| proceedings: chemical changes in cinnamon oil during its preparation. | | 1975 | 2767 |
| cinnamon dermatitis from an ointment. | six patients are reported who had an allergic contact dermatitis from the use of a proprietary antiseptic ointment containing oil of cinnamon. three were positive and three negative to balsam of peru; two of these and one other also reacted to cinnamic aldehyde. the history and usage of cinnamon is briefly reviewed. | 1976 | 139272 |
| first epidemiological study of contact dermatitis in spain - 1977. spanish contact dermatitis research group. | the present work is the first epidemiological study carried out by the spanish contact dermatitis research group during 1977. during this year 2806 patients were studied with patch test among 30873 dermatological patients. the 60-62% of the totality had reactivity to one or more patches. four major groups of allergens were able to consider, following the incidence in their power of sensitize. first group with strong incidence include: nickel, chromate, cobalt, t.m.t.d.,p.p.d.a., mercapto mix., a ... | 1979 | 160734 |
| cinnamic aldehyde in toothpaste. 1. clinical aspects and patch tests. | although cinnamon is known to cause dermatitis in bakers and confectioners, it has only rarely been reported as causing trouble in food or cosmetics. a newly-formulated 'spicy' toothpaste containing cinnamon as a flavouring agent was the cause of oral symptoms in eight patients referred to clinics in buckinghamshire and in malmö and in a further eight patients discovered subsequently. similar symptoms and patch test results were observed independently at both centres. positive reactions were obt ... | 1975 | 233890 |
| the analysis of essential oils and extracts (oleoresins) from seasonings--a critical review. | a critical review of the analytical methods employed for the determination of the relevant components of seasonings is presented. where the available methods were inadequate, new ones have been devised. particular emphasis has been placed on those methods of analysis that provide a rapid and sufficiently accurate appraisal of seasoning extracts and essential oils from seasonings under routine control laboratory conditions. at the same time, the margin of error of these methods has been determine ... | 1977 | 336288 |
| long-term effect of low dietary calcium:phosphate ratio on the skeleton of cebus albifrons monkeys. | wildcaught cinnamon ringtail monkeys, cebus albifrons, were fed diets with ca:p ratios of 1:4 1:2.1 1:0,4, and 1:0.5 for 3 to 88 months. monkeys fed the diet with ca:p ratios of 1:4 and 1:21 c ratios similar to that of human diets) had minor microscopic changes suggestive of osteoporosis when compared to other species of animals. the changes were not detected by conventional or magnification radiography or by 125i photon absorptiometry. these findings are in in striking contrast to studies in ot ... | 1977 | 404407 |
| inhibitory effects of condiments and herbal drugs on the growth and toxin production of toxigenic fungi. | the effects of thirteen kinds of powdered herbal drugs and seven kinds of commercial dry condiments on the growth and toxin production of aspergillus parasiticus, a. flavus, a. ochraceus, and a. versicolor were observed by introducing these substances into culture media for mycotoxin production. of the twenty samples tested, cinnamon bark completely inhibited the fungal growth, while the others only inhibited the toxin production. the inhibitors were easily extracted from the samples with solven ... | 1979 | 440403 |
| isolation, purification, and antibiotic activity of o-methoxycinnamaldehyde from cinnamon. | o-methoxycinnamaldehyde has been isolated and purified from powdered cinnamon. the compound inhibits the growth and toxin production of mycotoxin-producing fungi. the substance completely inhibited the growth of aspergillus parasiticus and a. flavus at 100 microgram/ml and a. ochraceus and a. versicolor at 200 microgram/ml. it inhibited the production of aflatoxin b1 by over 90% at 6.25 microgram/ml, ochratoxin a at 25 microgram/ml, and sterigmatocystin at 50 microgram/ml. the substance also dis ... | 1978 | 708030 |
| parasites of waterfowl from southwest texas: i. the northern cinnamon teal, anas cyanoptera septentrionalium. | seventeen northern cinnamon teal, anas cyanoptera septentrionalium were collected in hudspeth county, texas: 10 in january, 1974, and seven in september, 1974. fifteen parasite species were recovered: 11 were new host records. three species of parasites were recorded from spring migrants and 15 from fall migrants. | 1977 | 839625 |
| allergic contact dermatitis and stomatitis caused by a cinnamic aldehyde-flavored toothpaste. | a patient had acute stomatitis and dermatitis due to a popular toothpaste containing cinnamon oil flavor. cinnamon cassia oil is known as a topical sensitizer and was demonstrated to be the offending allergen. cinnamic aldehyde and related chemicals are used widely, so that patients having cinnamon allergy may be exposed to many sources. there is difficulty in diagnosing allergic contact stomatitis. | 1976 | 962353 |
| pharmacological studies on chinese cinnamon. iii. electroencephalographic studies of cinnamaldehyde in the rabbit. | | 1976 | 975435 |
| [studies on commercial cinnamon and allied barks. v. variation in inner structure of the barks of cinnamomum burmanni bl. (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 1035616 |
| [studies on commercial cinnamon and allied barks. vi. cinnamon and allied barks in jawa market. (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 1035617 |
| screening of indigenous plants for anthelmintic action against human ascaris lumbricoides: part--ii. | alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of alpinia galanga, andrographis paniculata, bark of cinnamomum zeylanicum, rind of citrus decumana, desmodium triflorum, seeds of hydnocarpus wightiana, rhizomes of kaempfaria galanga, lippia nodiflora, tender leaves of morinda citrifolia, rhizomes of pollia serzogonian, tephrosia purpuria and rhizomes of zingiber zerumbeth showed good in vitro anthelmintic activity against human ascaris lumbricoides. while, the alcoholic extracts of the bark of alibzzia lebbe ... | 1975 | 1158424 |
