| the effect of glutaurine on the development of amphibian larvae with inhibited rna and protein synthesis. | 1. glutaurine (gamma-l-glutamyl-taurine) isolated from bovine parathyroid and later synthetized retards the metamorphosis of rana arvalis. 2. from day 13 of treatment glutaurine moderates the metamorphosis inhibiting effect of antibiotics acting at the transcription and translation level. | 1979 | 94855 |
| [parasitism of larvae of the fly, lucilia bufonivora, moniez, 1876, on anura]. | in 1951 to 1973 there were recorded cases of myiasis in four species of amphibia (pelobates fuscus, bufo bufo, b. viridis, rana arvalis) from the volga-kama state reserve (the tatar assr). in arid 1972 the number of rana arvalis with myiasis reached to 20-25%. observations were conducted on the development of lucilia bufonivora from the egg laying to the host death and hatching of imago. | 1976 | 134338 |
| in vitro activation of amphibian dermal melanocytes by nicotine. | epidemiologic investigations have shown that nicotine could be a factor causing oral melanin pigmentation in man. nicotine was therefore tested on amphibian skin melanocytes. cell reactions were registered by spectrophotometry, in vitro light microscopy, photomicrography and light and electron microscopy. it was found that dermal melanocytes in the toad bufo bufo and the frog rana arvalis were activated by nicotine and that this activation was not mediated via beta-adrenergic receptors in melano ... | 1986 | 3085206 |
| [the chemical interaction of tadpoles of the frog rana arvalis nilss. with conspecific and heterospecific anuran tadpoles]. | in double-choice experiments the tadpoles of rana arvalis were offered chemical cues of con- and heterospecific tadpoles in different combinations. it was shown that they are capable of distinguishing these signals. the cues of bufo bufo and rana lessonae larvae induced a clear reaction of attraction, whereas those of rana temporaria did not cause any visible behavioral response. conspecific tadpoles were more attractive than clear water, irrespective of their relationship with the recipients, h ... | 1995 | 7725786 |
| culicidae (diptera) in the diet of predatory stages of anurans (amphibia) in humid biotopes of the rhine valley in germany. | a three-year field study was conducted during 1993 to 1995 to determine the importance of mosquitoes in the diet of anurans. the study was aimed to assess the impact of biological mosquito control on the populations of amphibia in the rhine valley, germany. sampling took place in two areas with stands of different deciduous trees at the western bank of the rhine (north of karlsruhe, germany) from early may to late october. the frequency and species composition of the terrestrial stages of amphib ... | 1997 | 9221735 |
| the effects of solar uv-b radiation on embryonic mortality and development in three boreal anurans (rana temporaria, rana arvalis and bufo bufo). | many species of amphibians have experienced population and range reductions. it has been hypothesized that sensitivity to uv-b may contribute to the population declines of some amphibian species. we performed field experiments to measure the effects of solar uv-b on the hatching success of three finnish anuran species, the common frog (rana temporaria), moor frog (rana arvalis) and common toad (bufo bufo). further, the effects of natural uv-b radiation on survival of the tadpoles of the same thr ... | 2001 | 11459149 |
| [selective predation on tadpoles of three tailless anuran species]. | in laboratory experiments an introduced fish perccottus glenii consumed selectively tadpoles of three numerous anuran amphibian species of moscow province. perccottus glenii actively consumed all seized tadpoles of the rana arvalis and r. temporaria. these predators consumed significantly lesser number of bufo bufo tadpoles and frequently rejected them after seizing without considerable damages. observations showed that p. glenii rejects b. bufo after intraoral testing. larvae of dragonfly aesch ... | 2001 | 11544772 |
| effects of ultraviolet-b radiation on behaviour and growth of three species of amphibian larvae. | effects of ultraviolet-b (uv-b) radiation on amphibian embryos have been investigated in a number of studies, but the effects on larvae have received less attention. we investigated the effects of uv-b radiation on the behaviour and growth of larvae of three amphibians (rana arvalis, rana temporaria and bufo bufo) in two different experiments. first, we tested whether larvae of the three species actively avoid uv-b exposure if given a choice. we found no evidence for active avoidance of uv-b or ... | 2003 | 12591252 |
| geographic variation in acid stress tolerance of the moor frog, rana arvalis. i. local adaptation. | spatially varying directional selection together with restricted gene flow among populations is expected to lead to local adaptation. one environmental factor that potentially causes strong directional selection, but is little explored in evolutionary terms, is naturally and anthropogenically induced acidity. we studied local adaptation to acidity in four swedish populations (two originating from areas that have suffered from severe anthropogenic acidification during the 1900s and two from areas ... | 2003 | 12683531 |
| geographic variation in acid stress tolerance of the moor frog, rana arvalis. ii. adaptive maternal effects. | the knowledge about the relative contributions of additive genetic and maternal effects, as well as the proximate determinants of maternal effects variation, on population differentiation remains elusive. likewise, although embryonic performance is often an important component of fitness, it has been relatively little explored in respect to population differentiation. by conducting reciprocal crosses between an acid and a neutral origin population of moor frogs (rana arvalis), we investigated th ... | 2003 | 12683532 |
| estimation of radiation doses from (137)cs to frogs in a wetland ecosystem. | currently, there is no established methodology to estimate radiation doses to non-human biota. therefore, in this study, various dose models were used to estimate radiation doses to moor frogs (rana arvalis) in a wetland ecosystem contaminated with (137)cs. external dose estimations were based on activity concentrations of (137)cs in soil and water, considering changes in habitat over a life-cycle. internal doses were calculated from the activity concentrations of (137)cs measured in moor frogs. ... | 2004 | 15149758 |
| [evaluation of the state of the gene pool of natural populations of vertebrate animals inhabiting the fragmented landscape of moscow and moscow district (with special reference to brown frogs)]. | a system of urban ecological genetic monitoring has been developed for the first time in russia and in the world. as a model, two species of brown frogs, rana arvalis nilss. and r. temporaria l. (16 populations, seven isozyme loci) were used. an evaluation of the gene pool state in urban frog populations has shown that the diversity in the moscow frog populations was lower than that in natural populations (up to 80 and 50% in respectively r. anvalis and r. temporaria). mean heterozygosities per ... | 2006 | 16808243 |
