| effect of steroids on the adenohypophyseal gonadotrophes & its relation to spermatogenesis in rana hexadactyla lesson. | the exogenous administration of selected steroids to male rana hexadactyla lesson was used to investigate the hypophyseal-testicular axis and to determine their influence on the activity of the hypophyseal cell types and the impact of this activity on spermatogenic activity. the frogs were treated as follows: 1) stilbestrol (s), 1.25 in 1 ml ringer as a single dose or in 1.25 ml ringer in .25 ml doses every 48 hours for 15 days 2) testosterone (t), 1 mg/ml every day for 15 days; 3) estradiol ... | 1977 | 611087 |
| adenohypophysial histophysiology of gonadectomized, fatectomized and steroid treated male frogs, rana hexadactyla (lesson). | cytology of the pars distalis of unilaterally and bilaterally gonadectomized rana hexadactyla kept for a period of 60, 75, 120, 150 and 180 days and those treated with testosterone (25 micrograms) and oestradiol (25 micrograms) was studied. similarly adenohypophysial cytomorphology in unilaterally and bilaterally fatectomized animals and/or treated with aqueous fat body extract was also investigated. the results indicate the b2 and b3 cells of pars distalis are responsible for the gametogenetic ... | 1978 | 754522 |
| regulation of glutamate pyruvate transaminase in the amphibian (rana hexadactyla) kidney and liver homogenates. | | 1970 | 4189469 |
| effect of hormones on spermatogenesis in hypophysectomised rana hexadactyla (lesson). | | 1973 | 4781911 |
| first report of seuratascaris numidica seurat, 1917 (nematoda: ascarididae) and other helminths from amphibians of west bengal, india. | studies on nematode parasites from anuran hosts from eastern india, particularly west bengal, are rare. to our knowledge, there is a report of larvae of monhysterides sp. (a fish parasite) from cysts within the body cavity and musculature of duttaphrynus melanostictus, hoplobatrachus tigerinus and euphlyctis hexadactylus as well as descriptions of aplectana duttaphryni from d. melanostictus, aplectana dubrajpuri from h. tigerinus, cosmocerca microhylae from microhyla rubra and rhabdias bulbicaud ... | 2017 | 28316428 |
| the life history of pleurogenoides malampuzhensis sp. nov. (digenea: pleurogenidae) from amphibious and aquatic hosts in kerala, india. | the life-cycle stages of pleurogenoides malampuzhensis sp. nov. infecting the indian bullfrog hoplobatrachus tigerinus (daudin) and the skipper frog euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (schneider) occurring in irrigation canals and paddy fields in malampuzha, which forms part of the district of palakkad, kerala, are described. the species is described, its systematic position discussed and compared with the related species, p. gastroporus (luhe, 1901) and p. orientalis (srivastava, 1934). the life-cycle st ... | 2014 | 23517639 |
| characterization and evolution of the mitochondrial dna control region in ranidae and their phylogenetic relationship. | the control region is considered to be one of the most variable parts of animal mitochondrial dna (mtdna). we compared the mtdna control region from 37 species representing 14 genera and 4 subfamilies of ranidae, to analyze the evolution of the control region and to determine their phylogenetic relationship. all the ranidae species had a single control region, except four species that had two repeat regions. the control region spanned the region between the cyt b and trnaleu genes in most of the ... | 2016 | 27706640 |
| genetic divergence and evolutionary relationships in six species of genera hoplobatrachus and euphlyctis (amphibia: anura) from bangladesh and other asian countries revealed by mitochondrial gene sequences. | to elucidate the species composition, genetic divergence, evolutionary relationships, and divergence time of hoplobatrachus and euphlyctis frogs (subfamily dicroglossinae, family ranidae) in bangladesh and other asian countries, we analyzed the mitochondrial cyt b, 12s, and 16s rrna genes of 252 specimens. our phylogenetic analyses showed 13 major clades corresponding to several cryptic species as well as to nominal species in the two genera. the results suggested monophyly of asian hoplobatrach ... | 2008 | 18513995 |
