| functional behaviour of isolated heart muscle mitochondria after in situ ischemia. polarographic analysis of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. | heart muscle mitochondria with satisfactory functional parameters of oxidative phosphorylation and with morphologically intact structure were isolated from canine myocardium employing a modified kea-medium (0.18 m kcl, 10 mm edta, 0.5% bovine serum albumin, ph 7.1) according to sordahl and schwartz (1). the functional behaviour of mitochondria was investigated after different durations of in situ ischemia (cardioplegia, 15 degrees c) and correlated with metabolic findings. during ischemia the fo ... | 1977 | 204284 |
| ca2+-uptake and -release phenomena from cardiac mitochondria under normal and ischemic conditions. | guinea-pig and dog heart mitochondria were isolated in a kea-medium. ca2+-transport across mitochondrial membranes was measured continuously with an aminco dual-wavelength-spectrophotometer and murexide as a ca2+-sensitive indicator. ischemia was produced by cardioplegia at 15 degrees c according to bretschneider. guinea-pig heart mitochondria as well as mitochondria from dog heart show a spontaneous ca2+-release without nonphysiological influence. addition of 3.5 m na+ can induce a very quick r ... | 1978 | 656015 |
| isolation of chlamydia psittaci from newly imported keas (nestor notabilis). | | 1984 | 6719778 |
| [polyomavirus infections in exotic birds in switzerland]. | polyomavirus infections in budgerigars, in other parrots as well as in passeriformes have been described in many countries, but not in switzerland so far. this paper reports on cases of polyomavirus infections in three different bird collections in switzerland. the first outbreak occurred in a mixed collection of passeriformes, the second in a collection of parrotlets (genus forpus), and the third in a large groups of parrots (psittaciformes), of which only one recently acquired kea (nestor nota ... | 1999 | 10354740 |
| alternative indicator bacteria analyses for evaluating the sanitary condition of beef carcasses. | sponge samples were obtained from 47 (study 1) and 32 (study 2) beef carcasses in a small plant over 6 months. in study 2, slaughter equipment surfaces were also sampled. in study 1, the petrifilm method was used to count presumptive escherichia coli and spread plating on kanamycin esculin azide (kea) agar with and without 40% added bile was used to count presumptive enterococcus spp. qualitative testing for presumptive e. coli and enterococcus spp. in study 1 was done using lauryl sulfate trypt ... | 2000 | 10643769 |
| the evolution of the spindlin gene in birds: sequence analysis of an intron of the spindlin w and z gene reveals four major divisions of the psittaciformes. | the psittaciformes (parrots, parakeets) are among the most widely held captive birds. yet, their evolution and their phylogenetic relationships have been relatively little studied. this paper describes the phylogenetic relationships between a number of psittaciformes as derived from the sequences of the third intron of the z-chromosomal and w-chromosomal spindlin genes. the z-chromosomal sequences of the kakapo (strigops habroptilus), the kea (nestor notabilis), and the kaka (nestor meridionalis ... | 2005 | 16099384 |
| [what is the link between the sister of the "titanic" and the history of medicine in palestine?]. | on 21st november 1916, the royal navy hospital ship 'britannic' (the sister ship of the 'titanic') was torpedoed near the island of kea in the aegean sea. captain dr. john cropper, aged 52, was one of 30 people who drowned of the 1100 on board. dr. cropper was born in 1864, at guisborough, england. he obtained his medical degree from cambridge university in 1891. after his marriage to anne ellen walker in 1895, the church missionary society sent him on a medical mission to palestine. dr. cropper ... | 2006 | 16838904 |
| technical intelligence in animals: the kea model. | the ability to act on information flexibly is one of the cornerstones of intelligent behavior. as particularly informative example, tool-oriented behavior has been investigated to determine to which extent nonhuman animals understand means-end relations, object affordances, and have specific motor skills. even planning with foresight, goal-directed problem solving and immediate causal inference have been a focus of research. however, these cognitive abilities may not be restricted to tool-using ... | 2006 | 16909237 |
| evidence of feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus, and toxoplasma gondii in feral cats on mauna kea, hawaii. | we determined prevalence to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antibodies, feline leukemia virus (felv) antigen, and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in feral cats (felis catus) on mauna kea hawaii from april 2002 to may 2004. six of 68 (8.8%) and 11 of 68 (16.2%) cats were antibody positive to fiv and antigen positive for felv, respectively; 25 of 67 (37.3%) cats were seropositive to t. gondii. antibodies to felv and t. gondii occurred in all age and sex classes, but fiv occurred only in adult mal ... | 2007 | 17495320 |
