| fish tissue quality in the lower mississippi river and health risks from fish consumption. | between 1990 and 1994, samples of three shellfish species (i.e. blue crab, callinectes sapidus;crayfish, procambarus acutis; and river shrimp, macrobrachium ohionii) and 16 fish species and were collected at six sites along the lower mississippi river by the louisiana department of environmental quality, office of water resources in coordination with the us environmental protection agency. the fish species included: bigmouth buffalo (ictiobus cyanellus); blue catfish (ictalurus furcatus); carp ( ... | 2003 | 12526903 |
| genetic and antigenic analysis of betanodaviruses isolated from aquatic organisms in taiwan. | viral nervous necrosis (vnn) is a worldwide disease among marine fishes. in taiwan, nnn disease was first identified in 2 species of hatchery-reared grouper, epinephelus fuscogutatus and e. akaaya in 1994. since then, increasing mortalities have occurred among groupers epinephelus spp., and also among european eels anguilla anguilla l., yellow-wax pompano trachinotus falcatus, firespot snapper lutaanus erythropterus b., barramundi lates calcarifer, cobias rachycentron canadum, humpback groupers ... | 2003 | 13677508 |
| virulence of photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida in cultured cobia rachycentron canadum. | an outbreak of serious mortality among the cultured cobia rachycentron canadum (weighing 3 kg) characterized by the presence of whitish granulomatous deposits on the kidney, liver and spleen occurred in july of 2000 in taiwan. a non-motile strain cp1 was isolated from kidney and/or liver on tryptic soy agar and/or brain heart infusion agar plates (both supplemented with 1% nacl, w/v). this strain was characterized and identified as photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida using biochemical chara ... | 2003 | 14625900 |
| simple and rapid detection of photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida by a pcr technique and plating method. | to detect photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida using the pcr technique and plating method. | 2003 | 14633013 |
| isolation and characterization of pathogenic vibrio alginolyticus from diseased cobia rachycentron canadum. | outbreaks of serious mortality among cultured juvenile cobia rachycentron canadum l. (weighing 8-10 g) characterized by lethargy, dark skin and ascites in the peritoneal cavity while some fish possessing damaged eyes occurred in july and august of 2001 in taiwan. fifteen motile bacterial strains were isolated from head kidney and/or the ascites on tryptic soy agar supplemented with 1% nacl (tsa1) and/or thiosulphate citrate bile salt (tcbs) sucrose agar plates during the two outbreaks. all the i ... | 2004 | 14768024 |
| a mannose-specific tetrameric lectin with mitogenic and antibacterial activities from the ovary of a teleost, the cobia (rachycentron canadum). | a tetrameric lectin, with hemagglutinating activity toward rabbit erythrocytes and with specificity toward d-mannosamine and d(+)-mannose, was isolated from the ovaries of a teleost, the cobia rachycentron canadum. the isolation protocol comprised ion exchange chromatography on cm-cellulose and q-sepharose, ion exchange chromatography by fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) on mono q, and finally gel filtration by fplc on superose 12. the lectin was adsorbed on all ion exchangers used. it e ... | 2007 | 17109173 |
| developmental expression of the g protein-coupled receptor 54 and three gnrh mrnas in the teleost fish cobia. | the cdnas of the g protein-coupled receptor 54 (gpr54) and three prepro-gonadotropin-releasing hormones, gnrh-i (seabream gnrh), gnrh-ii (chicken gnrh-ii), and gnrh-iii (salmon gnrh) were isolated and cloned from the brain of the teleost fish cobia, rachycentron canadum. the cobia gpr54 cdna was 95 and 51-56% identical to those of tilapia and mammalian models respectively. the gnrh cdna sequences of cobia showed strong identities to those of tilapia, atlantic croaker, red drum, and the seabass a ... | 2007 | 17293443 |
| [inverse pcr amplification of the complete major capsid protein gene of lymphocystis disease virus isolated from rachycentron canadum and the phylogenetic analysis of the virus]. | the major capsid protein of lymphocystis disease virus isolated from rachycentron canadum (lcdv-rc) was amplified and analysed. the 457bp dna core fragment was amplified with the degenerate primers designed according to the conserved sequences of mcp gene of iridoviruses, then the flaking sequences adjacent to the core region were amplified by inverse pcr, and the complete sequence was obtained by combining all of them. the open reading frame of the gene is 1380bp in length, encoding a putative ... | 2007 | 17969861 |