| [interpopulation comparison of variations in gastrulation of rana arvalis and rana ridibunda occurring under the conditions of anthropogenic contamination of water bodies]. | the results of morphometric analysis of gastrulation in city populations of rana arvalis and rana ridibunda suggest that under the conditions of anthropogenic contamination of water bodies, the early development is more variable, if we compare less variable sizes of their eggs in the city and suburb populations. the variability of gastrulation appears to depend on the degree of contamination of spawning water bodies and is accompanied by increased correlation between the forming structures. this ... | 2007 | 17915537 |
| amphibian occurrence is influenced by current and historic landscape characteristics. | human-induced habitat loss and degradation are major threats to wetland species as reflected in the fact that wetlands have declined by more than 50% in europe and north america during the last century. both current and historic land-use patterns are likely to be significant determinants of wetland species' distributions; however their relative importance is often unknown. we studied the importance of local (study pond) and landscape (current and 18th-century landscape) characteristics in explai ... | 2007 | 18213970 |
| do male moor frogs (rana arvalis) lek with kin? | many amphibian species are known to form leks during breeding season, yet it has seldom been tested which evolutionary forces are likely to act on lek formation in this taxon. we tested the kin selection hypothesis for lek formation by using eight variable microsatellite loci to compare the genetic relationship of 203 males in seven rana arvalis leks. the results indicate that moor frog males do not lek with kin: their relatedness within leks was not higher than expected by chance. furthermore, ... | 2008 | 18422930 |
| mass spectrometric study of peptides secreted by the skin glands of the brown frog rana arvalis from the moscow region. | a high-performance liquid chromatography nano-electrospray ionization fourier transform mass spectrometry (hplc/nanoesi-ftms) approach involving recording of collision-activated dissociation (cad) and electron-capture dissociation (ecd) spectra of an intact sample and two its modifications after performic oxidation and reduction followed by carboxamidomethylation helps to establish peptide profiles in the crude secretion of frog species at mid-throughput level, including de novo sequencing. the ... | 2009 | 19308951 |
| [analysis of helminthofauna of common spaedfoot pelobates fuscus (laurenti, 1768) and moor frog rana arvalis nilsson, 1842 (amphibia: anura) at their joint habitation]. | the helminths fauna of common spaedfoot pelobates fuscus (laurenti, 1768) and moor frog rana arvalis nilsson, 1842 has been studied at their joint habitation. the stuff was collected in 1998-2002, 2004-2006 years in several regions (republic mordovia, samara and saratov areas). the processing of a stuff is conducted by a method of full helmintologic dissecting. the fauna of helminths considerably differs. for common spaedfoot only 13 species of helminths was detected which also parasitized moor ... | 2009 | 19637773 |
| [an intergral method for quantitative cell dna content measurements by digital microphotography]. | quantitative nuclei dna content measurement based on feulgen reaction and the analysis of ccd images was tested. the measurements were performed in monochorome ccd option (650 x 514 pixels) with the wavelength 551 nm. the linear dependence of photomatrix elements signals on the falling light was shown with the use of multigraded light absorption filter. the optimal microscope and camera setting and an approach for elimination of the optic blur were found. we have shown that the proper feulgen fl ... | 2010 | 20540347 |
| ammonia as a pheromone in anuran tadpoles. | in laboratory experiments, conspecific excretions and ammonia solutions evoked avoidance reactions in tadpoles of three anuran species, bufo bufo, rana temporaria, and rana arvalis. a differential sensitivity of ammonia chemoreception was determined for two anuran species. for bufo bufo tadpoles, these characteristics at ammonia background concentration of 0.2 mg/l lied in the range 150 % < di/i < 500 %, and for background of 0.4 mg/l the value lied in the range 400 % < di/i < 500 %. for rana te ... | 2011 | 21777014 |
| evolutionary trend for metamery reduction and gonad shortening in anurans revealed by comparison of gonad development. | the gonads develop as the metameric mesodermal structures at the ventral surface of the mesonephroi. to study the evolutionary trends for anuran gonads, we performed comparative analysis of three species from the basal paraphyletic group - archaeobatrachia (bombina bombina, xenopus laevis, pelobates fuscus) and five species from more derived monophyletic neobatrachia group (hyla arborea, bufotes viridis, rana dalmatina, rana arvalis, rana temporaria). light and scanning electron microscopy analy ... | 2014 | 26154333 |
| retinoic acid homeostasis regulates meiotic entry in developing anuran gonads and in bidder's organ through raldh2 and cyp26b1 proteins. | the vitamin a (retinol) and its metabolites such as retinoic acid (ra) affect vertebrate gametogenesis. the level of ra in cells relies on the balance between its synthesis and degradation. the sex-dependent equilibrium is reached in different ways in various species. it is known that ra induces meiosis in developing gonads in mouse, chicken and urodel amphibians, but its role in anuran amphibians has not been studied. here we show in six anuran species (xenopus laevis, bombina bombina, hyla arb ... | 2016 | 24056063 |
| sexual dimorphism of amh, dmrt1 and rspo1 localization in the developing gonads of six anuran species. | in vertebrates, several genes which are differentially expressed in various species, have been implicated in sex determination and gonadal differentiation. we used immunolocalization to study the expression pattern of three proteins amh, dmrt1, rspo1 involved in the sexual differentiation of gonads. the pattern of amh, dmrt1 and rspo1 expression was analyzed in x. laevis and in five other divergent anuran species: bombina bombina, bufo viridis, hyla arborea, rana arvalis and rana temporaria duri ... | 2013 | 24623081 |
| uptake and effects on detoxication enzymes of cypermethrin in embryos and tadpoles of amphibians. | a number of factors have been suggested for recently observed amphibian decreases, and one potential factor is pesticide exposure. we studied the uptake and effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin on two different amphibian species, bombina variegata and rana arvalis. the uptake from water of 14c-labeled cypermethrin (0.4 microg/l) by eggs and tadpoles of b. variegata was investigated. after 24 hours of exposure, 153.9 ng cypermethrin/g fresh ... | 2004 | 15499499 |
| comparison of embryo toxicity using two classes of aquatic vertebrates. | toxicity tests of musk ketone (mk) and tetrabromobisphenol-a (tbbpa) on embryos were conducted in two amphibian species, xenopus (silurana) tropicalis and the swedish native species rana arvalis. tbbpa was also tested on fish embryos of danio rerio. all species were tested in similar experimental setup. musk ketone caused decreased heart rates at concentrations from 10 and 100 μg/l in r. arvalis and x. tropicalis, respectively. tbbpa caused effects at 1000 μg/l in all three species. the response ... | 2014 | 24291369 |
