| immunohistochemical localization of insulin-like growth factor i and ii in the endocrine pancreas of birds, reptiles, and amphibia. | immunoreactive insulin-like growth factors i and ii (igf-i, igf-ii) were sought in the endocrine pancreas of representative birds, reptiles, and amphibia using antisera specific for mammalian igf-i and igf-ii and the classical islet hormones insulin (ins), glucagon (gluc), somatostatin (som), and pancreatic polypeptide (pp) in double immunofluorescence. both igf-i and igf-ii immunoreactivities were present in the endocrine pancreas of all species. igf-ii immunoreactivity was exclusively found in ... | 1995 | 8775065 |
| skinks (reptilia: scincidae) have highly conserved karyotypes as revealed by chromosome painting. | skinks represent the most diversified squamate reptiles with a great variation in body size and form, and are found worldwide in a variety of habitats. their remarkable diversification has been accompanied by only a few chromosome rearrangements, resulting in highly-conservative chromosomal complements of these lizards. in this study cross-species chromosome painting using scincus scincus (2n = 32) as the source genome, was used to detect the chromosomal rearrangements and homologies between the ... | 2010 | 20215726 |
| effect of splenectomy on the humoral immune response in the lizard, scincus scincus. | adult splenectomy in the lizard, scincus scincus, did not affect humoral immune response to rat erythrocytes until 30 days post-immunization, but severely depressed subsequent antibody production. | 1979 | 477833 |
| choleoeimeria riyadhae sp.n. (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from the lizard, scincus scincus (sauria: scincidae) in saudi arabia. | choleoeimeria riyadhae species new was described from the gall bladder of the lizard, scincus scincus (sauria: scincidae) collected from east of riyadh city, central region. sporulated oocysts are broadly ellipsoid, 36.8 x 30.5 (33.4-39.1 x 28.7-32.5) microm, with a smooth, brownish-yellow bilayered wall; the shape index (l/w) is 1.21 (1.19-1.23) microm. micropyle, polar granule and oocyst residuum are absent. sporocysts are elongate-ellipsoid, 14.8 x 9.1 (13.7-15.5 x 8.1-10.4) microm with shape ... | 2010 | 20503595 |
| comparative study of the visual system of two psammophilic lizards (scincus scincus &eumeces schneideri). | sand deserts are common biotopes on the earth's surface. some specialized vertebrate species have colonized these ecological habitats by living buried in the sand. among these so called psammophilic species are the scincidae sand dune living species scincus scincus and eumeces schneideri. these two skinks share a relatively similar behavioral ecology by living buried in sand, almost all the time for s. scincus and at least for some part of the day for e. schneideri. the visual system of these tw ... | 2020 | 32360540 |
| characterization of the microscopic tribological properties of sandfish (scincus scincus) scales by atomic force microscopy. | lizards of the genus scincus are widely known under the common name sandfish due to their ability to swim in loose, aeolian sand. some studies report that this fascinating property of sandfish is accompanied by unique tribological properties of their skin such as ultra-low adhesion, friction and wear. the majority of these reports, however, is based on experiments conducted with a non-standard granular tribometer. here, we characterise microscopic adhesion, friction and wear of single sandfish s ... | 2018 | 30416912 |
| morphological study of the integument and corporal skeletal muscles of two psammophilous members of scincidae (scincus scincus and eumeces schneideri). | sand deserts are common biotopes on the earth's surface. numerous morphological and physiological adaptations have appeared to cope with the peculiar conditions imposed by sandy substrates, such as abrasion, mechanical resistance and the potential low oxygen levels. the psammophilous scincids (lepidosauria) scincus scincus and eumeces schneideri are among those. s. scincus is a species frequently used to study displacement inside a sandy substrate. e. schneideri is a species phylogenetically clo ... | 2020 | 33165963 |
| ultrastructural differentiation of spermiogenesis in scincus scincus (scincidae, reptilia). | knowledge of spermiogenesis in reptiles, especially in lizards, is very limited. lizards found in arabian deserts have not been considered for detailed studies due to many reasons and the paucity of these animals. therefore, we designed a study on the differentiation and morphogenesis of spermiogenesis, at an ultrastructural level, in a rare lizard species, scincus scincus. | 2017 | 30294239 |
| a radioautographic study of retinal projections in type i and type ii lizards. | the retinofugal projections of 5 species (acanthodactylus boskianus, scincus scincus, tarentola mauritanica, uromastix acanthinurus and zonosaurus ornatus) belonging to 5 different families of type i and type ii lizards have been examined by means of the radioautographic method. in the 5 species the retinal ganglion cells project to the contralateral hypothalamus (nucleus suprachiasmaticus), thalamus (nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars ventralis, nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars dorsalis), pre ... | 1978 | 638743 |
