| metal, mutagenicity, and biochemical studies on bivalve molluscs from spanish coasts. | three species of marine bivalve molluscs (chamelea gallina, ruditapes decussatus, and crassostrea gigas) have been studied in order to evaluate the levels of pollution on the south atlantic spanish littoral. several transition metals (cu, as, cd, sn, hg, pb) were determined as a general index of total contamination. animals from putative contaminated areas exhibited higher metal contents than those from cleaner waters. c. gigas showed 5-20-fold higher total metal content than the other two speci ... | 1992 | 1541252 |
| cryptosporidiumparvum oocysts in seawater clams (chameleagallina) in italy. | bivalves filter large volumes of water and can concentrate organisms which are pathogenic for humans and animals. our aim was to evaluate the presence of cryptosporidium spp. in clams from the adriatic coast (abruzzo region) and genetically characterize the oocysts isolated from the clams. from march to july 2003, 960 specimens of clams (chamelea gallina) present in nature were collected at 500 m from the tordino, tronto, vibrata and vomano river mouths on the adriatic sea. the haemolymph and ti ... | 2005 | 15907570 |
| detection of marteilia refringens using nested pcr and in situ hybridisation in chamelea gallina from the balearic islands (spain). | in the course of a histopathological survey performed to discover the cause of mass mortality of the striped clam chamelea gallina in the balearic islands (spain, mediterranean sea), we detected a marteilia-like parasite in 3 clams. molecular methods were applied to identify the parasite. dna extracted from a paraffin block was used to carry out a pcr assay for marteilia refringens detection based on a rdna sequence of the parasite (the intergenic spacer of ribosomal genes, igs). the nucleotide ... | 2008 | 19062756 |
| study of the efficacy of a closed cycle depuration system on bivalve molluscs. | the aim of this study was to develop and apply protocols for the microbiological depuration of bivalve molluscs (chamelea gallina and mitylus galloprovincialis). the study was divided into the following phases: preparation of two closed-circuit tanks fitted with mechanical, chemical and biological filtration systems for the depuration of bivalve molluscs, mollusc contamination and depuration, analyses of molluscs and depuration waters (biometric and microbiological tests) and statistical process ... | 2009 | 20391418 |
| chitinase of bacillus licheniformis from oyster shell as a probe to detect chitin in marine shells. | bacillus licheniformis cbfos-03 is a chitinase producing bacteria isolated from oyster (crassostrea gigas) shell waste. we have cloned and expressed the chi18b gene of b. licheniformis cbfos-03, which encodes a glycohydrolase family 18 chitinase (gh18). chi18b is a predicted 598 amino acid protein that consists of a catalytic domain (gh18), a fibronectin type iii domain (fn3), and a chitin binding domain (cbd). purified chi18b showed optimum chitinase activity at ph 9 and 55 degrees c, and activ ... | 2010 | 19756579 |
| depuration of striped venus clam (chamelea gallina l.): effects on microorganisms, sand content, and mortality. | this study was focused on the evaluation of the microbiological indices, defined by european legislation, before and after the depuration of clams (chamelea gallina) landed in category b seawater. the survival of depurated clams and the meat yield were also evaluated. the results obtained from october 2002 to september 2003 evidenced a mean microbial reduction during depuration of 62% for escherichia coli and 54% for fecal coliforms (fc). all the samples had fc counts below the limit after 24 h ... | 2009 | 19200100 |
| toxic elements and speciation in seafood samples from different contaminated sites in europe. | the presence of cadmium (cd), lead (pb), mercury (thg), methylmercury (mehg), arsenic (tas), inorganic arsenic (ias), cobalt (co), copper (cu), zinc (zn), nickel (ni), chromium (cr) and iron (fe) was investigated in seafood collected from european marine ecosystems subjected to strong anthropogenic pressure, i.e. hotspot areas. different species (mytilus galloprovincialis, n=50; chamelea gallina, n=50; liza aurata, n=25; platichthys flesus, n=25; laminaria digitata, n=15; and saccharina latissim ... | 2015 | 26411778 |