| long-term observation of amphibian populations inhabiting urban and forested areas in yekaterinburg, russia. | this article presents data derived from a 36 year-long uninterrupted observational study of amphibian populations living in the city and vicinity of yekaterinburg, russia. this area is inhabited by six amphibian species. based on a degree of anthropogenic transformation, the urban territory is divided into five highly mosaic zones characterized by vegetation, temperature, and a distinctive water pollution profile. population data is presented year-by-year for the number of animals, sex ratio, an ... | 2015 | 25984350 |
| identifying homomorphic sex chromosomes from wild-caught adults with limited genomic resources. | we demonstrate a genotyping-by-sequencing approach to identify homomorphic sex chromosomes and their homolog in a distantly related reference genome, based on noninvasive sampling of wild-caught individuals, in the moor frog rana arvalis. double-digest radseq libraries were generated using buccal swabs from 30 males and 21 females from the same population. search for sex-limited markers from the unfiltered data set (411 446 rad tags) was more successful than searches from a filtered data set (33 ... | 2017 | 27790846 |
| analysis of fatty acid composition revealed differences in the diets of tadpoles of two amphibian species. | the study of the composition of fatty acid markers of tadpoles of cohabiting amphibian species for the first time revealed differences in their diets: the moor frog rana arvalis prefers bacteria not associated with plant detritus, whereas the diet of the common spadefoot pelobates fuscus is based on cyanobacteria, green algae, diatoms, and possibly higher plants. major differences in the fatty acid composition are determined by the difference in the percentage of eicosapentaenoic and myristic ac ... | 2017 | 28421438 |
| identification and characterization of major histocompatibility complex class iib alleles from three species of european ranid frogs. | immune genes of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) are among the most polymorphic genes in the vertebrate genome. due to their polymorphic nature, they are often used to assess the adaptive genetic variability of natural populations. this study describes the first molecular characterization of 13 partial mhc class iib sequences from three european ranid frogs. the utility of previously published primers was expanded by using them to successfully amplify eight exon 2 alleles from rana arv ... | 2014 | 27843985 |
| allozyme variation as a demographic predictor at high latitudes: the moor frog and the pool frog at 60 degrees n | allozyme variability was examined in relation to population size among sympatric moor frogs (rana arvalis) and pool frogs (r. lessonae) at a pond in east-central sweden (60 degrees n). average heterozygosity (h) and polymorphism level (p), respectively, were 0.099 and 0.33 in the moor frog (24 loci) and 0.0047 and 0.071 in the pool frog (28 loci). this marked difference in variability corresponded to a significant difference in the yearly numbers of reproducing individuals corrected for skewed s ... | 1999 | 10509141 |
| two dimensional mass mapping as a general method of data representation in comprehensive analysis of complex molecular mixtures. | a recent proteomics-grade (95%+ sequence reliability) high-throughput de novo sequencing method utilizes the benefits of high resolution, high mass accuracy, and the use of two complementary fragmentation techniques collision-activated dissociation (cad) and electron capture dissociation (ecd). with this high-fidelity sequencing approach, hundreds of peptides can be sequenced de novo in a single lc-ms/ms experiment. the high productivity of the new analysis technique has revealed a new bottlenec ... | 2009 | 19382811 |
| oxidation versus carboxamidomethylation of s-s bond in ranid frog peptides: pro and contra for de novo maldi-ms sequencing. | five natural peptides isolated from ranid skin secretions of european frog species of rana ridibunda and rana arvalis (molecular masses 3516, 2674, 2636, 1874, and 1810 da) were studied by maldi-tof/tof to compare two procedures of disulfide bond cleavage: (1) performic oxidation and (2) reduction/carboxamidomethylation. the processes are relevant for the elucidation of the amino acid sequence inside the seven-member cystine ring at the c-terminus. the results clearly demonstrated that oxidation ... | 2008 | 18280749 |
| electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry sequencing of novel skin peptides from ranid frogs containing disulfide bridges. | tandem mass spectrometry sequencing, as well as edman sequencing of peptides belonging to the rana genus, represents a difficult task due to the presence of a disulfide bridge at the c-terminus and their rather high molecular masses (over 2000 da). the present study throws light upon the sequence of three rather long peptides (more than 20 amino acid residues each) isolated from the skin secretion of russian frogs, rana ridibunda and rana arvalis. this novel aspect involves the fact that the seq ... | 2007 | 17881782 |
| drift, selection, or migration? processes affecting genetic differentiation and variation along a latitudinal gradient in an amphibian. | past events like fluctuations in population size and post-glacial colonization processes may influence the relative importance of genetic drift, migration and selection when determining the present day patterns of genetic variation. we disentangle how drift, selection and migration shape neutral and adaptive genetic variation in 12 moor frog populations along a 1700 km latitudinal gradient. we studied genetic differentiation and variation at a mhc exon ii locus and a set of 18 microsatellites. | 2017 | 28806900 |
| transgenerational effects and impact of compensatory responses to changes in breeding phenology on antipredator defenses. | as organisms living in temperate environments often have only a short time window for growth and reproduction, their life-history strategies are expected to be influenced by these time constraints. parents may alter the pace of offspring life-history as a response to changes in breeding phenology. however, the responses to changes in time constraints must be balanced with those against other stressors, such as predation, one of the strongest and more ubiquitous selective factors in nature. here, ... | 2016 | 27859081 |
| intraspecific priority effects modify compensatory responses to changes in hatching phenology in an amphibian. | in seasonal environments, modifications in the phenology of life-history events can alter the strength of time constraints experienced by organisms. offspring can compensate for a change in timing of hatching by modifying their growth and development trajectories. however, intra- and interspecific interactions may affect these compensatory responses, in particular if differences in phenology between cohorts lead to significant priority effects (i.e. the competitive advantage that early-hatching ... | 2017 | 27779740 |
| molecular phenotyping of maternally mediated parallel adaptive divergence within rana arvalis and rana temporaria. | when similar selection acts on the same traits in multiple species or populations, parallel evolution can result in similar phenotypic changes, yet the underlying molecular architecture of parallel phenotypic divergence can be variable. maternal effects can influence evolution at ecological timescales and facilitate local adaptation, but their contribution to parallel adaptive divergence is unclear. in this study, we (i) tested for variation in embryonic acid tolerance in a common garden experim ... | 2016 | 27482650 |
