| oral focal epithelial hyperplasia in a howler monkey (alouatta fusca). | oral focal epithelial hyperplasia is a rare and seldom reported disease in animals and humans induced by a papillomavirus. the present report is the first description of this disease in a neotropical primate, a howler monkey (alouatta fusca). the diagnosis was based on gross and microscopic findings. the generic papillomavirus antigen was identified by immunohistochemistry and was found not to be related to any human papillomavirus dna tested by in situ hybridization. this virus is probably a sp ... | 2000 | 11055880 |
| a newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease. | from 28 young children in the netherlands, we isolated a paramyxovirus that was identified as a tentative new member of the metapneumovirus genus based on virological data, sequence homology and gene constellation. previously, avian pneumovirus was the sole member of this recently assigned genus, hence the provisional name for the newly discovered virus: human metapneumovirus. the clinical symptoms of the children from whom the virus was isolated were similar to those caused by human respiratory ... | 2001 | 11385510 |
| evidence of human metapneumovirus in australian children. | | 2002 | 11913922 |
| characterization of human metapneumoviruses isolated from patients in north america. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was recently identified in the netherlands and was linked to acute respiratory tract illness. in this study, 11 isolates from 10 patients with respiratory disease from quebec, canada, were tested by a reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction based on the fusion protein gene. identified sequences were consistent with hmpv. the patients were 2 months to 87 years of age (median age, 58 years) and presented with acute respiratory tract illness during the winter se ... | 2002 | 12023774 |
| analysis of the genomic sequence of a human metapneumovirus. | we recently described the isolation of a novel paramyxovirus from children with respiratory tract disease in the netherlands. based on biological properties and limited sequence information the virus was provisionally classified as the first nonavian member of the metapneumovirus genus and named human metapneumovirus (hmpv). this report describes the analysis of the sequences of all hmpv open reading frames (orfs) and intergenic sequences as well as partial sequences of the genomic termini. the ... | 2002 | 12033771 |
| viral infections in immunocompromised patients: what's new with respiratory viruses? | the leading cause of death in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients is infection. the respiratory viruses, particularly respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, and picornaviruses, are increasingly recognized as significant pathogens in these populations. | 2002 | 12130931 |
| human metapneumovirus as a cause of community-acquired respiratory illness. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently identified paramyxovirus first isolated from hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections (arti). we sought evidence of hmpv infection in patients who had visited general practitioners, had influenzalike illnesses (ili), and had negative tests for influenza and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). as part of national virologic surveillance, sentinel general practices in england and wales collected samples from patients of all ages ... | 2002 | 12194763 |
| respiratory tract reinfections by the new human metapneumovirus in an immunocompromised child. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a new member of the paramyxoviridae family, has been recently associated with respiratory tract infections in young children. we report the case of a young, immunocompromised child who had severe lower respiratory tract infections during two consecutive winter seasons caused by genetically distinct hmpv strains. | 2002 | 12194777 |
| virological features and clinical manifestations associated with human metapneumovirus: a new paramyxovirus responsible for acute respiratory-tract infections in all age groups. | the virological features and clinical findings associated with the new human metapneumovirus (hmpv) were examined retrospectively in canadian patients hospitalized for various respiratory conditions since 1993. thirty-eight previously unidentified respiratory viruses isolated from rhesus monkey kindey (llc-mk2) cells were found to be positive for hmpv by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and those strains clustered in 2 phylogenetic groups. children aged <5 years and elderly subje ... | 2002 | 12402203 |
| metapneumovirus and acute wheezing in children. | a new respiratory virus, human metapneumovirus, was recently identified. we detected this virus by pcr in ten (8%) of 132 consecutive children admitted to turku hospital, finland, for acute expiratory wheezing (median age 7 months, range 4-25). the mean duration of hospital stay was 2.5 days (sd 1.6) and mean duration of respiratory symptoms was 19 days (8). the white blood cell count, c-reactive protein, and regulated upon activation, normal t-cell-expressed and t-cell-secreted (rantes) concent ... | 2002 | 12423987 |
| the common cold. | despite great advances in medicine, the common cold continues to be a great burden on society in terms of human suffering and economic losses. of the several viruses that cause the disease, the role of rhinoviruses is most prominent. about a quarter of all colds are still without proven cause, and the recent discovery of human metapneumovirus suggests that other viruses could remain undiscovered. research into the inflammatory mechanisms of the common cold has elucidated the complexity of the vi ... | 2003 | 12517470 |
| molecular assays for detection of human metapneumovirus. | the recent description of the respiratory pathogen human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has highlighted a deficiency in current diagnostic techniques for viral agents associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections. we describe two novel approaches to the detection of viral rna by use of reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr). the pcr products were identified after capture onto a solid-phase medium by hybridization with a sequence-specific, biotinylated oligonucleotide probe. the assay was applied ... | 2003 | 12517833 |