| insulin activity: stimulatory effects of cinnamon and brewer's yeast as influenced by albumin. | cinnamon and brewer's yeast extracts have been shown to potentiate the action of insulin in isolated adipocytes. in this study, isolated rat epididymal adipocytes were used to evaluate the influence of bovine serum albumin on insulin activity as affected by cinnamon and brewer's yeast extracts. albumin at 0.01-0.1% decreased the insulin stimulatory effects of cinnamon from 11.8- to 5.3-fold and 2% albumin decreased this effect to near control levels. conversely, the insulin-enhancing properties ... | 1992 | 1292975 |
| d-penicillamine prevents the development of hepatitis in long-evans cinnamon rats with abnormal copper metabolism. | the long-evans cinnamon rat is a mutant strain that contracts hereditary hepatitis and, eventually, spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma. because we found a corresponding gross copper accumulation in the liver of the rats, we examined whether the development of hepatitis in our rat system could be prevented by administration of d-penicillamine. d-penicillamine is a copper-chelating agent and one of the drugs effective for human wilson's disease, in which abnormal copper metabolism is also observ ... | 1992 | 1370162 |
| cinnamon-induced stomatitis venenata, clinical and characteristic histopathologic features. | fourteen new cases of cinnamon-induced stomatitis are reported. ten of these fourteen cases were first detected on the basis of histopathologic changes, which included hyperkeratosis, chronic lichenoid mucositis with plasmacytic infiltration, and marked chronic perivasculitis. six cases of false-positive histopathologic findings are presented for comparison. it is recommended that when the histopathologic features described are recognized, cinnamon stomatitis should be considered. | 1992 | 1437042 |
| elevation of the level of lipid peroxidation associated with hepatic injury in lec mutant rat. | long-evans cinnamon (lec) mutant rat, which spontaneously develops a chronically necrotizing hepatic injury at 4-5 months of age, exhibits an excess hepatic copper accumulation. the hepatic injury was completely correlated to the excess hepatic copper accumulation in backcross progenies, supporting the previous hypothesis that the copper cytotoxicity causes the hepatic injury in lec rat liver. the levels of the lipid peroxidation in symptomatic lec rats at 4 months of age were significantly high ... | 1992 | 1439175 |
| oral leukoplakia caused by cinnamon food allergy. | an oral leukoplakic lesion that was clinically thought to be a squamous cell carcinoma is presented. the cinnamon component of chewing gum was discovered to be the etiologic agent. the case is unusual because of the leukoplakia noted; all other previously reported cases described erythematous patches only. the role of food allergy in the pathophysiology of the lesion is discussed. | 1992 | 1469757 |
| symptoms in spice workers. | spices are widely used for flavouring food and are mostly grown in the tropics. twenty-eight workers in a store processing cloves, pepper, nutmeg, mace and cardamom for export were studied. they were exposed to the dust of these products for short periods, in rotation. seventy-six per cent of the workers experienced symptoms such as smarting of the nostrils and eyes, cough, sneezing and running nose while handling cloves. similar symptoms occurred less frequently with pepper (44%). these symptom ... | 1992 | 1560483 |
| effects of nine different chewing-gums and lozenges on salivary flow rate and ph. | the objectives of this study were to determine how salivary flow rate and ph vary with time during use of chewing-gums and lozenges. twenty-four young adults collected unstimulated saliva and then, on different occasions, chewed one of six flavoured gums, or gum base, or sucked on one of two lozenges, for 20 min, during which time eight separate saliva samples were collected. flow rate peaked during the 1st minute of stimulation with all nine products. with the lozenges, flow rate fell towards t ... | 1992 | 1628291 |
| [microbiological quality of spices consumed in cuba]. | the microbiological quality of some widely consumed spices in cuba was evaluated by means of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms count, filamentous fungi, yeasts, coliforms, thermophilic and thermoresistant microorganisms. salmonella spp was looked for too. black pepper and cumin resulted the most contaminated spices with values of total count and thermoresistant microorganisms at levels of 10(6) per gram, and coliform values up to 10(5) per gram. oregano and cinnamon showed satisfactory microbiol ... | 1991 | 1670479 |
| insulin potentiating factor and chromium content of selected foods and spices. | an unidentified factor that potentiates the action of insulin in glucose metabolism was investigated in selected foods and spices. chromium content of these foods and spices was also determined. foods and spices were extracted with 0.1n nh4oh (1:20, w/v) and the supernatants assayed for insulin potentiation activity in the rat epididymal fat cell assay. among the selected foods, tuna fish, peanut butter, and vanilla ice cream had some insulin potentiating activity. among the spices, apple pie sp ... | 1990 | 1702671 |
| effect of cumin, cinnamon, ginger, mustard and tamarind in induced hypercholesterolemic rats. | the effect of a few common spices--cumin (cuminum cyminum, cinnamon (cinnamomum zeylanicum), ginger (zingiber officinale), mustard (brassica nigra) and tamarind (tamarindus indica)--added to normal and hypercholesterolemia inducing diet on serum and liver cholesterol levels in rats was studied. these spices did not show any cholesterol lowering effect when included in the diet at about 5-fold the normal human intake level. | 1991 | 1865890 |
