers, including a gene that encodes a cyanase or cyanate lyase. in this study we show by recombinant expression that the t. urticae cyanase remained functionally active af ... | 2012 | 22960016 |
| induced plant-defenses suppress herbivore reproduction but also constrain predation of their offspring. | inducible anti-herbivore defenses in plants are predominantly regulated by jasmonic acid (ja). on tomato plants, most genotypes of the herbivorous generalist spider mite tetranychus urticae induce ja defenses and perform poorly on it, whereas the solanaceae specialist tetranychus evansi, who suppresses ja defenses, performs well on it. we asked to which extent these spider mites and the predatory mite phytoseiulus longipes preying on these spider mites eggs are affected by induced ja-defenses. b ... | 2016 | 27717467 |
| antipredator behaviours of a spider mite in response to cues of dangerous and harmless predators. | prey are known to invest in costly antipredator behaviour when perceiving cues of dangerous, but not of relatively harmless predators. whereas most studies investigate one type of antipredator behaviour, we studied several types (changes in oviposition, in escape and avoidance behaviour) in the spider mite tetranychus evansi in response to cues from two predatory mites. the predator phytoseiulus longipes is considered a dangerous predator for t. evansi, whereas phytoseiulus macropilis has a low ... | 2016 | 27067101 |
| breaking and entering: predators invade the shelter of their prey and gain protection. | many herbivorous arthropods construct shelters on their host plant that offer protection against natural enemies. this has resulted in selection on natural enemies to enter these shelters, where they can feed on prey that are inaccessible for competing predators and parasitoids. the spider mite tetranychus evansi produces a shelter consisting of a dense web that is impenetrable for most predators; the only known natural enemy that can penetrate the web and can forage efficiently on this pest is ... | 2015 | 26188859 |
| different feeding behaviours in a single predatory mite species. 2. responses of two populations of phytoseiulus longipes (acari: phytoseiidae) to various prey species, prey stages and plant substrates. | tritrophic studies involving several populations of the predatory mite phytoseiulus longipes showed distinct life history traits depending on the prey offered and/or the plant substrate. in order to better understand the biology of this predator, the response to several combinations of prey species (tetranychus evansi and tetranychus urticae), prey stages (eggs and mobile stages) and plant substrates (bean and tomato leaf discs) has been assessed for two populations of p. longipes. unlike what w ... | 2014 | 24114341 |
| different feeding behaviors in a single predatory mite species. 1. comparative life histories of three populations of phytoseiulus longipes (acari: phytoseiidae) depending on prey species and plant substrate. | the spider mites tetranychus evansi and t. urticae are key pests of tomato crops, for which no sustainable practical control strategy is available yet. a brazilian (b) and an argentinean (a) population of a phytoseiid predatory mite species, phytoseiulus longipes, are able to develop and reproduce on t. evansi on tomato, whereas a chilean (c) population is not. in order to better characterize the two distinct feeding behaviours of these three populations, life table data were assessed when the p ... | 2014 | 24114340 |
| tomato reproductive success is equally affected by herbivores that induce or that suppress defenses. | herbivory induces plant defenses. these responses are often costly, yet enable plants under attack to reach a higher fitness than they would have reached without these defenses. spider mites (tetranychus ssp.) are polyphagous plant-pests. while most strains of the species tetranychus urticae induce defenses at the expense of their performance, the species tetranychus evansi suppresses plant defenses and thereby maintains a high performance. most data indicate that suppression is a mite-adaptive ... | 2017 | 29326739 |
| herbivore performance and plant defense after sequential attacks by inducing and suppressing herbivores. | it is well known that herbivore-induced plant defenses alter host plant quality and can affect the behavior and performance of later arriving herbivores. effects of sequential attacks by herbivores that either suppress or induce plant defenses are less well studied. we sequentially infested leaves of tomato plants with a strain of the phytophagous spider mite tetranychus urticae that induces plant defenses and the closely related tetranychus evansi, which suppresses plant defenses. plant quality ... | 2017 | 28636085 |
| interspecific competition counteracts negative effects of dispersal on adaptation of an arthropod herbivore to a new host. | dispersal and competition have both been suggested to drive variation in adaptability to a new environment, either positively or negatively. a simultaneous experimental test of both mechanisms is however lacking. here, we experimentally investigate how population dynamics and local adaptation to a new host plant in a model species, the two-spotted spider mite (tetranychus urticae), are affected by dispersal from a stock population (no-adapted) and competition with an already adapted spider mite ... | 2017 | 28556282 |
| detection of genetic incompatibilities in non-model systems using simple genetic markers: hybrid breakdown in the haplodiploid spider mite tetranychus evansi. | when two related species interbreed, their hybrid offspring frequently suffer from reduced fitness. the genetics of hybrid incompatibility are described by the bateson-dobzhansky-muller (bdm) model, where fitness is reduced by epistatic interactions between alleles of heterospecific origin. unfortunately, most empirical evidence for the bdm model comes from a few well-studied model organisms, restricting our genetic understanding of hybrid incompatibilities to limited taxa. these systems are pre ... | 2017 | 27782117 |