| presence of the new human metapneumovirus in french children with bronchiolitis. | we developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in french children hospitalized for acute respiratory tract disease during the winter of 2001 to 2002. this assay showed that 19 (6.6%) of 337 respiratory specimens that were negative for other respiratory viruses were positive for hmpv. seven hmpv infections were also detected in the previous winter. the patients had the following clinical syndromes: bronchiolitis, 16; acute exacerbation of asthma, 4; bronchit ... | 2003 | 12553303 |
| metapneumoviruses in birds and humans. | avian pneumovirus (apv, turkey rhinotracheitis virus) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are pathogens of birds and humans, respectively, that are associated with upper respiratory tract infections. based on their different genomic organization and low level of nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) identity with paramyxoviruses in the genus pneumovirus, apv and hmpv have been classified into a new genus referred to as metapneumovirus. first isolated in 1970s, apv strains have since been isolated in ... | 2003 | 12573494 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in young and elderly adults. | human metapneumovirus virus (hmpv) is a newly discovered respiratory pathogen with limited epidemiological data available. cohorts of young and older adults were prospectively evaluated for hmpv infection during 2 winter seasons. patients hospitalized for cardiopulmonary conditions during that period were also studied. overall, 44 (4.5%) of 984 illnesses were associated with hmpv infection, and 9 (4.1%) of 217 asymptomatic subjects were infected. there was a significant difference in rates of hm ... | 2003 | 12599052 |
| human metapneumovirus in a haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with fatal lower respiratory tract disease. | respiratory viruses are increasingly recognized as a cause of pneumonitis following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). however, frequently, no pathogen is identified in cases of suspected viral pneumonia. recently, a previously undescribed paramyxovirus, designated 'human metapneumovirus' (hmpv), was isolated from children with respiratory illness. we have detected hmpv as the sole pathogen in the nasopharyngeal aspirate of an hsct recipient who succumbed to progressive respiratory ... | 2003 | 12621469 |
| human metapneumovirus in severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect segments of the m (matrix), n (nucleoprotein), and f (fusion) genes of human metapneumovirus in bronchoalveolar fluid from 30 infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. seventy percent of them were coinfected with metapneumovirus. such coinfection might be a factor influencing the severity of bronchiolitis. | 2003 | 12643835 |
| human metapneumovirus in the community. | | 2003 | 12648965 |
| identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in canada. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is a condition of unknown cause that has recently been recognized in patients in asia, north america, and europe. this report summarizes the initial epidemiologic findings, clinical description, and diagnostic findings that followed the identification of sars in canada. | 2003 | 12671061 |
| nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence-based analysis of the avian metapneumovirus type c cell attachment glycoprotein gene: phylogenetic analysis and molecular epidemiology of u.s. pneumoviruses. | a serologically distinct avian metapneumovirus (ampv) was isolated in the united states after an outbreak of turkey rhinotracheitis (trt) in february 1997. the newly recognized u.s. virus was subsequently demonstrated to be genetically distinct from european subtypes and was designated ampv serotype c (ampv/c). we have determined the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the cell attachment glycoprotein (g) of ampv/c (colorado strain and three minnesota isolates) and predicted amino acid sequ ... | 2003 | 12682171 |
| subtype b avian metapneumovirus resembles subtype a more closely than subtype c or human metapneumovirus with respect to the phosphoprotein, and second matrix and small hydrophobic proteins. | avian metapneumovirus (ampv) subtype b (ampv/b) nucleotide sequences were obtained for the phosphoprotein (p), second matrix protein (m2), and small hydrophobic protein (sh) genes. by comparison with sequences from other metapneumoviruses, ampv/b was most similar to subtype a ampv (ampv/a) relative to the us subtype c isolates (ampv/c) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv). strictly conserved residues common to all members of the pneumovirinae were identified in the predicted amino acid sequences of ... | 2003 | 12686426 |
| asthma exacerbations in children associated with rhinovirus but not human metapneumovirus infection. | children with asthma were studied during the southern hemisphere winter and summer of 2001-2002. human rhinovirus (hrv) was significantly associated (p=.0001) with asthma exacerbations in winter and spring/summer, but not in intervening asymptomatic periods. although hrv was also found in children with upper respiratory tract infection (urti) who underwent sampling at the same time, it was present in significantly higher numbers of children with symptomatic asthma (p<.0001). human metapneumoviru ... | 2003 | 12696012 |
| seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus in japan. | a new human pneumovirus, provisionally designated human metapneumovirus, was discovered by dutch researchers. we examined 142 serum samples from the general population aged from 1 month to 35 years in japan for human metapneumovirus antibody by indirect immunofluorescence assays using human metapneumovirus-infected monkey kidney cells. the overall prevalence of human metapneumovirus infection was 72.5%. the seropositive rate was lowest in the age group of 6 months to 1 year and gradually increas ... | 2003 | 12696118 |