| acid stress mediated adaptive divergence in ion channel function during embryogenesis in rana arvalis. | ion channels and pumps are responsible for ion flux in cells, and are key mechanisms mediating cellular function. many environmental stressors, such as salinity and acidification, are known to severely disrupt ionic balance of organisms thereby challenging fitness of natural populations. although ion channels can have several vital functions during early life-stages (e.g. embryogenesis), it is currently not known i) how developing embryos maintain proper intracellular conditions when exposed to ... | 2015 | 26381453 |
| local divergence of thermal reaction norms among amphibian populations is affected by pond temperature variation. | although temperature variation is known to cause large-scale adaptive divergence, its potential role as a selective factor over microgeographic scales is less well-understood. here, we investigated how variation in breeding pond temperature affects divergence in multiple physiological (thermal performance curve and critical thermal maximum [ctmax]) and life-history (thermal developmental reaction norms) traits in a network of rana arvalis populations. the results supported adaptive responses to ... | 2015 | 26118477 |
| mechanistic basis of adaptive maternal effects: egg jelly water balance mediates embryonic adaptation to acidity in rana arvalis. | environmental stress, such as acidification, can challenge persistence of natural populations and act as a powerful evolutionary force at ecological time scales. the ecological and evolutionary responses of natural populations to environmental stress at early life-stages are often mediated via maternal effects. during early life-stages, maternal effects commonly arise from egg coats (the extracellular structures surrounding the embryo), but the role of egg coats has rarely been studied in the co ... | 2015 | 25983113 |
| multifarious selection through environmental change: acidity and predator-mediated adaptive divergence in the moor frog (rana arvalis). | environmental change can simultaneously cause abiotic stress and alter biological communities, yet adaptation of natural populations to co-changing environmental factors is poorly understood. we studied adaptation to acid and predator stress in six moor frog (rana arvalis) populations along an acidification gradient, where abundance of invertebrate predators increases with increasing acidity of r. arvalis breeding ponds. first, we quantified divergence among the populations in anti-predator trai ... | 2014 | 24552840 |
| [crucial stages of embryogenesis of rana arvalis: part 3. modularity or developmental integrity]. | static analysis of the morphometry of larvae of the postembryonic stages of development of rana arvalis made it possible to estimate the extent and nature of correlations between developing structures. considering a correlation as a manifestation of multiple physiological interactions between developing structures, we showed that the most likely scenario is the development of larval structures as a holistic process that is accompanied by an increase in the proportion of minor correlative interac ... | 2014 | 25434205 |
| fine-grained adaptive divergence in an amphibian: genetic basis of phenotypic divergence and the role of nonrandom gene flow in restricting effective migration among wetlands. | adaptive ecological differentiation among sympatric populations is promoted by environmental heterogeneity, strong local selection and restricted gene flow. high gene flow, on the other hand, is expected to homogenize genetic variation among populations and therefore prevent local adaptation. understanding how local adaptation can persist at the spatial scale at which gene flow occurs has remained an elusive goal, especially for wild vertebrate populations. here, we explore the roles of natural ... | 2013 | 23294180 |
| don't get the blues: conspicuous nuptial colouration of male moor frogs (rana arvalis) supports visual mate recognition during scramble competition in large breeding aggregations. | conspicuous male colouration is expected to have evolved primarily through selection by female choice. in what way conspicuous colours could be advantageous to males scrambling for mates remains largely unknown. the moor frog (rana arvalis) belongs to the so-called explosive breeders in which spawning period is short; intrasexual competition is strong, and males actively search and scramble for females. during breeding, male body colouration changes from a dull brown (similar to females) to a co ... | 2012 | 23162205 |
| [crucial stages of embryogenesis of rana arvalis: part 2. development of head structures]. | analysis of the dynamics of variation in developing head structures of moor frog (r. arvalis) tadpoles has made it possible to reveal periods in which the limits of variation in relevant traits are narrowed. in the course of individual development, these so-called crucial periods for certain traits are followed by such periods for other traits. however, crucial stages for some head structures have not been revealed, which can be explained by a relatively short period of development considered in ... | 2012 | 22834134 |
| the quantitative genetic basis of adaptive divergence in the moor frog (rana arvalis) and its implications for gene flow. | knowledge on the relative contribution of direct genetic, maternal and environmental effects to adaptive divergence is important for understanding the drivers of biological diversification. the moor frog (rana arvalis) shows adaptive divergence in embryonic and larval fitness traits along an acidification gradient in south-western sweden. to understand the quantitative genetic basis of this divergence, we performed reciprocal crosses between three divergent population pairs and reared embryos an ... | 2012 | 22686568 |
| adaptive divergence in moor frog (rana arvalis) populations along an acidification gradient: inferences from q(st) -f(st) correlations. | microevolutionary responses to spatial variation in the environment seem ubiquitous, but the relative role of selection and neutral processes in driving phenotypic diversification remain often unknown. the moor frog (rana arvalis) shows strong phenotypic divergence along an acidification gradient in sweden. we here used correlations among population pairwise estimates of quantitative trait (p(st) or q(st) from common garden estimates of embryonic acid tolerance and larval life-history traits) an ... | 2012 | 22380445 |
| adaptive divergence of the moor frog (rana arvalis) along an acidification gradient. | environmental stress can result in strong ecological and evolutionary effects on natural populations, but to what extent it drives adaptive divergence of natural populations is little explored. we used common garden experiments to study adaptive divergence in embryonic and larval fitness traits (embryonic survival, larval growth, and age and size at metamorphosis) in eight moor frog, rana arvalis, populations inhabiting an acidification gradient (breeding pond ph 4.0 to 7.5) in southwestern swed ... | 2011 | 22182445 |