| seasonal variations in the macronutrient mineral and proximate composition of two clams (chamelea gallina and donax trunculus). | two bivalve's species (chamelea gallina and donax trunculus) were investigated in terms of proximate and mineral compositions (sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iodine and selenium) throughout the year. the concentrations of minerals were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. ranges of moisture, protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate contents were 82.70-86.57%, 6.86-8.99%, 0.58-1.20%, 2.44-2.95% and 2.70-4.50% for c. gallina, and were 81.09-85.55%, 8.13-10.61%, 0.69-1.3 ... | 2008 | 18925478 |
| a general integrated ecotoxicological method for marine sediment quality assessment: application to sediments from littoral ecosystems on southern spain's atlantic coast. | in the last few decades, several integrated methods for marine sediment quality evaluation have been developed and applied to many coastal sites. this paper describes the development of a general integrated method based on the determination of organic and inorganic sediment contamination, lethal and sublethal toxicity assessments, in situ benthonic community structure alteration and bioaccumulation of contaminants. the proposed method was applied to sediments from southern spain's atlantic coast ... | 2008 | 18817935 |
| chloramphenicol influence on antioxidant enzymes with preliminary approach on microsomal cyp1a immunopositive-protein in chamelea gallina. | chloramphenicol (ca) is a largely used antibiotic and it is an inhibitor of protein synthesis that also induces ros production. in this work there were investigated activities and expressions in the adriatic bivalve chamelea gallina of some antioxidant and detoxification proteins like superoxide dismutase (mn-sod, cu/zn-sod), catalase (cat) and cytochrome p450 (cyp1a). clams exposed to 5mgl(-1) of chloramphenicol were sampled 2, 4 and 8 days after treatment (ca2, ca4 and ca8). sods, cat, and cyp ... | 2008 | 18657290 |
| is delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in bivalves from south-west iberian peninsula a good biomarker of lead exposure? | the coast of huelva is considered as a heavily contaminated area where the tinto and odiel rivers discharge after running through a metalliferous mining area in the iberian pyrite belt and end in common estuary called ría of huelva. lead is a highly toxic and widely distributed element in the aquatic environment; therefore there is a great interest in assessing the impact of this contaminant on aquatic organisms. to study the bioavailability and sources of lead, the bivalve species chamelea gall ... | 2008 | 18381224 |
| organochlorine compounds (pcbs, pcdds and pcdfs) in seafish and seafood from the spanish atlantic southwest coast. | concentrations and congener specific profiles of pcdd/fs and pcbs were determined in edible fish and seafood species from the coast of huelva, in the spanish southwest atlantic coast. five fish species, namely wegde sole (dicologoglossa cuneata), common sole (solea vulgaris), white seabream (diplodus sargus), sardine (sardina pilchardus), angler fish (lophius piscatorius), two shellfish species (donax trunculus and chamelea gallina), common cuttlefish (sepia officinalis) and prawns (parapenaeus ... | 2006 | 16483635 |
| guidelines for routine mercury speciation analysis in seafood by gas chromatography coupled to a home-modified afs detector. application to the andalusian coast (south spain). | a home-modified atomic fluorescence detector (mafs) has been employed for mercury and methylmercury determination in bivalves from the andalusian coast (south spain). this modification consists on the inclusion of a quartz flow cell into the detector, which increases the concentration of mercury atoms in the detector and therefore enhances sensitivity about two fold. two analytical approaches for mercury speciation based on the coupling of gas chromatography on-line pyrolysis and mafs (gc-pyro-m ... | 2005 | 15990151 |
| phenoloxidase activity in three commercial bivalve species. changes due to natural infestation with perkinsus atlanticus. | the phenoloxidase (po) activity of the haemolymph and haemocytes from three clam species of commercial interest (ruditapes philippinarum, chamelea gallina and tapes decussatus) has been compared. the activity was assayed spectrophotometrically by recording the formation of dopachrome from l-dopa using sodium dodecyl sulphate, laminarin, trypsin or lipopolysaccharide as elicitors. fewer po units were observed in the haemolymph from t. decussatus than in the haemolymph from r. philippinarum, while ... | 2006 | 15979898 |
