| susceptibility to taura syndrome virus of some penaeid shrimp species native to the gulf of mexico and the southeastern united states | experimental studies demonstrated that penaeus setiferus, but not penaeus aztecus or penaeus duorarum, could be killed by taura syndrome virus (tsv). however, specimens of p. setiferus that survived infection and both p. aztecus and p. duorarum at least 79 days postexposure that did not demonstrate gross signs of infection were shown to harbor virus by bioassay using penaeus vannamei, a highly susceptible target host. consequently, all three of those penaeids native to the southeast united state ... | 1997 | 9056467 |
| a new rna-friendly fixative for the preservation of penaeid shrimp samples for virological detection using cdna genomic probes. | in situ hybridization analysis of shrimp histological sections, utilizing taura syndrome virus (tsv) specific cdna probes, is the most sensitive diagnostic technique presently available for the detection of this penaeid shrimp viral disease. however, false negative genomic probe results are obtained frequently from samples of pacific white shrimp, penaeus vannamei, that have been preserved with davidson's afa (acetic acid, formaldehyde, alcohol) fixative and that, otherwise, demonstrate pathogno ... | 1997 | 9255734 |
| taura syndrome of penaeid shrimp: cloning of viral genome fragments and development of specific gene probes. | the ssrna genome extracted from purified taura syndrome virus (tsv) was transcribed into double-stranded, blunt-ended cdna and was used to construct cdna libraries either in puc 18 or in pbluescript ii ks-vectors. twelve recombinant plasmids chosen after screening of the libraries were subjected to restriction enzyme digestions for determination of size inserts and restriction maps. two of them, pp15 and pq1, were selected for probe construction. the inserts, 1500 and 1300 base pairs (bp) respec ... | 1998 | 9653455 |
| reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) used for the detection of taura syndrome virus (tsv) in experimentally infected shrimp. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) has adversely affected the shrimp culture industries of the americas. first recognized in 1992, this viral agent has spread throughout the shrimp growing regions of south and central america to become established in north america in the short span of 5 yr. diagnostic methods for tsv include histopathology, bioassay using susceptible penaeus vannamei as the indicator species and in situ hybridization with tsv specific complimentary dna (cdna) gene probes. an additional ... | 1998 | 9828404 |
| a yellow head virus gene probe: nucleotide sequence and application for in situ hybridization. | a portion of the genome of yellow head virus (yhv) of penaeid shrimp was cloned and the cdna fragment (1161 bp) was designated clone 3-27. the fragment was labeled with digoxigenin and hybridized in situ to tissue sections of yhv-infected penaeus vannamei. positively reacting tissues included those of the lymphoid organ, cuticular epithelium, and gills. in addition, connective tissue of hepatopancreas, heart, antennal gland, hematopoietic organ, nerve tract, midgut cecum and muscle reacted to th ... | 1999 | 10228874 |
| periodic occurrence of epithelial viral necrosis outbreaks in penaeus vannamei in ecuador. | epizootics of an infectious cuticular epithelial necrosis virus (icenv) occurred in cultured penaeus vannamei in ecuadorian shrimp farms from 1994 to 1996. there were few reports of outbreaks during 1997, but in the second half of 1998 epizootics were again reported. histopathological examination revealed extensive tissue changes and necrosis as described for infections by what others have called taura syndrome virus (tsv). infiltration of haemocytes in the cuticular epithelium was also one of t ... | 2000 | 11023248 |
| nucleotide sequence of 3'-end of the genome of taura syndrome virus of shrimp suggests that it is related to insect picornaviruses. | taura syndrome disease, caused by taura syndrome virus (tsv), is one of the most important viral diseases of penaeid shrimp in the western hemisphere resulting in catastrophic disease epidemics in farmed shrimp. we have cloned and sequenced a 3278 bp cdna representing the 3' end of the tsv genome. sequence analyses revealed that frame + 2 had the longest open reading (orf) frame. this frame contained a 5'-terminal 19 non-coding bases followed by an orf from nucleotides 20 to 3053 (encoding 1011 ... | 2001 | 11448031 |
| development and application of monoclonal antibodies for the detection of white spot syndrome virus of penaeid shrimp. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced against white spot syndrome virus (wssv) of penaeid shrimp. the virus isolate used for immunization was obtained from china in 1994 and was passaged in penaeus vannamei. the 4 hybridomas selected for characterization all produced mabs that reacted with the 28 kd structural protein by western blot analysis. the mabs tested in dot-immunoblot assays were capable of detecting the virus in hemolymph samples collected from moribund shrimp during an experiment ... | 2001 | 11797911 |
| shrimp taura syndrome virus: genomic characterization and similarity with members of the genus cricket paralysis-like viruses. | the single-stranded genomic rna of taura syndrome virus (tsv) is 10205 nucleotides in length, excluding the 3' poly(a) tail, and contains two large open reading frames (orfs) that are separated by an intergenic region of 207 nucleotides. the orfs are flanked by a 377 nucleotide 5' untranslated region (utr) and a 226 nucleotide 3' utr followed by a poly(a) tail. the predicted amino acid sequence of orf1 revealed sequence motifs characteristic of a helicase, a protease and an rna-dependent rna pol ... | 2002 | 11907342 |
| quantitative assay for measuring the taura syndrome virus and yellow head virus load in shrimp by real-time rt-pcr using sybr green chemistry. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) and yellow head virus (yhv) are the two rna viruses infecting penaeid shrimp (penaeus sp.) that have caused major economic losses to shrimp aquaculture. a rapid and highly sensitive detection and quantification method for tsv and yhv was developed using the geneamp 5700 sequence detection system and sybr green chemistry. the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) mixture contained a fluorescent dye, sybr green, which exhibits fluorescence enhancement ... | 2002 | 12020794 |
| simultaneous detection of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and taura syndrome virus (tsv) by multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) in pacific white shrimp penaeus vannamei. | an assay using a single-tube, 1-step multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was established for the simultaneous detection of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and taura syndrome virus (tsv). three primer sets, 9195 f/9992 r, 94 f2/r2, and its f/28s r, were mixed at a ratio of 3:1:1 to amplify specific fragments of the tsv, wssv, and penaeus vannamei genome, respectively, in the rt-pcr reaction. shrimp samples were experimentally infected with wssv and tsv. pcr-amplifi ... | 2002 | 12152907 |
| genetic variation and immunohistochemical differences among geographic isolates of taura syndrome virus of penaeid shrimp. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) is an important virus infecting penaeid shrimp in the western hemisphere. genetic variation and immunohistochemical differences of 20 tsv isolates collected from the usa, taiwan, mexico and nicaragua were compared. capsid protein genes cp1 (546 bp) and cp2 (584 bp) were amplified by rt-pcr and the cdnas were sequenced. pairwise comparison of nucleotide sequences showed a 0-2.4% difference in cp1 and a 0-3.5% difference in cp2. phylogenetic analyses clustered the tsv is ... | 2002 | 12466489 |