| heavy metal-induced toxicity in the indian green frog: biochemical and histopathological alterations. | heavy metal contamination may have adverse effects on wetland biota, particularly on amphibians. severe immunotoxic effects elicited in euphlyctis hexadactylus (indian green frog) because of metal exposure (cd, cr, cu, pb, and zn) in the bellanwila-attidiya sanctuary, a polluted urban wetland in sri lanka, provided the rationale for the present study. we evaluated the biochemical and histopathological effects of this metal contamination with a reference e. hexadactylus population and a laborator ... | 2017 | 28474750 |
| heavy metal mediated innate immune responses of the indian green frog, euphlyctis hexadactylus (anura: ranidae): cellular profiles and associated th1 skewed cytokine response. | immune cell and cytokine profiles in relation to metal exposure though much studied in mammals has not been adequately investigated in amphibians, due mainly to lack of suitable reagents for cytokine profiling in non-model species. however, interspecies cross reactivity of cytokines permitted us to assay levels of ifnγ, tnfα, il6 and il10in a common anuran, the indian green frog (euphlyctis hexadactylus), exposed to heavy metals (cd, cr, cu, zn and pb, at ~5ppm each) under field and laboratory s ... | 2016 | 27335164 |
| heavy metal mediated immunomodulation of the indian green frog, euphlyctis hexadactylus (anura:ranidae) in urban wetlands. | impacts of heavy metal toxicity on the immune system of the indian green frog, euphlyctis hexadactylus, in bellanwila attidiya, an urban wetland polluted with high levels of heavy metals, compared to the reference site in bolgoda, in sri lanka was investigated. significantly higher accumulation of selected heavy metals, copper (cu), zinc (zn), lead (pb), and cadmium (cd) were detected by aas in frog liver and gastrocnemius muscle, in the polluted site than in the reference site. non-functional i ... | 2015 | 25754457 |
| development and characterization of 27 new microsatellite markers for the indian bullfrog hoplobatrachus tigerinus and its congeneric species. | the indian bullfrog hoplobatrachus tigerinus and its four congeneric species are common frog species and distributed throughout south asia. due to recent human activity, they are facing a changing environment and reduction in natural population size. for effective conservation and molecular ecological studies, we therefore isolated and characterized microsatellite loci for these frogs. we obtained genomic data using an ion torrent pgm sequencer and designed 54 primer sets for candidate loci. by ... | 2014 | 25475937 |
| effects of evans blue and amiloride on anti-diuretic hormone (adh)-induced sodium transport across frog (rana hexadactyla) skin. | the epithelial sodium channel (enac) has four subunits, namely α (alpha), β (beta), γ (gamma) and δ (delta). the functional enac is formed by the combination of either αβγ or δβγ subunits. the aim of the present study is to determine the combination of enac subunits predominant on the apical side of the frog skin, and the effect of adh on sodium transport though these two enacs subunit combinations. the ventral abdominal skin of the frog, rana hexadactyla was mounted in an ussing-type chamber. t ... | 2013 | 23646945 |
| purification, characterization, and chemical modification of neurotoxic peptide from daboia russelii snake venom of india. | comprehensive knowledge of venom composition is very important for effective management of snake envenomation and antivenom preparation. daboia russelii venom from the eastern region of india is the most neurotoxic among the four venom samples investigated. from the eastern d. russelii venom sample, neurotoxic peptide has been purified by combined method of ion exchange gel permeation chromatography and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. molecular weight of daboia neurotoxin ... | 2013 | 23629951 |
| requirement of potassium for the action of anti-diuretic hormone (adh) on frog skin. | the aim of the present study is to study whether the presence of k(+) in bathing media is required for the action of adh to the ionic transport across the skin in the frog species rana hexadactyla. lonic transport was measured as transepithelial potential difference (tepd) and short circuit current (scc) by using an indigenously developed computer based voltage-clamp technique. addition of adh (40 nm) on the serosal side significantly increased the tepd and scc with normal ringer (nr) on both si ... | 2011 | 22132789 |