| death by chocolate: a fatal problem for an inquisitive wild parrot. | an adult male kea (nestor notabilis) in good body condition was found dead at aoraki/mt cook village, in the southern alps of new zealand. the bird had previously been involved in behavioural tests of problem-solving ability. clinical and pathological findings: the bird had substantial subcutaneous and abdominal reserves of fat. the crop contained 20 g of what appeared to be dark chocolate; a conservative estimate of the dose of methylxanthines ingested by the bird was 250 mg/kg theobromine, 20 ... | 2007 | 17534419 |
| fibered confocal microscopy of bladder tumors: an ex vivo study. | the inadequacy of white-light cystoscopy to detect flat bladder tumors is well recognized. great interest exists in developing other imaging technologies to augment or supplant conventional cystoscopy. fibered confocal microscopy offers the promise of providing in vivo histopathologic information to help distinguish malignant from benign bladder lesions. we report the initial use of this technology to visualize tumors in the human bladder. | 2009 | 19196063 |
| evidence for increased olfactory receptor gene repertoire size in two nocturnal bird species with well-developed olfactory ability. | in vertebrates, the molecular basis of the sense of smell is encoded by members of a large gene family, namely olfactory receptor (or) genes. both the total number of or genes and the proportion of intact or genes in a genome may indicate the importance of the sense of smell for an animal. there is behavioral, physiological, and anatomical evidence that some bird species, in particular nocturnal birds, have a well developed sense of smell. therefore, we hypothesized that nocturnal birds with goo ... | 2009 | 19467156 |
| evidence of lead exposure in a free-ranging population of kea (nestor notabilis). | kea (nestor notabilis) are high country parrots endemic to new zealand. the foraging behavior and inquisitive nature of kea have led to incidences of foreign substance ingestion, including lead. between april 2006 and november 2007, 38 kea in aoraki/mount cook national park, new zealand, were captured, and blood was sampled for blood lead analysis. all birds sampled had detectable blood lead with concentrations ranging from 0.028 mg/l to 3.43 mg/l (mean+/-se, 0.428+/-0.581 mg/l). a retrospective ... | 2010 | 20688646 |
| reversion to virulence and efficacy of an attenuated canarypox vaccine in hawai'i 'amakihi (hemignathus virens). | vaccines may be effective tools for protecting small populations of highly susceptible endangered, captive-reared, or translocated hawaiian honeycreepers from introduced avipoxvirus, but their efficacy has not been evaluated. an attenuated canarypox vaccine that is genetically similar to one of two passerine avipoxvirus isolates from hawai'i and distinct from fowlpox was tested to evaluate whether hawai'i 'amakihi (hemignathus virens) can be protected from wild isolates of avipoxvirus from the h ... | 2012 | 23272348 |
| effect of different ascent profiles on performance at 4,200 m elevation. | two groups of sea level residents were studied at the summit of mauna kea (4,200 m elevation) following ascent by vehicle. "commuters" spent 6 h at the summit, while "shiftworkers" lived on the mountain for 5 d. although pao2 levels were lower in commuters, they experienced fewer altitude sickness symptoms than shiftworkers on the first day at 4,200 m. after 5 d, shiftworkers reported fewer symptoms and performed better at tests of numerate memory and psychomotor ability than commuters. at high ... | 2014 | 3929759 |
| conserved and diversified gene families of monovalent cation/h(+) antiporters from algae to flowering plants. | all organisms have evolved strategies to regulate ion and ph homeostasis in response to developmental and environmental cues. one strategy is mediated by monovalent cation-proton antiporters (cpa) that are classified in two superfamilies. many cpa1 genes from bacteria, fungi, metazoa, and plants have been functionally characterized; though roles of plant cpa2 genes encoding k(+)-efflux antiporter (kea) and cation/h(+) exchanger (chx) families are largely unknown. phylogenetic analysis showed tha ... | 2012 | 22639643 |
| the advantage of objects over images in discrimination and reversal learning by kea, nestor notabilis. | studies investigating the same paradigm but employing different methods are often directly compared in the literature. one such paradigm used to assess behavioural flexibility in animals is reversal learning. commonly, these studies require individuals to learn the reward contingency of either solid objects presented on the ground or images presented on a touchscreen. once learned, these contingencies are swapped. researchers often refer to trials required to reach learning criteria from differe ... | 0 | 25745190 |
| reasoning by exclusion in the kea (nestor notabilis). | reasoning by exclusion, i.e. the ability to understand that if there are only two possibilities and if it is not a, it must be b, has been a topic of great interest in recent comparative cognition research. many studies have investigated this ability, employing different methods, but rarely exploring concurrent decision processes underlying choice behaviour of non-human animals encountering inconsistent or incomplete information. here, we employed a novel training and test method in order to per ... | 2016 | 27209174 |
