| lyme disease and migrating birds in the saint croix river valley. | during a study of migrating land birds in 1987, we examined over 9,200 individual birds representing 99 species from the saint croix river valley, a lyme disease-endemic area of east central minnesota and northwestern wisconsin. we found that 250 deer tick (ixodes dammini) larvae and nymphs infested 58 birds from 15 migrant species; 56 ticks (22.4%) were positive for the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. five ground-foraging migrant bird species favoring mesic habitats, veery (cathar ... | 1989 | 2782872 |
| involvement of birds in the epidemiology of the lyme disease agent borrelia burgdorferi. | borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease, was isolated from the liver of a passerine bird, catharus fuscescens (veery), and from larval ixodes dammini (tick) feeding on pheucticus ludovicianus (rose-breasted grosbeak) and geothlypis trichas (common yellowthroat). in indirect immunofluorescence antibody tests, isolates reacted with polyclonal and monoclonal (h5332) antibodies. studies on the dna composition of the veery liver isolate and the strain cultured from an i. dammini lar ... | 1986 | 3943893 |
| isolation and characterization of borrelia burgdorferi from blood of a bird captured in the saint croix river valley. | field investigations were conducted to further evaluate the role of birds in the maintenance and dissemination of borrelia burgdorferi. blood specimens were taken from 39 passerine birds of 17 species captured during june 1991 at the saint croix national riverway in wisconsin, and one isolate, wi91-23, was cultured from an adult song sparrow (melospiza melodia). this isolate was shown to be infectious for peromyscus leucopus and mesocricetus auratus (golden hamster). isolate wi91-23 was confirme ... | 1993 | 8370728 |
| antibody response of wild birds to natural infection with alphaviruses. | from 1986 to 1990, we conducted our second longitudinal study in the central (upstate) new york (cny) area on the wild avian hosts of eastern equine encephalomyelitis (eee) virus. field-collecting methods mirrored a study conducted from 1978 to 1980 at the same endemic focus. over the 5-yr study period, we captured 6,296 birds representing 99 species and took 4,174 blood samples from representatives of 83 species. gray catbirds, song sparrows, and veerys were the three dominant species captured ... | 2004 | 15605649 |
| spatial heterogeneity in predator activity, nest survivorship, and nest-site selection in two forest thrushes. | the ability of prey to find and use predator-free space has far-reaching consequences for their persistence and interactions with their predators. we tested whether nest survivorship of the ground-nesting veery (catharus fuscescens) and shrub-nesting wood thrush (hylocichla mustelina) was related to the local absence of a major nest predator, the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus). mouse-free space was defined by trap stations that failed to trap a mouse during the avian breeding season (a ... | 2006 | 16425046 |
| long-term effects of group-selection timber harvesting on abundance of forest birds. | relatively few studies have examined the ecological effects of group-selection timber harvesting, and nearly all have been short-term and have lacked experimental manipulations that allow pre- and posttreatment comparisons. we have been documenting the effects of a group-selection timber harvest on bird abundance in a maine forest for 24 years (preharvest, 1983-1987; postharvest, 1988-2006). here we characterized the trends in bird abundance over the first 20 years of the study in the managed an ... | 2007 | 17883487 |
| multi-generational kinship, multiple mating, and flexible modes of parental care in a breeding population of the veery (catharus fuscescens), a trans-hemispheric migratory songbird. | we discovered variable modes of parental care in a breeding population of color-banded veeries (catharus fuscescens), a nearctic-neotropical migratory songbird, long thought to be socially monogamous, and performed a multi-locus dna microsatellite analysis to estimate parentage and kinship in a sample of 37 adults and 21 offspring. we detected multiple mating in both sexes, and four modes of parental care that varied in frequency within and between years including multiple male feeders at some n ... | 2016 | 27331399 |
| two novel vocalizations are used by veeries (catharus fuscescens) during agonistic interactions. | avian vocalizations are common examples of the complex signals used by animals to negotiate during agonistic interactions. in this study, we used two playback experiments to identify agonistic signals in a songbird species with several acoustically complex songs and calls, the veery. in the first experiment, we compared veery singing behavior in response to simulated territorial intrusions including playback of three variations of veery song: 1) song alone as a control, 2) songs with added whisp ... | 2015 | 25798825 |