| [crucial stages of embryogenesis of r. arvalis: part 1. linear measurements of embryonic structures]. | investigations of individual variability have allowed us to reveal the crucial (= nodal) stages in embryogenesis of the moor frog (rana arvalis nills.). these crucial stages are: the late gastrula stage (stages 18-20), the hatching stages (stages 32-33) and, apparently, early metamorphosis (stage 39). moreover, we have found that each embryonic structure passes through its specific crucial stages. for example, stage 34 is crucial for the trait "tail width" but is internodal for all other embryon ... | 2011 | 22145306 |
| the role of trematode infestation in the specifics of skeleton morphogenesis of rana arvalis nilsson, 1842. | | 2016 | 22134813 |
| conserving adaptive genetic diversity in dynamic landscapes. | genetic variation supplies the raw material for adaptation, evolution and survival of populations and has therefore been a key focus of conservation biology ever since its foundation (soulé 1985). in previous decades, the neutral component of genetic diversity (generated by mutation and shaped by drift) has been the subject of intense scientific research, fuelled by the increasing availability of molecular markers. on the other hand, the adaptive component of genetic diversity, which is shaped b ... | 2011 | 21612020 |
| genetic analysis of differentiation among breeding ponds reveals a candidate gene for local adaptation in rana arvalis. | one of the main questions in evolutionary and conservation biology is how geographical and environmental features of the landscape shape neutral and adaptive genetic variation in natural populations. the identification of genomic polymorphisms that account for adaptive variation can aid in finding candidate loci for local adaptation. consequently, a comparison of spatial patterns in neutral markers and loci under selection may help disentangle the effects of gene flow, genetic drift and selectio ... | 2011 | 21332585 |
| [characteristics of the genetic structure of parasite and host populations by the example of helminthes from moor frog rana arvalis nilsson]. | the genetic structure of populations of four helminth species from moor frog rana arvalis, in comparison with the population-genetic structure of the host, has been studied with the gel-electrophoresis method. as compared with the host, parasites are characterized by more distinct deviation from the balance of genotypic frequencies and higher level of interpopulation genetic differences. the genetic variability indices in the three of four frog helminthes examined are lower than those in the hos ... | 2011 | 21309144 |
| female choice for males with greater fertilization success in the swedish moor frog, rana arvalis. | studies of mate choice in anuran amphibians have shown female preference for a wide range of male traits despite females gaining no direct resources from males (i.e. non-resource based mating system). nevertheless, theoretical and empirical studies have shown that females may still gain indirect genetic benefits from choosing males of higher genetic quality and thereby increase their reproductive success. | 2010 | 21049015 |
| [geographic variation of sexual dimorphism in the moor frog (rana arvalis) as a result of differences in reproductive strategies]. | several local populations of the moor frog (rana arvalis) from the southern part of the range (the ukraine) were compared by size and age composition and morphological characters in males and females with one of the populations from moscow region (zvenigorod biological station-zbs). in spite of close geographical location of the ukrainian populations (not more than 40 km), they differ significantly both in mean body size and age. at that, mean value of these parameters turned out to be lower tha ... | 2010 | 20865933 |
| microsatellite variation and population structure of the moor frog (rana arvalis) in scandinavia. | several recent studies have found amphibian populations to be genetically highly structured over rather short geographical distances, and that the rate of genetically effective dispersal may differ between the sexes. however, apart from the common frog (rana temporaria) little is known about the genetic structuring and sex-biased dispersal in northern european amphibians. we investigated the patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation within and among scandinavian populations of the moor f ... | 2009 | 19538347 |
| freeze tolerance evolution among anurans: frequency and timing of appearance. | despite numerous mechanistic studies on physiological responses supporting freeze tolerance in anurans, few have addressed the evolutionary significance of this trait. we thus investigated the phylogenetic relationships among anuran species whose freeze tolerance has been assessed and in combination with new data on freezing tolerance of two closely related species of the european brown frogs (rana temporaria and rana dalmatina). the species we studied exhibited short survival times in frozen st ... | 2009 | 19444965 |
| pre-hatching exposure to water mold reduces size at metamorphosis in the moor frog. | developmental plasticity is increasingly recognized as important for ecological and evolutionary processes. however, few studies consider the potential for delayed effects of early environments. here, we show that tadpoles hatching from clutches exposed to water mold (saprolegnia) have 20% decreased mass at metamorphosis, despite no further exposure subsequent to hatching. the effects were consistent across four populations that have previously been shown to vary in their resistance to infection ... | 2009 | 19189128 |
| geographic variation in maternal investment: acidity affects egg size and fecundity in rana arvalis. | environmental-stress-mediated geographic variation in reproductive parameters has been little studied in natural vertebrate populations outside the context of climatic variation. based on life-history theory, an increase in the degree of environmental stress experienced by a population should lead to (1) a shift in reproductive allocation from fecundity to offspring quality, (2) stronger trade-offs between reproductive parameters, and (3) changes in the relationship between female phenotype and ... | 2008 | 18831176 |
| the postglacial recolonization of northern europe by rana arvalis as revealed by microsatellite and mitochondrial dna analyses. | the postglacial history of the moor frog (rana arvalis) in northern europe was investigated with the aid of eight variable microsatellite loci and a 661 bp sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. a division between eastern and western mitochondrial lineages was discovered, supporting two recolonization routes to fennoscandia since the last glacial maximum. this result was corroborated by the microsatellite data, which revealed a contact zone between the two lineages in northern sweden. ... | 2009 | 18827835 |
| survival and metabolism of rana arvalis during freezing. | freeze tolerance and changes in metabolism during freezing were investigated in the moor frog (rana arvalis) under laboratory conditions. the data show for the first time a well-developed freeze tolerance in juveniles of a european frog capable of surviving a freezing exposure of about 72 h with a final body temperature of -3 degrees c. a biochemical analysis showed an increase in liver and muscle glucose in response to freezing (respectively, 14-fold and 4-fold between 4 and -1 degrees c). lact ... | 2009 | 18815794 |