| evolution of circoviruses in lorikeets lags behind its hosts. | the presence of endogenous viral elements in host genomes hints towards much older host-virus relationships than predicted by exogenous phylogenies, with highly mutable single-stranded dna (ssdna) viruses and rna viruses often occupying entangled multispecies ecological niches. the difficulty lies in unravelling the long-term evolutionary history of vertebrate virus-host relationships and determining the age of a potentially ancient tree based only fresh shoots at the tips. resolving such lineag ... | 2016 | 27118178 |
| arabidopsis kea2, a homolog of bacterial kefc, encodes a k(+)/h(+) antiporter with a chloroplast transit peptide. | kea genes encode putative k(+) efflux antiporters that are predominantly found in algae and plants but are rare in metazoa; however, nothing is known about their functions in eukaryotic cells. plant kea proteins show homology to bacterial k(+) efflux (kef) transporters, though two members in the arabidopsis thaliana family, atkea1 and atkea2, have acquired an extra hydrophilic domain of over 500 residues at the amino terminus. we show that atkea2 is highly expressed in leaves, stems and flowers, ... | 2012 | 22551943 |
| a short motif in the n-terminal part of the coat protein is a host-specific determinant of systemic infectivity for two potyviruses. | although the biological variability of watermelon mosaic virus is limited, isolates from the three main molecular groups differ in their ability to infect systemically chenopodium quinoa. mutations were introduced in a motif of three or five amino acids located in the n-terminal part of the coat protein, and differing in isolates from group 1 (motif: lysine-glutamic acid-alanine (lys-glu-ala) or kea, systemic on c. quinoa), group 2 (lys-glu-thr or ket, not systemic on c. quinoa) and group 3 (kek ... | 2014 | 24118745 |
| chronic west nile virus infection in kea (nestor notabilis). | six kea (nestor notabilis) in human care, naturally infected with west nile virus (wnv) lineage 2 in vienna, austria, in 2008, developed mild to fatal neurological signs. wnv rna persisted and the virus evolved in the birds' brains, as demonstrated by (phylo)genetic analyses of the complete viral genomes detected in kea euthanized between 2009 and 2014. wnv antibodies persisted in the birds, too. chronic wnv infection in the brain might contribute to the circulation of the virus through oral tra ... | 2016 | 26790946 |
| variation of major limonoids in azadirachta indica fruits at different ripening stages and toxicity against aedes aegypti. | the azadirachtin, salannin, nimbin, deacetylnimbin, azadiradione and epoxyazadiradione contents were determined by hplc in the fractions prepared from the kernel of neem fruits (azadirachta indica) collected at different ripening stages. the fully mature fruit (yellow fruits) kernels contained the highest concentration of azadirachtin, nimbin and salannin, whereas the concentration of azadiradione (nc) and epoxyazadiradione (nl) was high in the unripe green berries. the toxicity of the fractions ... | 2009 | 19475987 |
| rapid hyperosmotic-induced ca2+ responses in arabidopsis thaliana exhibit sensory potentiation and involvement of plastidial kea transporters. | plants experience hyperosmotic stress when faced with saline soils and possibly with drought stress, but it is currently unclear how plant roots perceive this stress in an environment of dynamic water availabilities. hyperosmotic stress induces a rapid rise in intracellular ca(2+) concentrations ([ca(2+)]i) in plants, and this ca(2+) response may reflect the activities of osmo-sensory components. here, we find in the reference plant arabidopsis thaliana that the rapid hyperosmotic-induced ca(2+) ... | 2016 | 27528686 |
| each of the chloroplast potassium efflux antiporters affects photosynthesis and growth of fully developed arabidopsis rosettes under short-day photoperiod. | in arabidopsis thaliana, the chloroplast harbors three potassium efflux antiporters (keas), namely kea1 and kea2 in the inner envelope and kea3 in the thylakoid membrane. they may play redundant physiological roles as in our previous analyses of young developing arabidopsis rosettes under long-day photoperiod (16 h light per day), chloroplast kea single mutants resembled the wild-type plants, whereas kea1kea2 and kea1kea2kea3 mutants were impaired in chloroplast development and photosynthesis re ... | 2016 | 27080934 |
| within-group relationships and lack of social enhancement during object manipulation in captive goffin's cockatoos (cacatua goffiniana). | different types of social relationships can influence individual learning strategies in structured groups of animals. studies on a number of avian species have suggested that local and/or stimulus enhancement are important ingredients of the respective species' exploration modes. our aim was to identify the role of enhancement during object manipulation in different social contexts. we used focal observations to identify a linear dominance hierarchy as well as affiliative relationships between i ... | 2017 | 27406172 |