| complete mitochondrial genomes and novel gene rearrangements in two dicroglossid frogs, hoplobatrachus tigerinus and euphlyctis hexadactylus, from bangladesh. | we determined the complete nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (mt) genomes from two dicroglossid frogs, hoplobatrachus tigerinus (indian bullfrog) and euphlyctis hexadactylus (indian green frog). the genome sizes are 20462 bp in h. tigerinus and 20280 bp in e. hexadactylus. although both genomes encode the typical 37 mt genes, the following unique features are observed: 1) the nd5 genes are duplicated in h. tigerinus that have completely identical sequences, whereas duplicated nd5 genes in e. ... | 2010 | 21041980 |
| actions of antidiuretic hormone analogues on intact and nystatin-permeabilized frog skins. | the roles of two antidiuretic hormone analogues, namely arginine vasotocin (avt) and lysine vasopressin (lvp), in solute transport across the ventral abdominal skin of frogs (rana hexadactyla) were studied using voltage-clamp methods on intact and nystatin-permeabilized preparations. arginine vasotocin (40 nm), the amphibian analogue of antidiuretic hormone, did not have any effect on the skin of rana hexadactyla. however, lvp, the porcine antidiuretic hormone, increased the transepithelial pote ... | 2009 | 19666695 |
| bioaccumulation of fenvalerate technical grade in different organs of the frog haplobatrachus tigerinus (daudin). | bioaccumulation studies of fenvalerate were conducted on indian bullfrog haplobatrachus tigrinus (daudin) after exposure to sublethal intraperitoneal dose of technical grade fenvalerate (1/3 ld50 i.e. 116.66 microg/kg body weight) at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours schedule. the tissues viz., muscle, liver, kidney, testis, brain, and whole body accumulation was analysed for residue estimations. in all the tissues, analysed maximum residue was recovered in the initial stages of exposure (3 and 6 ho ... | 2003 | 15259601 |
| effect of fenvalerate technical grade on acetyl cholinesterase activity in indian bullfrog haplobatrachus tigerinus (daudin). | indian bullfrog haplobatrachus tigerinus (daudin) was exposed to sublethal dose (1/3 of lc50 i.e. 1.166 mg/kg) of fenvalerate technical grade and the effect was studied on the specific activity of acetyl cholinesterase in the different tissues of frog viz., brain, muscle, liver, kidney and testis at different time periods viz., 3,6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. the inhibition of specific activity of acetyl cholinesterase was in the order of kidney > brain > muscle > liver > testis. a significant inh ... | 2003 | 15248660 |
| genotoxicity of some sulfur dyes on tadpoles (rana hexadactyla) measured using the comet assay. | this report presents the results of a genotoxicity study to evaluate the dna damage caused by four sulfur dyes used in the textile and tannery industries. alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (scge) was performed on erythrocytes from rana hexadactyla tadpoles following whole-body exposure to increasing concentrations of the dyes. the dyes, along with their active ingredients, were sandopel basic black bhln, negrosine, dermapel black fni, and turquoise blue. the dye-treated tadpoles sho ... | 2001 | 11774363 |
| histamine receptors in the skin melanophores of indian bullfrog rana tigerina. | histamine and 2-methyl histamine caused dose-dependent aggregation of the integumental melanophores of rana tigerina both in vitro and in vivo. the aggregating effects were antagonised by mepyramine and metiamide, specific h1 and h2 receptor blockers, respectively. compound 48/80 and edta augmented the melanin-aggregating effects of exogenously applied histamine and 2-methyl histamine in in vivo experiments. 4-methyl histamine, a specific h2 receptor agonist, dispersed the frog melanophores in i ... | 1998 | 9972321 |
| protein degradation and related enzyme profiles on a sublethal toxicity of aldrin in the tissues of rana hexadactyla. | the effects of a sublethal toxicity of aldrin were studied in the brain, muscle, kidney, and intestine of rana hexadactyla after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of exposures. aldrin toxicity resulted in a depletion of protein, an increase in amino acid levels, and an enhancement of the activity of protease and amino transferases. the changes were maximum after a 4-week exposure. | 1991 | 1914993 |