| [geographic variation as a result of evolution of the traits with broad and narrow norms of reaction in the moor frog (rana arvalis)]. | females reproductive, size, and age characteristics were studied in isolated local populations of rana arvalis in the southern and northern parts of its range. the yearlings of the southern populations used to get larger by their first overwintering due to earlier beginning of the breeding season, as compared with the yearlings of the northern population. as a result, "southern" females become sexually mature at the age of two years while the "northern" ones become mature at the age of three yea ... | 2010 | 18409399 |
| a genetic component of resistance to fungal infection in frog embryos. | the embryo has traditionally been considered to completely rely upon parental strategies to prevent threats to survival posed by predators and pathogens, such as fungi. however, recent evidence suggests that embryos may have hitherto neglected abilities to counter pathogens. using artificial fertilization, we show that among-family variation in the number of saprolegnia-infected eggs and embryos in the moor frog, rana arvalis, cannot be explained by maternal effects. however, analysed as a withi ... | 2008 | 18319211 |
| tadpoles of the grass frog (rana temporaria) and moor frog (rana arvalis) avoid zones with elevated ammonia concentration. | | 2017 | 17425039 |
| environmental stress increases skeletal fluctuating asymmetry in the moor frog rana arvalis. | whether fluctuating asymmetry (fa) provides a useful metric indicator of the degree of environmental stress experienced by populations is still a contentious issue. we investigated whether the degree of fa in skeletal elements is useful in elucidating the degree of environmental stress experienced by frog populations, and further, tested the proposition that a trait's sensitivity to stress--as reflected in the degree of fa--is related to the degree of directional selection experienced by the giv ... | 2007 | 17136394 |
| population divergence in growth rate and antipredator defences in rana arvalis. | growth and development rates often differ among populations of the same species, yet the factors maintaining this differentiation are not well understood. we investigated the antipredator defences and their efficiency in two moor frog rana arvalis populations differing in growth and development rates by raising tadpoles in outdoor containers in the nonlethal presence and absence of three different predators (newt, fish, dragonfly larva), and by estimating tadpole survival in the presence of free ... | 2006 | 16323018 |
| maternal investment in egg size: environment- and population-specific effects on offspring performance. | geographic variation in maternal investment in offspring size can be adaptive if differences in investment translate into improved offspring performance in the given environments. we compared two moor frog, rana arvalis, populations in the laboratory to test the hypothesis that investment in large eggs in populations originating from stressful (acid) environments improves offspring performance when reared in stressful (acid) conditions. we found that large initial size (hatchling mass) had moder ... | 2005 | 15688215 |
| mitochondrial phylogeography of the moor frog, rana arvalis. | the moor frog rana arvalis is a lowland species with a broad eurasiatic distribution, from arctic tundra through forest to the steppe zone. its present-day range suggests that glacial refugia of this frog were located outside southern european peninsulas. we studied the species-wide phylogeographical pattern using sequence variation in a 682 base pairs fragment of mtdna cytochrome b gene; 223 individuals from 73 localities were analysed. two main clades, a and b, differing by c. 3.6% sequence di ... | 2004 | 15140091 |
| sire coloration influences offspring survival under predation risk in the moorfrog. | when breeding, male moor frogs rana arvalis develop a bright blue dorsal coloration which varies in intensity between males. we tested whether this colour acts as a potential signal of a male's genetic quality to female moor frogs by artificially crossing pairs of males differing in the extent of the blue coloration to the same female. maternal half-sibships provide a powerful means to detect paternal genetic effects on offspring as they control for other potentially confounding variables. we as ... | 2003 | 14640420 |
| differences in susceptibility of various life stages of amphibians to pesticide exposure. | pesticide exposure is discussed as one of the adverse factor that causes impairment of amphibian larval development. susceptibility of tadpoles to pesticide exposure differs depending on the developmental stages at which individuals are contaminated. this study focused on the influence of the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin on the hatching success, mortality and deformities in further development, duration of metamorphosis, and growth of rana arvalis tadpoles exposed at various life stages. ... | 2003 | 13678851 |
| climatic oscillations triggered post-messinian speciation of western palearctic brown frogs (amphibia, ranidae). | oscillating glacial cycles over the past 2.4 million years are proposed to have had a major impact on the diversity of contemporary species communities. we used mitochondrial and nuclear dna sequence data to infer phylogenetic relationships within western palearctic brown frogs and to test the influence of pliocene and pleistocene climatic changes on their evolution. we sequenced 1976bp of the mitochondrial genes 16s rrna and cytochrome b and of the nuclear rhodopsin gene for all current species ... | 2003 | 12565039 |
| predator-induced plasticity in early life history and morphology in two anuran amphibians. | predation pressure during early life stages is often high, but few studies have examined antipredator responses at these stages. we studied the effects of an egg predator (leech, haemopis sanguisuga) and two tadpole predators (dragonfly larvae, aeshna spp.; and threespine stickleback, gasterosteus aculeatus) on the timing of hatching and morphology of hatchlings and young tadpoles in two anuran amphibians [rana arvalis (ra) and r. temporaria (rt)] in a factorial laboratory experiment. we also co ... | 2002 | 28547638 |
| genetic similarity as a measure for connectivity between fragmented populations of the moor frog (rana arvalis). | genetic differentiation among populations of the moor frog (rana arvalis) was tested on a spatial scale where some dispersal between populations is expected to occur, in a landscape in the netherlands that has become fragmented fairly recently, in the 1930s. five microsatellite loci were used, with 2-8 alleles per locus. fis was 0.049 across loci, and most populations were in hw equilibrium. the degree of population subdivision was low (fst=0.052). a significant positive correlation between gene ... | 2001 | 11554976 |
| genetic differentiation among northern and southern populations of the moor frog rana arvalis nilsson in central europe. | starch gel electrophoresis and morphometric characters were used to assess the geographical variation between 14 populations of the moor frog, rana arvalis, from northern and southern areas in central europe. six of the 13 screened allozyme loci were polymorphic (95% criterion). no fixed differences in allele composition between the two regions were found. some of the alleles were region specific. genetic variability as measured by expected heterozygosity (he) and number of alleles per locus was ... | 2000 | 10849087 |