| detection of taura syndrome virus (tsv) strain differences using selected diagnostic methods: diagnostic implications in penaeid shrimp. | anecdotal industry reports of taura syndrome (ts) epizootics in a taura syndrome virus (tsv) tolerant strain of penaeus stylirostris and collected evidence of field ts epizootics in p. stylirostris suggested that a distinct new tsv strain might have emerged since 1994. the ecuadorian 1992 tsv genome published in genbank is virtually identical to the hawaiian 1994 tsv isolate (hi94tsv) used as reference throughout this investigation. three other geographic and year isolates of tsv from naturally ... | 2002 | 12517000 |
| infection of cultured human and monkey cell lines with extract of penaeid shrimp infected with taura syndrome virus. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) affects shrimp cultured for human consumption. although tsv is related to the cricket paralysis virus, it belongs to the "picornavirus superfamily," the most common cause of viral illnesses. here we demonstrate that tsv also infects human cell lines, which may suggest that penaeus is a potential reservoir of this virus. | 2003 | 12604003 |
| haemolymph parameters of pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) infected with taura syndrome virus. | pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) were injected with taura syndrome virus (tsv) to assess shrimp immune responses and survival. tsv-infected shrimp suffered high mortality, but mock-infected and untreated shrimp experienced no mortality. moribund shrimp were a pale, reddish colour and were lethargic and soft-shelled. their haemolymph was clear red and coagulated poorly. in tsv-infected shrimp, the total haemocyte count (thc), hyalinocyte and granulocyte counts, and total plasma protein ... | 2003 | 12657535 |
| controlled bioassay systems for determination of lethal infective doses of tissue homogenates containing taura syndrome or white spot syndrome virus. | in vivo bioassay is the predominant method for evaluating the infectivity of materials potentially harboring viable shrimp pathogens and determining the relative susceptibility of shrimp species to viral infections. a controlled bioassay system for white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and taura syndrome virus (tsv) was developed utilizing 260 ml tissue culture flasks modified with an air exchange vent. individual shrimp (1.00 +/- 0.25 g) were placed in separate flasks containing artificial seawater ... | 2003 | 12747634 |
| a model of taura syndrome virus (tsv) epidemics in litopenaeus vannamei. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) is a highly virulent pathogen of litopenaeus vannamei, has affected shrimp aquaculture throughout the world, and threatens wild populations. despite its importance, little work has been done on the pathogen's formal epidemiology. therefore we developed a compartment model for epidemics of tsv in closed populations of l. vannamei. the model includes five compartments, uninfected susceptible, prepatently infected, acutely infected, chronically infected, and dead infected ... | 2003 | 12788286 |
| improvement in the specificity and sensitivity of detection for the taura syndrome virus and yellow head virus of penaeid shrimp by increasing the amplicon size in sybr green real-time rt-pcr. | real-time rt-pcr using sybr green chemistry uses a green fluorescence dye, sybr green i, that binds to double stranded dna (dsdna) and exhibits enhancement of fluorescence upon binding to the dna. the indiscriminate binding ability of sybr green i dye to dsdna often results in non-specific products. we have shown that increasing the amplicon size from approximately 50 to approximately 75-100 bp increases the specificity due to higher melting temperature of the amplicon and also enhances the sens ... | 2003 | 12880927 |
| quantitation of taura syndrome virus by real-time rt-pcr with a taqman assay. | a real-time rt-pcr assay was developed using a taqman probe to detect and quantify taura syndrome virus (tsv) in penaeid shrimp. a pair of rt-pcr primers, which amplify a 72 bp dna fragment, and a taqman probe were selected from open reading frame 1 (orf1) of the tsv genome. the primers and taqman probe used in this assay reacted with tsv isolates from hawaii, texas, colombia, mexico, belize, indonesia, and thailand, but neither with rna of healthy shrimp nor with an isolate of yellow head virus ... | 2004 | 14656468 |
| structural variant of the intergenic internal ribosome entry site elements in dicistroviruses and computational search for their counterparts. | the intergenic region (igr) located upstream of the capsid protein gene in dicistroviruses contains an internal ribosome entry site (ires). translation initiation mediated by the ires does not require initiator methionine trna. comparison of the igrs among dicistroviruses suggested that taura syndrome virus (tsv) and acute bee paralysis virus have an extra side stem loop in the predicted ires. we examined whether the side stem is responsible for translation activity mediated by the igr using con ... | 2004 | 15100433 |
| the use of differential display to isolate viral genomic sequence for rapid development of pcr-based detection methods. a test case using taura syndrome virus. | the purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of using differential display (dd) to isolate viral genomic sequence using tissues from infected organisms so that a pcr procedure to detect the pathogen may be developed rapidly. the model virus used was the taura syndrome virus (tsv), a ssrna virus that cause high rates of mortality at shrimp farms. two random primers in combination with four anchored primers were used to isolate five cdnas, ranging in size from 241 to 822 bp, that were dif ... | 2004 | 15350740 |
| induction of antiviral immunity by double-stranded rna in a marine invertebrate. | vertebrates mount a strong innate immune response against viruses, largely by activating the interferon system. double-stranded rna (dsrna), a common intermediate formed during the life cycle of many viruses, is a potent trigger of this response. in contrast, no general inducible antiviral defense mechanism has been reported in any invertebrate. here we show that dsrna induces antiviral protection in the marine crustacean litopenaeus vannamei. when treated with dsrna, shrimp showed increased res ... | 2004 | 15367610 |
| genetic and phenotypic variations of isolates of shrimp taura syndrome virus found in penaeus monodon and metapenaeus ensis in taiwan. | distinct taura syndrome virus (tsv) isolates were found in metapenaeus ensis (isolate tw2kmetsv), penaeus monodon (isolate tw2kpmtsv) and litopenaeus vannamei (isolate tw02lvtsv). nucleotide sequence analysis of these three isolates revealed differences in the tsv structural protein (capsid protein precursor) gene orf2. tsv orf2 amino acid sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis suggested a comparatively close relationship between these three taiwanese isolates and the hawaiian isolate hi9 ... | 2004 | 15448359 |
| genomic organization, biology, and diagnosis of taura syndrome virus and yellowhead virus of penaeid shrimp. | | 2004 | 15530565 |
| experimental infection of pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei with necrotizing heptopancreatitis (nhp) bacterium by per os exposure. | necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacterium (nhpb), which causes necrotizing hepatopancreatitis, was successfully transmitted in individually isolated kona stock litopenaeus vannamei through per os exposure. animals (140) were individually exposed orally to a 0.05 g piece of an nhpb-infected hepatopancreas and 120 control animals were each exposed to a 0.05 g piece of nhpb-negative hepatopancreas. shrimp were maintained in sterilite containers with approximately 41 of artificial seawater at 30 per ... | 2004 | 15609877 |