| heavy metal concentrations in molluscs from the atlantic coast of southern spain. | trace metals were determined in the two most abundant species of bivalve molluscs along the atlantic coast of southern spain (donax trunculus and chamelea gallina) and in the sediments where they live. the results show that the area near the mouth of the huelva estuary is where the highest metal concentrations are found in sediments and in the two bivalve species. this is not surprising, considering that the huelva estuary is the mouth of the tinto and odiel rivers, which have one of the highest ... | 2005 | 15833492 |
| genotyping of cryptosporidium isolates from chamelea gallina clams in italy. | chamelea gallina clams collected from the mouths of rivers along the adriatic sea (central italy) were found to harbor cryptosporidium parvum (genotype 2), which is the lineage involved in zoonotic transmission. the clams were collected from the mouths of rivers near whose banks ruminants are brought to graze. this paper reports the environmental spread of c. parvum in italy and highlights the fact that genotyping of seaborne cryptosporidium isolates is a powerful tool with which to investigate ... | 2004 | 15240321 |
| fine structural study of the spermatogenic cycle in pitar rudis and chamelea gallina (mollusca, bivalvia, veneridae). | a comparative ultrastructural study of spermatogenesis was performed in the bivalve molluscs pitar rudis and chamelea gallina (veneridae) from turkey. sertoli cells appeared to be rich in glycogen, lipid droplets and germ-cell phagolysosomes. premeiotic cells exhibited nuage and a flagellum, with the golgi complex and the rough endoplasmic reticulum originating proacrosomal vesicles during the pachytene stage. in round spermatids, the acrosomal vesicle migrated linked to the plasma membrane. in ... | 2002 | 12176309 |
| comparative ultracytochemical study of the acrosome in four different veneroida species from the turkish coast. | cytoplasmic acidic phosphoproteins and complex polysaccharides were stained with ammoniacal silver nitrate-formalin and phosphotungstic acid-chromic acid, respectively. in cerastoderma glaucum (cardiacea), acrosomal vesicle contents are differentiated into an apical intermediate-dense component and a basal dense region. pta stained the apical component and silver stained the basal region and the apex of the acrosome. in spisula subtruncata (mactracea) the acrosome showed a pta-stained apical com ... | 2002 | 12117272 |
| suitability of log-linear models to evaluate the microbiological quality of baby clams (chamelea gallina l.) harvested in the adriatic sea. | the presence of fecal coliforms or escherichia coli in baby clams (chamelea gallina l.) is considered an indicator related to their safety because they can be correlated with the presence of pathogenic bacteria. for this reason the italian regulation has defined limits for these microorganisms. the presence of these microbial indicators is dependent on various environmental variables. in this work all the variables considered are categorical and, consequently, the traditional approach of predict ... | 2000 | 10746575 |
| shell properties of commercial clam chamelea gallina are influenced by temperature and solar radiation along a wide latitudinal gradient. | phenotype can express different morphologies in response to biotic or abiotic environmental influences. mollusks are particularly sensitive to different environmental parameters, showing macroscale shell morphology variations in response to environmental parameters. few studies concern shell variations at the different scale levels along environmental gradients. here, we investigate shell features at the macro, micro and nanoscale, in populations of the commercially important clam chamelea galli ... | 2016 | 27805037 |
| anoxic survival potential of bivalves: (arte)facts. | the anoxic survival time of the bivalves chamelea gallina, cerastoderma edule and scapharca inaequivalvis from two different ecosystems and differing anoxia tolerances was studied in static (closed) and flow-through systems. the antibiotics chloramphenicol, penicillin and polymyxin were added, and molybdate (specific inhibitor of the process of sulfate reduction). survival in (near) anoxic seawater of chamelea was studied in a static system by comparing untreated seawater with autoclaved seawate ... | 2002 | 11867287 |