| correlation between a hepatic copper accumulation and an altered expression of glutathione s-transferase ya/yc subunits in lec mutant rat. | long-evans cinnamon (lec) rat, an animal model of wilson's disease, that develops a necrotizing hepatic injury with an abnormally high hepatic copper accumulation exhibits an altered expression of glutathione s-transferase (gst) subunits, that is, a low percentage of the ya and a high percentage of the yc subunit expression in males. the altered expression of gst subunits and the abnormal copper accumulation in liver were found to be completely correlated in male lec mutant rat liver, suggesting ... | 1992 | 1518956 |
| decreased numbers of cholecystokinin-immunoreactive nerve cells in the cerebral cortex of lec rats with a hereditary hepatitis. | the distribution of cck-immunoreactive cells was investigated by the indirect fluorescence method in the cerebral cortex of lec (long-evans cinnamon) rats which have recently been introduced as a model of jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy. reduction of cck-immunoreactive nerve cells was observed in the brains of lec rats with stage iii to v hepatic encephalopathy in comparison with the rats without hepatic encephalopathy. these observations were confirmed by counting the cck-positive nerve cel ... | 1992 | 1508326 |
| excessive accumulation of hepatic copper in lec rats aged 80 days without hepatitis and 130 days with hepatitis. | the cu concentration was about 40 and 60 times higher in the liver in long-evans with a cinnamon-like coat color (lec) rats aged 80 days (without hepatitis) and 130 days (with hepatitis), respectively than in the liver in fischer rats. most hepatic cu was recovered in the cytosol fraction. furthermore, about 96% and 84% of the cytosolic cu was found in the metallothionein region on a sephadex g-75 column in lec rats aged 80 and 130 days, respectively. the hepatic metallothionein concentration wa ... | 1992 | 1448442 |
| regional distribution of copper, zinc and iron in the brain in long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats with a new mutation causing hereditary hepatitis. | in long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats of three different ages (7, 13 and 32 weeks old) concentrations of cu, zn and fe were measured in 8 regions of the brain. the lec groups aged 7 and 13 weeks showed low concentrations of cu in all regions compared to long-evans agouti (lea) rats. in 32-week-old lec rats, however, cu concentrations increased in 7 regions, in particular, significantly so in the striatum, hypothalamus, cerebellum, midbrain and cortex. changes of zn concentration were not found in an ... | 1992 | 1393580 |
| evaluation of a microbiological method for detection of irradiation of spices. | the suitability of a microbiological method, a combination of the direct epifluorescent filter technique (deft) and the total aerobic plate count (apc), for the detection of irradiation of spices was evaluated. the evaluation was carried out using different kinds of spices including peppers, paprika, cardamom, cinnamon, ginger; herbs such as thyme, marjoram, basil, and oregano; and garlic powder. ground spices were tested as well as cut and whole spice samples. samples were analysed before and a ... | 1991 | 2038893 |
| two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of hepatitis-associated polypeptides in liver of lec rats developing spontaneous hepatitis. | high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in combination with silver staining was used to analyze between 800 and 1000 cytosolic and particulate polypeptides from age-matched livers of normal male long-evans rat with agouti coat color (lea) and long-evans rat with cinnamon-like coat color (lec) rats with hereditary trait of hepatitis at ages long before, immediately prior to, and just after the onset of hepatitis. although the electrophoretic patterns of polypeptide expr ... | 1990 | 2116396 |
| unusual accumulation of copper related to induction of metallothionein in the liver of lec rats. | copper (cu), iron (fe), zinc (zn) and manganese (mn) levels in organs of lec rats (long-evans rats with a cinnamon-like coat color), which develop spontaneous jaundice with hereditary hepatitis, were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis method. unusual accumulations of cu in the liver of lec rats were found, depending on the age of the animals, the metal concentration being more than approximately 20-40 times those of normal lea rats (long-evans rats with an agouti coat color). ... | 1992 | 1317172 |
| food allergy: the 10 common offenders. | the 10 chief offenders among food allergens are cow's milk, chocolate and cola (the kola nut family), corn, eggs, the pea family (chiefly peanut, which is not a nut), citrus fruits, tomato, wheat and other small grains, cinnamon and artificial food colors. food allergy results in a remarkable variety of clinical syndromes. diagnois rests on an elimination and challenge process. treatment is avoidance. desensitization does not work. | 1976 | 946156 |
| high sensitivity of the lec rat liver to the carcinogenic effect of diethylnitrosamine. | the initiation sensitivity of the liver of the lec (long-evans with a cinnamon-like coat color) rat, a new mutant strain with a high incidence of spontaneous liver tumors, was studied by treatment with low doses of diethylnitrosamine (den) coupled with modified solt and farber's selection. lec and control lea (long-evans with an agouti coat color) rats received i.p. injections of 10 mg/kg of den, then selected by feeding with a diet containing 0.02% 2-acetylaminofluorene (aaf) for 7 days combine ... | 1990 | 2190688 |
| optic fissure closure in the normal cinnamon mouse. an ultrastructural study. | the purpose of this study was to determine the ultrastructural features of optic fissure closure. serial coronal sections of fetal eyes from the eleventh to the thirteenth gestational day were examined by light and electron microscopy. fusion was associated with inversion of the retinal pigment epithelium at the optic fissure and it occurred first between undifferentiated cells at the junction of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. it later extended to involve the entire thickness of the ... | 1990 | 2298539 |