| establishment, characterization, virus susceptibility and transfection of cell lines from cobia, rachycentron canadum (l.), brain and fin. | establishment and characterization of two cobia, rachycentron canadum, cell lines derived from cobia brain (cb) and cobia fin (cf) are described. caudal fin and brain from juvenile cobia were dissociated for 30 and 10 min, respectively, in phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.25% trypsin at 25 degrees c. the optimal culture condition for both dissociated cells (primary cell culture) was at 28 degrees c in leibovitz-15 medium containing 10% foetal bovine serum. the cells have been sub-cultured ... | 2010 | 19925591 |
| anisakis simplex (nematoda: anisakidae) third-stage larval infections of marine cage cultured cobia, rachycentron canadum l., in taiwan. | the first confirmed case of anisakis simplex infection of the marine cage cobia, rachycentron canadum (l.), was recorded in taiwan. the case investigation revealed the presence of third-stage larvae (l3) in either the stomach lumen or abdominal cavity of the cobia but never within the musculatures. larvae were mainly encapsulated in the peritoneal mesentery on the outer surface of the stomach wall and occasionally on the liver surface. part of the diet fed to the cobia includes chopped raw fish, ... | 2010 | 20400227 |
| purification of a toxic metalloprotease produced by the pathogenic photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida isolated from cobia (rachycentron canadum). | the aim of the present study was to purify and characterize a toxic protease secreted by the pathogenic photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida strain cp1 originally isolated from diseased cobia (rachycentron canadum). the toxin isolated by anion exchange chromatography, was a metalloprotease, inhibited by l-cysteine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta), ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid (egta), 1,10-phenanthroline, n-tosyl-l-phenylalanine-chloromethyl keto ... | 2011 | 21812347 |
| analysis of the genetic diversity of the lymphocystis virus and its evolutionary relationship with its hosts. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease. in this study, the mcp gene of lcdv and the cyt b gene of the host fish were selected as molecular markers, and the phylogenetic relationships between lcdv and its host were analyzed. the 25 lcdv isolates examined in this study were attributed to seven lcdv genotypes: genotype i (lcdv-1), genotype ii (lcdv-cn, etc.), genotype iii (lcdv-rf), genotype iv (lcdv-rc and lcdv-sb), genotype v (lcdv-cb), genotype vi (lcdv- ... | 2011 | 21805162 |
| effects of dietary chitosan and bacillus subtilis on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and disease resistance of cobia, rachycentron canadum. | the present study was performed to investigate the effects of various levels of dietary bacillus subtilis and chitosan on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and protection against vibrio harveyi infection in cobia, rachycentron canadum. fish were fed with the control diet and six different experimental diets containing three graded levels of b. subtilis at 2 +ù 10(10) cfu g(-1) (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 g kg(-1) diet) for each of two levels of chitosan (3.0 and 6.0 g kg(-1) diet). the results of ... | 2011 | 21693191 |
| identification of a cobia (rachycentron canadum) cc chemokine gene and its involvement in the inflammatory response. | the chemokines regulate immune cell migration under inflammatory and physiological conditions. we investigated a cc chemokine gene (rccc1) from cobia (rachycentron canadum). the full-length rccc1 cdna is comprised 673 nucleotides and encodes a four-cysteine arrangement 99-amino-acid protein typical of known cc chemokines. the genomic dna of rccc1 consists of three exons and two introns. phylogenetic analysis showed that rccc1 was closest to the mip group of cc chemokines. quantitative real-time ... | 2012 | 22015783 |
| First record of Neobenedenia melleni (Monogenea: Capsalidae) in sea-farmed cobia (Rachycentron canadum) in Brazil. | Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum, 1927) (Monogenea) is a widespread pathogen in marine teleost cultures all over the world. The present paper reports this parasite species in farmed cobia (Rachycentron canadum) in Brazil, for the first time. Some comments on preventive actions for avoiding the disease are made. | 2011 | 22166389 |
| biochemical characterization of a phospholipase a2 from photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida. | photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (phdp) is the causative agent of fish photobacteriosis (pasteurellosis) in cultured cobia (rachycentron canadum) in taiwan. a component was purified from the extracellular products (ecp) of the bacterium strain 9205 by fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) and identified as a phospholipase. an n-terminal sequence of 10 amino acid residues, qdqpnldpgk, was determined by mass spectroscopy (ms) and found to be identical with that of another phdp phosphol ... | 2014 | 24601085 |
