| antiprotozoal and antiangiogenic saponins from apodytes dimidiata. | bioassay-guided isolation was performed on the leaves of apodytes dimidiata e. mey. ex arn. (icacinaceae), based on previously demonstrated activity against leishmania. six saponins never isolated from nature before were elucidated with lc-ms/ms, gc-ms and 1d and 2d nmr. the compounds apodytine a-f are responsible at least in part for the antiprotozoal activity, but also possess haemolytic activity and display antiangiogenic activity in the rat aorta ring assay, an effect which may be due to a n ... | 2011 | 21601896 |
| endophytic fungal strains of fusarium solani, from apodytes dimidiata e. mey. ex arn (icacinaceae) produce camptothecin, 10-hydroxycamptothecin and 9-methoxycamptothecin. | camptothecin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin are two important precursors for the synthesis of the clinically useful anticancer drugs, topotecan and irinotecan. in recent years, efforts have been made to identify novel plant and endophytic fungal sources of camptothecin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin. in this study we have isolated endophytic fungi strains from apodytes dimidiata (icacinaceae), a medium sized tree from the western ghats, india. the fungi were identified as fusarium solani using both its ... | 2010 | 19863979 |
| the molluscicidal activity of apodytes dimidiata e. meyer ex arn (icacinaceae), gardenia thunbergia l.f. (rubiaceae) and warburgia salutaris (bertol. f.) chiov. (cannelaceae), three south african plants. | mollusciciding is still considered the most important means of control of schistosomiasis where the volume of water per caput is small. in rural communities the cost of synthetic molluscicides and/or chemotherapy prohibits their use. plant molluscicides, applied as crude aqueous suspensions are the source of cheap, effective and environmentally acceptable alternatives. further, infected communities are likely to accept the use of local indigenous plants, particularly if they have more than one l ... | 1997 | 9147251 |
| acute toxicity evaluation of the plant molluscicide, apodytes dimidiata (icacinaceae), to eisenia fetida (oligochaeta) and oreochromis mossambicus (cichlidae) in south africa. | the crude aqueous leaf extract of a south african tree, apodytes dimidiata, has been identified as a potential molluscicide for snail control in anti-schistosomiasis programmes in rural communities. before preliminary field trials could be implemented its acute toxic effects on two non-target organisms were examined in accordance with the oecd guidelines to identify any potential hazards that might arise from the plant's use. laboratory results showed that working molluscicidal concentrations of ... | 1997 | 9083581 |
| the molluscicidal properties of apodytes dimidiata subsp. dimidiata (icacinaceae). | the molluscicidal and piscicidal activity of extracts from the leaves, berries and bark of the tree apodytes dimidiata were evaluated experimentally. the leaves were highly toxic to both bulinus africanus and biomphalaria pfeifferi, the intermediate host snails of schistosoma spp. b. pfeifferi profusely exuded mucus which appeared to render some protection against the toxic substance(s) of the plant but did not prevent their eventual demise. the lc10 after one-hour exposures of fish (oreochromis ... | 1991 | 2051521 |
| new plant sources of the anti-cancer alkaloid, camptothecine from the icacinaceae taxa, india. | in this study, the production of camptothecine and its derivatives, in thirteen species of the family icacinaceae, namely, apodytes dimidiata, codiocarpus andamanicus, gomphandra comosa, gomphandra coriacea, gomphandra polymorpha, gomphandra tetrandra, iodes cirrhosa, iodes hookeriana, miquelia dentata, miquelia kleinii, natsiatum herpeticum, pyrenacantha volubilis and sarcostigma kleinii is reported. seeds of m. dentata were found to produce the highest content of camptothecine (1.0-1.4% by dry ... | 2013 | 23474217 |
| evaluation of cytotoxic and antitumour properties of apodytes dimidiata and characterisation of the bioactive component. | apodytes dimidiata, belonging to the family icacinaceae, is used for treating inflammation and various gastrointestinal ailments in zulu traditional medicine. in the present study, significant cytotoxicity was exhibited by the methanolic extract of the a. dimidiata leaf against various cancer cell lines. the extract was purified partially through silica gel column by successive elution using various solvents of increasing polarity. among these, the active methanolic fraction was found to be the ... | 2015 | 26218335 |
| attenuation of dmba/croton oil induced mouse skin papilloma by apodytes dimidiata mediated by its antioxidant and antimutagenic potential. | context considering the role of cellular oxidative stress in mutations and subsequent transformation, phytochemicals with antioxidant potential has become a primary choice as chemopreventives. apodytes dimidiata e. mey. ex. arn (icacinaceae), a widely used plant in zulu traditional medicine, is reported to possess antioxidant activity. objective to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy of methanol extract of a. dimidiata leaf (amf). materials and methods antimutagenic potential of amf (25, 50 ... | 2016 | 26878464 |
| ameliorative effect of apodytes dimidiata on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in wistar rats. | context nutraceuticals possessing antioxidant potential have been used to alleviate side effects exerted by many chemotherapeutics, including cisplatin. since apodytes dimidiata e. mey. ex arn. (icacinaceae) shows antioxidant potential, it may possess significant chemoprotective effects. objectives the study investigated whether a. dimidiata could attenuate cisplatin-induced renal damage. materials and methods nephrotoxicity was induced by cisplatin (single i.p., 16 mg/kg b wt.) in wistar rats. ... | 2016 | 26940704 |
| validation of antimycobacterial plants used by traditional healers in three districts of the limpopo province (south africa). | the aim of the study was to scientifically evaluate the antimycobacterial activity of selected indigenous medicinal plants from the limpopo province used for the treatment of humans with symptoms of mycobacterium tuberculosis. the leaves of five plant species (apodytes dimidiata, artemisia, combretum hereroense, lippia javanica, and zanthoxylum capense) were collected from the lowveld national botanical garden in nelspruit, south africa. the dried leaves were powdered and extracted using hexane, ... | 2013 | 23956776 |
| anti-mycobacteria potential and synergistic effects of combined crude extracts of selected medicinal plants used by bapedi traditional healers to treat tuberculosis related symptoms in limpopo province, south africa. | tuberculosis is an infectious communicable disease and the causative agent of the disease has over the years developed resistance to streamline chemotherapeutic agents with dire consequences and there is a need for development of new and more potent alternatives. | 2017 | 28235402 |
| the molluscicidal properties of apodytes dimidiata (icacinaceae): geographical variation in molluscicidal potency. | synthetic molluscicides have proved too expensive for most countries wanting to include snail control in their anti-schistosomiasis programmes. an alternative, which is not only cheaper but also promotes self-reliance and empowerment of the affected communities, is the use of molluscicidal plants. an often-cited limitation to using such natural products is the geographical variation in the toxicity of candidate species. the geographical variation in the molluscicidal activity of apodytes dimidia ... | 1999 | 10690247 |
| mammal toxicity assessment of the plant molluscicide, apodytes dimidiata (icacinaceae), in south africa. | apodytes dimidiata has recently come to the fore as a potential plant molluscicide for schistosomiasis control in rural communities in south africa. prior to field applications of its leaves and extract to waterbodies, selected acute and sub-acute mammal toxicity tests were conducted in accordance with the organisation of economic cooperation and development (oecd) guidelines to identify any potential hazards that might arise form the plant's use. acute and sub-acute mammal toxicity test results ... | 1997 | 9177577 |