| antirival activity of n-phenyl-n'-arylthiourea derivatives against some rhinoviruses. | the effect of 12 derivatives of n-phenyl-n'-aryl- or alkylthiourea, inhibitors of human enteroviruses and foot-and-mouth disease virus, on reproduction of some rhinoviruses (h-17, b-632) in hela bristol cells was studied. as screening methods both the multicylce growth test in roller tube cultures and two variants of plaque inhibition tests were employed. the compounds selected were tested in one-step growth cycle set-up. we established that n-phenyl-n'-4-hydroxyphenylthiourea (v-24) and n-pheny ... | 1977 | 188604 |
| vp1 sequencing of all human rhinovirus serotypes: insights into genus phylogeny and susceptibility to antiviral capsid-binding compounds. | rhinoviruses are the most common infectious agents of humans. they are the principal etiologic agents of afebrile viral upper-respiratory-tract infections (the common cold). human rhinoviruses (hrvs) comprise a genus within the family picornaviridae. there are >100 serotypically distinct members of this genus. in order to better understand their phylogenetic relationship, the nucleotide sequence for the major surface protein of the virus capsid, vp1, was determined for all known hrv serotypes an ... | 2004 | 15016887 |
| sequence analysis of human rhinoviruses in the rna-dependent rna polymerase coding region reveals large within-species variation. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs; family picornaviridae), the most frequent causative agents of respiratory infections, comprise more than 100 distinct serotypes. according to previous phylogenetic analysis of the vp4/vp2-coding sequences, all but one of the hrv prototype strains distribute between the two established species, human rhinovirus a (hrv-a) and human rhinovirus b (hrv-b). here, partial sequences of the rna-dependent rna polymerase (3d polymerase)-coding gene of 48 hrv prototype strains and ... | 2004 | 15269368 |
| phylogenetic analysis of human rhinovirus capsid protein vp1 and 2a protease coding sequences confirms shared genus-like relationships with human enteroviruses. | phylogenetic analysis of the capsid protein vp1 coding sequences of all 101 human rhinovirus (hrv) prototype strains revealed two major genetic clusters, similar to that of the previously reported vp4/vp2 coding sequences, representing the established two species, human rhinovirus a (hrv-a) and human rhinovirus b (hrv-b). pairwise nucleotide identities varied from 61 to 98 % within and from 46 to 55 % between the two hrv species. interserotypic sequence identities in both hrv species were more v ... | 2005 | 15722530 |
| in vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation gripp-heel on selected respiratory viruses. | gripp-heel is a homeopathic preparation frequently used in the treatment of respiratory viral infections such as various types of influenza and the common cold. the antiviral activity of gripp-heel was studied in vitro on human pathogenic enveloped and nonenveloped rna and dna viruses. before the antiviral assays, in vitro cytotoxicity of gripp-heel was determined with cells used for the infection experiments (hela, hep-2, mdck, bgm) as well as with mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclea ... | 2007 | 18066110 |
| prevalence and clinical characterization of a newly identified human rhinovirus c species in children with acute respiratory tract infections. | human rhinovirus c (hrv-c) is a newly identified genotype of hrv found in patients with respiratory tract infections (rtis); however, its epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics are not well understood. in this study, chinese children with rtis were screened for hrv-c and their epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed. from december 2006 to november 2007, 406 nasopharyngeal aspirates from children younger than 14 years of age with rtis were screened for hrv and oth ... | 2009 | 19625482 |
| evidence of recombination and genetic diversity in human rhinoviruses in children with acute respiratory infection. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are a highly prevalent cause of acute respiratory infection in children. they are classified into at least three species, hrv-a, hrv-b and hrv-c, which are characterized by sequencing the 5' untranslated region (utr) or the vp4/vp2 region of the genome. given the increased interest for novel hrv strain identification and their worldwide distribution, we have carried out clinical and molecular diagnosis of hrv strains in a 2-year study of children with acute respiratory ... | 2009 | 19633719 |
| newly identified human rhinoviruses: molecular methods heat up the cold viruses. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infections cause at least 70% of virus-related wheezing exacerbations and cold and flu-like illnesses. they are associated with otitis media, sinusitis and pneumonia. annually, the economic impact of hrv infections costs billions in healthcare and lost productivity. since 1987, 100 officially recognised hrv serotypes reside in two genetically distinct species; hrv a and hrv b, within the genus enterovirus, family picornaviridae. sequencing of their approximately 7kb genome ... | 2010 | 20127751 |
| uncoating of human rhinoviruses. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are a major cause of the common cold. the more than one hundred serotypes, divided into species hrv-a and hrv-b, either bind intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (major group viruses) or members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (minor group viruses) for cell entry. some major group hrvs can also access the host cell via heparan sulphate proteoglycans. the cell attachment protein(s) of the recently discovered phylogenetic clade hrv-c is unknown. the respective recept ... | 2010 | 20629045 |
| analysis of genetic diversity and sites of recombination in human rhinovirus species c. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are a highly prevalent and diverse group of respiratory viruses. although hrv-a and hrv-b are traditionally detected by virus isolation, a series of unculturable hrv variants have recently been described and assigned as a new species (hrv-c) within the picornavirus enterovirus genus. to investigate their genetic diversity and occurrence of recombination, we have performed comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of sequences from the 5' untranslated region (5' utr), vp4/vp2, ... | 2010 | 20668080 |
| human rhinovirus infection in young african children with acute wheezing. | infections caused by human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are important triggers of wheezing in young children. wheezy illness has increasingly been recognised as an important cause of morbidity in african children, but there is little information on the contribution of hrv to this. the aim of this study was to determine the role of hrv as a cause of acute wheezing in south african children. | 2011 | 21401965 |