| factor-independent assembly of elongation-competent ribosomes by an internal ribosome entry site located in an rna virus that infects penaeid shrimp. | the taura syndrome virus (tsv), a member of the dicistroviridae family of viruses, is a single-stranded positive-sense rna virus which contains two nonoverlapping reading frames separated by a 230-nucleotide intergenic region. this intergenic region contains an internal ribosome entry site (ires) which directs the synthesis of the tsv capsid proteins. unlike other dicistroviruses, the tsv ires contains an aug codon that is in frame with the capsid region, suggesting that the ires initiates trans ... | 2005 | 15613295 |
| nonsusceptibility of primate cells to taura syndrome virus. | taura syndrome virus (tsv), a pathogen of penaeid shrimp and member of the family dicistroviridae, was recently reported to have the ability to infect primate cells. we independently retested this hypothesis. three lines of primate cells frhk-4, ma-104, and bgmk, which are highly susceptible to infection by human picornaviruses, were challenged with tsv. viral replication was assayed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using cell media samples collected on days 0, 4, and ... | 2004 | 15663846 |
| taura syndrome virus and mammalian cell lines. | | 2004 | 15672534 |
| taura syndrome virus (tsv) in thailand and its relationship to tsv in china and the americas. | the cultivation of exotic penaeus vannamei in thailand began on a very limited scale in the late 1990s, but a thai government ban on the cultivation of p. monodon in freshwater areas in 2000 led many thai shrimp farmers to shift to cultivation of p. vannamei. alarmed by the possibility of taura syndrome virus (tsv) introduction, the thai department of fisheries required that imported stocks of p. vannamei be certified free of tsv by rt-pcr (reverse trasciption polymerase chain reaction) testing. ... | 2005 | 15819424 |
| taura syndrome virus from belize represents a unique variant. | a taura syndrome virus (tsv) isolate from cultured penaeus vannamei grown in belize, central america was characterized and shown to be a unique isolate. mortality rates in laboratory infections of specific pathogen-free (spf) p. vannamei, reactivity of the virus with monoclonal antibody (mab) 1a1 and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the belize isolate (blz02tsv) is a new valiant of tsv. the hawaiian 1994 tsv isolate (hi94tsv, genbank af277675) was used as the reference isolate for these s ... | 2005 | 15918471 |
| phylogenetic analysis of taura syndrome virus isolates collected between 1993 and 2004 and virulence comparison between two isolates representing different genetic variants. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) is highly pathogenic to litopenaeus vannamei (pacific white shrimp) and has caused significant economic loss in the shrimp culture industry. it was first reported from ecuador in 1992 and has since become widely distributed throughout the americas and southeast asia (se asia). to determine the genetic relationship among various geographic isolates, we amplified and sequenced a 1.3 kb fragment of the tsv capsid protein gene 2 (cp2) from each of 34 isolates collected fro ... | 2005 | 16022902 |
| effect of chronic taura syndrome virus infection on salinity tolerance of litopenaeus vannamei. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) is one of the most important shrimp viruses affecting farmed shrimp worldwide. after an acute phase during which the likelihood of mortality is elevated, infected shrimp enter a chronic phase during which shrimp appear to resume normal behavior and display no gross signs of infection. this study was designed to determine if chronically tsv-infected shrimp litopenaeus vannamei are compromised by the infection. specifically we investigated whether chronically infected sh ... | 2005 | 16042046 |
| viral resistance in shrimp that express an antisense taura syndrome virus coat protein gene. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in shrimp, and has a profound economic impact on commercial u.s. shrimp farming. this paper describes the stable expression of an antisense taura syndrome virus-coat protein (tsv-cp) gene construct in shrimp zygotes, via transfection using jetpei reagent, over a period of at least 236 days. the transgenic shrimp showed no statistically significant difference from normal control shrimp in terms of weight gain or their appearan ... | 2005 | 16129499 |
| experimental infection of penaeus monodon with taura syndrome virus (tsv). | clinical signs and lesions of taura syndrome virus (tsv) infection in penaeus monodon have not been documented although the virus has been detected in this shrimp species by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). this study provides the first evidence of tsv infection in p. monodon by histological and in situ hybridization (ish) analyses. we performed experimental bioassays with groups of p. monodon using inocula of p. monodon and litopenaeus vannamei (th04pmtsv and th04lvtsv, ... | 2005 | 16385801 |
| polyclonal antibodies specific for vp1 and vp3 capsid proteins of taura syndrome virus (tsv) produced via gene cloning and expression. | capsid protein genes vp1 and vp3 of taura syndrome virus (tsv) were cloned into pgex-6p-1 expression vector and transformed into escherichia coli bl21. after induction, recombinant vp1 (rvp1) and recombinant vp3 (rvp3) were produced, purified by sds-page and used for immunization of swiss mice for antisera production. anti-rvp1 and anti-rvp3 antisera showed specific immunoreactivities to rvp1 and rvp3 proteins, respectively, by western blot assay and also yielded good results for detection of ts ... | 2006 | 16724569 |
| taura syndrome virus from penaeus vannamei shrimp cultured in korea. | mass mortality occurred among penaeus vannamei shrimp cultured in korea in 2004. in an earlier study, we reported white spot syndrome virus (wssv) as a causative agent of mass mortality of p. monodon shrimp in korea (moon et al. 2003; dis aquat org 53:11-13). however, in the present study, we detected taura syndrome virus (tsv) from the moribund 2004 p. vannamei shrimp by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). in addition, during our regular screening for the tsv in stocks of ... | 2006 | 16875405 |
| comparison of four taura syndrome virus (tsv) isolates in oral challenge studies with litopenaeus vannamei unselected or selected for resistance to tsv. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) infection in tsv-resistant (tsr) and tsv-susceptible (kona) litopenaeus vannamei (also called penaeus vannamei) was investigated using histology, in situ hybridization (ish), conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assays, and sybr-green real-time rt-pcr analysis. the shrimp were challenged by feeding with minced tissues of l. vannamei infected with 4 genotypic variants of tsv (bz01, th04, ushi94, and ve05). survival probabilities of tsr s ... | 2006 | 16921995 |
| white-spot syndrome virus (wssv) introduction into the gulf of mexico and texas freshwater systems through imported, frozen bait-shrimp. | we analysed 20 boxes of, frozen imported bait-shrimp (china: parapenaeopsis sp. and metapenaeopsis sp.) and 8 boxes of native, frozen bait-shrimp (gulf of mexico: litopenaeus setiferus and farfantepenaeus duorarum) by rt-pcr or pcr for taura syndrome virus (tsv), yellowhead virus/gill-associated virus (yhv/gav), white-spot syndrome virus (wssv) and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihhnv). all 28 boxes of shrimp were negative for tsv, yhv/gav and ihhnv; 2 boxes of imported ... | 2006 | 16956056 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of taura syndrome virus using nucleic acid-based amplification. | requiring only simple heating devices, isothermal nucleic acid-based amplification (nasba) is a potential detection platform to be developed for on-site diagnosis of aquaculture pathogens. in this report, an nasba assay has been developed for the taura syndrome virus (tsv), one of the most devastating rna virus pathogens for several penaeid shrimp species. the nasba amplicons were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed by northern-blotting and dot-blotting analysis, using a biotin ... | 2006 | 17240748 |