| epidemiology, clinical presentation and laboratory investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in canada, march 2003. | as of 23 march, 2003, 11 cases of sars have been reported in canada. three patients had travelled to china, including hong kong sar. the remaining eight had a history of close contact with cases. there have been three deaths. to date, evidence for human metapneumovirus has been found in six cases; further studies are ongoing to determine whether this virus is the causative agent of the sars or whether other, so far undetected, pathogens are responsible. public health measures are being implement ... | 2003 | 12710251 |
| sequence analysis of the n, p, m and f genes of canadian human metapneumovirus strains. | the complete nucleotide sequences of the nucleoprotein (n), phosphoprotein (p), matrix protein (m), and fusion protein (f) genes of 15 canadian human metapneumovirus (hmpv) isolates were determined. phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct genetic clusters, or groups for each gene with additional sequence variability within the individual groups. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences for the n, m and f genes of the different isolates revealed that all three genes were well conserved ... | 2003 | 12727342 |
| deduced amino acid sequence of the small hydrophobic protein of us avian pneumovirus has greater identity with that of human metapneumovirus than those of non-us avian pneumoviruses. | we report here the nucleotide and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of the small hydrophobic (sh) gene of the avian pneumovirus strain colorado (apv/co). the sh gene of apv/co is 628 nucleotides in length from gene-start to gene-end. the longest orf of the sh gene encoded a protein of 177 aas in length. comparison of the deduced aa sequence of the sh protein of apv/co with the corresponding published sequences of other members of genera metapneumovirus showed 28% identity with the newly discover ... | 2003 | 12727346 |
| human metapneumovirus and community-acquired respiratory illness in children. | | 2003 | 12737747 |
| the classification of viruses infecting the respiratory tract. | following the boom in respiratory virology in the 1960s, species of rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, adenoviruses, parainfluenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus were added to influenza and measles viruses as causes of respiratory tract infection. in restricted patient groups, such as the immunocompromised, members of the family of herpesviruses including herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, epstein-barr virus and human herpes virus 6 have also been associat ... | 2003 | 12758044 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in the united states: clinical manifestations associated with a newly emerging respiratory infection in children. | respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. recently, a newly identified human respiratory virus, human metapneumovirus (hmpv), was reported by investigators in the netherlands. we sought to determine whether hmpv was circulating in our community and to determine the clinical features associated with hmpv infection. | 2003 | 12777560 |
| children with respiratory disease associated with metapneumovirus in hong kong. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly discovered pathogen thought to be associated with respiratory disease. we report the results of a study of 587 children hospitalized with respiratory infection over a 13-month period. hmpv was detected in the nasopharyngeal aspirates from 32 (5.5%) children by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. hmpv infection was associated with clinical diagnoses of pneumonia (36%), asthma exacerbation (23%), or acute bronchiolitis (10%). when compared to th ... | 2003 | 12781000 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in hospitalized children. | we evaluated the percentage of hospitalizations for acute respiratory tract infections in children < or =3 years of age attributable to human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and other respiratory viruses in a prospective study during winter and spring 2002. we used real-time polymerase chain assays and other conventional diagnostic methods to detect hmpv, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), and influenza viruses in nasopharyngeal aspirates of children. hmpv was detected in 12 (6%) of the 208 childr ... | 2003 | 12781001 |
| lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is a novel infectious disease with global impact. a virus from the family coronaviridae has been identified as the cause, but the pathogenesis is still unclear. | 2003 | 12781536 |
| human metapneumovirus: a newly emerging respiratory pathogen. | the present review focuses on the recent discovery, and clinical and epidemiological features of a virus associated with respiratory tract infections. | 2003 | 12821817 |
| human metapneumovirus associated with respiratory tract infections in a 3-year study of nasal swabs from infants in italy. | the newly described human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is reported here to be more commonly associated with lower respiratory tract disease. the present study examined nasal swab specimens from 90 infants with acute respiratory tract infections in pisa, italy, over a period of three respiratory virus seasons. the incidence of infection varied in each of the 3 years, with the rates of positivity for hmpv being 7% in 2001 but 37 and 43% in 2000 and 2002, respectively. hmpv was noted to occur seasonally ... | 2003 | 12843031 |
| high prevalence of human metapneumovirus infection in young children and genetic heterogeneity of the viral isolates. | rna of the newly identified human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates of 11 of 63 (17.5%) young children with respiratory tract disease. markers of infection caused by another member of the pneumovirinae subfamily of the family paramyxoviridae, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), were identified in 15 of these patients (23.8%). three patients were simultaneously infected with hmpv and rsv. studies of the clinical characteristics of hmpv-infected children did not reveal ... | 2003 | 12843040 |
| [identification and molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a novel coronavirus from patients with sars by rt-pcr]. | to investigate the etiologic agents of the sars and develop diagnostic method for this disease. | 2003 | 12869994 |
| [detection of human metapneumovirus from wheezing children in japan]. | | 2003 | 12872699 |
| [human metapneumovirus: a new agent in the differential diagnosis of respiratory tract infection]. | | 2003 | 12882740 |
| newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. | the worldwide outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is associated with a newly discovered coronavirus, sars-associated coronavirus (sars-cov). we did clinical and experimental studies to assess the role of this virus in the cause of sars. | 2003 | 12892955 |
| comparative evaluation of real-time pcr assays for detection of the human metapneumovirus. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a new member of the paramyxoviridae family associated with acute respiratory tract infections in humans. the objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity of real-time rt-pcr assays performed in a lightcycler instrument and designed to amplify the viral nucleoprotein (n), matrix (m), fusion (f), phosphoprotein (p), and polymerase (l) genes. in a first evaluation of 20 viral cultures with characteristics compatible with hmpv cytopathic effect, the pcr ... | 2003 | 12904367 |
| clinical study of pediatric cases of acute respiratory diseases associated with human metapneumovirus in japan. | | 2003 | 12944683 |
| effects of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus antigen insertion in two 3' proximal genome positions of bovine/human parainfluenza virus type 3 on virus replication and immunogenicity. | a live attenuated bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3), harboring the fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) genes of human piv3, was used as a virus vector to express surface glycoproteins derived from two human pathogens, human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). rsv and hmpv are both paramyxoviruses that cause respiratory disease in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. rsv has been known for decades to cause acute lower respira ... | 2003 | 14512532 |
| comparison of the inhibition of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by ribavirin and immune serum globulin in vitro. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly recognized pathogen that like its better-known relative, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), appears to be ubiquitous and an important cause of respiratory disease in diverse subpopulations. no antivirals or vaccines are currently approved for the treatment or prevention of hmpv infections. however, ribavirin is licensed to treat serious hrsv-induced infections in children and immune globulin designed for intravenous administration (i.v.ig) and paliv ... | 2003 | 14516921 |
| human metapneumovirus detection in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. | we used a combination approach of conventional virus isolation and molecular techniques to detect human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars). of the 48 study patients, 25 (52.1%) were infected with hmpv; 6 of these 25 patients were also infected with coronavirus, and another 5 patients (10.4%) were infected with coronavirus alone. using this combination approach, we found that human laryngeal carcinoma (hep-2) cells were superior to rhesus monkey kidne ... | 2003 | 14519240 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in the canadian population. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a newly discovered paramyxovirus, has been associated with acute respiratory tract infections (aris) ranging from upper aris to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. important questions remain on the contribution of hmpv to aris and its impact on public health. during the 2001-2002 season, we conducted a collaborative study with four provincial public health laboratories to study the prevalence of this new virus in the canadian population. a total of 445 specimens wer ... | 2003 | 14532196 |
| influenza-related hospitalizations among young children in leicestershire. | population-based data on influenza hospitalizations are unavailable in the united kingdom, but they represent an essential component of health economic analyses that could support the use of vaccines and antiinfluenza drugs in healthy children. we collected data on hospitalizations for influenza infections among young children in leicester, uk. | 2003 | 14551481 |
| human metapneumovirus, a newly emerging respiratory virus. | | 2003 | 14551495 |
| genetic diversity between human metapneumovirus subgroups. | complete consensus nucleotide sequences were determined for human metapneumovirus (hmpv) isolates can97-83 and can98-75, representing the two proposed genotypes or genetic subgroups of hmpv. the overall level of genome nucleotide sequence identity and aggregate proteome amino acid sequence identity between the two hmpv subgroups were 80 and 90%, respectively, similar to the respective values of 81 and 88% between the two antigenic subgroups of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). the divers ... | 2003 | 14592754 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in thai children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) associated with clinical respiratory tract infection (rti) in children was first isolated in the netherlands. of 120 thai paediatric patients with rti examined, 5 cases (4.2%) showed detectable hmpv based on n-gene-specific rt-pcr. all of them were negative for hrsv infection. aligning the sequences with a reference strain revealed some nucleotide differences, which necessitates future investigation to evaluate clinical significance and genotype variation. | 2003 | 14606616 |
| lower respiratory tract infection caused by human metapneumovirus in two children: the first report of human metapneumovirus infection in norway. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly described human pathogen associated with respiratory disease. a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method was developed to detect this virus. this reports present the first 2 cases of hmpv disease diagnosed in norway. both patients were children with serious lower airway disease. | 2003 | 14606624 |
| prevalence and clinical symptoms of human metapneumovirus infection in hospitalized patients. | during a 17-month period, we performed retrospective analyses of the prevalence of and clinical symptoms associated with human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection, among patients in a university hospital in the netherlands. all available nasal-aspirate, throat-swab, sputum, and bronchoalveolar-lavage samples (n=1515) were tested for hmpv rna by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. hmpv rna was detected in 7% of samples from patients with respiratory tract illnesses (rtis) and was the se ... | 2003 | 14624384 |