| outbreak of mortality among cage-reared cobia (rachycentron canadum) associated with parasitism. | this study reports a disease outbreak among juvenile cobia (rachycentron canadum) farmed in cages in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil, caused by the dinoflagellate amyloodinium ocellatum and the monogenean neobenedenia melleni. two thousand five hundred fish were stocked at 0.4 kg/m3 in a set of 12 m3 tanks, in autumn (mean weight 15.0 ± 7.3 g) and in winter (mean weight 43.0 ± 5.6 g). freshwater baths were administered as a routine treatment, as the symptoms were detected followed by two col ... | 2014 | 24473886 |
| diet supplementation of pediococcus pentosaceus in cobia (rachycentron canadum) enhances growth rate, respiratory burst and resistance against photobacteriosis. | cobia (rachycentron canadum) is an economically important fish species for aquaculture in tropical and sub-tropical areas. cobia aquaculture industry has severely damaged due to photobacteriosis caused by photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (pdp), especially in taiwan. antibiotics and vaccines have been applied to control pdp infection, but the efficacy has been inconsistent. one species of lactic acid bacteria, pediococcus pentosaceus strain 4012 (lab 4012), was isolated from the intestine ... | 2013 | 23916590 |
| first report of isolation and characterization of photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from cage-farmed cobia (rachycentron canadum). | | 2016 | 27696450 |
| the effect of tlr9 agonist cpg oligodeoxynucleotides on the intestinal immune response of cobia (rachycentron canadum). | cytosine-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (cpg odn) motifs of bacterial dna are recognized through toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) and are potent activators of innate immunity. however, the interaction between tlr9 and cpg odn in aquatic species has not been well characterized. hence, cobia tlr9 isoform b (rctlr9b) was cloned and its expression and induction in intestine were investigated. rctlr9b cdna consists of 3113bp encoding 1009 amino acids containing three regions, leucine rich repeats, transmemb ... | 2014 | 24991578 |
| identification and expression analysis of cobia (rachycentron canadum) toll-like receptor 9 gene. | cobia culture is hindered by bacterial infection (photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida) and in order to study the effect of p. damselae subsp. piscicida challenge and cpg odn stimulation on cobia toll like receptor 9 (rctlr9), we used pcr to clone rctlr9 gene and qrt-pcr to quantify gene expression. the results indicated that rctlr9 cdna contains 3141 bp. it encodes 1047 amino acids containing 16 typical structures of leucine-rich repeats (lrrs) including an lrrtyp, lrrct and a motif involve ... | 2014 | 24378677 |
| evaluating the protective efficacy of antigen combinations against photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida infections in cobia, rachycentron canadum l. | cobia, rachycentron canadum l., is a very important aquatic fish that faces the risk of infection with the bacterial pathogen photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida, and there are few protective approaches available that use multiple antigens. in the present study, potent bivalent antigens from p. damselae ssp. piscicida showed more efficient protection than did single antigens used in isolation. in preparations of three antigens that included recombinant heat shock protein 60 (rhsp60), recombin ... | 2014 | 24206018 |
| purification and characterization of a phospholipase by photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida from cobia rachycentron canadum. | toxicity of the extracellular products (ecps) and the lethal attributes of phospholipase secreted by pathogenic photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida from cobia rachycentron canadum was studied. an extracellular lethal toxin in the ecps was partially purified by using fast protein liquid chromatography system. a protein band (27 kda) exhibited phospholipase activity on native-page (by 0.3% egg yolk agar-overlay), was excised and eluted. the pi value of the purified phospholipase was determine ... | 2014 | 23787821 |
| antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae, isolated from seafood. | the objectives of our study is to determinate the antibiotic susceptibility of this organism to different antibiotics to determine the discriminatory power of the molecular typing methods. | 2013 | 23230901 |
| genetic characteristics of streptococcus dysgalactiae isolated from cage cultured cobia, rachycentron canadum (l.). | disease outbreaks occurred during 2007-2013 in taiwan with 2.5-10% mortality among the cage cultured cobia, rachycentron canadum (l.), characterized by the presence of polyserositis, pericarditis and peritonitis. the micro-organisms isolated from internal organs were gram-positive cocci. the isolates were confirmed as streptococcus dysgalactiae by a polymerase chain reaction assay that yielded the expected specific 259 bp amplicon. additionally, partial sequence of the 16s-23s rdna intergenic sp ... | 2015 | 25087459 |