| detection of infectious myonecrosis virus (imnv) of penaeid shrimp by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). | infectious myonecrosis virus (imnv) infecting cultured litopenaeus vannamei in brazil is a double-stranded rna virus that causes a slowly progressive disease with cumulative mortalities of up to 70%. the disease is currently diagnosed using a combination of gross signs (primarily skeletal tail muscle necrosis with white opaque discoloration), histopathology, and in situ hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled gene probe. a rapid and sensitive method for definitive diagnosis of the disease was d ... | 2006 | 17240754 |
| ultrastructure of the replication site in taura syndrome virus (tsv)-infected cells. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) is a member of the family dicistroviridae that infects pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei (also called penaeus vannamei), and its replication strategy is largely unknown. to identify the viral replication site within infected shrimp cells, the viral rna was located in correlation with virus-induced membrane rearrangement. ultrastructural changes in the infected cells, analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (tem), included the induction and proliferation of ... | 2006 | 17260828 |
| taura syndrome virus in specific pathogen-free penaeus vannamei originating from hawaii and in p. vannamei stocks farmed in france? | it is the opinion of the authors of the comment on do et al. (2006), that those authors incorrectly interpreted their test results, which are more likely the result of mislabeling of samples or within-laboratory contamination, and that the tsv isolates found in penaeus vannamei in korea in 2004 and 2005 did not originate from hawaii as claimed by the authors, but from a country (or countries) in southeast asia. finally, we believe that the authors did not follow proper international guidelines, ... | 2007 | 17425266 |
| characterization and diagnostic use of a recombinant single-chain antibody specific for the gp116 envelop glycoprotein of yellow head virus. | yellow head virus (yhv) is an invertebrate nidovirus that can cause mass mortality of the cultured penaeus monodon shrimp. a single-chain variable fragment (scfv) antibody directed against the gp116 envelop glycoprotein of yhv was constructed from hybridomas. variable heavy (v(h)) and light (v(l)) chain genes were amplified from cdna using antibody-specific primers, linked to generate a full-length gene via a standard peptide linker, ligated into the pet28a expression vector and transformed into ... | 2007 | 17451816 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of taura syndrome virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay is a novel method of gene amplification that amplifies nucleic acid with high specificity, sensitivity and rapidity, which can be applied for disease diagnosis in shrimp aquaculture. the method is performed under isothermal conditions with a set of four specially designed primers that recognize six distinct sequences of the target. in this study, using the rt-lamp method, a protocol for detecting taura syndrome virus wh ... | 2007 | 17643501 |
| a multiplex rt-pcr for simultaneous differentiation of three viral pathogens of penaeid shrimp. | a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) was developed and optimized to simultaneously detect 3 viral pathogens of shrimp. three sets of specific oligonucleotide primers for taura syndrome virus (tsv), white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihhnv) were used in the assay. the mrt-pcr dna products were visualized by gel electrophoresis and consisted of fragments of 231 bp for tsv, 593 bp for wssv and 356 bp for ihhn ... | 2007 | 17718168 |
| proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in penaeus vannamei hemocytes upon taura syndrome virus infection. | to understand molecular responses of crustacean hemocytes to virus infection, we applied 2-de proteomics approach to investigate altered proteins in hemocytes of penaeus vannamei during taura syndrome virus (tsv) infection. at 24 h postinfection, quantitative intensity analysis and nano-lc-esi-ms/ms revealed 11 forms of 8 proteins that were significantly up-regulated, whereas 9 forms of 5 proteins were significantly down-regulated in the infected shrimps. these altered proteins play important ro ... | 2007 | 17722205 |
| specific detection of reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification amplicons for taura syndrome virus by colorimetric dot-blot hybridization. | the goal of this study was to develop a field diagnosis system based on isothermal reverse transcription-loop-mediated amplification (rt-lamp) for shrimp taura syndrome virus (tsv), placing emphasis on specific and simple detection of the lamp amplicons. after a single-tube rt-lamp reaction for tsv was established, colorimetric dot-blot hybridization (dbh) was adopted to detect signals only from the target-derived amplicons. the results showed that the modified dbh offered unambiguous and sensit ... | 2007 | 17868915 |
| multiplex rt-pcr assay for simultaneous detection of six viruses of penaeid shrimp. | in the present study, multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) was developed for simultaneously detection of six major shrimp viruses including yellow-head virus (yhv), white spot syndrome virus (wssv), taura syndrome virus (tsv), hepatopancreatic parvovirus (hpv), infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihhnv) and monodon baculovirus (mbv). the six primer sets could amplify viral nucleic acids resulting in pcr products with different sizes. they were h ... | 2008 | 18406570 |
| specific monoclonal antibodies raised against taura syndrome virus (tsv) capsid protein vp3 detect tsv in single and dual infections with white spot syndrome virus (wssv). | the gene sequence encoding vp3 capsid protein of taura syndrome virus (tsv) was cloned into pgex-6p-1 expression vector and transformed into escherichia coli bl21. after induction, recombinant gst-vp3 (rvp3) fusion protein was obtained and further purified by electro-elution before use in immunizing swiss mice for production of monoclonal antibodies (mab). one mab specific to glutathione-s-transferase (gst) and 6 mab specific to vp3 were selected using dot blotting and western blotting. mab spec ... | 2008 | 18429444 |
| experimental infections reveal that common thai crustaceans are potential carriers for spread of exotic taura syndrome virus. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) was first reported as a serious cause of shrimp mortality limited to reared penaeus (litopenaeus) vannamei in the americas, where it spread principally through regional and international transfer of live post larvae (pl) and broodstock. subsequently, through importation of infected broodstock, tsv outbreaks spread to asia, first to taiwan and china and then to thailand, indonesia and korea. since its introduction to thailand, outbreaks have occasionally been reported f ... | 2008 | 18589994 |
| shrimp taura syndrome virus detection by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) allows rapid amplification of nucleic acid under isothermal conditions using four sets of specially designed primers that recognize six distinct target sequences with high specificity and sensitivity. in this report, a 60-min reverse transcription lamp (rt-lamp) method for amplification of taura syndrome virus (tsv) cdna using biotin-labeled primer was combined with a chromatographic lateral flow dipstick (lfd) for rapid and simple visual detection o ... | 2008 | 18662723 |