| habitat selection and ranges of tolerance: how do species differ beyond critical thresholds? | sensitivity to habitat fragmentation often has been examined in terms of thresholds in landscape composition at which a species is likely to occur. observed thresholds often have been low or absent, however, leaving much unexplained about habitat selection beyond initial thresholds of occurrence, even for species with strong habitat preferences. we examined responses to varying amounts of tree cover, a widely influential measure of habitat loss, for 40 woodland bird species in a mixed woodland/g ... | 2012 | 23170216 |
| nesting songbirds assess spatial heterogeneity of predatory chipmunks by eavesdropping on their vocalizations. | 1. information benefits organisms living in a heterogeneous world by reducing uncertainty associated with decision making. for breeding passerines, information reliably associated with nest failure, such as predator activity, can be used to adjust breeding decisions leading to higher reproductive success. 2. predator vocalizations may provide a source of current information for songbirds to assess spatial heterogeneity in risk that enables them to make appropriate nest-site and territory placeme ... | 2011 | 21699539 |
| grooming in the veery and the american robin: evidence for a simple timing hierarchy. | grooming behaviours in the veery (catharus fuscescens ) and the american robin (turdus migratorius ) cluster into four hierarchical groups based on function and anatomy: (1) non-preening, (2) upper body and wing preening, (3) lower body cleaning, and (4) tail preening in the veery; (1) non-preening, (2) body preening, (3) wing preening and (4) tail preening in the robin. the frequency distributions of the number of consecutive acts per cluster and the number of cluster visits per bout approximat ... | 1986 | 24897586 |
| how migratory thrushes conquered northern north america: a comparative phylogeography approach. | five species of migratory thrushes (turdidae) occupy a transcontinental distribution across northern north america. they have largely overlapping breeding ranges, relatively similar ecological niches, and mutualistic relationships with northern woodland communities as insectivores and seed-dispersing frugivores. as an assemblage of ecologically similar species, and given other vertebrate studies, we predicted a shared pattern of genetic divergence among these species between their eastern and we ... | 2013 | 24255819 |
| domestication and crop physiology: roots of green-revolution wheat. | most plant scientists, in contrast to animal scientists, study only half the organism, namely above-ground stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, and neglect below-ground roots. yet all acknowledge roots are important for anchorage, water and nutrient uptake, and presumably components of yield. this paper investigates the relationship between domestication, and the root systems of landraces, and the parents of early, mid- and late green-revolution bread wheat cultivars. it compares the root system o ... | 2007 | 17940075 |
| qtl analysis of resistance to fusarium head blight in the novel wheat germplasm cj 9306. i. resistance to fungal spread. | fusarium head blight (fhb or scab) caused by fusarium species is a destructive disease in wheat and barley worldwide. the objectives of our study were to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) for resistance to fhb spread (type ii resistance) and to quantify the magnitude of their effects in a novel highly resistant wheat germplasm, cj 9306. a set of 152 f(7) recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a cross veery/cj 9306 and two parents were evaluated for fhb resistance by single-floret ino ... | 2007 | 17898987 |
| qtl analysis of resistance to fusarium head blight in the novel wheat germplasm cj 9306. ii. resistance to deoxynivalenol accumulation and grain yield loss. | fusarium head blight (fhb or scab) caused by fusarium species is a destructive disease in wheat, not only causing dramatic decrease of grain yield and quality, but also leading to serious mycotoxin contamination in the infected grains. this study was conducted to identify and quantify quantitative trait loci (qtls) contributing to resistance to deoxynivalenol (don) accumulation as well as to grain yield loss in a population of 152 f(7) recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from the cross veery ... | 2007 | 17726598 |
| [effects of the physical configuration of plasmid dna and other factors on production of fertile transgenic wheat plants]. | the applicability of hyperosmotic treatment and different configurations of plasmid dna for stable transformation of wheat mediated by particle bombardment was investigated. hyperosmotic treatment increased the frequency of transient expression and had also a positive effect on stable transformation. denaturation of plasmid dna prior to bombardment led to dramatic reduction of transient expression. however, there were no marked differences between single-stranded and double-stranded dna in stabl ... | 2001 | 12549219 |
| nitrogen balance for wheat canopies (triticum aestivum cv. veery 10) grown under elevated and ambient co2 concentrations. | we examined the hypothesis that elevated co2 concentration would increase no3- absorption and assimilation using intact wheat canopies (triticum aestivum cv. veery 10). nitrate consumption, the sum of plant absorption and nitrogen loss, was continuously monitored for 23 d following germination under two co2 concentrations (360 and 1000 micromol mol-1 co2) and two root zone no3- concentrations (100 and 1000 mmol m3 no3-). the plants were grown at high density (1780 m-2) in a 28 m3 controlled envi ... | 1998 | 11543217 |