| cinnamon oil: kids use it to get high. | | 1990 | 2306910 |
| cinnamon oil abuse by adolescents. | reports in the literature about cinnamon oil toxicity are limited to allergic reactions and local irritant effects from dermatologic exposure. cinnamon oil is easily obtained from pharmacies in 5-10 ml amounts for use as a flavoring agent and in craft items. within a 5-mo period the pittsburgh poison center (ppc) documented 32 cases of cinnamon oil abuse; all cases involved males aged 11-16 y and were reported to the ppc by school nurses. sucking on toothpicks or fingers which had been dipped in ... | 1990 | 2327068 |
| contact allergy to spices. | a group of 103 patients suspected of contact allergy was tested with the european standard series, wood tars and spices: paprika, cinnamon, laurel, celery seed, nutmeg, curry, black pepper, cloves, white pepper, coriander, cacao and garlic. 32 patients (group i) were selected on the basis of positive tests to one or more of possible indicators for allergy to spices: colophony, balsam of peru, fragrance-mix and/or wood tars. 71 patients (group ii) showed no response to these indicators. in group ... | 1990 | 2383985 |
| sugar and spice: similarities and sensory attributes. | spices were selected for study that were believed to exhibit properties related to the sweetness commonly found in foods and beverages. seventy healthy, normal-weight adults first smelled and then tasted 10 spices. subjects responded to two questionnaires, judging similarity of the spices and indicating the sensory attributes important in their decision making. intensity of odor, compatibility with sweetness, and degree of bitter taste were three major attributes used to arrive at similarity jud ... | 1990 | 2399134 |
| the effects of cinnamon on xanthine dehydrogenase, aldehyde oxidase, and pyridoxal oxidase activity during development in drosophila melanogaster. | | 1976 | 825401 |
| a method for studying tissue specificity of maternally affected drosophila melanogaster mutants: mosaic analysis of cinnamon. | | 1978 | 109330 |
| history of the treatment of chronic bronchitis. | although chronic bronchitis was first named and described in 1808, the disease has been known since earliest time, and numerous drugs have been utilized in its therapy. the basic historic theories of human function have readily been applied to bronchitis; thus in greek medicine, the disease was appreciated as one of excess phlegm. early remedies included garlic, pepper, cinnamon, and turpentine, whereas later therapies of choice emphasized coffee, ipecac, and potassium nitrate. most of the favor ... | 1991 | 1925077 |
| cross-sensitization patterns in guinea pigs between cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol and cinnamic acid. | guinea pig maximization tests (gpmt) were performed with cinnamon substances. there was a certain degree of cross-reactivity between cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol and cinnamic acid as animals sensitized to cinnamaldehyde reacted to the challenge with the three substances. animals sensitized to cinnamyl alcohol reacted to cinnamyl alcohol and cinnamaldehyde, but not to cinnamic acid. cinnamic acid did not sensitize guinea pigs. compared to the challenge concentration for cinnamaldehyde, approx ... | 1989 | 2568047 |
| the development of olfactory preferences for artificial odors briefly experienced by the precocial spiny mouse young. | groups of pups, aged 2, 4, 6, 12, 16, and 18 days of the precocial murid rodent spiny mouse (acomys cahirinus), were each exposed for 1.5 h to one of the experimental odors, cinnamon or cumin, present in the surrounding environment. the odors were not contingent upon home-cage odors or any other reinforcers. this simple exposure produced a strong preference for the exposed odor in multichoice preference tests carried out 48 h after the exposure in pups from groups aged 2 through 16 days. older p ... | 1989 | 2590153 |
| hereditary hepatitis in lec rats: accumulation of abnormally high ploid nuclei. | the lec (long-evans with a cinnamon-like coat color) rat is a new mutant strain with hereditary hepatitis. the rate of dna synthesis, the relative amounts of binucleated cells, and the polyploidizations of lec hepatocytes have been analyzed. markedly high polyploidy, such as 32n and 64n, were detected after manifestation of hepatitis; however, no aneuploidy was detected. bi-, tri- and tetranucleated cells whose nuclei occasionally differed in size were observed after the manifestation of hepatit ... | 1989 | 2620308 |
| occurrence of autoimmune antibodies to liver microsomal proteins in association with fulminant hepatitis in the lec strain of rats. | the long evans cinnamon (lec) rat, which has been established as a strain showing hereditary hepatitis and hepatic carcinoma, was found to possess autoimmune antibodies to liver microsomal proteins, particularly to a protein with the molecular weight of 56kd. the antibodies also recognized a protein(s) in liver microsomes from long evans agouti and sprague-dawley rats. about 42 and 15 percent of respective female and male lec rats died within a week after acute hepatitis; sera from all of the an ... | 1991 | 1898395 |
| the prenatal development of the optic fissure in colobomatous microphthalmia. | the coloboma in the cinnamon mouse homozygous for the microphthalmia gene is caused when optic fissure closure, which normally occurs between the 11th and the 13th gestational day, does not occur. this study sought to determine the cause of this fusion failure, and to identify any foci of fusion that occur later in gestation. microphthalmic fetuses from the 11th-20th gestational day were obtained by datemating cinnamon mice heterozygous for the microphthalmia gene. coronal serial sections of the ... | 1991 | 1869414 |