| genotype-specific interactions between parasitic arthropods. | despite the ubiquity of coinfection, we know little of the effects of intra-specific genetic variability on coinfection by distinct parasite species. here we test the hypothesis that parasite multiplication depends on the combination of parasite genotypes that coinfect the host (that is genotype.parasite × genotype.parasite interaction). to that aim, we infected tomato leaves with the ecto-parasitic mites tetranychus urticae and tetranychus evansi. we tested all possible combinations between fou ... | 2017 | 27759078 |
| opposing roles of foliar and glandular trichome volatile components in cultivated nightshade interaction with a specialist herbivore. | plant chemistry is an important contributor to the interaction with herbivores. here, we report on a previously unknown role for foliar and glandular trichome volatiles in their interaction with the specialist herbivore of solanaceous plants, the tomato red spider mite tetranychus evansi. we used various bioassays and chemical analyses including coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc/ms) and liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (lc-qtof-ms) to in ... | 2016 | 27556560 |
| the role of web sharing, species recognition and host-plant defence in interspecific competition between two herbivorous mite species. | when competing with indigenous species, invasive species face a problem, because they typically start with a few colonizers. evidently, some species succeeded, begging an answer to the question how they invade. here, we investigate how the invasive spider mite tetranychus evansi interacts with the indigenous species t. urticae when sharing the solanaceous host plant tomato: do they choose to live together or to avoid each other's colonies? both species spin protective, silken webs on the leaf su ... | 2016 | 27506908 |
| drought-stressed tomato plants trigger bottom-up effects on the invasive tetranychus evansi. | climate change will bring more drought periods that will have an impact on the irrigation practices of some crops like tomato, from standard water regime to deficit irrigation. this will promote changes in plant metabolism and alter their interactions with biotic stressors. we have tested if mild or moderate drought-stressed tomato plants (simulating deficit irrigation) have an effect on the biological traits of the invasive tomato red spider mite, tetranychus evansi. our data reveal that t evan ... | 2016 | 26735490 |
| why do males choose heterospecific females in the red spider mite? | in some species, males readily show courtship behaviour towards heterospecific females and even prefer them to females of their own species. this behaviour is generally explained by indiscriminate mating to acquire more mates, but may partly be explained by male mate preference mechanisms that have developed to choose among conspecific females, as male preference for larger females causes mating with larger heterospecific females. recently, we found that males of the red spider mite, tetranychus ... | 2016 | 26530994 |
| testing for reproductive interference in the population dynamics of two congeneric species of herbivorous mites. | when phylogenetically close, two competing species may reproductively interfere, and thereby affect their population dynamics. we tested for reproductive interference (ri) between two congeneric haplo-diploid spider mites, tetranychus evansi and tetranychus urticae, by investigating their interspecific mating and their population dynamics when they competed on the same plants. they are both pests of tomato, but differ in the host plant defences that they suppress or induce. to reduce the effect ... | 2014 | 24865602 |
| dispersal behavior of tetranychus evansi and t. urticae on tomato at several spatial scales and densities: implications for integrated pest management. | studying distribution is necessary to understand and manage the dynamics of species with spatially structured populations. here we studied the distribution in tetranychus evansi and t. urticae, two mite pests of tomato, in the scope of evaluating factors that can influence the effectiveness of integrated pest management strategies. we found greater positive density-dependent distribution with t. evansi than t. urticae when assayed on single, detached tomato leaves. indeed, t. evansi distribution ... | 2014 | 24743580 |
| uncertainties in predicting species distributions under climate change: a case study using tetranychus evansi (acari: tetranychidae), a widespread agricultural pest. | many species are shifting their distributions due to climate change and to increasing international trade that allows dispersal of individuals across the globe. in the case of agricultural pests, such range shifts may heavily impact agriculture. species distribution modelling may help to predict potential changes in pest distributions. however, these modelling strategies are subject to large uncertainties coming from different sources. here we used the case of the tomato red spider mite (tetrany ... | 2013 | 23799105 |
| the invasive spider mite tetranychus evansi (acari: tetranychidae) alters community composition and host-plant use of native relatives. | the tomato spider mite tetranychus evansi baker and pritchard (acari: tetranychidae), is a worldwide pest of solanaceous crops that has recently invaded many parts of the world. in the present study we examined the ecological impact of its arrival in the mediterranean region. the spider mite and phytoseiid mite assemblages in various crop and non-crop plants in three areas of valencia (spain) were studied a few months before and 10 years after the invasion of t. evansi. according to rarefaction ... | 2013 | 23238959 |
