| [effect of the photoperiod and temperature on the fertility of different generations of the blood-sucking fly, culicoides pulicaris punctatus (ceratopogonidae)]. | it was established that the fecundity of females of different generations of c. p. punctatus, which are at the 1st gonotrophic cycle, is unequal. there was noted a decrease of the per cent of realisation of potential fecundity in females of the summer-autumn generation. the dependence of the virtual fecundity on the day length and temperature was studied. the differences in ther effect of these factors on the fecundity of females of the spring-summer and summer-autumn generations were found. | 1978 | 673458 |
| [photoperiodic induction of the diapause in the egg phase of the blood-sucking midge, culicoides pulicaris punctatus mg. (diptera, ceratopogonidae)]. | photoperiodic induction of diapause in c. p. punctatus was studied at a constant (25 degrees) and varying temperature (16 to 18 degrees). photosensitivity of females and eggs was established. the first and second generations of c. p. punctatus have a photoperiodic reaction of a long-day type. the effect of the light day and temperature on females of different generations is dissimilar. the tendency of diapause is higher in autumn females. | 1975 | 1221341 |
| intradermal challenge of icelandic horses with extracts of four species of the genus culicoides. | twenty-three icelandic horses were challenged with extracts of four species of biting midges: culicoides pulicaris, c chiopterus, c obsoletus and c impunctatus. fourteen of the tested horses were affected with summer eczema. the horses were challenged intradermally with 0.1 ml of whole-body extracts of midges at a concentration of 0.01 or 0.005 per cent weight/volume. the skin reactions were measured after 30 minutes, 60 or 180 minutes and four, 24 and 48 hours after injection. antigen titration ... | 1989 | 2595084 |
| [ultrafine structure of the malpighian tubules of hematophagous diptera]. | the ultrastructure of malpighian tubes of 5 species of bloodsucking diptera was studied: culicoides pulicaris, tabanus bromius, hybomitra schineri, haematopota pluvialis and stomoxys calcitrans. the malpighian tubes of the above species include the cells of two types. the most abundant cells of the 1st type contain many spherical inclusions which represent deposits of mineral compounds. the microvilli of the 1st type cells always contain mitochondria. cells of the 2nd type are characterized by a ... | 1985 | 3975070 |
| a reagin-like antibody in horse serum: 1. occurrence and some biological properties. | the demonstration of a reagin-like antibody against culicoides pulicaris extract in the serum of horses and ponies affected with recurrent seasonal dermatitis (sweet itch) is reported. this antibody can confer prauznitz-küstner (p-k) sensitivity on homologous skin for up to 5 days and, like human ige, is thermolabile and susceptible to 2-mercaptoethanol reduction. it is eluted on diethylaminoethyl dextran-52 anion exchange chromatography independently of igg, igg(t) and igm, and its elution char ... | 1983 | 6868343 |
| [biotopic distribution and the dynamics of the activity of blood-sucking biting midges, culicoides pulicaris punctatus, in the southern urals]. | | 1981 | 7231375 |
| the seasonal and geographical distribution of culicoides imicola, c. pulicaris group and c. obsoletus group biting midges in central and southern spain. | pirbright-type light traps were used to collect culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) at fifteen sites in twelve provinces of central spain and andalusia. a total of 293,625 culicoides were collected in 1,387 samples over a two year period. these comprised approximately 9.2% culicoides imicola, 11.4% c. pulicaris group, 1.6% c. obsoletus group and 12.2% c. circumscriptus. culicoides imicola was present at ten of the fifteen sites; the five sites from which it was absent were the mo ... | 1998 | 9785498 |
| seasonal distribution and relationship to temperature and precipitation of the most abundant species of culicoides in five provinces of andalusia, spain. | a total of 177,344 culicoides specimens were collected from 3,109 light trap collections made weekly from august 1990 to october 1991 at 62 sites in the provinces of cádiz, córdoba, huelva, seville, and málaga, spain. reported for the 1st time are culicoides agathensis, culicoides bahrainensis, culicoides marcleti, and culicoides odiatus in the iberian peninsula, and culicoides scoticus in andalusia, spain. as a group, culicoides were active throughout the year. the 3 most common species were cu ... | 1999 | 10480132 |
| spatial distribution of culicoides species in portugal in relation to the transmission of african horse sickness and bluetongue viruses. | surveillance of culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) biting midge vectors was carried out at 87 sites within a 50 x 50 km grid distributed across portugal, using light trap collections at the time of peak midge abundance. culicoides imicola (kieffer) made up 66% of the 55 937 culicoides in these summer collections. it was highly abundant in the central eastern portion of portugal, between 37 degrees 5' n and 41 degrees 5' n, and in a band across to the lisbon peninsula (at around 38 degrees 5' ... | 2003 | 12823834 |