| antimicrobial action of natural substances on oral bacteria. | the antimicrobial action of natural substances was investigated in vitro against oral bacteria including streptococcus sp., actinomyces sp., actinobacillus sp., bacteroides sp., capnocytophaga sp., eikenella sp., fusobacterium sp. and propionibacterium sp. among the natural substances tested, hinokitiol was the most inhibitory to oral bacteria. cinnamon bark oil, papua-mace extracts, and clove bud oil in spice extracts were also inhibitory against many oral bacteria. egg white lysozyme exhibited ... | 1989 | 2637783 |
| toxic manifestations of cinnamon oil ingestion in a child. | | 1989 | 2721094 |
| antiulcerogenic compounds isolated from chinese cinnamon. | two active compounds that prevent serotonin-induced ulcerogenesis in rats were isolated from chinese cinnamon (the stem bark of cinnamomum cassia) and identified as 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-propanoic acid and its o-glucoside. the former compound, administered orally or parenterally to rats at a remarkably low dose (40 micrograms/kg body weight), also inhibited gastric ulcers induced by the other ulcerogens such as phenylbutazone, ethanol, and water immersion stress, although it failed to prevent indo ... | 1989 | 2740458 |
| hepatocarcinogenesis in the lec rat with hereditary hepatitis. | a new mutant developing spontaneous hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma has been discovered among long evans rats. hepatitis appears suddenly in the mutant, long evans cinnamon (lec) rats, three to four months after birth. characteristic clinical signs of the hepatitis are jaundice, bilirubinuria, subcutaneous bleeding and loss of body weight. the affected rats showed a high mortality and histological changes with focal necrosis of hepatocytes and infiltration of a few inflammatory cells. gen ... | 1991 | 1844250 |
| reduced cholecystokinin in the brain of lec rats with hepatic encephalopathy. | levels of cholecystokinin (cck) immunoreactivity and distribution of cck immunoreactive cells were studied in the cerebral cortex of lec (long evans cinnamon) rats with hepatic encephalopathy. cck immunoreactivity in water extract of cerebral cortex of lec rats with hepatic encephalopathy (n = 7) was 41.5 +/- 2.6 (mean +/- s.e.m. pmol/g wet wt.) and that of lec rats without encephalopathy (n = 8) was 67.1 +/- 6.9, the difference being significant (p less than 0.01). cck immunoreactive cells asse ... | 1991 | 1758973 |
| [combined immunodeficiency in lec (long evans cinnamon) rats with spontaneous hepatitis]. | we investigated lec rats immunopathologically which spontaneously developed hepatitis to find out the genesis, in comparison with non-hepatitis lea (long evans agouti) rats. 1) wet weights of the spleen and thymus of 6-week old lec rats were significantly lighter than those of lea rats of the same age. 2) serum igg (immunoglobulin g) in lec rats remained markedly low after the age of two months and igg antibody formation to srbc (sheep red blood cell) as detected by plaque assay was also signifi ... | 1989 | 2796959 |
| selective expression and induction of cytochrome p450pb and p450mc during the development of hereditary hepatitis and hepatoma of lec rats. | the long-evans rat with a cinnamon-like coat color (lec rat) is a mutant strain displaying hereditary hepatitis with severe jaundice. the age related difference in microsomal dealkylation of pentoxyresorufin and ethoxyresorufin was examined. the enzyme activity levels of pentoxyresorufin o-depentylase in lec rats were decreased to 25% of the levels in control [long-evans rats with an agouti coat color (lea rats)]. in contrast, ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase exhibited a much less marked difference ... | 1989 | 2805235 |
| growth and survival of pseudomonas aeruginosa in some aromatic waters. | the ability of some aromatic waters at the in-use concentrations to enhance or inhibit the growth of microorganisms was determined by the antimicrobial preservative challenge method. anise, chloroform, cinnamon, clove, dill, lemon, peppermint and rose waters were challenged with ps. aeruginosa. levels of the surviving cells at different times were determined by the pour plate method. the antimicrobial effect of the corresponding undiluted aromatic oils against ps. aeruginosa was determined by th ... | 1991 | 1758905 |
| bullous contact allergy from cinnamon. | a young malay female presented with a bullous eruption as a manifestation of contact allergy to cinnamic aldehyde in cinnamon. the clinical and histological features resembled bullous pemphigoid but immunological markers for pemphigoid were absent. the patient responded to a short course of oral steroids. contact allergy can mimic pemphigoid. | 1988 | 3069433 |
| oral mucosal reactions to cinnamon-flavored chewing gum. | oral lesions induced by contact with cinnamon flavoring agents are relatively uncommon, and are probably unrecognized as such by many clinicians. ten patients with these lesions seen during the past 6 years are described in this report. most patients had a "burning sensation" as their primary symptom. clinically, lesions appeared as erythematous patches with varying degrees of superimposed keratosis or ulceration, or both. the lesions were usually confined to the buccal mucosa and lateral border ... | 1988 | 3164031 |
| immunological and respiratory findings in spice-factory workers. | immunological and respiratory findings were studied in a group of 45 female spice-factory workers (mean age: 39 years; mean exposure: 17 years). in addition a group of 45 female control workers matched by sex, age, and smoking habit were also studied. intradermal skin testing with mixed spice dust allergen demonstrated positive skin reactions in 73.3% of exposed and in 33.3% of control workers (p less than 0.001). increased ige serum levels were found in 36.8% of exposed and in 9.7% of the contr ... | 1988 | 3168968 |
| effect of certain volatile oils on ejaculated human spermatozoa. | the effect of 7 volatile oils -- oils of clove, peppermint, ajowan, dill, basil, cinnamon, and eugenol -- and 4 fixed oils -- groundnut, coconut, vegetable, and pure clarified butter -- on human spermatozoa in vitro were studied. fresh ejaculates were obtained from male partners of infertile couples. semen samples from 6 different donors were used for each dilution. percent change in motility over control was calculated. all the volatile oils studied revealed a potent spermicidal action. th ... | 1988 | 3169889 |