| adaptation to high co2 concentration in an optimal environment: radiation capture, canopy quantum yield and carbon use efficiency. | the effect of elevated [co2] on wheat (triticum aestivum l. veery 10) productivity was examined by analysing radiation capture, canopy quantum yield, canopy carbon use efficiency, harvest index and daily c gain. canopies were grown at either 330 or 1200 micromoles mol-1 [co2] in controlled environments, where root and shoot c fluxes were monitored continuously from emergence to harvest. a rapidly circulating hydroponic solution supplied nutrients, water and root zone oxygen. at harvest, dry mass ... | 1998 | 11543216 |
| photosynthetic capacity and dry mass partitioning in dwarf and semi-dwarf wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | efficient use of space and high yields are critical for long-term food production aboard the international space station. the selection of a full dwarf wheat (less than 30 cm tall) with high photosynthetic and yield potential is a necessary prerequisite for growing wheat in the controlled, volume-limited environments available aboard long-term spaceflight missions. this study evaluated the photosynthetic capacity and carbon partitioning of a full-dwarf wheat cultivar, super dwarf, which is routi ... | 1998 | 11542674 |
| very high co2 reduces photosynthesis, dark respiration and yield in wheat. | although terrestrial co2 concentrations, [co2] are not expected to reach 1000 micromoles mol-1 for many decades, co2 levels in closed systems such as growth chambers and glasshouses, can easily exceed this concentration. co2 levels in life support systems in space can exceed 10000 micromoles mol-1 (1%). here we studied the effect of six co2 concentrations, from ambient up to 10000 micromoles mol-1, on seed yield, growth and gas exchange of two wheat cultivars (usu-apogee and veery-l0). elevating ... | 1997 | 11541793 |
| super-optimal co2 reduces seed yield but not vegetative growth in wheat. | although terrestrial atmospheric co2 levels will not reach 1000 micromoles mol-1 (0.1%) for decades, co2 levels in growth chambers and greenhouses routinely exceed that concentration. co2 levels in life support systems in space can exceed 10000 micromoles mol-1(1%). numerous studies have examined co2 effects up to 1000 micromoles mol-1, but biochemical measurements indicate that the beneficial effects of co2 can continue beyond this concentration. we studied the effects of near-optimal (approxim ... | 2016 | 11543367 |
| super-optimal co2 reduces wheat yield in growth chamber and greenhouse environments. | seven growth chamber trials (six replicate trials using 0.035, 0.12, and 0.25% co2 in air and one trial using 0.12, 0.80, and 2.0% co2 in air) and three replicate greenhouse trials (0.035, 0.10, 0.18, 0.26, 0.50, and 1.0% co2 in air) compare the effects of super-optimal co2 on the seed yield, harvest index, and vegetative growth rate of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cvs. usu-apogee and veery-10). plants in the growth chamber trials were grown hydroponically under fluorescent lamps, while the green ... | 1997 | 11542567 |
| yield comparisons and unique characteristics of the dwarf wheat cultivar 'usu-apogee'. | extremely short, high yielding cultivars of all crop plants are needed to optimize the food production of bioregenerative life support systems in space. in the early 1980's, we examined over a thousand wheat genotypes from the world germplasm collection in search of genotypes with appropriate characteristics for food production in space. here we report the results of 12 years of hybridization and selection for the perfect wheat cultivar. 'usu-apogee' is a full-dwarf hard red spring wheat (tritic ... | 1997 | 11542565 |
| diffuse light and wheat radiation-use efficiency in a controlled environment. | radiation-use efficiency (dry matter produced per unit absorbed radiation) of a spring wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. veery-10) was 40% higher in controlled growth chamber experiments than under optimal field conditions. simulations with ceres-wheat, a field model modified to account for growth chamber conditions, suggest that the observed increase in radiation-use efficiency was due to the large fraction of diffuse light in the experimental chamber. under optimal conditions in the field, the ... | 1997 | 11540456 |
| on the use of antibiotics to reduce rhizoplane microbial populations in root physiology and ecology investigations. | no straightforward method exists for separating the proportion of ion exchange and respiration due to rhizoplane microbial organisms from that of root ion exchange and respiration. we examined several antibiotics that might be used for the temporary elimination of rhizoplane bacteria from hydroponically grown wheat roots (triticum aestivum cv. veery 10). each antibiotic was tested for herbicidal activity and plate counts were used to enumerate bacteria and evaluate antibiotic kinetics. only lact ... | 1995 | 11540615 |