| amphidoma languida (amphidomatacea, dinophyceae) with a novel azaspiracid toxin profile identified as the cause of molluscan contamination at the atlantic coast of southern spain. | azaspiracids (aza) are a group of food poisoning phycotoxins that are known to accumulate in shellfish. they are produced by some species of the planktonic dinophycean taxon amphidomataceae. azaspiracids have been first discovered in ireland but are now reported in shellfish from numerous global sites thus showing a wide distribution. in shellfish samples collected in 2009 near huelva (spain), aza was also found along the andalusian atlantic coast for the first time. analysis using lc-ms/ms reve ... | 2017 | 28118886 |
| new data on perkinsus mediterraneus in the balearic archipelago: locations and affected species. | perkinsus mediterraneus, a protozoan parasite that can cause perkinsosis (marine mollusc disease), was first detected in oysters ostrea edulis from mahon (minorca, balearic islands, spain) in 2004. several years later it was also found in andratx harbour (majorca, balearic islands) and in the gulf of manfredonia (adriatic coast of italy) in oyster populations. since 2007, perkinsus surveys have been conducted in different localities and shellfish species in the balearic archipelago. in the prese ... | 2014 | 25392044 |
| multidrug-resistant and epidemic clones of escherichia coli from natural beds of venus clam. | epidemic escherichia coli clones have been recovered in marine sediment along the coast of marche, an adriatic region in central italy. in the present study, e. coli strains from the clam chamelea gallina, sampled from seven natural beds in the same area, were detected. selected e. coli isolates from all sampling sites were screened for antimicrobial susceptibility, genetic diversity and correlation. the majority (60%) belonged to phylogroups a or b1, 31% to the other groups (b2, c, d, e, f), 8% ... | 2016 | 27375238 |
| enzymic synthesis of hexnac-containing disaccharide glycosides. | the following disaccharide glycosides were obtained from the appropriate donor and acceptor glycosides by employing glycosidases from the mollusc chamelea gallina as catalysts: alpha-d-galp-ome (n-acetyl-alpha-d- galactosaminidase), beta-d-galpnac-(1----3)-beta-d-galp-ome, beta-d-glcpnac-(1----3)-beta-d-galp-ome, and beta-d-glcpnac-(1----6)-alpha-d-manp-ome (n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase). the regioselectivity of the n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase-catalysed reactions depended on the anomeric co ... | 2008 | 2279249 |
| detection of vibrio splendidus and related species in chamelea gallina sampled in the adriatic along the abruzzi coastline. | vibrio species are an important and widespread component of marine microbial communities. some vibrio strains are potentially pathogenic to marine vertebrates and invertebrates. the aim of this study was to identify vibrios, in particular vibrio splendidus and related species, isolated from clams (chamelea gallina) collected along the coasts of the abruzzi region from may to october 2007. the isolates obtained were phenotyped and classified as belonging to the genus vibrio. the strains underwent ... | 2011 | 21947974 |
| proximate and elemental composition of chamelea gallina from the southern coast of the marmara sea (turkey). | the venerid clam chamelea gallina is a popular and economic foodstuff around the mediterranean countries especially in italy, spain, and france. the aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional quality of striped venus of southern marmara. samples were harvested seasonally at five stations and analyzed to determine meat yield, proximate, and elemental composition. according to the results, meat yield ranged from 20.24% to 29.94%. means of water, protein, lipid, and ash content were 67%, 10.1 ... | 2011 | 21225478 |
| source and impact of lead contamination on δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in several marine bivalve species along the gulf of cadiz. | coastal areas and estuaries are particularly sensitive to metal contamination from anthropogenic sources and in the last few decades the study of space-time distribution and variation of metals has been extensively researched. the gulf of cadiz is no exception, with several rivers draining one of the largest concentrations of sulphide deposits in the world, the iberian pyrite belt (ipb). of these rivers, the guadiana, one of the most important in the iberian peninsula, together with smaller rive ... | 2010 | 20965582 |