| identification of a novel bluetongue virus vector species of culicoides in sicily. | the vectors of bluetongue virus are certain species of culicoides biting midges, and in the mediterranean area culicoides imicola has long been considered to be the only field vector. in sicily an entomological and serological surveillance programme has been in operation since the autumn of 2000, which has shown that the prevalence and abundance of c. imicola is lower than in many other italian regions. moreover, in 2002, there were outbreaks of bluetongue in the absence of c. imicola, and in th ... | 2003 | 12892265 |
| [seasonal quantitative variations of heleidae culicoides pulicaris l. and culicoides fascipennis staeg in voronezh high water biotopes]. | | 1958 | 13551633 |
| spatial distribution of bluetongue virus and its culicoides vectors in sicily. | during the recent mediterranean epizootic of bluetongue, an extensive programme of serological and vector (culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae)) surveillance was carried out across sicily. this paper presents the analysis of 911 light trap catches collected at the times of peak culicoides abundance (summer to autumn 2000-2002) in 269 sites, in order to produce detailed maps of the spatial distribution of the main european vector, culicoides imicola kieffer and that of potential no ... | 2004 | 15189232 |
| modelling the distributions of culicoides bluetongue virus vectors in sicily in relation to satellite-derived climate variables. | surveillance data from 268 sites in sicily are used to develop climatic models for prediction of the distribution of the main european bluetongue virus (btv) vector culicoides imicola kieffer (diptera: ceratopogonidae) and of potential novel vectors, culicoides pulicaris linnaeus, culicoides obsoletus group meigen and culicoides newsteadi austen. the models containing the 'best' climatic predictors of distribution for each species, were selected from combinations of 40 temporally fourier-process ... | 2004 | 15189233 |
| oral susceptibility to bluetongue virus of culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) from the united kingdom. | oral susceptibility to infection with bluetongue virus (family resviridae, genus orbivirus, btv) serotype 9 was characterized in three palaearctic species of culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae). variation in susceptibility to infection by using a recently described feeding technique was shown to occur between populations of culicoides obsoletus meigen complex midges from different geographic regions of the united kingdom with virus infection rates varying from 0.4 to 7.4% of those tested. susc ... | 2006 | 16506450 |
| phylogeny of the subgenus culicoides and related species in italy, inferred from internal transcribed spacer 2 ribosomal dna sequences. | biting midges of the genus culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) include vectors for the economically important animal diseases, bluetongue (bt) and african horse sickness (ahs). in the mediterranean basin, these diseases are transmitted by four species of culicoides: the first three belong in the subgenus avaritia fox and are culicoides imicola kieffer, culicoides obsoletus (meigen) and culicoides scoticus downes and kettle; the fourth is culicoides pulicaris (linnaeus) in the subgenus culicoid ... | 2006 | 16796616 |
| bluetongue vector species of culicoides in switzerland. | switzerland is historically recognized by the office internationale des epizooties as free from bluetongue disease (bt) because of its latitude and climate. with bluetongue virus (btv) moving north from the mediterranean, an entomological survey was conducted in switzerland in 2003 to assess the potential of the btv vectors present. a total of 39 cattle farms located in three geographical regions, the ticino region, the western region and the region of the grisons, were monitored during the vect ... | 2006 | 16874919 |
| distribution and abundance of bluetongue vectors in sardinia: comparison of field data with prediction maps. | following the spread of bluetongue virus (btv) in many mediterranean countries during the last 5 years, presence of the main btv vector, culicoides imicola kieffer (diptera: ceratopogonidae), was recorded in the region, including the island of sardinia where the first bt epidemic originally started in the year 2000. several models were also designed based on climate variables and satellite imaging in order to predict the presence and abundance of btv vectors across europe. a 3 years entomologica ... | 2006 | 16930274 |
| rapid diagnostic pcr assays for members of the culicoides obsoletus and culicoides pulicaris species complexes, implicated vectors of bluetongue virus in europe. | biting midges of the culicoides obsoletus meigen and culicoides pulicaris l. species complexes (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are increasingly implicated as vectors of bluetongue virus in palearctic regions. however, predicting epidemiological risk and the spread of disease is hampered because whilst vector competence of culicoides is expressed only in adult females, morphological identification of constituent species is only readily applicable to adult males and some species distinguishing traits h ... | 2007 | 17478060 |
| influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution and abundance of culicoides imicola and the obsoletus complex in italy. | culicoides imicola kieffer (culicoides, diptera: ceratopogonidae) is the principal vector of bluetongue virus (btv) to ruminant livestock in southern europe. the secondary potential vectors are culicoides obsoletus (meigen) and culicoides scoticus downes and kettle of the obsoletus complex, culicoides pulicaris (linnaeus) of the pulicaris complex and culicoides dewulfi goetghebuer of the subgenus avaritia fox. between 2000 and 2004 >38,000 light-trap collections were made for culicoides across i ... | 2007 | 17997043 |
| the phenology and population dynamics of culicoides spp. in different ecosystems in the netherlands. | the netherlands has enjoyed a relatively free state of vector-borne diseases of economic importance for more than one century. emerging infectious diseases may change this situation, threatening the health of humans, domestic livestock and wildlife. in order to be prepared for the potential outbreak of vector-borne diseases, a study was undertaken to investigate the distribution and seasonal dynamics of candidate vectors of infectious diseases with emphasis on bluetongue vectors (culicoides spp. ... | 2008 | 18639947 |
| vector monitoring at belgian outbreak sites during the bluetongue epidemic of 2006. | in response to the first bluetongue outbreak in belgium a monitoring programme was started at the end of august 2006 to identify possible vectors transmitting the disease. black light traps were deployed at 36 outbreak sites and captured 1959 culicoides specimens belonging to 16 different species. eighty four percent of the biting midges captured belonged to the c. obsoletus complex, among them c. obsoletus s.s., c. dewulfi and c. scoticus, three suspected bluetongue vectors. the veterinary and ... | 2008 | 18640732 |
| the culicoides 'snapshot': a novel approach used to assess vector densities widely and rapidly during the 2006 outbreak of bluetongue (bt) in the netherlands. | a novel method was developed and implemented during the recent outbreak of bluetongue (bt) in sheep and cattle in the netherlands to obtain rapidly a 'snapshot' of culicoides vector densities at the national level. the country was divided into 110 raster cells, each measuring 20 km x 20 km; within 106 of these cells, a farm was selected with a minimum of 10 cattle and sampled for culicoides for one night only using the onderstepoort-type blacklight trap. prior to deployment of the light traps in ... | 2008 | 18657871 |
| ecological correlates of bluetongue virus in spain: predicted spatial occurrence and its relationship with the observed abundance of the potential culicoides spp. vector. | using data from bluetongue (bt) outbreaks caused by viral serotype 4 (btv-4) in spain during 2004-2005, a predictive model for btv-4 occurrence in peninsular spain was developed. an autologistic regression model was employed to estimate the relationships between btv-4 presence and bioclimatic-related and host-availability-related variables. in addition, the observed abundances of the main potential culicoides vectors during 2004-2005, namely culicoides imicola, culicoides obsoletus group, and sp ... | 2009 | 18667341 |
| endophily in culicoides associated with btv-infected cattle in the province of limburg, south-eastern netherlands, 2006. | culicoides were captured at a btv-infected dairy near gulpen in the province of limburg (south-east netherlands) between 14 september and 4 october 2006. onderstepoort-type blacklight traps were used to sample culicoides both inside and outside a partially open shed housing 11 cattle. a total of 28 light trap collections were made at the shed and yielded: 9371 culicoides representing 11 species; >90% comprised five potential vectors of btv and in order of abundance were culicoides obsoletus and ... | 2008 | 18672304 |
| control techniques for culicoides biting midges and their application in the u.k. and northwestern palaearctic. | the recent emergence of bluetongue virus (reoviridae: orbivirus) (btv) in northern europe, for the first time in recorded history, has led to an urgent need for methods to control the disease caused by this virus and the midges that spread it. this paper reviews various methods of vector control that have been employed elsewhere and assesses their likely efficacy for controlling vectors of btv in northern europe. methods of controlling culicoides spp. (diptera: ceratopogonidae) have included: (a ... | 2008 | 18816267 |
| effects of permethrin (flypor) and fenvalerate (acadrex60, arkofly) on culicoides species-the vector of bluetongue virus. | bluetongue disease struggles ruminants in europe since summer 2006, introducing high levels of morbidity and mortality. besides vaccination, the application of insecticides is another means to protect cattle and sheep from infections with the bluetongue virus, which is transmitted in europe by female specimens of culicoides species (culicoides obsoletus and in a few cases of culicoides pulicaris and culicoides dewulfi). the present study deals with the effects of permethrin (flypor) and fenvaler ... | 2009 | 19015876 |
