| development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to first-generation merozoites of eimeria bovis. | merozoites of eimeria bovis were harvested from bovine monocyte cell cultures and used to immunize balb/c mice. spleens from immunized mice were removed and the cells fused with mouse myeloma cells. supernates from resulting hybridoma cell lines were examined for antibodies to first-generation e. bovis merozoites using an indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) assay. three positive cell lines were identified and cloned by limiting dilution. all three cell lines produced immunoglobulins of the ... | 1992 | 1281590 |
| scanning and transmission electron microscopy of host cell pathology associated with penetration by eimeria papillata sporozoites. | scanning and electron microscopy was used to study the pathogenesis that occurred in mouse epithelial cells that had been penetrated by eimeria papillata sporozoites. optimal penetration of parasites injected into nonligated and ligated mouse intestine was found to occur at 4-15 min post-inoculation. during initial penetration, the parasite caused disruption of the microvilli of the intestinal cells, which led to detachment of the microvilli from the plasma membrane of the penetrated cell. host ... | 1992 | 1438148 |
| early development of eimeria papillata (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) in the mouse. | early development of eimeria papillata (apicomplexa) in the mouse was evaluated using nomarski interference-contrast and brightfield microscopy. sporozoite-shaped meronts, which were motile and contained a large posterior refractile body and a smaller anterior refractile body, were observed entering and leaving host cells in the jejunum of an experimentally infected mouse at 26 h post inoculation (hpi). however, early developmental stages were not observed in tissue of the duodenum, ileum, cecum ... | 1991 | 1997678 |
| ultrastructural observations of host-cell invasion by sporozoites of eimeria papillata in vivo. | scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the invasion of mouse small-intestinal epithelium by sporozoites of eimeria papillata. some mice received oocysts by gavage and others received either sporocysts or sporozoites by direct injection into the small intestine. the highest concentration of invaded cells were found in ligated intestinal tissues studied at 5-45 min after the inoculation of sporozoites. sporozoites actively invaded anterior end first, which resulted in ext ... | 1993 | 8469667 |
| comparison of four murine eimeria species in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. | factors associated with immune-mediated protection against coccidial parasites were examined in a series of experiments utilizing immunocompromised scid/scid(scid) and scid/scid.beige/beige(scid/bg) mice, as well as immunocompetent balb/c mice. number of oocysts produced per g feces each day and prepatent and patent periods were assessed for 4 eimerian parasites (eimeria papillata, eimeria vermiformis, eimeria falciformis, and eimeria ferrisi) using the 3 murine strains. the number of infections ... | 1996 | 8604093 |
| nonspecific immune responses and mechanisms of resistance to eimeria papillata infections in mice. | severe combined immunodeficient (scid)-beige mice inoculated with the intracellular parasite eimeria papillata produced significantly more oocysts during primary infections than inoculated immunodeficient scid mice. therefore, the addition of the beige mutation, which detrimentally affects neutrophil and natural killer (nk) cell functions, enhanced the parasites' ability to reproduce within the small intestine. to identify which of these two cell types is responsible for a protective immune resp ... | 1997 | 9234770 |
| anticoccidial and antiinflammatory activity of garlic in murine eimeria papillata infections. | coccidiosis with the protozoan parasite eimeria as the infectious agent causes enormous economic losses, particularly in poultry farms. here, we investigated the effects of garlic on the outcome of coccidiosis caused by eimeria papillata in male balb/c mice. the data showed that mice infected with e. papillata revealed an output of 3260 ± 680 oocysts per gram faeces on day 4 p.i.. this output is significantly decreased to 1820 ± 415 oocysts in garlic-treated mice. infection also induced inflamma ... | 2010 | 20943319 |
| eimeria papillata: upregulation of specific mirna-species in the mouse jejunum. | increasing evidence indicates mirnas as critical regulators of gene expression, but little information is available for mirnas in intestinal diseases. here, we investigated intestinal infections of male balb/c mice with the coccidian parasite eimeria papillata. on day 4 after oral infection, mice were shedding 3150 ± 430 oocysts per gram feces. this was associated with a low inflammatory response of the jejunum of mice evidenced by histology, non-response of il-1β mrna, even slight downregulatio ... | 2010 | 21093440 |
| differential mirna expression in the mouse jejunum during garlic treatment of eimeria papillata infections. | accumulating evidence indicates a critical role of micrornas (mirnas) in the outcome of diseases. here, we investigate the effect of garlic on the intestinal mirna signature of male balb/c mice during infections with eimeria papillata. garlic decreases the intracellular development as evidenced by a lowered fecal output of e. papillata oocysts from 3,150 ± 410 to approximately 1,750 ± 390 oocysts per gram feces on day 4 postinoculation. this anti-coccidial activity of garlic is associated with a ... | 2011 | 21301871 |