| more than one way to see it: individual heuristics in avian visual computation. | comparative pattern learning experiments investigate how different species find regularities in sensory input, providing insights into cognitive processing in humans and other animals. past research has focused either on one species' ability to process pattern classes or different species' performance in recognizing the same pattern, with little attention to individual and species-specific heuristics and decision strategies. we trained and tested two bird species, pigeons (columba livia) and kea ... | 2015 | 26113444 |
| visual artificial grammar learning: comparative research on humans, kea (nestor notabilis) and pigeons (columba livia). | artificial grammar learning (agl) provides a useful tool for exploring rule learning strategies linked to general purpose pattern perception. to be able to directly compare performance of humans with other species with different memory capacities, we developed an agl task in the visual domain. presenting entire visual patterns simultaneously instead of sequentially minimizes the amount of required working memory. this approach allowed us to evaluate performance levels of two bird species, kea (n ... | 2012 | 22688635 |
| the oriental lanternfly genus scamandra: new species and taxonomical notes (hemiptera: fulgoromorpha: fulgoridae). | three new species and one new subspecies are described: scamandra lumawigi sp. n. (luzon, philippines), s. huangi sp. n. (taliabu island off sulawesi), s. vanvyvei sp. n. (sulawesi) and s. vanvyvei pelengana ssp. n. (peleng island off sulawesi). the status of scamandra mucorea gerstaecker, 1895 is revised and the species is no more considered a subspecies of s. hermione stål, 1864. the new name scamandra stanjakli constant, 2013 is proposed to replace s. jakli chew kea foo et al., 2010 which is ... | 2013 | 26240901 |
| on a new anoplocephalid cestode, pulluterina nestoris gen, et sp. nov., from the kea (nestor notabilis). | | 1954 | 13163382 |
| ginkgo biloba for the prevention of severe acute mountain sickness (ams) starting one day before rapid ascent. | previous studies suggest that 5 days of prophylactic ginkgo decreases the incidence of acute mountain sickness (ams) during gradual ascent. this trial was designed to determine if ginkgo is an effective prophylactic agent if begun 1 day prior to rapid ascent. in this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 26 participants residing at sea level received ginkgo (60 mg tid) or placebo starting 24 h before ascending mauna kea, hawaii. subjects were transported from sea level to the summi ... | 2002 | 12006162 |
| kea (nestor notabilis) consider spatial relationships between objects in the support problem. | the 'support problem' is a benchmark test to investigate the understanding of spatial relationships between objects. we tested kea parrots' performance in a paradigm that has previously been studied in primates. kea perform comparably well to tamarins when they are confronted with a choice between two support devices, one of which has a reward resting on it and the other slightly next to it, or when given a choice between a continuous and a disrupted support. kea did better than chimpanzees in s ... | 2009 | 19411271 |
| feather mites of the genera <i>dubininia</i> and <i>cacatualges</i> (acari: xolalgidae) associated with parrots (aves: psittaciformes) of the old world. | this paper gives a systematic revision of feather mites of the genera dubininia vassilev, 1958 and cacatualges dabert, badek and skoracki, 2007 (xolalgidae: ingrassiinae) associated with parrots (aves: psittaciformes) of the old world. five new species are described: cacatualges probosciger sp. n. from probosciger aterrimus (gmelin) (cacatuidae) from new guinea, dubininia charmosynae sp. n. from charmosyna pulchella gray gr (psittaculidae) from new guinea, d. micropsittae sp. n. from micropsitta ... | 2017 | 28610269 |
| semen collection and spermatozoa characteristics in the kea parrot (nestor notabilis). | we describe the seminal characteristics of the kea parrot (nestor notabilis), an endangered species endemic to the south island of new zealand. semen was collected in the full breeding season from 6 birds in the collection of an amateur aviculturist. the manual massage technique was used. a total of 25 ejaculates was collected and evaluated for volume, degree of contamination, and spermatozoa concentration; motility and kinetic parameters were assessed on diluted samples (modified tyrode's album ... | 2017 | 28358615 |
| kea (nestor notabilis) decide early when to wait in food exchange task. | the ability to forego an immediate reward in favor of a bigger or better one at a later point has been linked with advanced cognitive skills, such as impulse control and forward-planning, and can be assessed by the classic food exchange paradigm. while the ability to perform in such tasks has long been regarded as an exclusive trait of humans and some mammals, that is, primates and dogs, in recent years some bird species have been found to perform similarly as primates. here we test 10 captive k ... | 2017 | 28857604 |