| substituted benzimidazoles with nanomolar activity against respiratory syncytial virus. | a cell-based assay was used to discover compounds inhibiting respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced fusion in hela/m cells. a lead compound was identified and subsequent synthesis of >300 analogues led to the identification of jnj 2408068 (r170591), a low molecular weight (mw 395) benzimidazole derivative with an ec(50) (0.16 nm) against some lab strains almost 100,000 times better than that of ribavirin (15 microm). antiviral activity was confirmed for subgroup a and b clinical isolates of h ... | 2003 | 14638397 |
| emerging viral infections in a rapidly changing world. | emerging viral infections in both humans and animals have been reported with increased frequency in recent years. recent advances have been made in our knowledge of some of these, including severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus, influenza a virus, human metapneumovirus, west nile virus and ebola virus. research efforts to mitigate their effects have concentrated on improved surveillance and diagnostic capabilities, as well as on the development of vaccines and antiviral agents ... | 2003 | 14662395 |
| high seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus among young children in israel. | exposure to the newly discovered human metapneumovirus (hmpv) during the first 2 years of life was studied by longitudinal serological analysis in 40 healthy children in southern israel. the seropositivity rate decreased to a minimum by age 13 months and increased to 52% by age 24 months. evidence of new infection was detected in 13%, 23%, and 55% of children by ages 7, 13, and 24 months, respectively. the high exposure rates suggest that hmpv may be an important cause of community-acquired resp ... | 2003 | 14673765 |
| human metapneumovirus-associated lower respiratory tract infections among hospitalized human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-infected and hiv-1-uninfected african infants. | respiratory tract infections due to human metapneumovirus (hmpv) have been reported worldwide, with the exception of africa. the prevalence of hmpv infection was studied among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-infected and hiv-1-uninfected african infants who were hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis). nasopharyngeal aspirate samples obtained from 81 hiv-1-infected and 110 hiv-1-uninfected infants who had tested negative for other respiratory viruses were selected ... | 2003 | 14689355 |
| evidence of human metapneumovirus in children in argentina. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a virus, which was first associated with acute lower respiratory infection in children but is detected currently in all age groups. clinical symptoms are similar to those described for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections, ranging from mild respiratory illness to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children. to date, no cases of hmpv have been reported in argentina. in this study, 440 respiratory samples obtained during the period 1998-2002 from children ... | 2004 | 14695673 |
| comparison of the seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a virus that induces human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv)-like illnesses, ranging from upper respiratory tract infection to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. the 100 serum samples from children aged 1 month to 5 years were tested for the presence of hmpv and hrsv antibodies using an indirect immunofluorescence assay and a neutralizing-antibody assay, respectively. the seroprevalence of hmpv was significantly lower than that of hrsv in children over 4-months- ... | 2004 | 14695674 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in japanese children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been recently discovered as an etiological agent of acute respiratory infections. our purpose was to asses the virological and clinical features of children with respiratory infections caused by hmpv. we examined 658 nasopharyngeal swab samples obtained from 637 children with respiratory infections for hmpv by using reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr). a total of 268 samples from 637 children were inoculated onto tertiary monkey kidney cells. a total of 36 serum s ... | 2004 | 14715742 |
| human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus, brazil. | we describe the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of 111 children attending clinics and hospitals in aracaju, northeast brazil, with acute respiratory infections attributable to human metapneumovirus (hmpv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), or both in may and june 2002. fifty-three (48%) children were infected with rsv alone, 19 (17%) with hmpv alone, and 8 (7%) had rsv/hmpv co-infections. | 2003 | 14720409 |
| national disease burden of respiratory viruses detected in children by polymerase chain reaction. | the epidemiology of community-acquired respiratory viruses at the children's hospital of wisconsin between 1996 and 1998 was examined with molecular [multiplex (m) pcr] and standard virologic methods. | 2004 | 14730265 |
| clinical impact and diagnosis of human metapneumovirus infection. | acute respiratory infections are the most common illnesses experienced by people of all ages worldwide. a portion of hitherto unexplained viral respiratory tract illnesses (rtis) can now be attributed to the human metapneumovirus (hmpv), which was discovered in 2001. several surveys on the burden of disease of hmpv infection have been conducted in various study groups and with different diagnostic assays. to estimate the impact of hmpv infection in a hospital setting and in the community at larg ... | 2004 | 14730267 |
| [sars-associated coronavirus gene fragments were detected from a suspected pediatric sars patient]. | a special "fever and cough" clinic was set up at the children's hospital affiliated to capital institute of pediatrics for children with symptoms of fever and cough in late april when the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) epidemic was at its peak in beijing to separate the children with fever from others during their visit to the outpatient department. | 2003 | 14733796 |