| the clam (chamelea gallina): evaluation of the effects of solids suspended in seawater on bivalve molluscs. | the study was designed to evaluate the effects of solids in suspension in seawater on clams (chamelea gallina). the aim was to investigate the possible correlation between the widespread deaths of clams in the coastal waters of the central and northern adriatic in the last five years and increased concentrations of solids in suspension. the research involved conducting 96-hour tests on clams farmed in aquariums containing filtered seawater. the tests were preceded by a 7-day adaptation stage to ... | 2010 | 20391371 |
| phylogenetic analysis of veneridae (bivalvia): comparison of molecular and palaeontological data. | an approximately 400-bp-long portion of the 16s rrna gene sequence has been determined for the venerid clams chamelea gallina (chioninae), dosinia lupinus (dosiniinae), pitar rudis, callista chione (pitarinae), tapes decussatus, t. philippinarum, venerupis (= paphia) aurea (tapetinae), and venus verrucosa (venerinae). neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony trees support the results of traditional classification methods at the subfamily level but do not support the concept of a genus tapes. the t ... | 1996 | 8875864 |
| [beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase of the mollusc chamelea gallina l. purification and some properties]. | | 1977 | 597502 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of two clam species: chamelea gallina and tapes philippinarum. | clams have long been a fisheries and aquaculture sector of great importance in italy, the main resource of fisheries is the chamelea gallina of indigenous origin, whereas clams breeding is supported almost entirely by the tapes philippinarum, a species of indo-pacific origin. bivalve molluscs quality depends mainly on the water quality, and then by a series of factors such as water temperature and salinity, gametogenic cycle, food availability, and environmental conditions, that affect the condi ... | 2017 | 27765220 |
| concentrations of contaminants with regulatory limits in samples of clam (chamelea gallina) collected along the abruzzi region coast in central italy. | concentrations of pollutants with regulatory limits were determined in specimens of chamelea gallina, a species of clam collected along the abruzzi coastal region of the central adriatic sea. nine sampling sites were selected to evaluate the distribution of contaminants in the environment and the health risk for consumers. the concentrations of all the examined compounds were lower than the maximums set by european legislation. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and total mercury were below the de ... | 2015 | 26319726 |
| predation mechanisms of rapana venosa (gastropoda: muricidae) in different biotopes along the black sea coast. | mechanisms of feeding by the invasive gastropod rapana venosa from different biotopes of 11 sites along the black sea coast are discussed. two methods--edge-drilling and suffocation--are used, but the prevailing method in a particular biotope depends on the type of bivalve prey. drill signs were present on almost all shells of chamelea gallina, captured by rapa whelks in field conditions, while in a field experiment, only 11% of all empty mytilus galloprovincialis had drilling signatures. the de ... | 2016 | 26242971 |
| multi-residue method for the analysis of pharmaceuticals and some of their metabolites in bivalves. | a fast, simple and robust method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 23 pharmaceuticals (including some major metabolites) in bivalve mollusks. the analytes belong to eight different therapeutic groups: antibiotics, psychiatric drugs, analgesics/anti-inflammatories, tranquilizer, calcium channel blockers, diuretic, and prostatic hyperplasia. the method is based on pressurized liquid extraction (ple) followed by solid phase extraction clean-up (spe), and ultra performance liq ... | 2015 | 25703000 |
| does seawater acidification affect survival, growth and shell integrity in bivalve juveniles? | anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide are leading to decreases in ph and changes in the carbonate chemistry of seawater. ocean acidification may negatively affect the ability of marine organisms to produce calcareous structures while also influencing their physiological responses and growth. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of reduced ph on the survival, growth and shell integrity of juveniles of two marine bivalves from the northern adriatic sea: the mediterranean mussel my ... | 2014 | 24836120 |