| kea show no evidence of inequity aversion. | it has been suggested that inequity aversion is a mechanism that evolved in humans to maximize the pay-offs from engaging in cooperative tasks and to foster long-term cooperative relationships between unrelated individuals. in support of this, evidence of inequity aversion in nonhuman animals has typically been found in species that, like humans, live in complex social groups and demonstrate cooperative behaviours. we examined inequity aversion in the kea (nestor notabilis), which lives in socia ... | 2017 | 28405351 |
| positive emotional contagion in a new zealand parrot. | positive emotional contagions are outwardly emotive actions that spread from one individual to another, such as glee in preschool children [1] or laughter in humans of all ages [2]. the play vocalizations of some animals may also act as emotional contagions. for example, artificially deafened rats are less likely to play than their non-hearing-impaired conspecifics, while no such effect is found for blinded rats [3]. as rat play vocalizations are also produced in anticipation of play, they, rath ... | 2017 | 28324733 |
| audiogram of the kea parrot, nestor notabilis. | vocal communication requires the sender to produce a sound, which transmits through the environment and is perceived by the receiver. perception is dependent on the quality of the received signal and the receiver's frequency and amplitude sensitivity; hearing sensitivity of animals can be tested using behavioural detection tasks, showing the physical limitations of sound perception. kea parrots (nestor notabilis) were tested for their ability to hear sounds that varied in terms of both frequency ... | 2016 | 27908073 |
| ancient and contemporary dna reveal a pre-human decline but no population bottleneck associated with recent human persecution in the kea (nestor notabilis). | the impact of population bottlenecks is an important factor to consider when assessing species survival. population declines can considerably limit the evolutionary potential of species and make them more susceptible to stochastic events. new zealand has a well documented history of decline of endemic avifauna related to human colonization. here, we investigate the genetic effects of a recent population decline in the endangered kea (nestor notabilis). kea have undergone a long-lasting persecuti ... | 2015 | 25719752 |
| postglacial expansion and not human influence best explains the population structure in the endangered kea (nestor notabilis). | inferring past demography is a central question in evolutionary and conservation biology. it is, however, sometimes challenging to infer the processes that shaped the current patterns of genetic variation in endangered species. population substructuring can occur as a result of survival in several isolated refugia and subsequent recolonization processes or via genetic drift following a population decline. the kea (nestor notabilis) is an endemic parrot widely distributed in the mountains of the ... | 2014 | 24684223 |
| how to solve a mechanical problem: the relevance of visible and unobservable functionality for kea. | animals sometimes succeed quickly in solving a mechanical problem that is a modification of one they have previously learnt to solve. however, they may do so by attending to the visible features of the relevant physical dimension without knowing its causal functionality, if that is not directly perceivable. this kind of problem solving can be tested by simultaneously offering two mechanical devices with the same visual features but different inherent appropriateness for problem solving. here, we ... | 2013 | 23269471 |
| navigating a tool end in a specific direction: stick-tool use in kea (nestor notabilis). | this study depicts how captive kea, new zealand parrots, which are not known to use tools in the wild, employ a stick-tool to retrieve a food reward after receiving demonstration trials. four out of six animals succeeded in doing so despite physical (beak curvature) and ecological (no stick-like materials used during nest construction) constraints when handling elongated objects. we further demonstrate that the same animals can thereafter direct the functional end of a stick-tool into a desired ... | 2011 | 21636657 |
| how do keas (nestor notabilis) solve artificial-fruit problems with multiple locks? | keas, a species of parrots from new zealand, are an interesting species for comparative studies of problem solving and cognition because they are known not only for efficient capacities for object manipulation but also for explorative and playful behaviors. to what extent are they efficient or explorative, and what cognitive abilities do they use? we examined how keas would solve several versions of artificial-fruit box problems having multiple locks. after training keas to remove a metal rod fr ... | 2011 | 20640911 |
| limited spread of innovation in a wild parrot, the kea (nestor notabilis). | in the local population of kea in mount cook village, new zealand, some keas open the lids of rubbish bins with their bill to obtain food scraps within. we investigated the extent to which this innovation has spread in the local population, and what factors limit the acquisition of bin opening. only five males of 36 individually recognised birds were observed to have performed successful bin opening. with one exception there were always other keas present, watching successful bin opening. sevent ... | 2006 | 16568276 |