| [the sensitivity of the moor frog rana arvalis nilss. tadpoles to natural l-amino acids and its alteration in ontogeny]. | the rana arvalis tadpoles at 27-40 stages responded to solution of some l-amino acids in concentration 10(-2) mol/l with feeding reactions. the range of perceptible amino acids increased during development from 10 to 16. the best feeding stimuli were aspartic and glutamic acids; amino-acids (proline and oxyproline), methionine, leucine and isoleucine did not evoke the significant reactions. the sensitivity to some amino acids (alanine, glutamine, lysine, ornithine, proline and valine) was 10(-5) ... | 2008 | 10778393 |
| acquisition of species-specific o-linked carbohydrate chains from oviducal mucins in rana arvalis. a case study. | the extracellular matrix surrounding amphibian eggs is composed of mucin-type glycoproteins, highly o-glycosylated and plays an important role in the fertilization process. oligosaccharide-alditols were released from the oviducal mucins of the anuran rana arvalis by alkali-borohydride treatment in reduced conditions. neutral and acidic oligosaccharides were fractionated by ion-exchange chromatographies and purified by hplc. each compound was identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionizat ... | 1999 | 10561577 |
| plasticity or fixed adaptive traits? strategies for predation avoidance in rana arvalis tadpoles. | tadpoles of rana arvalis originating from seven island populations were tested for responses to non-lethal predator presence. in general, tadpole growth was reduced and the relative tail depth was increased at predator presence. there was no effect of predator presence on the predicted size at metamorphosis. the differentiation rate, translating as length of the larval period, was lower at predator presence, but this seems to be merely an effect of the reduced growth. although populations differ ... | 1998 | 28308477 |
| [the correlation of the ecological niches of the common (rana temporaria l.) and of the moor (rana arvalis nilss.) frogs (anura, amphibia)]. | during 25 years ecology and population dynamic of two brown frog species (rana temporaria and r. arvalis) were studied in moscow region, solovki island and south ural. we compared life cycles characteristics, namely biotope preferences, diet, migration, enemies, hibernation places using own and available literature data. then we analyse how these parameters are changed among the species area and ecological niches were compared. we found that these two species do not compete in any stage of life ... | 2006 | 9703767 |
| cell composition and co-stored peptides in the endocrine pancreas of rana arvalis. | the endocrine pancreas of rana arvalis studied by immunochemistry consisted of islets and diffuse endocrine cells. the islets showed a mammalian-like arrangement with a central core of b cells and a peripheral mantle of a/pp cells. a few d and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide cells were also present. consecutive sections or double-labeling studies allowed us to detect several regulatory peptides colocalized in the same endocrine cells. the so-called a/pp cells contained subpopulations of cells ... | 1995 | 7612958 |
| improvement of breeding success of the moor frog (rana arvalis) by liming of acid moorland pools and the consequences of liming for water chemistry and diatoms. | liming experiments with powdered limestone (grain size < 3 mm) were conducted in eight acid shallow moorland pools in the tongerense heide heathland area from february 1988 until november 1989. the effects on water chemistry, diatoms and fungal infection of the eggs of the moor frog were studied. after an initial treatment in march 1988, the ph increased from c. 4.0 to c. 5.0 in those pools which dried out in summer and to c. 6.0 in the permanent pools. alkalinity increased from 0 to 20-200 micr ... | 1992 | 15091943 |
| [the polarization of neuroepithelial cells when a portion of the neural plate is inserted into the neural tube cavity in amphibian embryos]. | portions of homologous neuroepithelium of various length were introduced into the neural tube cavity in rana arvalis and pleurodeles waltlii late neurula. the neural tube in r. arvalis was destroyed independently of the transplant length. in p. waltlii neural primordia were deformed if a large transplant prevented closing of the neural tube. redundant increase in the host cells length (polarization) was observed during the small transplant-induced retardation of neurulation. recipient cells elon ... | 2008 | 2395591 |
| acid-shock, aluminium, and presence of sphagnum aurantiacum: effects on embryological development in the common frog, rana temporaria and the moor frog, rana arvalis. | | 1987 | 3496932 |
| leukotrienes and related eicosanoids are produced by frog leukocytes. | the metabolites of inflammatory cells produced by massive infection of the peritoneal cavity of two related european species of frogs, rana temporaria and rana arvalis were examined for lipoxygenase-generated products of exogenous arachidonic acid. cells of rana temporaria produced large amounts of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and leukotriene b4. cells from rana arvalis produced only 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. this is the first unequivocal demonstration of such enzyme activity in lower v ... | 1987 | 3028410 |
| [compensatory acceleration of the functional maturation of the melatonin-secreting structures in rana arvalis tadpoles]. | | 2013 | 6485549 |
| influence of thyroxine and its precursors on in vitro lysis of tadpole tail. | exposure of rana arvalis tail tips to thyroxine and its precursors in vitro stimulated the tail regression. the effect of thyroxine and triiodothyronine was more intense. however, diiodo- and monoiodotyrosine also could significantly stimulate the tail lysis. | 1984 | 6539211 |
| effect of sympathomimetic substances and analogues on tail absorption of frog larva. | similarly to the effect of t3, the tail absorption of frog larvae (rana arvalis) was stimulated in vitro by the sympathomimetic agents adrenaline, isoproterenol, ephedrine and the adrenaline analogue mmt. the effect of t3 administration was not inhibited by adrenaline, isoproterenol and mmt, but it was by ephedrine and t3 pretreatment. the adrenaline and isoproterenol effect manifested itself after early administration, but not after late and while ephedrine and mmt were effective at long-term a ... | 1981 | 6277113 |
| effect of litoralon (gamma-l-glutamyl-taurine) on the tail involution of tadpoles in vitro. | litoralon (gamma-l-glutamyl-taurine), a newly discovered hormone of the parathyroid increases the involution of the explanted tail tip of rana arvalis tadpoles in vitro, while it antagonizes significantly the similar effect of triiodothyronine. this finding, in accordance with the results of earlier in vivo experiments, implies a direct effect of litoralon on the target tissues. | 1980 | 7428713 |
| [regulatory properties of "lyophilized aqueous environment" obtained from a "concentration" population of rana arvalis tadpoles]. | | 1976 | 1022307 |