| cellular pathology in mouse embryonic brain cells following in vitro penetration by sporozoites of eimeria papillata. | the pathology that occurs in mouse embryonic brain ( meb ) cells that have been penetrated by sporozoites of eimeria papillata was studied by light and electron microscopy. at the light microscopy level the greatest number of intracellular parasites was seen at 15 and 45 min postinoculation (pi). the monolayer of meb cells had begun to round up by 45 min pi, and by 60 min pi most of the cells were stripped from the coverslip. little ultrastructural damage was seen in meb cells just penetrated by ... | 1984 | 6720029 |
| lymphokine-induced inhibition of growth of eimeria bovis and eimeria papillata (apicomplexa) in cultured bovine monocytes. | sporozoites of eimeria bovis penetrated and developed normally to first-generation meronts in bovine monocytes (bm) and madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cells that had been pretreated with culture medium (cm) or supernatant (ns) from nonstimulated bovine t cells. at 240 h after sporozoite inoculation (asi), the mean percent development (meronts/[sporozoites + meronts]) in cm- and ns-pretreated bm was 52 and 28%, respectively; values for mdbk cells were 36 and 35%, respectively. pretreatment of b ... | 1985 | 3876996 |
| specificity and cross-reactivity of hybridoma antibodies generated against eimeria bovis sporozoites. | spleens from mice immunized with eimeria bovis sporozoites were removed and the cells fused with mouse myeloma cells to produce hybridoma cell lines (hcls). the resulting hcls were examined for antibody (hab) production against e. bovis sporozoites using an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test on air-dried sporozoites. four fusions resulted in the production of 19 hcls that produced habs to e. bovis sporozoites. these 19 hcls were further tested for reactivity with cell culture-grown merozoi ... | 1989 | 2672546 |
| cellular dynamics and cytokine responses in balb/c mice infected with eimeria papillata during primary and secondary infections. | balb/c mice were infected with the intestinal intracellular parasite eimeria papillata to characterize lymphocyte responses and cytokine profiles throughout primary and secondary infections. lymphocytes from the mesenteric lymph node (mln) and the gastrointestinal tract (git) of infected mice were phenotypically analyzed using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy, respectively. lymphocytes isolated from the mln during primary infections of balb/c mice with e. papillata do not prolife ... | 1998 | 9576507 |
| phylogenetic relationships among rodent eimeria species determined by plastid orf470 and nuclear 18s rdna sequences. | phylogenetic analyses for 10 rodent eimeria species from different host genera based on plastid orf470 and nuclear 18s rdna sequences were done to infer the evolutionary relationships of these rodent eimeria species and their correlation to morphology and host specificity. the phylogenies based on both data sets clearly grouped the 10 rodent eimeria species into two major lineages, which reflect more their morphological differences than host specificity. species in lineage a have spheroidal to s ... | 2001 | 11336753 |
| the potential role of phoenix dactylifera on eimeria papillata-induced infection in mice. | coccidiosis is a common infectious disease in poultry causing major economic losses. here, we investigated the effect of khodary date fruit aqueous extract (4 ml/kg) on the outcome of coccidiosis caused by eimeria papillata in swiss albino mice. date fruit extract was able to decrease the intracellular development by lowering the faecal output of e. papillata oocysts from 8.7 ± 0.5 × 10(3) to 6.6 ± 0.4 × 10(3) oocysts per gram faeces. also, date extract caused a great diminish in body weight of ... | 2012 | 22411635 |
| protective effect of azadirachta indica extract against eimeria papillata-induced coccidiosis. | coccidiosis in poultry is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus eimeria, which is responsible for worldwide economic losses. the methanolic extract of azadirachta indica (neem) leaves was used in vivo for its pharmacological, antioxidant, and anticoccidial properties. four groups of mice were investigated. the first group was inoculated only with sterile saline and served as the control group. the second group was treated by oral gavage with neem extract (500 mg/kg) daily for 4 days. the th ... | 2013 | 22972359 |
| anti-coccidial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activities of pomegranate (punica granatum) peel extract. | coccidiosis and helminthosis in poultry are responsible for worldwide economic losses. the methanolic extract of punica granatum (pomegranate) peel was used in vivo for its pharmacological, antioxidant and anti-coccidial properties and in vitro for its anthelmintic activity. for the in vivo study, four groups of mice were investigated. the first group was inoculated only with sterile saline and served as the control group. the second group was treated by oral gavage with pomegranate extract (300 ... | 2013 | 23609599 |