| [determination of cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon oil by gas chromatography]. | | 1988 | 3255531 |
| [methods for evaluation of antibacterial activity of essential oils: application to essences of thyme and cinnamon]. | | 1987 | 3430329 |
| early experience and reinforcer quality in delayed flavour-food learning in the rat. | the ability of hungry rats to associate flavours with the consequences of ingesting glucose solutions was studied in three experiments. experiment 1 used a procedure in which on some days one flavour, e.g. cinnamon, was presented and followed after 20 min by 20% glucose, while on other days a second flavour, e.g. wintergreen, was presented, but not followed by any event. during this training, subjects who received quinine-tainted glucose increased their consumption of the predictive flavour rela ... | 1987 | 3435136 |
| possible involvement of c-myc but not ras genes in hepatocellular carcinomas developing after spontaneous hepatitis in lec rats. | lec (long-evans with a cinnamon-like coat color) rats develop hepatocellular carcinomas (hccs) spontaneously. we examined mutations of codons 12, 13, and 61 of the ha-ras, ki-ras, and n-ras genes in four hccs by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-single-stranded dna direct sequencing method. no ras gene mutations were observed, suggesting that ras activation is not involved in spontaneous hepatocarcinogenesis in lec rats. the expression of mrnas for c-myc, ha-ras, c-raf, and the protein phospha ... | 1991 | 1714740 |
| reduced somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the brain of lec rats with hepatic encephalopathy. | somatostatin-14-like immunoreactivity (s14li) and somatostatin-28(1-12)-like immunoreactivity (s28(1-12)li) in the brain of lec (long evans cinnamon) rats with hepatic encephalopathy were measured. significant reduction of both s14li and s28(1-12)li was observed in the hypothalamus, medulla oblongata, striatum and spinal cord. both of the immunoreactivities in the hypothalamus of these rats were approx. 50% of those in lec rats without hepatic encephalopathy. the amounts of reduction of s14li si ... | 1991 | 1686662 |
| effect of selected inhibitors on growth, pigmentation, and aflatoxin production by aspergillus parasiticus. | we have treated a wild type strain of aspergillus parasiticus with several known aflatoxin inhibitors in hopes of finding specific metabolic blocks in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. in defined medium, benzoic acid (2 and 3 mg/ml), cinnamon (1 mg/ml), and sodium acetate (5 mg/ml) were fungitoxic. benzoic acid (0.5 and 1 mg/ml), chlorox (5 microliters/ml), and dimethyl sulfoxide (5 microliters/ml) did not affect dry weight or mycelial pigmentation. sodium benzoate (1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/ml) added ... | 1986 | 3724834 |
| analyses of polypeptides in the liver of a novel mutant (lec rats) to hereditary hepatitis and hepatoma by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: identification of p29/6.8 as carbonic anhydrase iii and triosephosphate isomerase. | 1. total cellular proteins from the livers of 4-, 16- and 52-week-old hepatitis- and hepatoma-predisposed long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats were compared to those from the livers of the corresponding control rats [long-evans agouti (lea) rats] by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. 2. a polypeptide, p50/7.2 (molecular weight x 10(-3)/isoelectric point) was only found in the lec rats, and the p43/6.4 component was greater and the p51/6.8 component was less in the lec rats than in the lea rats durin ... | 1991 | 1659965 |
| elevation of metallothionein gene expression associated with hepatic copper accumulation in long-evans cinnamon mutant rat. | the mechanism of the metallothionein (mt) gene expression was investigated in a mutant rat, lec, which exhibits an abnormal accumulation of copper in hepatocytes. the levels of mt mrna were extremely high and correlated with the hepatic copper concentrations in lec rat liver. gel retardation assays in nuclear extracts from lec rat liver showed an increase in the copper-dependent binding proteins, which bind to the metal responsive element (mre) of the mt gene. these results suggest that the high ... | 1992 | 1610899 |
| cinnamon oil burn. | | 1985 | 4024640 |
| copper-metallothionein induction in the liver of lec rats. | recently, copper (cu) was found to be unusually accumulated, suggesting the induction of metallothionein (mt) in the liver of lec rats (long-evans rats with a cinnamon-like coat color), which develop spontaneous jaundice with hereditary hepatitis. thus, the direct relationship between the unusual cu accumulation and the induction of cu-mt was investigated by giving lec rats cu-overloaded or cu-deficient diets. results based on the determinations of cu and mt levels in several organs, as well as ... | 1992 | 1610350 |
| brine saturation technique for extracting light filth from ground cinnamon: intralaboratory study. | an intralaboratory study was performed using the new brine saturation technique for isolating light filth from ground cinnamon. recoveries of light filth averaged greater than or equal to 96.5%. the excellent recovery plus improvements in safety and simplicity give this new technique considerable advantage over the present official method. | 1985 | 4086431 |
| the maternal and zygotic control of development by cinnamon, a new mutant in drosophila melanogaster. | | 1973 | 4207977 |
| multiple helminth infections in cinnamon-ringtail monkeys (cebus albifrons). | | 1967 | 4228081 |
| occurrence of athesmia sp. in the cinnamon ringtail monkey, cebus albifrons. | | 1968 | 4233857 |
| examination of cinnamon by direct thin-layer chromatography. | | 1965 | 4379617 |
| [studies on commercial cinnamon barks. ii. cinnamon barks in singapore market. (1)]. | | 1974 | 4477603 |
