| inclusion bodies containing adenovirus-like particles in the intestine of a psittacine bird affected by inclusion body hepatitis. | this paper reports a case of inclusion body hepatitis with intranuclear inclusion bodies in the liver and the intestine of a yellow-naped amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala). structurally, basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in hepatic cells and enterocytes. ultrastructurally, icosahedral adenovirus-like particles, 60-75 nm in diameter, were found in the same cells. | 1992 | 1318426 |
| encephalitozoonosis in a parrot. | encephalitozoon infection was diagnosed in a double yellow-headed amazon parrot, amazona ochrocephala. illness was characterized by respiratory distress, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and weight loss. this gram-positive organism was present in renal tubules, intestine, and lungs. ultrastructural features consisted of 5 polar filament coils and a single nucleus. organisms were contained within parasitophorous vacuoles in cytoplasm of the renal tubular epithelium. | 1985 | 3921504 |
| occurrence of velogenic viscerotropic newcastle disease in pet and exotic birds in 1991. | in 1991, velogenic viscerotropic newcastle disease (vvnd) was diagnosed in domestic psittacine birds in six states: illinois, indiana, michigan, texas, california, and nevada. in the first four states, the disease assumed outbreak proportions. the affected psittacine birds--yellow-headed amazon parrots (amazona ochrocephala oratrix), yellow-naped amazon parrots (amazona ochrocephala auropalliata), cockatiels (nymphicus hollandicus), and conures (unknown species)--exhibited respiratory and/or cen ... | 1993 | 8452504 |
| encephalitozoon hellem in two eclectus parrots (eclectus roratus): identification from archival tissues. | members of the phylum microspora are obligate, intracellular, single-celled parasites identified in a wide range of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. only a few cases of microsporidial infections have been documented in psittacine birds including peach-faced, masked, and fischer's lovebirds (agapornis roseicollis, a. personata, and a. fischeri, respectively), budgerigars (melopsittacus undulatus), and a double yellow-headed amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala). parasite identification has typic ... | 1998 | 9864855 |
| [detection of psittacid herpesvirus 1 in amazon parrots with cloacal papilloma (internal papillomatosis of parrots, ipp) in an aviary of different psittacine species]. | amazon parrots (amazona aestiva aestiva;amazona ochrocephala, n=6) from an aviary with different psittacine species (n=100) were submitted to the clinic for pet animals, reptiles, pet- and wild birds with the clinical picture ofa cloacal prolaps. the cloacal mucosa showed papillomas, and internal papillomatosis of parrots (ipp) was suspected. hepatomegaly was detected in the radiographs of the clinically diseased amazon parrots, indicating the involvement of the liver in the disease process. the ... | 2008 | 19113029 |
| branchial cysts in two amazon parrots (amazona species). | a 37-year-old yellow-crowned amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala) and a 20-year-old red-lored amazon parrot (amazona autumnalis) each presented with a large mass localized on the lateral neck. with the first bird, there was no evidence of signs of pain or discomfort, and the bird prehended and swallowed food normally. the second bird showed signs of mild upper-gastrointestinal discomfort. results of an ultrasound examination and aspiration of the mass on each bird revealed a cystic structure. a ... | 2010 | 20496605 |
| molecular detection and genotyping of chlamydia psittaci in captive psittacines from costa rica. | oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs from 117 captive psittacine birds presented at veterinary clinics (88) and from shelters/rescue centers of wildlife (29) were collected to determine the prevalence of c. psittaci in captive birds in costa rica. samples were collected during 2009 from a total of 19 different species of parrots, with ara macao (33), amazona autumnalis (24), amazona ochrocephala (21), and ara ararauna (8) being the most representative species sampled. c. psittaci was detected in four ... | 2013 | 24163776 |
| population genetic structure and vocal dialects in an amazon parrot. | the relationship between cultural and genetic evolution was examined in the yellow-naped amazon amazona auropalliata. this species has previously been shown to have regional dialects defined by large shifts in the acoustic structure of its learned contact call. mitochondrial dna sequence variation from a 680 base pair segment of the first domain of the control region was assayed in 41 samples collected from two neighbouring dialects in costa rica. the relationship of genetic variation to vocal v ... | 2001 | 11297178 |
| t-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a double yellow-headed amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala oratrix). | an adult, male double yellow-headed amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala oratrix) was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia based on results of a complete blood cell count and cytologic examination of a bone marrow aspirate. treatment with oral chlorambucil was attempted, but no response was evident after 40 days. the bird was euthanatized, and the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia was confirmed on gross and microscopic examination of tissues. neoplastic lymphocytes were found in th ... | 2011 | 22458185 |
| intermittent claudication-like syndrome secondary to atherosclerosis in a yellow-naped amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala auropalliata). | a 25-year-old yellow-naped amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala auropalliata) was presented for nasal discharge and sneezing. physical examination revealed poor feather quality, a mild serous nasal discharge, and a mass on the dorsal surface of the oral cavity. cytologic examination of a mass aspirate as well as results of a choanal culture revealed squamous metaplasia of the salivary glands and bacterial rhinitis, respectively. following resolution of the presenting conditions, the patient was p ... | 2011 | 22458182 |