| application of nucleic-acid-based therapeutics for viral infections in shrimp aquaculture. | viral infections are one of the major reasons for the huge economic losses in shrimp farming. the control of viral diseases in shrimp remains a serious challenge for the shrimp aquacultural industry, with major pathogens, such as the white spot syndrome virus, yellow head virus, taura syndrome virus, hepatopancreatic parvovirus, and baculoviruses, being geographically widespread. in the absence of a true adaptive immune response system in invertebrates such as shrimp, one of the alternative and ... | 2009 | 18941835 |
| development of a real-time multiplex pcr assay for detection of viral pathogens of penaeid shrimp. | a real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction (rtm-pcr) assay was developed and optimized to simultaneously detect three viral pathogens of shrimp in one reaction. three sets of specific oligonucleotide primers for white spot syndrome virus (wssv), infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihhnv) and taura syndrome virus (tsv), along with three taqman probes specific for each virus were used in the assay. the rtm-pcr results were detected and analyzed using the light cycler 2.0 ... | 2008 | 19018451 |
| detection of shrimp infectious myonecrosis virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick. | infectious myonecrosis virus (imnv) has caused a slowly progressive disease with cumulative mortalities of up to 70% or more in cultured penaeus (litopenaeus) vannamei in northeast brazil and indonesia. rapid detection of viruses by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) of genomic material with high specificity and sensitivity can be applied for diagnosis, monitoring and control of diseases in shrimp aquaculture. using an imnv template, successful detection was achieved after a 60-min rt ... | 2009 | 19022295 |
| comparison of taura syndrome virus (tsv) detection methods during chronic-phase infection in penaeus vannamei. | methods to detect taura syndrome virus (tsv) were assessed for their ability to detect the virus during chronic phase infection in the pacific white shrimp penaeus vannamei. in situ hybridization (ish), immunohistochemistry (ihc) using monoclonal antibody 1a1, conventional rt-pcr and real-time quantitative (q)rt-pcr were compared using shrimp sampled over 60 wk following experimental tsv infection. between weeks 7 and 60, hematoxylin-eosin histology confirmed the presence of lymphoid organ spher ... | 2008 | 19244969 |
| c-terminal hemocyanin from hemocytes of penaeus vannamei interacts with erk1/2 and undergoes serine phosphorylation. | to understand molecular immune response of penaeus vannamei during taura syndrome virus (tsv) infection, expression and functional proteomics studies were performed on hemocyanin, which is a major abundant protein in shrimp hemocytes. two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-de) revealed up-regulation of several c-terminal fragments of hemocyanin, whereas the n-terminal fragments were down-regulated during tsv infection. 2-d western blot analysis showed that the c-terminal hemocyanin fragments had mor ... | 2009 | 19284748 |
| molecular detection of three shrimp viruses and genetic variation of white spot syndrome virus in hainan province, china, in 2007. | abstract white spot syndrome virus (wssv), taura syndrome virus (tsv) and infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihhnv) have been responsible for major pandemics affecting the shrimp farming industry. shrimp samples were collected from eight farms in hainan province, china, during 2007 and analysed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or reverse transcriptase pcr methods to determine the prevalence of these viruses. from the eight sampling locations, only samples from one farm di ... | 2009 | 19490390 |
| a quick fuse and the emergence of taura syndrome virus. | over the last two decades, taura syndrome virus (tsv) has emerged as a major pathogen in penaeid shrimp aquaculture and has caused substantial economic loss. the disease was first discovered in ecuador in 1991, and the virus is now globally distributed with the greatest concentration of infections in the americas and southeast asia. to determine the evolutionary history of this virus, we constructed a phylogeny containing 83 tsv isolates from 16 countries sampled over a 16-year period. this phyl ... | 2009 | 19524995 |
| development and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against taura syndrome virus. | we produced a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) from the fusion of taura syndrome virus variants from belize (tsv-bz) immunized balb/cj mouse spleen cells and non-immunoglobulin secreting sp2/0 mouse myeloma cells. one antibody, 2c4, showed strong specificity and sensitivity for tsv in dot-blot immunoassay and immunohistochemistry (ihc) analysis. the mab reacted against native tsv-bz, tsv variants from sinaloa, mexico (tsv-si) and tsv variants from hawaii (tsv-hi) in dot-blot immunoassay. by ... | 2009 | 19602090 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) is a novel, sensitive and rapid method for amplification of nucleic acids under isothermal conditions. in this report, a lamp method was developed for detection of penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (pemonpv), known previously as monodon baculovirus (mbv), using a set of six primers designed to specifically recognize the pemonpv polyhedrin gene. the optimized time and temperature conditions for the lamp assay were 60 min at 63 degrees c. the sensit ... | 2009 | 19703492 |
| a major snp resource for dissection of phenotypic and genetic variation in pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei). | bioinformatics and re-sequencing approaches were used for the discovery of sequence polymorphisms in litopenaeus vannamei. a total of 1221 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) were identified in a pool of individuals from various commercial populations. a set of 211 snps were selected for further molecular validation and 88% showed variation in 637 samples representing three commercial breeding lines. an association analysis was performed between these markers and several traits of ec ... | 2010 | 19799596 |
| improved sensitivity of taura syndrome virus immunodetection with a monoclonal antibody against the recombinant vp2 capsid protein. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) is one of the major pathogens causing mortality in the whiteleg shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei. in this study, the gene sequence encoding the vp2 capsid protein (40 kda) of tsv was cloned into pmal-c2 expression vector. five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced against the vp2 capsid protein, which was expressed heterologously in the form of a fusion protein with maltose binding protein and called mbp-vp2. all mabs belonged to the igg1 subclass and could bind mbp-v ... | 2010 | 19914291 |
| characterization of a taura syndrome virus isolate originating from the 2004 texas epizootic in cultured shrimp. | a comprehensive investigation of the taura syndrome virus (tsv) isolate that caused epizootics in shrimp farms in texas in 2004 (texas isolate) revealed that this virus was more virulent in laboratory bioassays than the tsv reference isolate, hawaii 1994, causing severe symptom development and rapid mortality. histopathology of moribund animals demonstrated epithelial necrosis within the stomach, appendages, general body cuticle and gills, and the surviving animals demonstrated moderate to numer ... | 2010 | 20049618 |