| aldrin toxicity on amphibian neuronal, hepatic and muscular tissue oxidative enzymes. | aldrin toxicity was studied in the brain, liver and muscle of rana hexadactyla. it was observed that sublethal concentration of aldrin inhibited the activities of sdh, mdh and icdh while it elevated the activities of ldh and g-6-pdh. the increase and the decrease was progressive with the exposure period. the changes were attributed to the induced toxic effects such as oxygen distress, energy crisis and microstructural changes. | 1990 | 2282077 |
| effect of melatonin on the spermatogenesis of rana hexadactyla (lesson). | it has been reported that melatonin produces either progonadal or antigonadal effects in mammals, depending on the time and mode of administration. information on the melatonin-effect on the testis in toads indicated varied changes during the breeding and hibernating seasons. the present study in rana hexadactyla (lesson), a continuous breeder revealed that administration of melatonin at a dosage of 50 micrograms/frog/day either in the morning or evening for a week inhibited spermatogenesis; how ... | 1988 | 3208704 |
| effect of malathion on some kinesiological parameters of the gastrocnemius muscle of frog, rana hexadactyla (lesson) and the antagonistic action of atropine. | selected kinesiological parameters were studied in the gastrocnemius muscle of frog, r. hexadactyla lesson, under different treatments with malathion and atropine. there is an apparent decrease of twitch amplitude, half contraction time, half relaxation time, twitch duration and fatigue time in control muscle during malathion treatment. in the denervated muscle, twitch amplitude, latency period, and fatigue time were lowered, with elevated phases of contraction and relaxation time. however, all ... | 1987 | 3686552 |
| electrophoretic analysis of proteins of muscle, nerve and ganglion from the frog (rana hexadactyla) and the cockroach (periplaneta americana). | | 1987 | 3610240 |
| effect of cadmium on the spermatogenesis of rana hexadactyla lesson. | a single subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mg cadmium chloride in amphibian ringer solution caused a significant decrease in secondary spermatogonial and primary spermatocytic stages in the semineferous tubules of frogs in 7 days. b3 cells of adenohypophysis and the activities of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and 17 beta-dehydrogenase in the leydig cells were significantly increased in the same period. there were no significant changes in 3 days. | 1987 | 3137781 |
| effects of cyproterone acetate, cyproterone and testosterone on hcg induced spermatogenesis in the indian bullfrog rana tigerina (daud) during postbreeding regression phase. | | 1985 | 2939026 |
| transamination and glutamate deamination in rana hexadactyla during induced ammonia toxicity. | glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and the transaminases namely aspartate aminotransferase (aat) and alanine aminotransferase (aiat) were estimated in the muscle, liver, kidney, and brain of control and ammonium acetate administered frogs. the results indicated tissue specific responses during induced ammonotoxemia. the inherent endogenous ammonia production decreased in all the tissues. 2-keto glutarate production appears to be the other main adaptive feature as a result of slightly stepped up trans ... | 2013 | 6511061 |
| induced transient hyperammonemia in rana hexadactyla with reference to the ammonia and urea excretion. | different ammonia toxicity induced by ammonium acetate administration in frogs lead to variable excretion of ammonia and urea into the medium. when 11.45 mm/kg body weight of ammonium acetate was administered, ammonia excretion increased while urea excretion decreased. when 4.17 mm/kg body weight of ammonium acetate is administered, the urea excretion increased while ammonia excretion decreased. the possible metabolic conversion of ammonia and urea by the animal at high and low ammonium acetate ... | 2013 | 6885124 |
| effects of some metabolic intermediates on amp-deaminase activity in denervation atrophy. | effects in vitro of glutamate, aspartate, fumarate and malate on substrate activation kinetics of amp-deaminase in denervated and contralateral gastrocnemius muscles of the frog, rana hexadactyla were studied. glutamate increase the enzyme activity of both muscles by increasing maximal velocity (v) and decreasing michaelis-menten constant (km), whereas, aspartate did not show any significant effect. fumarate and malate exerted mixed type of inhibition by decreasing v and increasing km of enzymes ... | 1982 | 6188433 |
| skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism during short-term and prolonged in vivo electrical stimulations. | electrical stimulations were applied to the gastrocnemius muscle of intact frog. rana hexadactyla (lesson) for short-term (sms) and prolonged (pms) periods. short-term muscular stimulations resulted in decreased glycogenolysis and glycolysis with depleted glycogen and lactic acid contents in the muscles and increased lactic acid content in the blood. the activity levels of sdh and mdh were decreased in sms muscles. prolonged muscular stimulations, on the other hand, increased glycogenolysis and ... | 2006 | 7152634 |
| endocrine control of the cycle of oviduct & urinogenital papilla of the tropical frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1982 | 7183529 |
| some events in cardiac cycle of the indian bullfrog rana tigerina (daud). | | 1981 | 7275222 |
| amp-deaminase activity in denervation atrophy of the amphibian skeletal muscle. | the substrate (amp) and co-factor (atp)-dependent kinetic parameters of amp-deaminase have been studied in the contralateral and denervated gastrocnemius muscles of frog, rana hexadactyla. an increasing in apparent affinity (km) and maximal velocity (v) were found with denervated muscle enzyme as compared to the contralateral muscle enzyme. the activation energy (delta e) values were found to be decreased on denervation suggesting increased catalytic efficiency of denervated muscle enzyme. | 1981 | 6166265 |
| changes in electrolyte composition in different tissues of the frog rana hexadactyla (lesson) during denervation atrophy. | | 1980 | 7228137 |
| kinetic characteristics of acetylcholinesterase in denervation atrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle of rana hexadactyla (lesson). | | 1980 | 7216290 |
| variations in total free amino acids & aminotransferase activity as a function of denervation atrophy & ammonia stress in selected tissues of frog rana hexadactyla (lesson). | | 1980 | 7216261 |
| effect of starvation on catalytic potential of amp-deaminase in skeletal muscle of the frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1980 | 7461747 |
| effect of steroid hormones on the levels of serum calcium cholesterol & glucose in the indian bullfrog rana tigerina (daud) during pre-spawning period. | | 1980 | 7429593 |
| changes in amino acid pattern during muscular fatigue in the frog rana hexadactyla leson. | | 1980 | 7429592 |
| 3'5' cyclic amp phosphodiesterase activity in the testes & fat body & the effect of prostaglandins & camp in the green frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1980 | 6249727 |
| creatine phosphokinase activity in the normal & denervated gastrocnemius muscles of frog rana hexadactyla (lesson). | | 1979 | 478591 |
| on some physiological effects of the scorpion heterometrus fulvipes venom on the frog rana hexadactyla. | | 1978 | 721154 |
| effect of in vivo muscular electric stimulation on succinate & glutamate dehydrogenases of the tissues of frog rana hexadactyla (lesson). | | 1978 | 680839 |
| inhibitory effect of venom of the scorpion heterometrus fulvipes (c.l. koch) on acetylcholinesterase activity in brain, muscle & liver of the frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1977 | 614186 |
| axonal transport of labelled proteins & increased functional activity in sciatic nerve of the frog rana hexadactyla in vitro. | | 1977 | 77842 |
| aldolase activity during fatigue in isolated gastrocnemius muscles of frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1977 | 598902 |
| impact of confinement on pars distalis cell types of the tropical frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1977 | 598889 |
| dose response studies of steroids on the spermatogenesis of the frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1977 | 924530 |
| isocitrate dehydrogenase activities in denervated gastrocnemius muscles of frog rana hexadactyla (lesson). | | 1977 | 914344 |