| adaptive strategies of african horse sickness virus to facilitate vector transmission. | african horse sickness virus (ahsv) is an orbivirus that is usually transmitted between its equid hosts by adult culicoides midges. in this article, we review the ways in which ahsv may have adapted to this mode of transmission. the ahsv particle can be modified by the ph or proteolytic enzymes of its immediate environment, altering its ability to infect different cell types. the degree of pathogenesis in the host and vector may also represent adaptations maximising the likelihood of successful ... | 2009 | 19094921 |
| feeding patterns of biting midges of the culicoides obsoletus and culicoides pulicaris groups on selected farms in brandenburg, germany. | host feeding patterns of engorged sibling species of the culicoides obsoletus and culicoides pulicaris groups captured during three nights on two selected farms maintaining either cattle, sheep, horses, and pigs (seedorf, brandenburg) or cattle, sheep, moufflons, and red and fallow deer (paulinenaue, brandenburg) were determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification using conserved primers and sets of species-specific primers derived from vertebrates mitochondrial cytochrome b. out of a tot ... | 2009 | 19308450 |
| monitoring of culicoides at 20 locations in northwest germany. | entomological monitoring was carried out from april 2007 to may 2008 at 20 locations in the areas of lower saxony, schleswig-holstein, hamburg, and bremen. a total number of 26 culicoides species were sampled by light traps during the first week of every month. culicoides diversity was highest in summer, achieving more than 20 species and genera per month. numbers of culicoides were highest in spring and summer with a maximum of 325,000 individuals in may 2008 at a single location. during the wi ... | 2009 | 19319571 |
| bluetongue disease in germany (2007-2008): monitoring of entomological aspects. | in the summer of 2006, a bluetongue epidemic started in the border area of belgium, the netherlands, and germany, spread within 2 years over large areas of western and central europe, and caused substantial losses in farm ruminants. especially sheep and cattle were severely affected, leading to a case-fatality ratio of nearly 40% in sheep (conraths et al., emerg inf dis 15(3):433-435, 2009). the german federal ministry of food, agriculture, and consumer protection (bmelv) established a countrywi ... | 2009 | 19322587 |
| monitoring of ceratopogonidae in southwest germany. | within the entomological monitoring program of the german federal ministry of food, agriculture, and user protection (bmelv), at 12 cattle farms in rhineland-palatinate and two in saarland, ultraviolet lamp traps were used to monitor the distribution and seasonal appearance of potential vectors of the bluetongue virus, with special consideration of species of culicoides. using the traps during the first seven nights of each month from april 2007 to may 2008, 5,000-120,000 ceratopogonids were cau ... | 2009 | 19340458 |
| genebank accession numbers of sequences of culicoides species vectors of bluetongue virus in germany. | the paper offers the genebank accession numbers of culicoides obsoletus, culicoides scoticus and culicoides pulicaris sequences (its 1, its 2, 18s rrna) that had been shown to be vectors of the bluetongue virus serotype 8, which was introduced in 2006 into germany and spread until 2009 all over central europe, including parts of england. the numbers are fn 263292 until fn 263323. | 2009 | 19424722 |
| an investigation on the culicoides species composition at seven sites in southern switzerland. | in the past decade, there have been regular outbreaks of bluetongue (bt) in many parts of europe. owing to the presence of bt disease and its vectors in countries adjacent to switzerland, an initial entomological survey was conducted in 2003, which established the presence of several midges of the genus culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae). subsequently, a sentinel herd monitoring system was established with the primary entomological aim being the determination and further study of culicoides p ... | 2009 | 19493190 |
| discrimination of culicoides midge larvae using multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays based on dna sequence variation at the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase i gene. | the recent spread of bluetongue disease in northwestern europe has indicated the ability of palaearctic culicoides species to vector the disease. because the different midge species vary in their ability to harbor and transmit the bluetongue virus, quick and reliable identification is necessary to resolve the species composition of midge communities, both adult and larval, at any place at any given time point. given that morphological identification of culicoides species is problematic, we devel ... | 2009 | 19496434 |
| identification of cryptic species of culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) in the subgenus culicoides and development of species-specific pcr assays based on barcode regions. | culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are vectors of important diseases affecting wild and domestic animals. during the last decade they have played a major role in the epidemiology of the largest bluetongue epizootic ever recorded in europe, the disease is transmitted between hosts almost exclusively by bites of culicoides midges and affects both domestic and wild ruminants however severe disease usually occurs in certain breeds of sheep and some species of deer. an accurate vecto ... | 2009 | 19682796 |