| human metapneumovirus: a not so new virus. | | 2004 | 14743038 |
| [human metapneumovirus may associate with acute respiratory infections in hospitalized pediatric patients in beijing, china]. | a new respiratory virus, human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was recently identified by scientists in the netherlands first and then in a few other countries. to investigate if this newly discovered virus is associated with the acute respiratory infections in pediatric patients in beijing, tests were developed to detect hpmv gene fragments from nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from infants and young children hospitalized for acute respiratory infections from november 2002 to march 2003. | 2003 | 14749002 |
| human metapneumovirus--an important new respiratory virus. | | 2004 | 14749447 |
| human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in otherwise healthy infants and children. | we sought to determine the role of human metapneumovirus in lower respiratory tract illness in previously healthy infants and children. | 2004 | 14749452 |
| current challenges in lower respiratory infections in children. | lower respiratory infections threaten the health of children worldwide. streptococcus pneumoniae remains the most common bacterial cause of lower respiratory infection in children, whereas viral pathogens dominate as a more common cause of lower respiratory infection illness in infants and children overall. the diagnosis and clinical management of lower respiratory infections pose challenges to pediatric health providers as new technology is developed and new pathogens emerge in the spectrum of ... | 2004 | 14758123 |
| [acute respiratory tract infections due to a human metapneumovirus in children: descriptive study and comparison with respiratory syncytial virus infections]. | a new paramyxovirus, the human metapneumovirus was recently isolated. we report the first french cases collected between 2000 and 2002. | 2004 | 14992767 |
| sequence polymorphism of the predicted human metapneumovirus g glycoprotein. | the putative g glycoprotein genes of 25 human metapneumovirus (hmpv) field isolates obtained during five consecutive epidemic seasons (1997 to 2002) were sequenced. sequence alignments identified two major genetic groups, designated groups 1 and 2, and two minor genetic clusters within each major group, designated subgroups a and b. extensive nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence variability was observed, consisting of high rates of nucleotide substitutions, use of alternative transcription ... | 2004 | 14993653 |
| real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay for detection of human metapneumoviruses from all known genetic lineages. | the discovery of human metapneumovirus and its implications for respiratory tract disease have emphasized the need for a sensitive, specific, and rapid assay to detect this virus in a clinical setting. it recently became clear that human metapneumovirus can be grouped into at least four genetic lineages. previously described assays for the detection of human metapneumovirus were developed by using limited sequence information and failed to detect viruses from all four genetic lineages with compa ... | 2004 | 15004041 |
| stable and noncompetitive rna internal control for routine clinical diagnostic reverse transcription-pcr. | clinical diagnostic tests based on nucleic acid amplification assist with the prompt diagnosis of microbial infections because of their speeds and extremely low limits of detection. however, the design of appropriate internal controls for such assays has proven difficult. we describe a reaction-specific rna internal control for diagnostic reverse transcription (rt)-pcr which allows extraction, rt, amplification, and detection to be monitored. the control consists of a g+c-rich (60%) rna molecule ... | 2004 | 15004045 |
| human metapneumovirus: a new player among respiratory viruses. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly described member of the paramyxoviridae family belonging to the metapneumovirus genus. since its initial description in 2001, hmpv has been reported in most parts of the world and isolated from the respiratory tract of subjects from all age groups. despite the fact that prospective and case-control studies have been limited, the epidemiology and clinical manifestations associated with hmpv have been found to be reminiscent of those of the human respira ... | 2004 | 15034830 |
| recovery of human metapneumovirus from cdna: optimization of growth in vitro and expression of additional genes. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently recognized causative agent of respiratory tract disease in individuals of all ages and especially young infants. hmpv remains poorly characterized and has been reported to replicate inefficiently in vitro. complete consensus sequences were recently determined for two isolates representing the two proposed hmpv genetic subgroups. we have developed a reverse genetic system to produce one of these isolates, can97-83, entirely from cdna. we also recovered a ... | 2004 | 15051385 |
| a 1-year experience with human metapneumovirus in children aged <5 years. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered respiratory pathogen. we tested respiratory specimens for the presence of hmpv by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. these specimens were obtained over a 1-year period from children aged <5 years and had negative results by the direct fluorescent antibody test for respiratory syncytial virus, influenza a and b, parainfluenza viruses 1-3, and adenovirus. overall, 54 (8.1%) of 668 individuals tested positive for hmpv. during march ... | 2004 | 15073675 |
| animal pneumoviruses: molecular genetics and pathogenesis. | pneumoviruses are single-stranded, negative-sense, nonsegmented rna viruses of the family paramyxoviridae, subfamily pneumovirinae, and include pathogens that infect humans (respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus), domestic mammals (bovine, ovine, and caprine respiratory syncytial viruses), rodents (pneumonia virus of mice), and birds (avian metapneumovirus). among the topics considered in this review are recent studies focused on the roles of the individual virus-encoded componen ... | 2004 | 15084507 |