| [studies on commercial cinnamon barks. iii. cinnamon barks in medan market]. | | 1974 | 4477604 |
| [pharmacological studies on chinese cinnamon. i. central effects of cinnamaldehyde]. | | 1972 | 5063928 |
| studies on cinnamomum zeylanicum. | | 1972 | 5074050 |
| identification of polymeric 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan-3,4-diol from tannin extract of powdered cassia bark, saigon, cinnamon usp, cinnamomum loureirii nees, family lauraceae. | | 1971 | 5548229 |
| pharmacological studies on chinese cinnamon. v. catecholamine releasing effect of cinnamaldehyde in dogs. | effect of i.v. and i.d. cinnamaldehyde on plasma catecholamine concentration along with intestinal absorption of the drug was studied in anesthetized dogs. cinnamaldehyde increased plasma catecholamine concentration, the effect produced through i.d. route (50-100 mg/kg) being dose-dependent and more lasting compared with that through i.v. route (20 mg/kg). in the case of 200 mg/kg of i.d. cinnamaldehyde, an exceeding increase in this parameter was obtained during the later period of time course. ... | 1982 | 6130136 |
| a new series of oral medications for chronic (cancer) pain relief. | this new program of pain medication provides more even pain relief, avoiding the peaks and valleys of the traditional injections. patients remain lucid, slightly euphoric, and pain free--even from deep pain. the family is capable of coping and treating the patient in their home, without having to contend with anger, hostility, and frustration. the patients are cooperative, not as demanding, and for the most part, are able to verbalize freely about their impending death to family members and frie ... | 1984 | 6145539 |
| asthma and other symptoms in cinnamon workers. | cinnamon, which is the bark of the cinnamomum zeylanicum tree, contains cinnamic aldehyde, which is an irritant. workers processing cinnamon before export are exposed to much cinnamon dust. forty such workers with an average of four years' service in the industry were examined. thirty five workers (87.5%) had symptoms, nine having had asthma (22.5%). other symptoms, probably related to the irritant nature of cinnamon dust, were irritation of skin (50%), loss of hair (37.5%), and smarting of eyes ... | 1984 | 6232942 |
| copper metabolism in new mutant long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats causing hereditary hepatitis: gastrointestinal absorption and distribution of radioisotopic copper (64cu). | long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats 60 days old showed a concentration of 127.7 +/- 10.9 micrograms/g of cu in the liver, compared to 1.6 +/- 0.1 micrograms/g in fischer rats 60 days old. at 2 hr after an oral injection of 64cu, total retention of 64cu in the whole blood, liver and kidneys was 16.8 +/- 3.4% of the dose in lec rats, compared to 13.1 +/- 1.3% in fischer rats. the recovery rates of retained-64cu in the livers in lec and fischer rats were 82% and 59%, respectively. more than 90% and abou ... | 1992 | 1604047 |
| mutagenicity of extracts from ceylon cinnamon in the rec assay. | the extraction of about 1.9 kg of ceylon cinnamon (cinnamomum zeylanicum nees) with 10 litres each of petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol in a soxhlet apparatus produced extracts weighing 76, 28 and 270 g respectively for the three solvents. in the preliminary test the ethanol extract showed no mutagenic activity. however, both the petroleum ether and the chloroform extracts showed mutagenicity when tested in the rec assay using bacillus subtilis strains h17 (rec+) and m45 (rec-). when these ... | 1984 | 6421682 |
| comparison of disposition behavior and de-coppering effect of triethylenetetramine in animal model for wilson's disease (long-evans cinnamon rat) with normal wistar rat. | the disposition behaviors and de-coppering effect of triethylenetetramine dihydrochloride (trientine), a selective chelating agent for copper and an 'orphan drug' for wilson's disease, have been evaluated in an animal model, long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats, and normal rats (wistar). in lec rats, urinary excretion of trientine was remarkably lower than that of wistar rats. the absorption rates from the jejunal loop and in vitro metabolism in the liver s9 fraction (supernatant of 9000 x g) were app ... | 1992 | 1600113 |
| [studies on commercial cinnamon and allied barks. viii. cinnamon bark produced in viet-nam]. | | 1984 | 6470935 |
| effects of eltoprazine hydrochloride on reactivity to conspecific or novel odors and activity. | treatment with eltoprazine (du 28853) increased the number of entries by male mice into compartments containing the odors of male and female conspecifics. this effect was most pronounced when odors were provided by previously defeated males. in contrast, the drug had no effect upon responsiveness to the odors of cinnamon and chocolate. the results suggest that eltoprazine may selectively increase reactivity to conspecific odors and that this effect is further enhanced by agonistic experience. el ... | 1992 | 1584837 |
| sensitivity of heat-stressed yeasts to essential oils of plants. | eight strains of yeasts (candida lipolytica, debaryomyces hansenii, hansenula anomala, kloeckera apiculata, lodderomyces elongisporus, rhodotorula rubra, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and torulopsis glabrata) were examined for changes in sensitivity to eight essential oils of plants (allspice, cinnamon, clove, garlic, onion, oregano, savory, and thyme) after being sublethally heat stressed. with the exception of garlic oil for all test yeasts, onion oil for s. cerevisiae, and oregano oil for r. rubr ... | 1984 | 6712207 |
| inherited copper toxicity in long-evans cinnamon rats exhibiting spontaneous hepatitis: a model of wilson's disease. | the copper concentrations in organs of developing long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats (2 d to 13 mo) were measured to elucidate the pathogenesis of their hereditary hepatitis. hepatic copper contents of lec rats were significantly higher than those of control rats (26 to 92 times higher). the subcellular distribution of hepatic copper indicated that the nuclear and large granular fractions had been saturated and the cytosol fraction contained about 70% of all the hepatic copper in lec rats. the serum ... | 1992 | 1561010 |