| monitoring of putative vectors of bluetongue virus serotype 8, germany. | to identify the vectors of bluetongue virus (btv) in germany, we monitored culicoides spp. biting midges during april 2007-may 2008. molecular characterization of batches of midges that tested positive for btv suggests c. obsoletus sensu stricto as a relevant vector of bluetongue disease in central europe. | 2009 | 19788820 |
| monitoring of biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae: culicoides latreille) on farms in sweden during the emergence of the 2008 epidemic of bluetongue. | in light of the emergence of bluetongue in northern europe, populations of culicoides species were monitored in 2007-2008 by means of onderstepoort blacklight suction traps operating at livestock farms in sweden. the location of the 22 sampling sites ranged from about latitude 55 degrees n to about 68 degrees n. a total of 61,669 male and female culicoides were captured, of which, 52,319 were trapped outside the farms and 9,350 in byres or livestock sheds. thirty-three culicoides species were re ... | 2010 | 20174825 |
| contribution to the knowledge of culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) host preferences in france. | knowledge on host-feeding pattern of blood-sucking insects helps to understand the epidemiology of a vector-born disease. we determined blood meal origin from blood-fed culicoides thanks to molecular techniques. a set of primers was used to selectively amplify segment of vertebrates' prepronociceptin gene from abdomen of engorged culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae). vertebrate dna was successfully amplified in 91% of blood-fed culicoides assayed. direct sequencing and comparison of resultant s ... | 2010 | 20967462 |
| molecular identification of bloodmeals from biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae: culicoides latreille) in denmark. | culicoides vectors are critical to the survival and transmission of bluetongue virus as infection only occurs in areas or regions where competent vectors are present. the success of culicoides biting midges as vectors is mainly related to their vast population sizes and to their means of dispersal. their choice of host for blood feeding is sparsely described. the aim of the present study was to establish methods for the identification of bloodmeal hosts and determine the identity and diversity o ... | 2010 | 20978788 |
| assessment of vector/host contact: comparison of animal-baited traps and uv-light/suction trap for collecting culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae), vectors of orbiviruses. | abstract: | 2011 | 21707980 |
| molecular differentiation of culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) from the subgenus culicoides latreille in denmark. | identification of culicoides biting midges to species has attracted attention due to the recent outbreak of bluetongue disease in northern europe. identification of culicoides to species level has been based on morphological characters and is difficult as several species belonging to species complexes are hard to distinguish. we evaluated the use of the mitochondrial dna cytochrome oxidase i gene (coi) barcode region in the identification of species within the subgenus culicoides. coi barcode se ... | 2011 | 22037825 |
| phenology and attraction of potential culicoides vectors of bluetongue virus in basque country (northern spain). | bluetongue virus is transmitted by culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae). culicoides associated with livestock were captured using cdc blacklight traps at three btv-infected farms in basque country between november 2007 and december 2008. twenty-seven and nineteen culicoides species were collected in outdoor and indoor habitats respectively. indoor insect community represented 86.1% of the whole captured individual biting midges. culicoides obsoletus/culicoides scoticus (two siblin ... | 2011 | 22137350 |
| Impacts of climate, host and landscape factors on Culicoides species in Scotland. | Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) vector a wide variety of internationally important arboviral pathogens of livestock and represent a widespread biting nuisance. This study investigated the influence of landscape, host and remotely-sensed climate factors on local abundance of livestock-associated species in Scotland, within a hierarchical generalized linear model framework. The Culicoides obsoletus group and the Culicoides pulicaris group accounted for 56% and 41%, respectively ... | 2011 | 22103842 |
| Seasonal dynamics of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae: Culicoides), the potential vectors of bluetongue virus, in Sweden. | The outbreak of bluetongue (BT) in northern Europe 2006 initiated the monitoring of vectors, biting midges of the genus Culicoides in Sweden. In order to determine the diversity, distribution and seasonal dynamics of Culicoides, weekly collections were made during 2008 and during March-December 2009 using the Ondestepoort Veterinary Institute black light trap. Twenty sampling sites were selected in 12 provinces. In total of 30,704 Culicoides were collected in 2008 and 32,252 in 2009. The most ab ... | 2011 | 21944873 |