| hyperthermia does not protect kona stock penaeus vannamei against infection by a taura syndrome virus isolate from belize. | this study evaluated the susceptibility of penaeus vannamei, kona stock-line, to infection by an isolate of taura syndrome virus from belize (tsv-bz) under hyperthermic conditions (32 degrees c). shrimp exposed to the reference hawaii-94 isolate of tsv (tsv-hi) showed resistance to infection at 32 degrees c as demonstrated by the absence of mortality, histopathological lesions and decreased viral load by qpcr. however, at 32 degrees c, shrimp were fully susceptible to the disease caused by tsv-b ... | 2010 | 20225676 |
| knocking down a taura syndrome virus (tsv) binding protein lamr is lethal for the whiteleg shrimp penaeus vannamei. | a cdna encoding a laminin receptor protein (lamr) has been isolated from hemocytes of the pacific white shrimp penaeus (litopenaeus) vannamei (pv), based on primers designed from a previously published lamr sequence of a taura syndrome virus (tsv) binding protein of the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon (pm). the deduced amino acid sequence of pvlamr shares 97% identity with pmlamr and has significant homology to laminin receptors and ribosomal protein p40 from various organisms. tissue distrib ... | 2010 | 20451618 |
| the transcriptomic response to viral infection of two strains of shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei). | the extent to which data-intensive studies of the transcriptome can provide insight into biological responses is not well defined, especially in the case of species (such as shrimp) where much physiological and biochemical knowledge is missing. in this study we took a transcriptomic approach to gain insight into the response to viral infection of two strains of the pacific whiteleg shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) that differ in their resistance to taura syndrome virus (tsv). changes in gene expres ... | 2010 | 20955731 |
| detection of infectious myonecrosis virus using monoclonal antibody specific to n and c fragments of the capsid protein expressed heterologously. | the gene encoding the capsid protein in orf1 of the genome of infectious myonecrosis virus (imnv) (genbank ay570982) was amplified into three parts named cp-n (nucleotides 2248-3045), cp-i (nucleotides 3046-3954) and cp-c (nucleotides 3955-4953). the cp-n fragment was inserted into expression vector ptyb1 while cp-i and cp-c were each inserted into expression vector pgex-6p-1 for transformation of bl21 e. coli strain. after induction, intein-cp-n (84 kda), glutathione-s-transferase (gst)-cp-i (6 ... | 2010 | 21029750 |
| multiplication of taura syndrome virus in primary hemocyte culture of shrimp (penaeus vannamei). | the propagation of taura syndrome virus (tsv) in primary hemocyte culture of pacific white shrimp (penaeus vannamei) was investigated. purified tsv was inoculated into a 24 h old primary hemocyte culture and the development of cytopathic effects was monitored. the cell morphology started changing within 6 h post-inoculation; tsv-infected hemocytes started shrinking and granular structures began to form on the cell surface. there was a gradual loss of cell viability and, by 48 h post-inoculation, ... | 2010 | 21192980 |
| prevalence of three shrimp viruses in zhejiang province in 2008. | white spot syndrome virus (wssv), taura syndrome virus (tsv) and infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihhnv) are three shrimp viruses responsible for major pandemics affecting the shrimp farming industry. shrimps samples were collected from 12 farms in zhejiang province, china, in 2008 and analyzed by pcr to determine the prevalence of these viruses. from the 12 sampling locations, 8 farms were positive for wssv, 8 for ihhnv and 6 for both wssv and ihhnv. an average percentag ... | 2011 | 21331893 |
| [development of rapid detection of infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification]. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay is a novel method of gene amplification with high specificity, sensitivity and rapidity, which can be applied for disease diagnosis in shrimp aquaculture. the method is performed under isothermal conditions with a set of four specially designed primers that recognize six distinct sequences of the target. in the present study, according to the conservative regions of non-structural protein gene ns1, a set of four specific primers were designed, ... | 2010 | 21344755 |
| inhibition of taura syndrome virus replication in litopenaeus vannamei through silencing the lvrab7 gene using double-stranded rna. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) is a major cause of high mortality in pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei, lv). previously, silencing of penaeus monodon rab7 (pmrab7) by injecting double-stranded rna corresponding to pmrab7 (dsrna-pmrab7) prevented white spot syndrome virus or yellow head virus infection. rab7 is proposed to be involved in intracellular trafficking of the viruses. this study aimed to investigate whether knockdown of rab7 in l. vannamei by dsrna-pmrab7 could inhibit replication ... | 2011 | 21347841 |
| taura syndrome virus loads in litopenaeus vannamei hemolymph following infection are related to differential mortality. | taura syndrome is an economically important disease that can cause catastrophic losses of farmed shrimp. without effective treatments for taura syndrome virus (tsv), one approach to managing the problem is to selectively breed shrimp populations with increased disease resistance. to better understand why some shrimp can survive exposure to tsv, information is needed on how viral loads progress and persist following infection. data reported here show that mortalities occurring mostly within 1 wk ... | 2010 | 21387988 |
| shrimp laminin receptor binds with capsid proteins of two additional shrimp rna viruses yhv and imnv. | laminin receptor (lamr) in shrimp was previously proposed to be a potential receptor protein for taura syndrome virus (tsv) based on yeast two-hybrid assays. since shrimp lamr bound to the vp1 capsid protein of tsv, we were interested to know whether capsid/envelope proteins from other shrimp viruses would also bind to lamr. thus, capsid/envelope encoding genes from 5 additional shrimp viruses were examined. these were penaeus stylirostris densovirus (pstdnv), white spot syndrome virus (wssv), i ... | 2011 | 21414409 |
| quantitative genetics of taura syndrome resistance in pacific white shrimp (penaeus vannamei): a cure model approach. | in aquaculture breeding, resistance against infectious diseases is commonly assessed as time until death under exposure to a pathogen. for some diseases, a fraction of the individuals may appear as "cured" (non-susceptible), and the resulting survival time may thus be a result of two confounded underlying traits, i.e., endurance (individual hazard) and susceptibility (whether at risk or not), which may be accounted for by fitting a cure survival model. we applied a cure model to survival data of ... | 2011 | 21418636 |
| detection of shrimp taura syndrome virus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification using a designed portable multi-channel turbidimeter. | in this study, a portable turbidimetric end-point detection method was devised and tested for the detection of taura syndrome virus (tsv) using spectroscopic measurement of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) by-product: magnesium pyrophosphate (mg(2)p(2)o(7)). the device incorporated a heating block that maintained an optimal temperature of 63°c for the duration of the rt-lamp reaction. turbidity of the rt-lamp by-product was measured when light from a light-emitting diode (led) pas ... | 2011 | 21619895 |