| review of the invasion of tetranychus evansi: biology, colonization pathways, potential expansion and prospects for biological control. | in the last two decades the subtropical red tomato spider mite, tetranychus evansi, has expanded its geographical distribution and emerged as a major invasive agricultural pest. the mite is considered to be native to south america. since its first report from north-eastern brazil in 1952, it has been reported from different continents. this paper reviews literature on several aspects of the biology of t. evansi related to its status as an invasive species. it addresses taxonomical issues, occurr ... | 2013 | 22824945 |
| test of colonisation scenarios reveals complex invasion history of the red tomato spider mite tetranychus evansi. | the spider mite tetranychus evansi is an emerging pest of solanaceous crops worldwide. like many other emerging pests, its small size, confusing taxonomy, complex history of associations with humans, and propensity to start new populations from small inocula, make the study of its invasion biology difficult. here, we use recent developments in approximate bayesian computation (abc) and variation in multi-locus genetic markers to reconstruct the complex historical demography of this cryptic invas ... | 2012 | 22539983 |
| a herbivorous mite down-regulates plant defence and produces web to exclude competitors. | herbivores may interact with each other through resource competition, but also through their impact on plant defence. we recently found that the spider mite tetranychus evansi down-regulates plant defences in tomato plants, resulting in higher rates of oviposition and population growth on previously attacked than on unattacked leaves. the danger of such down-regulation is that attacked plants could become a more profitable resource for heterospecific competitors, such as the two-spotted spider m ... | 2011 | 21887311 |
| host plant resistance among tomato accessions to the spider mite tetranychus evansi in kenya. | the spider mite tetranychus evansi has a broad range of host plants. control of t. evansi has been a big challenge to tomato farmers due to its fast rate of reproduction, development of resistance to chemical pesticides and its ability to use weeds as alternative hosts when the tomato plants are not available. the aim of the current study was to determine the host plant acceptance and the relative contributions of trichomes in the control of the red spider mite by comparing the survival, develop ... | 2011 | 21479959 |
| pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. | the tomato red spider mite, tetranychus evansi (baker and pritchard), is a serious pest of solanaceous crops in many african countries. in this study an investigation has been conducted to establish whether mutation of the para-type sodium channel underlies pyrethroid resistance in t. evansi strains collected in southern malawi. | 2011 | 21432985 |
| a herbivore that manipulates plant defence. | phytopathogens and herbivores induce plant defences. whereas there is evidence that some pathogens suppress these defences by interfering with signalling pathways involved in the defence, such evidence is scarce for herbivores. we found that the invasive spider mite tetranychus evansi suppresses the induction of the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signalling routes involved in induced plant defences in tomato. this was reflected in the levels of inducible defence compounds, such as proteinase i ... | 2011 | 21299823 |
| reproductive performance of seven strains of the tomato red spider mite tetranychus evansi (acari: tetranychidae) at five temperatures. | the tomato red spider mite tetranychus evansi baker et pritchard occurs on solanaceous plants, and causes serious damage to a variety of crops in africa and europe. in 2001 this species was also found in japan, on nightshade (solanum nigrum l.), and its invasion to solanaceous of agricultural importance is feasible. to evaluate its potential severity as a pest, the present study assessed the life-history parameters, such as the rate of development and the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r(m) ... | 2010 | 20383565 |
| host range of neozygites floridana isolates (zygomycetes: entomophthorales) to spider mites. | neozygites floridana (weiser & muma) (zygomycetes: entomophthorales) has been reported infecting naturally at least 18 species of tetranychids worldwide. however, the host range of n. floridana is unknown. epizootics caused by this pathogen to tetranychid populations indicate that n. floridana has the potential to be used as a biological control agent. however, the virulence and specificity of species and strains of neozygites need to be assessed in the laboratory to reveal its potential as a bi ... | 2009 | 19699206 |
| modelling the potential distribution of the invasive tomato red spider mite, tetranychus evansi (acari: tetranychidae). | predicting the potential geographical distribution of a species is particularly important for pests with strong invasive abilities. tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard, possibly native to south america, is a spider mite pest of solanaceous crops. this mite is considered an invasive species in africa and europe. a climex model was developed to predict its global distribution. the model results fitted the known records of t. evansi except for some records in dry locations. dryness as well as exce ... | 2009 | 19153813 |
| role of entomopathogenic fungi in the control of tetranychus evansi and tetranychus urticae (acari: tetranychidae), pests of horticultural crops. | the spider mites tetranychus urticae koch and tetranychus evansi baker and pritchard are important pests of horticultural crops. they are infected by entomopathogenic fungi naturally or experimentally. fungal pathogens known to cause high infection in spider mite populations belong to the order entomophthorales and include neozygites spp. studies are being carried out to develop some of these fungi as mycoacaricides, as stand-alone control measures in an inundative strategy to replace the synthe ... | 2008 | 18685956 |