| rna interference targets arbovirus replication in culicoides cells. | arboviruses are transmitted to vertebrate hosts by biting arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes, ticks, and midges. these viruses replicate in both arthropods and vertebrates and are thus exposed to different antiviral responses in these organisms. rna interference (rnai) is a sequence-specific rna degradation mechanism that has been shown to play a major role in the antiviral response against arboviruses in mosquitoes. culicoides midges are important vectors of arboviruses, known to transmit pat ... | 2012 | 23269795 |
| drosophila melanogaster as a model organism for bluetongue virus replication and tropism. | bluetongue virus (btv) is the etiological agent of bluetongue (bt), a hemorrhagic disease of ruminants that can cause high levels of morbidity and mortality. btv is an arbovirus transmitted between its ruminant hosts by culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae). recently, europe has experienced some of the largest bt outbreaks ever recorded, including areas with no known history of the disease, leading to unprecedented economic and animal welfare issues. the current lack of genomic res ... | 2012 | 22674991 |
| some new records of culicoides species (diptera: ceratopogonidae) from iran. | biting midges of the genus culicoides act as vectors for important diseases affecting humans and both wild and domestic animals. collection of adult culicoides specimens in the near vicinity of vertebrate hosts is the major part of any bluetongue surveillance plan. there are old records of culicoides species dated from 1963, 1968 and 1975. therefore, it was decided to collect different ceratopogonids members using a light trap. | 2016 | 28032099 |
| culicoides species communities associated with wild ruminant ecosystems in spain: tracking the way to determine potential bridge vectors for arboviruses. | the genus culicoides latreille 1809 is a well-known vector for protozoa, filarial worms and, above all, numerous viruses. the bluetongue virus (btv) and the recently emerged schmallenberg virus (sbv) are responsible for important infectious, non-contagious, insect-borne viral diseases found in domestic ruminants and transmitted by culicoides spp. both of these diseases have been detected in wild ruminants, but their role as reservoirs during the vector-free season still remains relatively unknow ... | 2015 | 26510136 |
| hyaluronidase activity in saliva of european culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae). | biting midges of the genus culicoides transmit pathogens of veterinary importance such as bluetongue virus (reoviridae: orbivirus). the saliva of culicoides is known to contain bioactive molecules including peptides and proteins with vasodilatory and immunomodulative properties. in this study, we detected activity of enzyme hyaluronidase in six culicoides species that commonly occur in europe and that are putative vectors of arboviruses. hyaluronidase was present in all species studied, although ... | 2015 | 26487248 |
| towards the pcr-based identification of palaearctic culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae): results from an international ring trial targeting four species of the subgenus avaritia. | biting midges of the genus culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are biological vectors of internationally important arboviruses. to understand the role of culicoides in the transmission of these viruses, it is essential to correctly identify the species involved. within the western palaearctic region, the main suspected vector species, c. obsoletus, c. scoticus, c. dewulfi and c. chiopterus, have similar wing patterns, which makes it difficult to separate and identify them correctly. | 2014 | 24884950 |
| role of different culicoides vectors (diptera: ceratopogonidae) in bluetongue virus transmission and overwintering in sardinia (italy). | bluetongue (bt) epidemics have affected the mediterranean island of sardinia since 2000. while culicoides imicola represents the main bluetongue virus (btv) vector, other european culicoides biting midges, possibly implicated in virus transmission, have been detected here. understanding their distribution, seasonal abundance, and infection rates is necessary to predict disease incidence and spread across coastal and inland areas, and to define their role in virus overwintering. | 2016 | 27502924 |
| a comparison of commercial light-emitting diode baited suction traps for surveillance of culicoides in northern europe. | the response of culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) to artificial light sources has led to the use of light-suction traps in surveillance programmes. recent integration of light emitting diodes (led) in traps improves flexibility in trapping through reduced power requirements and also allows the wavelength of light used for trapping to be customized. this study investigates the responses of culicoides to led light-suction traps emitting different wavelengths of light to make reco ... | 2015 | 25896343 |