| human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in children. | | 2004 | 15103007 |
| [the first report of an epidemic of human metapneumovirus infection in japan: clinical and epidemiological study]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was newly discovered as a pathogen in 2001 and is thought to be associated with respiratory disease. to elucidate the prevalence and clinical significance of hmpv among children, we investigated the positive cases of hmpv-rna by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) in their nasopharyngeal specimens collected from january to august 2003 in hiroshima prefecture, japan. our prospective study revealed 77 hmpv-positive cases among 377 children with acu ... | 2004 | 15103904 |
| human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in children. | | 2004 | 15106263 |
| human metapneumovirus-associated atypical pneumonia and sars. | acute pneumonia developed in a previously healthy man during the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in southern china in march 2003. antibiotic treatment was ineffective, and he died 8 days after illness onset. human metapneumovirus was isolated from lung tissue. no other pathogen was found. other etiologic agents should thus be sought in apparent sars cases when coronavirus infection cannot be confirmed. | 2004 | 15109421 |
| clinical pictures of children with human metapneumovirus infection: comparison with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | | 2004 | 15118218 |
| outbreak of human metapneumovirus infection in norwegian children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was recently discovered in children with acute respiratory tract infection. we have studied the occurrence of hmpv and report clinical findings of 50 hmpv-infected children who were hospitalized during an outbreak in norway. methods and population: during 5 months from november 15, 2002 to april 14, 2003 we collected nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens from 236 children admitted because of respiratory tract infection (rti). samples were analyzed for influenza virus a/b ... | 2004 | 15131467 |
| human metapneumovirus as a causative agent of acute bronchiolitis in infants. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), has been recently isolated from children with acute respiratory tract infections (rtis), including bronchiolitis, and classified in the pneumovirinae subfamily within the paramyxoviridae family. | 2004 | 15135747 |
| differential production of inflammatory cytokines in primary infection with human metapneumovirus and with other common respiratory viruses of infancy. | viral respiratory infections are the most frequent cause of hospital admission for infants and young children during winter. however, the mechanisms of illness that are associated with viral lower-respiratory-tract infection (lri) are unclear. a widely accepted hypothesis attributes the pathogenesis of viral lri in infants to the induction of innate inflammatory responses. this theory is supported by studies showing that toll-like receptor 4 is activated by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), lea ... | 2004 | 15143472 |
| experimental human metapneumovirus infection of cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) results in virus replication in ciliated epithelial cells and pneumocytes with associated lesions throughout the respiratory tract. | a substantial proportion of hitherto unexplained respiratory tract illnesses is associated with human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection. this virus also was found in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars). to determine the dynamics and associated lesions of hmpv infection, six cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) were inoculated with hmpv and examined by pathological and virological assays. they were euthanized at 5 (n = 2) or 9 (n = 2) days post-infection (dpi), or monitored ... | 2004 | 15161626 |
| identification of small-animal and primate models for evaluation of vaccine candidates for human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and implications for hmpv vaccine design. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently identified paramyxovirus, is the causative agent of respiratory tract disease in young children. epidemiological studies have established the presence of hmpv in retrospective as well as current clinical samples in europe, usa, canada, hong kong and australia. the hmpv disease incidence rate varied from 7 to 12 %. this rate of disease attack places hmpv in severity between respiratory syncytial virus and human parainfluenza virus type 3, two common respir ... | 2004 | 15166450 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in hospital referred south african children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was first described in dutch children with acute respiratory symptoms. a prospective analysis of the epidemiology, clinical manifestation, and seroprevalence of hmpv and other respiratory viruses in south african children referred to hospital for upper or lower respiratory tract infection were carried out during a single winter season, by using rt-pcr, viral culture, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. in nasopharyngeal aspirates from 137 children, hmpv was detec ... | 2004 | 15170647 |
| vaccines for the prevention of respiratory viral infections: problems and current status. | acute respiratory virus infections cause the majority of lower respiratory tract illnesses and hospitalisations of infants and the elderly. the emergence of new respiratory viruses and a high probability that influenza will cause further pandemics highlights the necessity for developing better preventative strategies. although there is a clear and pressing need for vaccines to prevent respiratory syncytial virus, rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, parainfluenza and human metapneumovirus, progress has ... | 2004 | 15174954 |
| [clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis caused by human metapneumovirus in infants]. | the fact that the acute lower respiratory infections (alri) are associated with a newly discovered virus, human metapneumovirus (hmpv), has been shown in several studies. the authors conducted this study to understand the etiological and clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis, one of the most common alri in infants, caused by hmpv. | 2004 | 15189701 |