| can the combination of decreased ph and increased temperature values induce oxidative stress in the clam chamelea gallina and the mussel mytilus galloprovincialis? | the combined effects of decreased ph and increased temperature values on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation were evaluated for the first time in the clam chamelea gallina and the mussel mytilus galloprovincialis, two bivalve species that are widespread along the northwestern coast of the adriatic sea. for 7 days, bivalves were exposed to three ph values (8.1, 7.7 and 7.4) at two temperatures (22 and 28 °c). three independent experiments were carried out at salinity values of 28 ... | 2013 | 23756112 |
| study of the toxic effects of flame retardant pbde-47 on the clam chamelea gallina (linnaeus, 1758). | the purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenylether (pbde-47) on the chamelea gallina clam (according to current commercial regulations: venus gallina). pbdes, which are used as flame retardants in various industrial products, are classed as hazardous substances by directive 2011/65/eu. they are bioaccumulative compounds, considered to be endocrine disruptors, genotoxic, neurotoxic and practically ubiquitous, and their concentration in the environment has con ... | 2013 | 23564589 |
| sequencing and characterization of striped venus transcriptome expand resources for clam fishery genetics. | the striped venus chamelea gallina clam fishery is among the oldest and the largest in the mediterranean sea, particularly in the inshore waters of northern adriatic sea. the high fishing pressure has lead to a strong stock abundance decline, enhanced by several irregular mortality events. the nearly complete lack of molecular characterization limits the available genetic resources for c. gallina. we achieved the first transcriptome of this species with the aim of identifying an informative set ... | 2012 | 23028497 |
| first evidence of immunomodulation in bivalves under seawater acidification and increased temperature. | water acidification, temperature increases and changes in seawater salinity are predicted to occur in the near future. in such a global climate change (gcc) scenario, there is growing concern for the health status of both wild and farmed organisms. bivalve molluscs, an important component of coastal marine ecosystems, are at risk. at the immunological level, the ability of an organism to maintain its immunosurveillance unaltered under adverse environmental conditions may enhance its survival cap ... | 2012 | 22479452 |
| age related properties of the adriatic clam chamelea gallina (l. 1758) hemocytes. | the clam chamelea gallina (l 1758) represents an important shellfish resource along mediterranean coasts and its progressive depletion has been ascribed both to the overexploitation of stocks and to environmental or anthropic stressors. in this context, the investigation on immune parameters could represent a valid approach to measure the clam homeostasis condition and its possible influence on population dynamics. on this basis, the innate immune system, mainly represented by hemocyte phagocyto ... | 2011 | 22001736 |
| 2-de proteomic analysis of hsp70 in mollusc chamelea gallina. | bidimensional electrophoresis (2-de) protocols were adapted on chamelea gallina digestive glands studies by the analysis of heat shock proteins (hsp) compared with monodimensional electrophoresis (1-de) results. because polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) act on hsps, c. gallina specimens were exposed to 0.5 mg/l of benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p) for 24 h, 7 and 12 days. immunoblotting after 1-de showed a single band of 70 kda significantly induced after 7 days of b[a]p exposure. after 2-de, eight ma ... | 2011 | 21168507 |
| investigation of erod, cyp1a immunopositive proteins and sod in haemocytes of chamelea gallina and their role in response to b[a]p. | cyp1a sub-family represents the main form of cytochrome p450 involved in benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p) detoxification, but there are no clear evidences about its presence in invertebrates. 7-ethoxy resorufin o-deethylase (erod) activity is strictly related to cyp1a presence, at the same time p450-dependent oxidative metabolism leads to reactive oxygen species (ros) production, thought to be an important mechanism of pollutant-mediated toxicity in aquatic organisms. superoxide dismutases (sods), erod an ... | 2009 | 18848644 |