| delineation of culicoides species by morphology and barcode exemplified by three new species of the subgenus culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) from scandinavia. | culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) cause biting nuisance to livestock and humans and are vectors of a range of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. despite their economic significance, the delineation and identification of species where only morphology is considered, as well as the evolutionary relationships between species within this genus remains problematic. in recent years molecular barcoding has assisted substantially in the identification of biting midges in th ... | 2015 | 25889579 |
| characterizing the species composition of european culicoides vectors by means of the köppen-geiger climate classification. | biting midges of the genus culicoides spp. (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are vectors for the bluetongue virus, the african horse sickness virus and the recently emerged schmallenberg virus. here, species of the c. obsoletus complex, the c. pulicaris complex and c. imicola were considered. the objective was to compile a map of these culicoides species and their relation to the popular climate classification defined by wladimir köppen and rudolf geiger to provide a quick view on the species compositi ... | 2013 | 24267276 |
| identity and diversity of blood meal hosts of biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae: culicoides latreille) in denmark. | host preference studies in haematophagous insects e.g. culicoides biting midges are pivotal to assess transmission routes of vector-borne diseases and critical for the development of veterinary contingency plans to identify which species should be included due to their risk potential. species of culicoides have been found in almost all parts of the world and known to live in a variety of habitats. several parasites and viruses are transmitted by culicoides biting midges including bluetongue viru ... | 2012 | 22824422 |
| a review of african horse sickness and its implications for ireland. | african horse sickness is an economically highly important non-contagious but infectious orbivirus disease that is transmitted by various species of culicoides midges. the equids most severely affected by the virus are horses, ponies, and european donkeys; mules are somewhat less susceptible, and african donkeys and zebra are refractory to the devastating consequences of infection. in recent years, bluetongue virus, an orbivirus similar to african horse sickness, which also utilises culicoides s ... | 2012 | 22553991 |
| activity of culicoides spp. (diptera: ceratopogonidae) inside and outside of livestock stables in late winter and spring. | culicoides latreille, 1809 midge species are the putative vectors of bluetongue virus (btv) and schmallenberg virus (sbv) in europe. to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of the diseases, basic knowledge about the overwintering of the vectors is needed. therefore, we investigated culicoid activity in relation to air temperature at livestock stables during late winter and spring season. ceratopogonids were captured weekly indoors and outdoors on three cattle farms, three horse farms ... | 2017 | 28054179 |
| vector species of culicoides midges implicated in the 2012‑2014 bluetongue epidemics in italy. | in 2012, serotypes 1 and 4 of bluetongue virus (btv) entered and co‑circulated in sardinia. the following year, btv‑1 spread all over sardinia and invaded sicily and the italian tyrrenian coast. in 2014, this strain spread extensively in mainland italy, causing severe outbreaks. in late 2014, btv‑4 was detected in southern italy (apulia region). this study reports the detection of btv in species of culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) collected in italy during the epidemics between 2012 and 201 ... | 2015 | 26129664 |
| first detection of endosymbiotic bacteria in biting midges culicoides pulicaris and culicoides punctatus, important palaearctic vectors of bluetongue virus. | heritable bacteria have been highlighted as important components of vector biology, acting as required symbionts with an anabolic role, altering competence for disease transmission, and affecting patterns of gene flow by altering cross compatibility. in this paper, we tested eight u.k. species of culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) midge for the presence of five genera of endosymbiotic bacteria: cardinium (bacteroidales: bacteroidaceae); wolbachia (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae); spiroplasma ( ... | 2014 | 24612104 |
| monitoring bluetongue virus vectors in andalusia (sw europe): culicoides species composition and factors affecting capture rates of the biting midge culicoides imicola. | in this work, we summarize the results of captures of culicoides species in andalusia (s spain) during 2007-2008. four out of the 15 midge species-culicoides imicola, culicoides obsoletus complex, culicoides pulicaris complex, and culicoides nubeculosus-accounted for 80.7 % of captures (n = 68,190). captures were seasonal and mostly occurred in may-november. the overall number of culicoides specimens captured and the mean number of caught per trap were higher in 2007. we used an information-theo ... | 2012 | 22610444 |