| cell types of the pars distalis: seasonal changes in secretory activity and effect of steroids on spermatogenesis in rana hexadactyla. | cytomorphological features and tinctorial affinities of the adenohypophyseal gonadotrophs have been studied in stained preparations of the pituitary of adult male frogs rana hexadactyla lesson, at monthly intervals during a calendar year. all the five morphologically distinct cell types showed a progressive increase in size from august of february, followed by a decrease from march to july. extrusion of the synthetized product occurred in the summer and during this period production was low. inj ... | 1977 | 612167 |
| increased histaminase activity in the atrophic muscle of denervated frog. | sciatic denervation for 1 month in the frog rana hexadactyla resulted in progressive atrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle without any change in the total dna content of the whole muscle. histamine content of the muscle decreased; glutamic and acid content increased and histidine level remained unaltered on denervation. histaminase activity localized in the muscle decreased; glutamic acid content increased and histidine level remained unaltered on denervation. histaminase activity localized in the ... | 1977 | 404141 |
| effect of steroids on the spermatogenesis in the frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1975 | 1218902 |
| free amino acid composition in the denervation atrophy of gastrocnemius muscle of the frog rana hexadactyla. | | 1975 | 1205528 |
| effect of stilbestrol on spermatogenesis of rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1974 | 4448499 |
| effect of steroids on hemicastration induced compensatory hypertrophy of the testis in the frog, rana hexadactyla (lesson). | | 1974 | 4418537 |
| effect of pituitary extracts on the hypophysial gonadotrophes and its relation to the spermatogenesis in rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1974 | 4813416 |
| effect of pituitary extracts on the spermatogenesis of the green frog rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1972 | 5068036 |
| comparative effect of steroids on the muscle & serum electrolytes of rana hexadactyla & calotes versicolor. | | 1971 | 5147173 |
| recovery of spermatogenesis after the withdrawal of testosterone treatment in rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1971 | 5130391 |
| effects of testosterone and estrogen on spermatogenesis in rana hexadactyla lesson. | | 1968 | 5703838 |
| on some effects of the constituents of ringer's circulating fluid on skeletal muscular contractions in rana hexadactyla. | | 1903 | 16992681 |
| description of a new species of cosmocerca diesing, 1861 (nematoda: cosmocercidae) in hoplobatrachus crassus (jerdon, 1853) (anura: dicroglossidae) from asansol coal-field area, west bengal, india. | a new cosmocercid nematode species, cosmocerca asansolensis sp. nov. (ascaridida, cosmocercidae) is described from an indian bullfrog, hoplobatrachus crassus (jerdon, 1853), from asansol town, paschim bardhaman district, west bengal, india. this species is characterized by the presence of five pairs of plectanes supporting preanal papillae, absence of somatic papillae in females, and having one pair large postanal papillae, a single papilla on the upper lip of cloaca, a single papilla on the low ... | 2020 | 33056202 |
| cosmocerca bengalensis sp. nov. (nematoda: cosmocercidae) in hoplobatrachus tigerinus (daudin, 1803) (amphibia, anura, dicroglossidae) from west bengal, india. | cosmocerca bengalensis sp. nov. (ascaridida, cosmocercidae) recovered from the rectum of an indian bullfrog, hoplobatrachus tigerinus (daudin, 1803), collected from hetampur town in birbhum district of west bengal, india, is described and illustrated. this species is similar to c. acanthurum, c. banyulensis, c. cruzi, c. japonica, c. kalesari, c. microhylae, c. novaeguineae, c. ornata, c. paraguayensis, c. parva, c. podicipinus and c. travassosi in having 5 pairs of plectanes supporting preanal ... | 2018 | 30367756 |
| what's for dinner? diet and potential trophic impact of an invasive anuran hoplobatrachus tigerinus on the andaman archipelago. | amphibian invasions have considerable detrimental impacts on recipient ecosystems. however, reliable risk analysis of invasive amphibians still requires research on more non-native amphibian species. an invasive population of the indian bullfrog, hoplobatrachus tigerinus, is currently spreading on the andaman archipelago and may have significant trophic impacts on native anurans through competition and predation. we carried out diet analyses of the invasive h. tigerinus and native anurans, acros ... | 2018 | 30310745 |