| testing social learning in a wild mountain parrot, the kea (nestor notabilis). | huber, taborsky, and rechberger (2001) reported an experiment in which the efficiency with which captive keas opened a complex food container was increased by observation of a skilled conspecific. however, only testing social learning in free-ranging animals can demonstrate social learning in natural conditions. for that purpose, a tube-lifting paradigm was developed and tested on keas both in captivity and in mount cook national park, new zealand. the task was to remove a tube from an upright p ... | 2004 | 15161141 |
| why human environments enhance animal capacities to use objects: evidence from keas (nestor notabilis) and apes (gorilla gorilla, pan paniscus, pongo abelii, pongo pygmaeus). | formal training programs, which can be called education, enhance cognition in human and nonhuman animals alike. however, even informal exposure to human contact in human environments can enhance cognition. we review selected literature to compare animals' behavior with objects among keas and great apes, the taxa that best allow systematic comparison of the behavior of wild animals with that of those in human environments such as homes, zoos, and rehabilitation centers. in all cases, we find that ... | 2018 | 30024236 |
| function and flexibility of object exploration in kea and new caledonian crows. | a range of non-human animals frequently manipulate and explore objects in their environment, which may enable them to learn about physical properties and potentially form more abstract concepts of properties such as weight and rigidity. whether animals can apply the information learned during their exploration to solve novel problems, however, and whether they actually change their exploratory behaviour to seek functional information about objects have not been fully explored. we allowed kea (ne ... | 2017 | 28989768 |
| morphological corollaries and ecological implications of flightlessness in the kakapo (psittaciformes: strigops habroptilus). | the morphological corollaries of flightlessness of the kakapo (strigops habroptilus) have been studied using skin specimens, skeletons, and pectoral dissection of an anatomical specimen. these have been compared with the closely related, flighted kea (nestor notabilis), and secondarily with other psittaciformes and the convergent hoatzin (cuculiformes: opisthocomus hoazin). s. habroptilus is the most massive and sexually dimorphic psittaciform in the world, and has the smallest relative wing siz ... | 1992 | 29865598 |
| kea show three signatures of domain-general statistical inference. | one key aspect of domain-general thought is the ability to integrate information across different cognitive domains. here, we tested whether kea (nestor notabilis) can use relative quantities when predicting sampling outcomes, and then integrate both physical information about the presence of a barrier, and social information about the biased sampling of an experimenter, into their predictions. our results show that kea exhibit three signatures of statistical inference, and therefore can integra ... | 2020 | 32127523 |
| kea (nestor notabilis) represent object trajectory and identity. | the ability to represent both the identity and trajectory of hidden objects underlies our capacity to reason about causal mechanisms. however, to date no studies have shown that non-human animals are capable of representing these two factors simultaneously. here, we tested whether kea can represent out-of-sight object trajectories and identities by presenting subjects with three tasks, each of which involved tracking or predicting hand trajectories as they moved behind a screen. taken together, ... | 2019 | 31875011 |
| prevalence and characterisation of wounds in sheep attributed to attacks by kea (nestor notabilis) on high country farms in new zealand. | aims: to characterise and classify wounds in sheep suspected to have been caused by attacks by kea (nestor notabilis) (kea strike), and to report the prevalence of these wounds on five high country farms in the south island of new zealand.methods: data were collected from farms between 28 august 2012 and 20 september 2013. sheep were examined opportunistically immediately after shearing for signs of wounds caused by kea. the age and sex of sheep were also recorded. wounds were measured and chara ... | 2020 | 31607211 |
| vocal conditioning in kea parrots (nestor notabilis). | in laboratory studies of vocal behavior in animals, subjects are normally isolated in a sound-insulated chamber for recording, but such socially isolated conditions may reduce the chances that they will vocalize. indeed, past studies using such methods have faced the challenge that subjects remained silent. knowledge of conditions under which subjects are more likely to vocalize could thus improve experimental design. this study investigated (a) whether kea (nestor notabilis) could be trained to ... | 2018 | 29283587 |