| [characterization and transcriptional analysis of a new cc chemokine associated with innate imimune response in cobia (rachycentron canadum)]. | chemokines are small, secreted cytokine peptides, known principally for their ability to induce migration and activation of leukocyte populations under both pathological and physiological conditions. on the basis of previously constructed express sequence tags (ests) of the head kidney and spleen cdna library of the perciform marine fish rachycentron canadum (common name cobia). we used bi-directional rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) and obtained a full-length cdna of a new cc chemokine g ... | 2013 | 23888775 |
| identification and expression analysis of a cc chemokine from cobia (rachycentron canadum). | chemokines are small, secreted cytokine peptides known principally for their ability to induce migration and activation of leukocyte populations and regulate the immune response mechanisms. the cobia (rachycentron canadum), a marine finfish species, has a great potential for net cage aquaculture in the south china sea. we isolated and characterized a cc chemokine cdna from cobia-designated rccc2. its cdna is 783 bp in length and encodes a putative protein of 110 amino acids. homology and phyloge ... | 2013 | 22955963 |
| effect of dietary vitamin c on the growth performance and innate immunity of juvenile cobia (rachycentron canadum). | this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin c on growth performance, hematologic parameters and innate immune responses in juvenile cobia, rachycentron canadum. seven practical diets were formulated to contain 0.0 (as the basal diet), 13.6, 27.2, 54.4, 96.6, 193.4 and 386.5 mg ascorbic acid equivalent kg(-1) diet. each diet was fed to triplicate groups of juvenile cobia with initial body weight of 5.5 g in 500-l cylindrical fiberglass tank. the results of 8 weeks feeding ... | 2012 | 22366311 |
| characterization of catalytic efficiency parameters of brain cholinesterases in tropical fish. | brain cholinesterases from four fish (arapaima gigas, colossoma macropomum, rachycentron canadum and oreochromis niloticus) were characterized using specific substrates and selective inhibitors. parameters of catalytic efficiency such as activation energy (ae), k(cat) and k(cat)/k(m) as well as rate enhancements produced by these enzymes were estimated by a method using crude extracts described here. despite the bche-like activity, specific substrate kinetic analysis pointed to the existence of ... | 2014 | 24980148 |
| comparative effect of pesticides on brain acetylcholinesterase in tropical fish. | monitoring of pesticides based on acetylcholinesterase (ache; ec 3.1.1.7) inhibition in vitro avoids interference of detoxification defenses and bioactivation of some of those compounds in non-target tissues. moreover, environmental temperature, age and stress are able to affect specific enzyme activities when performing in vivo studies. few comparative studies have investigated the inter-specific differences in ache activity in fish. screening studies allow choosing the suitable species as sour ... | 2012 | 23137979 |
| a case study on the mortality of cobia (rachycentron canadum) cultured in traditional cages. | the mass mortality of cobia (rachycentron canadum) within 2-3 days was reported by 3 private farms in bukit tambun, pulau pinang, in february and march 2007. only cobia with body weights of 3-4 kg were affected. most diseased cobia swam on the surface and displayed flashing behaviour. all samples were positive for viral nervous necrosis (vnn) with low to medium levels of infection. infestations by leeches (zeylanicobdella arugamensis), body monogeneans (benedenia sp.) and copepods (caligus sp.) ... | 2013 | 24575250 |
| bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor immobilized onto sepharose as a new strategy to purify a thermostable alkaline peptidase from cobia (rachycentron canadum) processing waste. | a thermostable alkaline peptidase was purified from the processing waste of cobia (rachycentron canadum) using bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (bpti) immobilized onto sepharose. the purified enzyme had an apparent molecular mass of 24kda by both sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and mass spectrometry. its optimal temperature and ph were 50°c and 8.5, respectively. the enzyme was thermostable until 55°c and its activity was strongly inhibited by the classic ... | 2016 | 27567377 |
| factors affecting toxicity test endpoints in sensitive life stages of native gulf of mexico species. | indigenous species are less commonly used in laboratory aquatic toxicity tests compared with standard test species due to (1) limited availability lack of requisite information necessary for their acclimation and maintenance under laboratory conditions and (2) lack of information on their sensitivity and the reproducibility of toxicity test results. as part of the natural resource damage assessment aquatic toxicity program in response to the deepwater horizon oil incident (2010), sensitive life ... | 2015 | 25563746 |