| hydrocephalus in a yellow-headed amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala oratrix). | a 37-year-old female yellow-headed amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala oratrix) was presented after a 4-month-period behavior change and intermittent episodes of obtunded mentation. clinical findings on physical examination included ataxia, a weak grasp, and reluctance to move. results of magnetic resonance imaging were consistent with severe hydrocephalus without evidence of cerebrospinal fluid obstruction. the bird was treated with tapering dosages of prednisolone over a 4-month period, during ... | 2011 | 22216723 |
| two new eimeria species (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from the yellow-crowned amazon amazona ochrocephala (aves: psittacidae) in brazil. | in this study, we describe 2 new species of eimeria associated with the yellow-crowned amazon amazona ochrocephala. eimeria amazonae n. sp. has bilayered, ellipsoidal, and smooth oocysts that measure 48.9 × 36.2 µm; the length/width ratio is 1.35. the micropyle and oocyst residuum are both absent, but the polar granule is present. ovoidal sporocysts are 22.2 × 11.9 µm. stieda and sub-stieda bodies and sporocyst residuum are present. the 2 elongate sporozoites are curved and measure 18.1 × 3.4 µm ... | 2011 | 21506846 |
| diffuse intestinal t-cell lymphosarcoma in a yellow-naped amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala auropalliata). | a 10-year-old, intact, female yellow-naped amazon parrot was examined because of anemia, lymphocytic leukocytosis, regurgitation, and weight loss. a positive fecal occult blood and monoclonal globulinopathy were present. a distended proventriculus and diffusely thickened loops of small intestine with irregular luminal surfaces were identified with contrast radiography and contrast computed tomography. a micro positron emission tomography scan was performed with (18)f-fluorodeoxyglucose. diffuse ... | 2008 | 18776105 |
| bone transport osteogenesis for reconstruction of a bone defect in the tibiotarsus of a yellow-naped amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala auropalliata). | a yellow-naped amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala auropalliata) was presented 5 months after a traumatic fracture of its left tibiotarsus. fixation of the simple, closed, mid-diaphyseal fracture was originally with an intramedullary pin and external coaptation with a modified robert-jones bandage. during the subsequent 5 months, the bone became osteopenic, and the middle third of the tibiotarsus exhibited probable avascular necrosis. after various fixation attempts failed, the parrot was fitted ... | 2008 | 18543602 |
| cutaneous lymphosarcoma in a double yellow-headed amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala oratrix). | a 2-year-old double yellow-headed amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala oratrix) was presented for evaluation of a mass on the left wing. a second soft tissue swelling was present under the left mandible and a third in the right inguinal region. the bird had pale mucous membranes, but no other abnormalities were observed on physical examination. results of the complete blood count and plasma biochemical profile were anemia and decreased total solids. cytologic findings from fine needle aspirates o ... | 2007 | 18351007 |
| use of isoxsuprine for treatment of clinical signs associated with presumptive atherosclerosis in a yellow-naped amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala auropalliata). | a 35-year-old yellow-naped amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala auropalliata) was presented for gradually increasing inappetence, ataxia, weakness, and lethargy. radiographic and ultrasonographic findings were strongly suggestive of atherosclerosis. isoxsuprine, a peripheral vasodilator demonstrated to be of benefit in humans with intermittent limb pain, weakness, and lameness secondary to occlusive vascular disease, was selected for treatment. the bird's clinical signs resolved during treatment ... | 2007 | 18087939 |
| diagnosis and long-term therapy of right-sided heart failure in a yellow-crowned amazon (amazona ochrocephala). | | 2006 | 16581996 |
| management of an ingested lead foreign body in an amazon parrot. | an adult male, double-yellow-head amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala oratrix) was presented with a 36-h history of seizure episodes. on presentation, the bird was slightly obtunded, seizured once for approximately 20 sec and the seizure was controlled with midazolam. whole body radiographs revealed a 2-mm diameter, circular, dense object in the ventriculus. a presumptive diagnosis was made of lead toxicosis, and supportive care of sc fluids and gavage feedings. calcium disodium edta and chelati ... | 2002 | 12458638 |
| exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in a yellow-naped amazon (amazona ochrocephala) with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. | this report describes exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in a yellow-naped amazon (amazona ochrocephala) with complete effacement of the pancreas by a pancreatic adenocarcinoma. the bird presented with a 3-month history of weight loss and voluminous, foul-smelling droppings. clinically, routine hematologic findings were normal and fecal tests were performed to evaluate exocrine pancreatic function. the fecal function tests were positive for neutral and split fats and negative for trypsin. oral ad ... | 1997 | 9150549 |
| suspected lead poisoning in an amazon parrot. | a double yellow headed amazon parrot (amazona ochrocephala tresmariae) of unknown age and sex was examined for an acute onset of anorexia, listlessness, central nervous system signs and diarrhea. a tentative diagnosis of lead toxicosis was achieved based on radiographs, clinical pathology and response to therapy. chelation therapy (calcium edta) and supportive measures resulted in an uneventful recovery. | 1986 | 17422638 |
| true coelomic hernia and herniorrhaphy in a yellow-crowned amazon parrot ( amazona ochrocephala). | an 8-year-old male yellow crowned amazon parrot ( amazona ochrocephala) was presented for an 8-month history of intermittent regurgitation, anorexia, and lethargy along with a 3-week history of a soft tissue mass cranial to the vent. examination revealed a small soft tissue mass, approximately 2 cm in diameter, within the body wall of the coelomic cavity with no discoloration of the surrounding tissue. full body computed tomography (ct) revealed a defect in the body wall on the ventral coelom fr ... | 2018 | 30204013 |