| inhibition of aflatoxin formation by some spices. | the effects of black pepper, cinnamon, peppermint, cumin, ginger and clove on growth and aflatoxin formation of aspergillus flavus were studied in rice powdercorn steep (rc) medium. the effects of the first five spices were judged to be inhibition of aflatoxin formation rather than of mycelial growth. clove completely inhibited both mycelial growth and aflatoxin formation at a concentration above 0.1%. no aflatoxin was produced when cumin and mint levels of 5% and 10% were used. black pepper and ... | 1980 | 6778016 |
| the molybdoenzyme system of drosophila melanogaster. i. sulfite oxidase: identification and properties. expression of the enzyme in maroon-like (mal), low-xanthine dehydrogenase (lxd), and cinnamon (cin) flies. | sulfite oxidase (sulfite: ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase; ec 1.8.2.1) has been detected in drosophila melanogaster and some of its properties have been studied. in most respects this enzyme resembles the mammalian sulfite oxidases except for its molecular weight (148,000), which is somewhat higher than that of rat sulfite oxidase (116,000). cytochrome c, potassium-ferricyanide, and oxygen can serve as electron acceptors in the oxidation of sulfite by the enzyme. although definite evidence can ... | 1981 | 6800353 |
| genotoxicity of safrole-related chemicals in microbial test systems. | the genotoxicity of safrole, 9 compounds that are structurally similar to safrole (anethole, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, estragole, methyl eugenol, eugenol, isoeugenol, isosafrole, piperonal), 5 essential oils, cassia oil, cinnamon bark oil, clove oil, fennel oil) which contain the chemicals tested, and 1 oleoresin was studies in 3 microbial test systems. only anethole showed mutagenicity in the ames salmonella reversion assay. all chemicals except anethole, estragole and isosafrole were p ... | 1982 | 6808388 |
| mutagenicity screening of popular thai spices. | mutagenicity screening was carried out on 31 samples of popular thai spices derived from 12 different families of plants, namely the amaryllidaceae (2), graminae (1), labiatae (4), lauraceae (1), magnoliaceae (1), myristicaceae (2), myrtaceae (2), piperaceae (3), rutaceae (2), solanaceae (2), umbelliferae (2) and zingiberaceae (9). two variations of the rapid streak method of rec-assay in bacillus subtilis strains h17 (rec+) and m45 (rec-) were used. only ceylon cinnamon (the bark of cinnamomum ... | 1982 | 6815037 |
| effect of copper, cadmium, and zinc on percent spore germination of the cinnamon fern (osmunda cinnamomea) and the sensitive fern (onoclea sensibilis). | | 1983 | 6860808 |
| chronic urticaria investigations with patch and challenge tests. | 56 patients with chronic urticaria were patch tested with particular reference to the immediate weal response to a range of materials and this was followed by challenge tests to most of the same substances. positive immediate patch tests were commonly seen with balsam of peru and cinnamon and this appears to be a reaction in many normal subjects. positive challenge tests in patients who also had positive immediate patch tests to the same substance occurred in two patients with cinnamon and two p ... | 1982 | 7039968 |
| microbiological quality of some spices and herbs in retail markets. | the microbiological quality of 10 spices or herbs was determined by a national survey at the retail level. aerobic plate count values for the 10 products ranged from less than 100 to 3.1 x 10(8) per g; mean values of the individual spices or herbs ranged from 1,400 to 820,000 per g. coliform counts ranged from less than 3 to 1.1 x 10(6) per g; however, mean values were less than 20 per g for all products. escherichia coli counts ranged from less than 3 to 2,300 per g. except for celery seed, whi ... | 1982 | 7138003 |
| [value of a cinnamon and citronellyl oil mixture for the detection of allergy to perfumes]. | | 1982 | 7178488 |
| copper metabolism in the lec rat: involvement of induction of metallothionein and disposition of zinc and iron. | the cu concentration was about 40 times higher in the liver of lec (long-evans with a cinnamon-like coat color) rats aged 77 days (227.5 +/- 21.6 micrograms/g liver) than in fischer rats (5.2 +/- 0.1 microgram/g liver). however, in the kidney and brain of the lec rats, cu concentrations were lower than in these organs of the fischer rats. cu concentration in the hepatic metallothionein fraction was about 130 times higher in the lec rats than in the fischer rats. the lec rats showed markedly low ... | 1991 | 1936203 |
| perioral dermatitis from marjoram, bay leaf and cinnamon. | | 1981 | 7238011 |
| potential mold growth, aflatoxin production, and antimycotic activity of selected natural spices and herbs. | ground spices and herbs are evaluated as substrates for mycelial growth, sporulation, and aflatoxin production. three toxigenic strains of aspergilli, a. flavus atcc 15548, a. flavus nrrl 3251, and a. parasiticus nrrl 2999, were cultured on moist, commercially packaged herbs and spices. all substrates used were ground and included thyme, celery seed, oregano, cinnamon, ginger, caraway seed, clove, mustard, sesame seed, and rosemary leaves. following inoculation of the natural materials in steril ... | 1981 | 7275911 |
| spice allergy in celery-sensitive patients. | scratch tests (sct) with powdered commercial spices were performed in 70 patients with positive skin tests to birch and/or mugwort pollens and celery. positive sct to aniseed, fennel, coriander and cumin--all from the same botanical family (apiaceae) as celery--were observed in more than 24 patients. spices from unrelated families (red pepper, white pepper, ginger, nutmeg, cinnamon) elicited positive immediate skin test reactions only in three of 11 patients. specific serum ige to spices (determ ... | 1991 | 1957997 |