| the two major human metapneumovirus genetic lineages are highly related antigenically, and the fusion (f) protein is a major contributor to this antigenic relatedness. | the growth properties and antigenic relatedness of the can98-75 (can75) and the can97-83 (can83) human metapneumovirus (hmpv) strains, which represent the two distinct hmpv genetic lineages and exhibit 5 and 63% amino acid divergence in the fusion (f) and attachment (g) proteins, respectively, were investigated in vitro and in rodents and nonhuman primates. both strains replicated to high titers (> or =6.0 log(10)) in the upper respiratory tract of hamsters and to moderate titers (> or =3.6 log( ... | 2004 | 15194769 |
| human metapneumovirus in children tested at a tertiary-care hospital. | respiratory infections are the leading cause of outpatient visits in the united states, but the etiology of many of these infections is unknown. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered virus that causes respiratory infections. | 2004 | 15195239 |
| comparison of the inhibition of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by nmso3 in tissue culture assays. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently elucidated respiratory virus pathogen for which there are no agents currently licensed to prevent or treat infections caused by it. however, nmso3 has been reported to inhibit replication of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), a virus that is closely related to hmpv, both in vitro in tissue culture cells and in vivo in cotton rats. for this reason, experiments were performed to compare the antiviral activity of nmso3 against both hrsv and hmpv in ... | 2004 | 15196820 |
| antigenic and genetic variability of human metapneumoviruses. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a member of the subfamily pneumovirinae within the family paramyxo- viridae. other members of this subfamily, respiratory syncytial virus and avian pneumovirus, can be divided into subgroups on the basis of genetic or antigenic differences or both. for hmpv, the existence of different genetic lineages has been described on the basis of variation in a limited set of available sequences. we address the antigenic relationship between genetic lineages in virus neutral ... | 2004 | 15200856 |
| human metapneumovirus infection among children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness. | recent studies have associated human metapneu-movirus (hmpv) infection in children with respiratory disease of similar severity as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we studied 668 banked swab specimens (one per admission) collected from a population-based, prospective study of acute respiratory illness among inpatient children from two u.s. cities. specimens were tested for hmpv, rsv, influenza, and parainfluenza viruses by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays. twent ... | 2004 | 15200863 |
| respiratory picornaviruses and respiratory syncytial virus as causative agents of acute expiratory wheezing in children. | we studied the viral etiology of acute expiratory wheezing (bronchiolitis, acute asthma) in 293 hospitalized children in a 2-year prospective study in finland. a potential causative viral agent was detected in 88% of the cases. eleven different viruses were represented. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) (27%), enteroviruses (25%), rhinovirus (24%), and nontypable rhino/enterovirus (16%) were found most frequently. in infants, rsv was found in 54% and respiratory picornaviruses (rhinovirus and en ... | 2004 | 15207063 |
| sars and common viral infections. | in california, molecular testing was useful in decreasing suspicion for severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars), by detecting common respiratory pathogens (influenza a/b, human metapneumovirus, picornavirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia spp., parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus) in 23 (45%) of 51 patients with suspected sars and 9 (47%) of 19 patients with probable sars. | 2004 | 15207072 |
| global genetic diversity of human metapneumovirus fusion gene. | we analyzed 64 human metapneumovirus strains from eight countries. phylogenetic analysis identified two groups (a and b, amino acid identity 93%-96%) and four subgroups. although group a strains predominated, accounting for 69% of all strains, as many b as a strains were found in persons >3 years of age. | 2004 | 15207075 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in south african children hospitalised with respiratory tract disease. | | 2004 | 15211955 |
| the causes and diagnosis of influenza-like illness. | influenza and other respiratory viruses circulate between spring and autumn in temperate climates and all year in tropical climates. these viruses cause symptoms often referred to as influenza-like illness (ili), but are not generally distinguishable on clinical grounds alone. | 2004 | 15227858 |
| recovery of human metapneumovirus genetic lineages a and b from cloned cdna. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly discovered pathogen associated with respiratory tract illness, primarily in young children, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly. the genomic sequence of the prototype hmpv isolate nl/1/00 without the terminal leader and trailer sequences has been reported previously. here we describe the leader and trailer sequences of two hmpv isolates, nl/1/00 and nl/1/99, representing the two main genetic lineages of hmpv. minigenome constructs in which the g ... | 2004 | 15254198 |
| high genetic diversity of the attachment (g) protein of human metapneumovirus. | complete genes encoding the predicted nucleoprotein (n), phosphoprotein (p), matrix protein (m), fusion protein (f), m2-1protein, m2-2protein, small hydrophobic protein (sh), and attachmentprotein (g) of seven newly isolated human metapneumoviruses (hmpvs) were analyzed and compared with previously published data for hmpv genes. phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences indicated that there were two genetic groups, tentatively named groups 1 and 2, similar to the grouping of human respir ... | 2004 | 15297475 |