| parasitic crustaceans as vectors of viruses, with an emphasis on three penaeid viruses. | parasitic crustaceans serve as both hosts and vectors of viruses as well as of parasites and other microbial pathogenic agents. few of the presumably numerous associations are known, but many can be anticipated. recently, branchiurans and gnathiid isopods have been documented to host helminths and blood parasites. because the agents can be observed readily with a microscope, these are better recognized than are the smaller viral, bacterial, and fungal agents. some agents are harmful to the host ... | 2009 | 21669853 |
| in vitro cultivation of shrimp taura syndrome virus (tsv) in a c6/36 mosquito cell line. | | 2011 | 21883282 |
| Multiplex real-time PCR and high-resolution melting analysis for detection of white spot syndrome virus, yellow-head virus, and Penaeus monodon densovirus in penaeid shrimp. | A multiplex real-time PCR and high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis was developed to detect simultaneously three of the major viruses of penaeid shrimp including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow-head virus (YHV), and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV). Plasmids containing DNA/cDNA fragments of WSSV and YHV, and genomic DNAs of PmDNV and normal shrimp were used to test sensitivity of the procedure. Without the need of any probe, the products were identified by HRM analysis after real-tim ... | 2011 | 21906627 |
| Effects of endosulfan exposure and Taura Syndrome Virus infection on the survival and molting of the marine penaeid shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. | Molting in crustaceans is an important endocrine-controlled biological process that plays a critical role in growth and reproduction. Many factors can affect this physiological cycle in crustaceans including environmental stressors and disease agents. For example the pathology of Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) of shrimp is closely related to molting cycle. Similarly, endosulfan, a commonly used pesticide is a potential endocrine disruptor. This study explores interrelationships between pesticide exp ... | 2011 | 22119282 |
| epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of taura syndrome virus in cultured pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei b. in taiwan. | taura syndrome virus (tsv) has spread worldwide, causing significant economic losses since taura syndrome was first described in ecuador in 1992. to determine the prevalence and impact of tsv infection on the shrimp farming industry in taiwan, pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei b. were collected from 220 farms between 2004 and 2006 for viral detection by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. data showed that the overall tsv prevalence rate was 20% (43/220 farms). comparing shri ... | 2011 | 22235591 |
| transcriptome analysis of pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) hepatopancreas in response to taura syndrome virus (tsv) experimental infection. | the pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei, is a worldwide cultured crustacean species with important commercial value. over the last two decades, taura syndrome virus (tsv) has seriously threatened the shrimp aquaculture industry in the western hemisphere. to better understand the interaction between shrimp immune and tsv, we performed a transcriptome analysis in the hepatopancreas of l. vannamei challenged with tsv, using the 454 pyrosequencing (roche) technology. | 2013 | 23469011 |
| ictv virus taxonomy profile: dicistroviridae. | dicistroviridae is a family of small non-enveloped viruses with monopartite, linear, positive-sense rna genomes of approximately 8-10 kb. viruses of all classified species infect arthropod hosts, with some having devastating economic consequences, such as acute bee paralysis virus in domesticated honeybees and taura syndrome virus in shrimp farming. conversely, the host specificity and other desirable traits exhibited by several members of this group make them potential natural enemies for inten ... | 2017 | 28366189 |
| improved immunodetection of taura syndrome virus using a monoclonal antibody specific for heterologously expressed vp1 capsid protein. | vp1, a gene encoding one of the capsid proteins of taura syndrome virus, was cloned into the pgex-6p-1 expression vector, and the resulting construct was then used to transform e. coli strain bl21. after induction, an n-terminally glutathione-s-transferase-tagged vp1 (gst-vp1) protein with a molecular mass of 80 kda was obtained. this protein was purified by sds-page and used for immunization of swiss mice for monoclonal antibody (mab) production. three mabs specific for the vp1 protein were sel ... | 2013 | 22972680 |
| host and virus protein interaction studies in understanding shrimp virus gene function. | protein-protein interaction studies have been widely used in several fields to characterize an unknown protein. this in turn helps to find out several pathways to understand a complex mechanism or discover a drug for treatment. among the methods, yeast two-hybrid has widely been used in human, animal and plant research studies. this aspect of research has also been found useful in understanding the shrimp virus gene function. with respect to white spot syndrome virus, interaction studies have be ... | 2012 | 23997442 |
| a novel method of real-time reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification developed for rapid and quantitative detection of a new genotype (yhv-8) of yellow head virus. | a new genotype of yellow head virus (yhv), designated as yhv-8, was found in farmed shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis suffering suspectedly from ems/ahpns (early mortality disease/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease) in china in 2012. in this study, a one-step, real-time reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rrt-lamp) assay was developed for better detection of both genotypes of yhv-1 and yhv-8. a set of six specific primers was successfully designed targeting a conserv ... | 2016 | 27221155 |
| ensemble cryo-em uncovers inchworm-like translocation of a viral ires through the ribosome. | internal ribosome entry sites (iress) mediate cap-independent translation of viral mrnas. using electron cryo-microscopy of a single specimen, we present five ribosome structures formed with the taura syndrome virus ires and translocase eef2•gtp bound with sordarin. the structures suggest a trajectory of ires translocation, required for translation initiation, and provide an unprecedented view of eef2 dynamics. the ires rearranges from extended to bent to extended conformations. this inchworm-li ... | 2016 | 27159452 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel dicistrovirus associated with moralities of the great freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. | the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an economically important crustacean and is farmed in many countries. since 2009, a larval mortality syndrome of m. rosenbergii has broken out and spread widely in the main breeding area, including zhejiang, jiangsu, guangxi, and guangdong provinces in mainland china. a novel virus, named macrobrachium rosenbergii taihu virus (mrtv), was isolated from the moribund larvae and was determined to be the causative agent of the m. rosenbergii l ... | 2016 | 26848659 |
| [rapid detection of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus isolated in china by a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick method]. | white coloration of the muscle of the giant river prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii) is a serious problem in china. the macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) has been confirmed to be the pathogen that causes this disorder. to develop a rapid, sensitive and specific technology for the detection of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus isolated from china (mrnv-china), a reverse-transcription loop- mediated isothermal amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick (rt-lamp-lfd) assay ... | 2014 | 25562958 |