| organic compounds temporal trends at some invertebrate species from the balearics, western mediterranean. | concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (pops) such as hexachlorobenzene (hcb), dichlore diphenyl trichloretane (ddt), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-hch or lindane) were determined in tissue of marine benthic invertebrates such as mytilus galloprovincialis, chamelea gallina, venus verrucosa, lithophaga lithophaga and paracentrotus lividus. species were selected due to their habitat, trophic level, feeding behaviour and their consumption. inverte ... | 2007 | 17524450 |
| transfection of eggs in the bivalve mollusc chamelea gallina (bivalvia, veneridae). | eggs from the bivalve mollusc chamelea gallina were transfected in vitro. the p-genegrip gene construction that expresses the green fluorescent protein (gfp) was employed. it was necessary to remove the jelly coat which covers the egg surface for a successful transfection, and then 44.2% of gametes appeared transfected after using naked dna. on the other hand, cationic liposomes (lipofectamine) and neutral lipids (geneporter) were employed as gene vectors. after the employ of lipofectamine 35.6% ... | 2006 | 17283962 |
| use of shape to distinguish chamelea gallina and chamelea striatula (bivalvia: veneridae): linear and geometric morphometric methods. | the commercially fished striped venus clams chamelea gallina and c. striatula (bivalvia: veneridae) are difficult to distinguish by inexperienced observers and the taxonomy of these species is still an issue of discussion. the differences in shape between c. gallina and c. striatula from portuguese coastal waters were studied through conventional linear and geometric morphometric analysis, using both contour (elliptic fourier analysis) and landmark-based methods. the relationships shell length v ... | 2006 | 17103393 |
| seasonal changes in physiological responses and evaluation of "well-being" in the venus clam chamelea gallina from the northern adriatic sea. | chamelea gallina is an infaunal bivalve, widespread in sandy bottoms along mediterranean coasts. it is an important economic resource for fisheries in the adriatic, although in recent years over-fishing, and other concurrent factors, have dramatically decreased clam harvesting. in this context, it is of great interest to gain information on seasonal variations in the physiological performance of clams, for an overall evaluation of their well-being. in this study, laboratory experiments were perf ... | 2006 | 16959514 |
| effects of high temperatures on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam chamelea gallina. | the effects of high temperatures on the clam, chamelea gallina, generally recognised as a low tolerant bivalve species, were studied by evaluating some functional responses of the haemocytes. the animals were kept for 7days at 20, 25 and 30 degrees c and total haemocyte count (thc), phagocytosis, lysozyme activity (in both haemocyte lysate and cell-free haemolymph), activity and expression of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (sod) (in both haemocyte lysate and cell-free haemolymph) we ... | 2008 | 16733090 |
| transfection of spermatozoa in bivalve molluscs using naked dna. | spermatozoa from the bivalve molluscs mytilus galloprovincialis, mytilus chilensis and chamelea gallina were transfected in vitro using the p-genegrip construct, which encodes green fluorescent protein. the efficiency of transfection after brief incubation was assessed by fluorescence and confocal laser microscopy, and was about 58.5-70.01% in the species used. the foreign gene was principally located in the sperm nuclei, as demonstrated by laser confocal serial sections. in some spermatozoa, mi ... | 2005 | 15774314 |
| mechanical disturbance affects haemocyte functionality in the venus clam chamelea gallina. | the clam chamelea gallina is fairly common along the western coastline of the adriatic sea, where it is subjected to intense fishing. to evaluate possible causes of stress in clam populations, the effects of acute mechanical disturbance on haemocyte functionality were analysed in both laboratory and field experiments. among the various sources of stress that clams undergo during commercial fishing by hydraulic dredges, water pressure and mechanical sorting were considered, and three increasing l ... | 2003 | 14613791 |