| haploid production in durum wheat by the interaction of aegilops kotschyi cytoplasm and 1bl/1rs chromosomal interchange. | the present study describes the development of an alloplasmic haploid-inducer in durum wheat cv 'cando'. this cultivar possesses the homozygous wheat-rye translocation 1bl/1rs from the 6x-wheat cv 'veery'. the nucleus of 4x-'cando-veery 1bl/1rs' was introduced into aegilops kotschyi cytoplasm by initially using (kotschyi)-salmon as the maternal parent. in the cross of this alloplasmic durum line with 'cando-veery 1bl/1rs', which was used as the recurrent pollen parent, haploids (n=14) were produ ... | 1993 | 24194002 |
| cytological characterization, powdery mildew resistance and storage protein composition of tetraploid and hexaploid 1bl/1rs wheat-rye translocation lines. | progenies of a tetraploid 1bl/1rs wheat-rye translocation line, cv 256, selected from the cross 'cando' x 'veery', were analyzed by means of giemsa c-banding. cv 256 is cytologically stable for the presence of the 1bl/1rs translocation but still segregating for a- and b-genome chromosomes of 'cando' and 'veery'. in cv 256, nucleolar activity of the 1rs nor locus is suppressed, as judged by the absence of a secondary constriction in that rye segment and the capability of organizing nucleoli. page ... | 1989 | 24227252 |
| transfer of the 1bl/1rs wheat-rye-translocation from hexaploid bread wheat to tetraploid durum wheat. | the present study describes a cytological stable alien chromosome translocation in tetraploid durum wheat. by crossing the hexaploid 1bl/1rs wheat-rye translocation line "veery" to the tetraploid durum wheat cultivar "cando" it was possible to select a 28 chromosomic strain homozygous for the 1bl/1rs translocation. the disease resistance potential of the short arm of rye chromosome 1r, which has been widely introduced in many hexaploid bread wheat cultivars could be now also used for the improve ... | 1987 | 24241794 |
| detection of babesia odocoilei in ixodes scapularis ticks collected from songbirds in ontario and quebec, canada. | songbirds widely disperse ticks that carry a diversity of pathogens, some of which are pathogenic to humans. among ticks commonly removed from songbirds, the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis, can harbor any combination of nine zoonotic pathogens, including babesia species. from may through september 2019, a total 157 ticks were collected from 93 songbirds of 29 species in the canadian provinces of ontario and québec. pcr testing for the 18s gene of babesia species detected babesia odocoilei i ... | 2020 | 32987727 |
| presence of babesia odocoilei and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in a tick and dual parasitism of amblyomma inornatum and ixodes scapularis on a bird in canada. | wild birds transport ticks into canada that harbor a diversity of zoonotic pathogens. however, medical practitioners often question how these zoonotic pathogens are present in their locality. in this study, we provide the first report of an amblyomma inornatum tick cofeeding with a blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis, which parasitized a veery, catharus fuscescens-a neotropical songbird. using the flagellin (flab) gene of the lyme disease bacterium, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and the 18s r ... | 2019 | 30897803 |
| a nearctic-neotropical migratory songbird's nesting phenology and clutch size are predictors of accumulated cyclone energy. | the breeding season phenology of nearctic-neotropical migratory songbirds is constrained by subsequent seasons resulting in single-brooded behavior (one successful clutch per year) in some species. early cessation of the nesting season prior to an active hurricane season will allow for behavioral plasticity during a physiologically challenging migration. hurricane activity shows a high degree of inter-annual variability. i show that a single-brooded nearctic-breeding species' (catharus fuscescen ... | 2018 | 29967413 |
| detection of virulence to wheat stem rust resistance gene sr31 in puccinia graminis. f. sp. tritici in uganda. | in much of the world, resistance to stem rust in wheat, caused by puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, is based at least in part on the gene sr31. during february 1999, high levels of stem rust infection were observed on entries in wheat (triticum aestivum) grown in a nursery at kalengyere research station in uganda. because several of the rusted entries were known to carry the 1bl-1rs chromosome translocation containing the sr31, lr26, and yr9 genes for rust resistance, virulence to sr31 was suspe ... | 2000 | 30841334 |
| in vitro development of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) from zygote to plant via ovule culture. | ovules of the wheat breeding line veery #5 were excised and transferred to culture within 24 h after pollination. when ovules were cultured on phytagel-solidified medium, and the pericarp removed exclusively at the micropylar tip and the abaxial side, zygotes from up to 79.2% of the ovules underwent embryogenesis with the same developmental pattern as found in planta. embryos from more than 50% of the cultured ovules germinated when transferred to regeneration medium. more than 100 plantlets wer ... | 1997 | 30727615 |