| identification of genes involved in taura syndrome virus resistance in litopenaeus vannamei. | abstract the goal of the present research was to identify the genes that are differentially expressed between two lineages of pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei displaying different susceptibilities to taura syndrome virus (tsv) and to understand the molecular pathways involved in resistance to the disease. an oligonucleotide microarray was constructed and used to identify several genes that were differentially expressed in the two l. vannamei lineages following infection with tsv. indivi ... | 2014 | 25229483 |
| establishment of a sensitive and specific hyper-branched rolling circle amplification assay and test strip for tsv. | a specific padlock probe (plp) and detection probe were designed to target the capsid protein gene of taura syndrome virus (tsv), and a hyper-branched rolling circle amplification (hrca) assay and a corresponding strip-based test were produced. the reaction time and temperature were optimized for both. the plps were linked with the target sequence via t4 dna ligase under conditions of 37°c for 30 min, followed by reaction with bst dna polymerase large fragment at 61°c for 30 min, and then the te ... | 2014 | 25196450 |
| taura syndrome virus ires initiates translation by binding its trna-mrna-like structural element in the ribosomal decoding center. | in cap-dependent translation initiation, the open reading frame (orf) of mrna is established by the placement of the aug start codon and initiator trna in the ribosomal peptidyl (p) site. internal ribosome entry sites (iress) promote translation of mrnas in a cap-independent manner. we report two structures of the ribosome-bound taura syndrome virus (tsv) ires belonging to the family of dicistroviridae intergenic iress. intersubunit rotational states differ in these structures, suggesting that r ... | 2014 | 24927574 |
| immunological-based assays for specific detection of shrimp viruses. | among shrimp viral pathogens, white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and yellow head virus (yhv) are the most lethal agents, causing serious problems for both the whiteleg shrimp, penaeus (litopenaeus) vannamei, and the black tiger shrimp, penaeus (penaeus) monodon. another important virus that infects p. vannamei is infectious myonecrosis virus (imnv), which induces the white discoloration of affected muscle. in the cases of taura syndrome virus and penaeus stylirostris densovirus (pstdnv; formerly k ... | 2014 | 24567913 |
| association of dual viral infection with mortality of pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) in culture ponds in india. | pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei has been introduced recently for culture practice in india. though spf stocks are imported for larval production and thereafter culture practice, these are prone to infection with the existing viruses in the environment. here we report mortality of l.vannamei in several farms in india with minimum biosecurity. the shrimp were harvested early within 50-72 days of culture due to the onset of disease and consequent mortality. as per the analysis carried ou ... | 2014 | 24426311 |
| shrimp viral diseases, import risk assessment and international trade. | shrimp is an important commodity in international trade accounting for 15 % in terms of value of internationally traded seafood products which reached $102.00 billion in 2008. aquaculture contributes to over 50 % of global shrimp production. one of the major constraints faced by shrimp aquaculture is the loss due to viral diseases like white spot syndrome, yellow head disease, and taura syndrome. there are several examples of global spread of shrimp diseases due to importation of live shrimp for ... | 2012 | 23997438 |
| genomic organization of the cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase gene from the pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei, and its response to thermal stress. | cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase (cmnsod) is an important antioxidant enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of superoxides to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide in several organisms. in the pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei, three cmnsod genes (lvcmnsod1-3) have previously been characterized. here, the genomic structure of lvcmnsod2 and its mrna expression in response to thermal stress was examined. analysis of the nucleotide sequence demonstrated that lvcmnsod2 is comprised of 2392 b ... | 2013 | 23994278 |
| rna-seq analysis reveals genes associated with resistance to taura syndrome virus (tsv) in the pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei. | outbreak of taura syndrome virus (tsv) is one of the major pathogens of the pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei. although selective breeding for improvement of tsv resistance in l. vannamei has been successfully developed and has led to a great benefit to the shrimp farming industry worldwide. the molecular mechanisms underlying the viral resistance in shrimp remain largely unknown. in the present study, we conducted the first transcriptomic profiling of host responses in hemolymph and hem ... | 2013 | 23921257 |
| selection of vibrio harveyi-resistant litopenaeus vannamei via a three-round challenge selection with a pathogenic strain of v. harveyi. | to obtain vibrio harveyi-resistant litopenaeus vannamei shrimp used for study on immune response of shrimp avoid vibriosis, a three-round challenge selection procedure was applied. in this procedure, resistant shrimp were selected gradually via three rounds challenge experiment with a pathogenic strain of v. harveyi at a median and controllable lethal dose of 96-h ld50 (the median lethal dose). after this procedure, the cumulative mortality of selected shrimp during 96 h after injection of v. ha ... | 2013 | 23665547 |
| pathogenicity and complete genome sequence analysis of the mud crab dicistrovirus-1. | a virus with a particle diameter of approximately 30 nm and no envelope was purified from diseased mud crab, scylla paramamosain and it was demonstrated to be pathogenic to mud crab. the complete nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that its genome was a single molecule of linear positive-sense ssrna with a length of 10,415 nucleotides, excluding the 3'poly (a) tail. it consisted of two open reading frames (orf) separated by an intergenic region (igr) and flanked by a 5'untranslated region (5' ... | 2013 | 23073178 |
| characterization of a new strain of taura syndrome virus (tsv) from colombian shrimp farms and the implication in the selection of tsv resistant lines. | prior to 2004, colombian shrimp farming benefited from a selection program in which penaeus vannamei stocks were developed with resistance to taura syndrome disease (ts). however since 2004, ts reappeared as a significant disease. in 2010, an apparently new strain of tsv (designated as co 10) was collected in colombia. its genome was sequenced and compared with six other fully sequenced isolates. this analysis revealed that the tsv co 10 is closely related to the isolates from hawaii and venezue ... | 2013 | 23022573 |
| new genotypes of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and taura syndrome virus (tsv) from the kingdom of saudi arabia. | white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and taura syndrome virus (tsv) are highly pathogenic to penaeid shrimp and have caused significant economic losses in the shrimp culture industry around the world. during 2010 and 2011, both wssv and tsv were found in saudi arabia, where they caused severe mortalities in cultured indian white shrimp penaeus indicus. most outbreaks of shrimp viruses in production facilities can be traced to the importation of infected stocks or commodity shrimp. in an attempt to d ... | 2012 | 22832716 |