| community analysis of biting midges (culicoides latr.) on livestock farms in denmark. | this study presents descriptive statistics and community analysis of adult biting midges trapped at 16 livestock farms by means of light traps on zealand and lolland-falster, denmark. a total of 9,047 male and female culicoides divided into 24 species, were caught. biotic and abiotic factors ranging from presence of different host species (cattle or sheep/goats), presence of small woody areas or wetlands in the surrounding landscape, and agricultural practice (organic or conventional) were inclu ... | 2014 | 25326377 |
| culicoides monitoring in belgium in 2011: analysis of spatiotemporal abundance, species diversity and schmallenberg virus detection. | in 2011, culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) were collected at 16 locations covering four regions of belgium with onderstepoort veterinary institute (ovi) traps and at two locations with rothamsted suction traps (rsts). quantification of the collections and morphological identification showed important variations in abundance and species diversity between individual collection sites, even for sites located in the same region. however, consistently higher numbers of culicoides midges were colle ... | 2015 | 25761054 |
| comparative study of antennal and maxillary palp olfactory sensilla of female biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae: culicoides) in the context of host preference and phylogeny. | culicoides biting midges (diptera ceratopogonidae) are vectors of disease, including bluetongue and african horse sickness. host preference of these insects is primarily regulated by olfactory cues, detected by olfactory sensilla on the antennae and maxillary palps. in this study, we analyzed the sensillum repertoire of biting midge species with known host preferences. five different morphological sensillum types, sensilla trichodea, s. chaetica, s. ampullacea, s. coeloconica, and grooved peg se ... | 2013 | 23802442 |
| morphology and dna barcoding reveal three species in one: description of culicoides cryptipulicaris sp. nov. and culicoides quasipulicaris sp. nov. in the subgenus culicoides. | species of the genus culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are well known for their importance in the field of medical and veterinary entomology. culicoides spp. transmit a wide variety of pathogens, primarily viruses that affect animals and humans. in europe, the most economically important disease transmitted by culicoides is bluetongue (bt). culicoides spp. have been recently involved as primary vectors for schmallenberg disease. the taxonomy within the subgenus culicoides has been historical ... | 2017 | 28370147 |
| identifying environmental drivers of insect phenology across space and time: culicoides in scotland as a case study. | interpreting spatial patterns in the abundance of species over time is a fundamental cornerstone of ecological research. for many species, this type of analysis is hampered by datasets that contain a large proportion of zeros, and data that are overdispersed and spatially autocorrelated. this is particularly true for insects, for which abundance data can fluctuate from zero to many thousands in the space of weeks. increasingly, an understanding of the ways in which environmental variation drives ... | 2013 | 22846228 |
| schmallenberg virus in culicoides latreille (diptera: ceratopogonidae) populations in france during 2011-2012 outbreak. | following the emergence of the schmallenberg virus (sbv) in 2011 in germany and its rapid spread in europe, culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) collected through the french surveillance network were analysed in order to record the presence of virus genome into species diversity collected, to assess the minimum infectious rates (mir) and the virus circulation dynamics in culicoides populations. two vector activity periods were selected (2011, august to october, 53 sites and 2012, june to octobe ... | 2017 | 28815930 |
| revealing potential bridge vectors for btv and sbv: a study on culicoides blood feeding preferences in natural ecosystems in spain. | several species of culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are vectors of pathogens, such as the bluetongue (btv) and schmallenberg (sbv) viruses, which cause important diseases in domestic and wild ruminants. as wild ruminants can contribute to overwintering and epizootics of both diseases, knowledge of the host-feeding behaviour of culicoides in natural ecosystems is important to better understand their epidemiology. blood-engorged culicoides females trapped in natural areas inhabited by differe ... | 2017 | 28857265 |
| description of culicoides (culicoides) bysta n. sp., a new member of the pulicaris group (diptera: ceratopogonidae) from slovakia. | species of the genus culicoides latreille, 1809 (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are mainly known as vectors of arboviruses such as bluetongue (btv) and schmallenberg (sbv). among the known vectors, few species within the subgenus culicoides latreille, 1809 have been implicated in the transmission of btv and sbv. nevertheless, phylogenetic studies had revealed the presence of cryptic and undescribed species in europe, raising questions about their vectorial role. a previous integrative study, associat ... | 2017 | 28578677 |