| [efferent projections of "classical" peptidergic neurons of the neurosecretory system of the telencephalon in reptiles (scincus scincus l. and chalcides ocellatus forskal; lacertilia, squamata]. | in both species of lacertilian reptiles investigated, the peptidergic hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nucleus project with efferents to the telencephalon, to caudal parts of the brain, and to the spinal cord. the marked system of efferents of the "classic" peptidergic neurosecretory nuclei to the telencephalon was mapped. the unlabeled peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical procedure revealed at the light microscopical level neurophysin- respectively mesotocin- or vasotocin-con ... | 1990 | 2358664 |
| microstructure of scales in selected lizard species. | in the present study, it was hypothesized that micromorphology of the surface of many lizard scales appears to mimic the topography of the habitat in which they live. many authors have suggested that the microstructure of the superficial surface of scales have undergone important adaptations and have functional value in lizards. in this study, we investigated the variation and adaptation of the micromorphology and microstructure of the superficial surface of the dorsal and ventral scales from th ... | 2019 | 30622416 |
| undulatory swimming in sand: subsurface locomotion of the sandfish lizard. | the desert-dwelling sandfish (scincus scincus) moves within dry sand, a material that displays solid and fluidlike behavior. high-speed x-ray imaging shows that below the surface, the lizard no longer uses limbs for propulsion but generates thrust to overcome drag by propagating an undulatory traveling wave down the body. although viscous hydrodynamics can predict swimming speed in fluids such as water, an equivalent theory for granular drag is not available. to predict sandfish swimming speed, ... | 2009 | 19608917 |
| mechanical models of sandfish locomotion reveal principles of high performance subsurface sand-swimming. | we integrate biological experiment, empirical theory, numerical simulation and a physical model to reveal principles of undulatory locomotion in granular media. high-speed x-ray imaging of the sandfish lizard, scincus scincus, in 3 mm glass particles shows that it swims within the medium without using its limbs by propagating a single-period travelling sinusoidal wave down its body, resulting in a wave efficiency, η, the ratio of its average forward speed to the wave speed, of approximately 0.5. ... | 2011 | 21378020 |
| environmental interaction influences muscle activation strategy during sand-swimming in the sandfish lizard scincus scincus. | animals like the sandfish lizard (scincus scincus) that live in desert sand locomote on and within a granular medium whose resistance to intrusion is dominated by frictional forces. recent kinematic studies revealed that the sandfish utilizes a wave of body undulation during swimming. models predict that a particular combination of wave amplitude and wavelength yields maximum speed for a given frequency, and experiments have suggested that the sandfish targets this kinematic waveform. to investi ... | 2013 | 23255193 |
| mechanics of undulatory swimming in a frictional fluid. | the sandfish lizard (scincus scincus) swims within granular media (sand) using axial body undulations to propel itself without the use of limbs. in previous work we predicted average swimming speed by developing a numerical simulation that incorporated experimentally measured biological kinematics into a multibody sandfish model. the model was coupled to an experimentally validated soft sphere discrete element method simulation of the granular medium. in this paper, we use the simulation to stud ... | 2012 | 23300407 |
| locomotor benefits of being a slender and slick sand swimmer. | squamates classified as 'subarenaceous' possess the ability to move long distances within dry sand; body elongation among sand and soil burrowers has been hypothesized to enhance subsurface performance. using x-ray imaging, we performed the first kinematic investigation of the subsurface locomotion of the long, slender shovel-nosed snake (chionactis occipitalis) and compared its biomechanics with those of the shorter, limbed sandfish lizard (scincus scincus). the sandfish was previously shown to ... | 2015 | 25524983 |
| adaptation to life in aeolian sand: how the sandfish lizard, scincus scincus, prevents sand particles from entering its lungs. | the sandfish lizard, scincus scincus (squamata: scincidae), spends nearly its whole life in aeolian sand and only comes to the surface for foraging, defecating and mating. it is not yet understood how the animal can respire without sand particles entering its respiratory organs when buried under thick layers of sand. in this work, we integrated biological studies, computational calculations and physical experiments to understand this phenomenon. we present a 3d model of the upper respiratory sys ... | 2016 | 27852763 |
| [qualitative and quantitative cytoarchitectural study on the basal areas of sauria scincidae: scincus scincus (l.). i. qualitative cytoarchitectural study]. | | 1971 | 5152862 |
| [qualitative and quantitative cytoarchitectonic studies on the cortical areas of the lizard: scincus scincus (l.) scincidae]. | | 1969 | 5363664 |
| investigating the locomotion of the sandfish in desert sand using nmr-imaging. | the sandfish (scincus scincus) is a lizard having the remarkable ability to move through desert sand for significant distances. it is well adapted to living in loose sand by virtue of a combination of morphological and behavioural specializations. we investigated the bodyform of the sandfish using 3d-laserscanning and explored its locomotion in loose desert sand using fast nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) imaging. the sandfish exhibits an in-plane meandering motion with a frequency of about 3 hz ... | 2008 | 18836551 |