| dietary selenium affects intestinal development of eimeria papillata in mice. | here, we investigated the effect of the trace element selenium (se) on course and outcome of eimeria-paplllata-induced coccidiosis in mice. male mice were fed on se-adequate (0.15 ppm), se-deficient, and se-high diets (1.0 ppm) for 6 weeks. mice were orally infected with 1,000 oocysts. the prepatent period lasts for 3 days, but the course of infections varied. at se-adequate diet, the maximum fecal output of oocysts amounted to 68,300 ooccysts/g feces on day 5 p.i.. however, fecal shedding of oo ... | 2014 | 24221886 |
| goblet cells and mucin related gene expression in mice infected with eimeria papillata. | coccidiosis causes considerable economic loss in the poultry industry. the current study aimed to investigate the response of goblet cells as well as the induced tissue damage during eimeria papillata infection. mice were infected with sporulated e. papillata oocytes. on day 5 postinfection, the fecal output was determined. also, the jejunum was prepared for the histological, histochemical, and molecular studies. our results revealed that the intestinal coccidian infection with e. papillata indu ... | 2013 | 24367242 |
| sex-determined susceptibility and differential muc2 mrna expression during the course of murine intestinal eimeriosis. | parasitic diseases differ in prevalence, course, and severity between males and females. the study was designed to compare males with females for the susceptibility to eimeria papillata infection as well as the expression of the mucin gene, muc2. oocysts output was detected to be more in the feces of male mice (3.5 × 10(4) ± 4000 oocysts/g feces) than in females (2 × 10(4) ± 2000 oocysts/g feces). in addition, infected males showed a significant higher number of meronts, gamonts, and developing ... | 2015 | 25349142 |
| antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of pomegranate (punica granatum) on eimeria papillata-induced infection in mice. | coccidiosis is the most prevalent disease causing widespread economic loss, especially in poultry farms. here, we investigated the effects of pomegranate peel extract (ppe) on the outcome of coccidiosis caused by eimeria papillata in mice. the data showed that mice infected with e. papillata and treated with ppe revealed a significant decrease in the output of oocysts in their faeces by day 5 p.i. infection also induced inflammation and injury of the jejunum. this was evidenced (i) as increases ... | 2015 | 25654088 |
| anti-eimeria activity of berberine and identification of associated gene expression changes in the mouse jejunum infected with eimeria papillata. | plant-based natural products are promising sources for identifying novel agents with potential anti-eimeria activity. this study explores possible effects of berberine on eimeria papillata infections in the jejunum of male swiss albino mice. berberine chloride, when daily administered to mice during infection, impairs intracellular development and multiplication of e. papillata, evidenced as 60% reduction of maximal fecal output of oocysts on day 5 p.i. concomitantly, berberine attenuates the in ... | 2015 | 25663104 |
| anticoccidial and antioxidant activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles on eimeria papillata-induced infection in the jejunum. | nanomedicine has recently emerged as a better option for the treatment of various diseases. here, we investigated the in vivo anticoccidial properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles (znps). znps were crystalline in nature, with a smooth and spherical surface and a diameter in the range of ~10-15 nm. the x-ray diffraction pattern was utilized to identify the crystalline property of the grown znps, whereas field emission scanning electron microscopy was employed to check the size and morphology of th ... | 2015 | 25792829 |
| anticoccidial activities of chitosan on eimeria papillata-infected mice. | eimeria spp. multiply within the intestinal tract causing severe inflammatory responses. chitosan (cs), meanwhile, has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities in different experimental models. here, we investigated the effect of cs on the outcome of inflammation caused by eimeria papillata in the mouse intestine. investigations were undertaken into the oocyst output in feces and developmental stages and goblet cells in intestinal tissue. assays for lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (no ... | 2016 | 27041340 |
| profiling of jejunum inflammatory gene expression during murine eimeriosis. | to understand the host-parasite relationship during coccidiosis it is necessary to identify the transcriptional profile of the local host. in this study, gene profiling in the mouse jejunum due to infection with eimeria papillata was investigated using agilent microarray technology. on day 5 post-infection, the characterization of infected and non-infected mice jejunum transcriptional response was compared. there was an increase in the level of tumour necrosis factor-α, nitrite/nitrate and nitri ... | 2017 | 28126665 |
| major histocompatibility complex class i- and ii-deficient knock-out mice are resistant to primary but susceptible to secondary eimeria papillata infections. | two distinct mechanisms seem to function in reducing oocyst output during eimeria papillata infections in mice. for naive mice, immunity was afforded by a t-cell-independent gamma-interferon (ifn-gamma) response mediated by natural killer (nk) cells. on reinfection, resistance was associated with t-cells and, to a lesser extent, perforin. to determine if antigen presentation with major histocompatibility complex (mhc) molecules was required to control oocyst production by nk cells during primary ... | 1998 | 9610637 |