| [population mechanisms of maintenance of the genetic composition in a population of rana arvalis nills]. | | 2010 | 1132289 |
| the dimensions of the mucosa and the structure of the alimentary canal in rana temporaria l. and rana arvalis nilss. | | 1975 | 1079744 |
| effects of host species and environmental factors on the prevalence of batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in northern europe. | the fungal pathogen batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (bd) poses a major threat to amphibian populations. to assist efforts to address such threats, we examined differences in bd host infection prevalence among amphibian species and its relations to both local environmental factors in breeding habitats and landscape variables measured at three scales (500, 2000 and 5000 m radii) around breeding sites in southernmost sweden. we sampled 947 anurans of six species in 31 ponds and assessed their infect ... | 2018 | 30359384 |
| urban environment and reservoir host species are associated with batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection prevalence in the common toad. | human-induced changes of the environment, including landscape alteration and habitat loss, may affect wildlife disease dynamics and have important ramifications for wildlife conservation. amphibians are among the vertebrate taxa most threatened by anthropogenic habitat change. the emerging fungal pathogen batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (bd) has caused extinctions and population declines in hundreds of anuran species globally. we studied how the urban landscape is associated with the prevalence o ... | 2019 | 32132271 |
| effect-based environmental monitoring for thyroid disruption in swedish amphibian tadpoles. | it is well-known that the metamorphosis process in amphibians is dependent on thyroid hormones. laboratory studies have shown that several environmental contaminants can affect the function of thyroid hormones leading to alterations in the amphibian metamorphosis. the basic idea of the present study was to elucidate if the amphibian metamorphosis might be a useful tool as biomarker for effect-based environmental monitoring, examining wild tadpoles for potential thyroid hormone disruption. a labo ... | 2019 | 31222463 |
| development and evaluation of gene expression biomarkers for chemical pollution in common frog (rana temporaria) tadpoles. | pollutants have been proposed as one factor in the worldwide declines of amphibian species and populations. applying gene expression analysis of liver rna in tadpoles would be a possible approach for biomarker measurements to increase knowledge of ecological health in amphibian populations. the major aim of this study was to explore the relevance of applying gene expression analyses of cytochrome p450 (cyp1a), metallothionein (mt), and vitellogenin (vtg) in rana temporaria tadpoles. therefore, t ... | 2018 | 30251045 |
| small-scale population divergence is driven by local larval environment in a temperate amphibian. | genomic variation within and among populations is shaped by the interplay between natural selection and the effects of genetic drift and gene flow. adaptive divergence can be found in small-scale natural systems even when population sizes are small, and the potential for gene flow is high, suggesting that local environments exert selection pressures strong enough to counteract the opposing effects of drift and gene flow. here, we investigated genomic differentiation in nine moor frog (rana arval ... | 2020 | 32958927 |
| antimicrobial peptide and sequence variation along a latitudinal gradient in two anurans. | while there is evidence of both purifying and balancing selection in immune defense genes, large-scale genetic diversity in antimicrobial peptides (amps), an important part of the innate immune system released from dermal glands in the skin, has remained uninvestigated. here we describe genetic diversity at three amp loci (temporin, brevinin and palustrin) in two ranid frogs (rana arvalis and r. temporaria) along a 2000 km latitudinal gradient. we amplified and sequenced part of the acidic propi ... | 2020 | 32228443 |
| latitudinal divergence in a widespread amphibian: contrasting patterns of neutral and adaptive genomic variation. | stochastic effects from demographic processes and selection are expected to shape the distribution of genetic variation in spatially heterogeneous environments. as the amount of genetic variation is central for long-term persistence of populations, understanding how these processes affect variation over large-scale geographical gradients is pivotal. we investigated the distribution of neutral and putatively adaptive genetic variation, and reconstructed demographic history in the moor frog (rana ... | 2019 | 31134695 |
| genetic basis of amphibian larval development along a latitudinal gradient: gene diversity, selection and links with phenotypic variation in transcription factor c/ebp-1. | ectotherm development rates often show adaptive divergence along climatic gradients, but the genetic basis for this variation is rarely studied. here, we investigated the genetic basis for phenotypic variation in larval development in the moor frog rana arvalis from five regions along a latitudinal gradient from germany to northern sweden. we focused on the c/ebp-1 gene, a transcription factor associated with larval development time. allele frequencies at c/ebp-1 varied strongly among geographic ... | 2019 | 31067349 |
| post-glacial colonization routes coincide with a life-history breakpoint along a latitudinal gradient. | although adaptive divergence along environmental gradients has repeatedly been demonstrated, the role of post-glacial colonization routes in determining phenotypic variation along gradients has received little attention. here, we used a hierarchical qst -fst approach to separate the roles of adaptive and neutral processes in shaping phenotypic variation in moor frog (rana arvalis) larval life histories along a 1,700 km latitudinal gradient across northern europe. this species has colonized scand ... | 2019 | 30703260 |
| membrane-active antimicrobial peptide identified in rana arvalis by targeted dna sequencing. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are naturally produced, gene encoded molecules with a direct antimicrobial activity against pathogens, often also showing other immune-related properties. anuran skin secretions are rich in bioactive peptides, including amps, and we have reported a novel targeted sequencing approach to identify novel amps simultaneously in different frog species, from small quantities of skin tissue. over a hundred full-length peptides were identified from specimens belonging to fiv ... | 2019 | 30578771 |
| de novo oviduct transcriptome of the moor frog rana arvalis: a quest for maternal effect candidate genes. | maternal effects can substantially affect ecological and evolutionary processes in natural populations. however, as they often are environmentally induced, establishing their genetic basis is challenging. one important, but largely neglected, source of maternal effects are egg coats (i.e., the maternally derived extracellular matrix that surrounds the embryo). in the moor frog, the gelatinous egg coats (i.e., egg jelly) are produced in the mother's oviduct and consist primarily of highly glycosy ... | 2018 | 30128207 |