| morphological and cytoenzymatic characterization of haemocytes of the venus clam chamelea gallina. | a morphological and enzymatic characterization of chamelea gallina haemocytes was carried out as a prerequisite for further studies on venus clam immunobiology. two main types of circulating haemocytes were identified (1) hyalinocytes (79.2%), agranular cells with a central nucleus surrounded by a little cytoplasm, and (2) granulocytes (16.5%), smaller granular cells with smaller nuclei. small cells with a strongly basophilic nucleus and a thin layer of peripheral cytoplasm, probably undifferent ... | 2002 | 12113309 |
| cytochemical localization and quantification of plasma membrane ca2+-atpase activity in mollusc digestive gland cells. | a cytochemical method allowing the localization and quantification of plasma membrane ca2+-atpase (pmca) in frozen sections obtained from digestive gland cells of mytilus galloprovincialis, tapes tapes and chamelea gallina, is presented. the method utilizes lead as a trapping agent of po4(2-) ions released by ca2+-atpase activity. the amount of lead sulphide precipitate proportionally related to pmca activity was quantified by a light microscopy digital imaging analysis system. the optimal assay ... | 2002 | 12044046 |
| air exposure and functionality of chamelea gallina haemocytes: effects on haematocrit, adhesion, phagocytosis and enzyme contents. | the venus clam chamelea gallina is fairly common along the western coasts of the adriatic and is subjected to intense fishing. since over the last 20 years extensive hypoxic and anoxic conditions have repeatedly damaged this natural resource, we decided to study the effects of anoxic stress on the functionality of clam haemocytes and the consequences on immune responses. clams, exposed to air, close their valves and tissues become anoxic and metabolism processes switch to anaerobiosis. in these ... | 2002 | 11867286 |
| glycosidases of molluscs. purification and properties of alpha-l-fucosidase from chamelea gallina l. | an alpha-l-fucosidase had been purified approximately 300-fold from the liver (hepatopancreas) of the marine mollusc chamelea gallina l. (= venus gallina l.). during the different steps of the purification procedure it was difficult to remove the contaminant n-acetylglucosaminidase activity; but, after electrofocusing, a final preparation free of this and other glycosidades present in the crude extract was obtained. the purified enzyme has a broad specificity; it hydrolyzes p-nitrophenyl alpha-l ... | 1976 | 7458 |
| first evidence of altered immune responses and resistance to air exposure in the clam chamelea gallina exposed to benzo(a)pyrene. | effects of benzo(a)pyrene [b(a)p] (at a nominal concentration of 0.5 mg/l) on immune responses of the clam chamelea gallina were investigated after 1, 7, and 12 days exposure. total hemocyte count (thc), hemocyte volume, phagocytic activity, lysozyme-like activity in both hemocyte lysate (hl) and cell-free hemolymph (cfh) were measured. as unexpected alterations in hemocyte adhesion capability were observed in short-term hemocyte cultures for phagocytosis assays after a 1-day exposure, an adhesi ... | 2009 | 18726537 |
| seasonal variations of escherichia coli contamination in clams (chamelea gallina) harvested in the adriatic sea (san benedetto del tronto district, italy). | in the european union, the classification of shellfish harvesting areas depends on levels of escherichia coli checked in shellfish flesh and determines whether post-harvest treatment required before shellfish can be sold for human consumption. nevertheless, intermittent sources of contamination, such as rainfall and runoff from agricultural and urban lands, may give rise to seasonal variations of e. coli concentration, hence an annual classification could not be correct. in this study, we invest ... | 2014 | 27800333 |
| characterization of a highly repeated dna family in tapetinae species (mollusca bivalvia: veneridae). | a repetitive dna family (phbglii400) was characterized in the clam species tapes philippinarum (veneridae tapetinae). the tandemly repeated sequences are at-rich and show a mainly pericentromeric localization, as most satellite dnas do. sequence analysis of phbglii400 dna family showed a high level of intraspecific homogeneity. furthermore a 200 bp subunit motif within the 400 bp monomer was apparent as well as the existence of two main "open reading frames" along the 400 bp sequence.in order to ... | 1998 | 18462043 |