| rachycentron canadum (cobia) lectin promoted mitogenic response in mice balb/c splenocytes. | the mitogenic lectins are invaluable tools to study the biochemical changes associated with lymphocyte activation and proliferation of various immune cells. rachycentron canadum lectin (rcal) was detected and purified from serum of cobia fish. the aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferative response and cytokine production in splenocytes of mice in vitro stimulated with rcal lectin; canavalia ensiformis lectin (con a) was used as positive control. a high proliferation index was induced b ... | 2012 | 22946764 |
| species of stephanostomum looss, 1899 (digenea: acanthocolpidae) from fishes of australian and south pacific waters, including five new species. | nine species of stephanostomum are described from australian and southern pacific marine fishes: stephanostomum madhaviae n. sp. [syn. s. orientalis of madhavi (1976)] from caranx ignobilis, off hope island, queensland, with 30-34 circum-oral spines and vitelline fields almost reaching to the posterior extremity of the cirrus-sac; s. bicoronatum (stossich, 1883) from argyrosomus hololepidotus, off southport broadwater, queensland; s. votonimoli n. sp. from scomberoides lysan, off moorea, french ... | 2003 | 12878848 |
| dionchus postoncomiracidia (monogenea: dionchidae) from the skin of blacktip sharks, carcharhinus limbatus (carcharhinidae). | postoncomiracidia of dionchus sp. are described from specimens collected from the skin of 2 blacktip sharks carcharhinus limbatus, captured in the northern gulf of mexico. the parasites resemble nonciliated oncomiracidia hatched from eggs laid by dionchus sp. on gills of a cobia rachycentron canadum and adults of dionchus remorae that were collected from gills of a common sharksucker echeneis naucrates, captured in association with a third blacktip shark. the hamuli of the postoncomiracidia were ... | 2000 | 10780540 |
| preparation and characterisation of punica granatum pericarp aqueous extract loaded chitosan-collagen-starch membrane: role in wound healing process. | engineered scaffolds made from natural biomaterials are crucial elements in tissue engineering strategies. in this study, biological scaffold like chitosan-collagen-starch membrane (ccsm) loaded with the antibacterial agent, punica granatum pericarp aqueous extract was explored for enhanced regeneration of epithelial tissue during wound healing. collagen was extracted from rachycentron canadum fish skin. membranous scaffold was prepared by mixing collagen, starch and chitosan in a fixed proporti ... | 2015 | 25893391 |
| exuberant granulation tissue response associated with neobenedenia sp. (monogenea: capsalidae) infestation in two cobia, rachycentron canadum (linnaeus). | monogenean parasite infestations are common in captive marine teleosts, and are generally found on the skin and gills. this report describes an unusual pathological presentation of exuberant granulation tissue of the gills, suspected to be related to neobenedenia infestation in two cobia housed together at a north carolina aquarium. | 2016 | 25864868 |
| first record of tuxophorus caligodes (siphonostomatoida, tuxophoridae) in sea-farmed cobia, rachycentron canadum, in brazil. | the cobia is the only representative of the rachycentridae family and, because of its zootechnical qualities, production of this fish has been implemented in several countries, such as the united states, mexico and brazil. tuxophorus caligodes is a widespread parasite of marine fish worldwide. for the present report, 15 juvenile cobias were collected from net cages on a fish farm in ilhabela, state of são paulo, brazil, in the winter of 2011. the fish were sacrificed by means of cerebral concuss ... | 2013 | 23207984 |
| two new species of philometrids (nematoda: philometridae) from marine fishes off south carolina. | two new species of philometrid nematodes, philometra gymnothoracis n. sp. and philometroides marinus n. sp., are described from female specimens collected from the body cavity of the spotted moray, gymnothorax moringa (cuvier) (muraenidae, anguilliformes), and the cobia, rachycentron canadum (linnaeus) (rachycentridae, perciformes), respectively, from off the atlantic coast of south carolina. philometra gymnothoracis n. sp. is mainly characterized by the conspicuously depressed mouth, the presen ... | 2009 | 19115785 |
| psettarium anthicum sp. n. (digenea: sanguinicolidae) from the heart of cobia rachycentron canadum (rachycentridae) in the northern gulf of mexico. | psettarium anthicum sp. n. (digenea: sanguinicolidae) infects the myocardium and atrial wall of the cobia rachycentron canadum (linnaeus, 1766) (rachycentridae) in the northern gulf of mexico off mississippi, usa. it is the first member of psettarium goto et ozaki, 1930 reported from other than the indian ocean or pacific ocean and the second species of the genus reported from cobia. it differs from its congeners by the combination of having posterior caeca with lateral projections appearing as ... | 2006 | 16898125 |