| molecular modeling, organ culture and reverse genetics for a newly identified human rhinovirus c. | a recently recognized human rhinovirus species c (hrv-c) is associated with up to half of hrv infections in young children. here we propagated two hrv-c isolates ex vivo in organ culture of nasal epithelial cells, sequenced a new c15 isolate and developed the first, to our knowledge, reverse genetics system for hrv-c. using contact points for the known hrv receptors, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (ldlr), inter- and intraspecies footprint analyses ... | 2011 | 21483405 |
| clinical spectrum of human rhinovirus infections in hospitalized hong kong children. | background:: human rhinovirus (hrv) is classified into a, b, and c genogroups. hrvs cause mild upper respiratory infections, but hrv-c was recently found to be a major cause of asthma exacerbation in whites. this study elucidated disease spectrum of hrv infections among hong kong children hospitalized with respiratory illnesses. methods:: this retrospective study recruited 128 children with asthma exacerbations and 192 inpatient controls without allergy and hospitalized for respiratory illnesses ... | 2011 | 21494174 |
| differential processing of nuclear pore complex proteins by rhinovirus 2a proteases from different species and serotypes. | human rhinoviruses from the hrv-a, hrv-b and hrv-c species use encoded proteases, 2a(pro) and 3c(pro), to process their polyproteins and shut off host cell activities detrimental to virus replication. reactions attributed to 2a(pro) include cleavage of eif4g-i and -ii to inhibit cellular mrna translation, and cleavage of select nucleoporin proteins (nups) within nuclear pore complexes (npc) to disrupt karyopherin-dependent nuclear-cytoplasmic transport and signaling. sequence diversity among 2a( ... | 2011 | 21835805 |
| human rhinovirus species associated with hospitalizations for acute respiratory illness in young us children. | the contribution of human rhinovirus (hrv) to severe acute respiratory illness (ari) is unclear. | 2011 | 22013207 |
| antiviral activity in vitro of two preparations of the herbal medicinal product sinupret® against viruses causing respiratory infections. | sinupret(®), a herbal medicinal product made from gentian root, primula flower, elder flower, sorrel herb, and verbena herb is frequently used in the treatment of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis and respiratory viral infections such as common cold. to date little is known about its potential antiviral activity. therefore experiments have been performed to measure the antiviral activity of sinupret(®) oral drops (hereinafter referred to as "oral drops") and sinupret(®) dry extract (hereinafter r ... | 2011 | 22112724 |
| human rhinoviruses including group c are common in stool samples of young finnish children. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are common causes of viral respiratory infections. they have been widely studied in respiratory samples in hospital patient series but only a few studies have been performed to assess their occurrence in other sample types and their circulation in healthy children background population. | 2012 | 23273491 |
| type i diabetes mellitus: genetic factors and presumptive enteroviral etiology or protection. | we review type 1 diabetes and host genetic components, as well as epigenetics and viruses associated with type 1 diabetes, with added emphasis on the enteroviruses, which are often associated with triggering the disease. genus enterovirus is classified into twelve species of which seven (enterovirus a, enterovirus b, enterovirus c, and enterovirus d and rhinovirus a, rhinovirus b, and rhinovirus c) are human pathogens. these viruses are transmitted mainly by the fecal-oral route; they may also s ... | 2014 | 25574400 |
| antiviral activity of the "virus blocking factor" (vbf) derived i.a. from pelargonium extract and sambucus juice against different human-pathogenic cold viruses in vitro. | the in-vitro antiviral activity of the "virus blocking factor" (vbf), a combination of pelargonium extract and sambucus juice with addition of betaglucan 1,3 / 1,6, zincum gluconium, acidum ascorbicum, was studied against human pathogenic viruses: influenza a h1n1 (flua h1n1), rhinovirus b subtype 14 (hrv14), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenzavirus subtype 3 (para 3), and adenovirus c subtype 5 (adeno 5). | 2017 | 27717933 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in healthy infants. | despite the research importance of rhinovirus detection in asymptomatic healthy infants, the literature remains sparse. | 2015 | 26608824 |
| population structure and evolution of rhinoviruses. | rhinoviruses, formerly known as human rhinoviruses, are the most common cause of air-borne upper respiratory tract infections in humans. rhinoviruses belong to the family picornaviridae and are divided into three species namely, rhinovirus a, -b and -c, which are antigenically diverse. genetic recombination is found to be one of the important causes for diversification of rhinovirus species. although emerging lineages within rhinoviruses have been reported, their population structure has not bee ... | 2014 | 24586469 |
| human rhinovirus b and c genomes from rural coastal kenya. | primer-independent agnostic deep sequencing was used to generate three human rhinovirus (hrv) b genomes and one hrv c genome from samples collected in a household respiratory survey in rural coastal kenya. the study provides the first rhinovirus genomes from kenya and will help improve the sensitivity of local molecular diagnostics. | 2016 | 27469941 |
| genome sequences of rhinovirus b isolates from wisconsin pediatric respiratory studies. | nearly full-length rna genome sequences for 39 rhinovirus b isolates (rv-b), representing 13 different genotypes, were resolved as part of ongoing studies at the university of wisconsin that attempt to link rhinovirus (rv) diversity and respiratory disease in infants. | 2014 | 24675857 |
| spread of different rhinovirus b genotypes in hospitalized children in spain. | human rhinovirus (hrv) classification is an evolving process. new genotypes have been described within hrv-a and hrv-c species, but only one has been accepted related to hrv-b. from 2003 to 2010, a total of 3987 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were taken from pediatric patients admitted to the severo ochoa hospital in madrid (spain). after viral analysis, 949 (23.8%) tested positive to hrv. a random selection of 397 (42%) positive samples showed that 39 (9.8%) were hrv-b. the sequencing of parti ... | 2013 | 23216743 |