| herpersvirus strigis: host spectrum and distribution in infected owls. | herpesvirus strigis, a new species of the genus herpesvirus, is a pathogen for several species of owls in the order srigiformes. natural infection has been observed in the eagle owl (bubo bubo l.), long-eared owl (asio otus l.) and snowy owl (nyctea scandiaca l.) in addition the little owl (athene noctua scopolic) and tengmalms owl (aegolius funereus l.) was experimentally infected. on the other hand the tawny owl (strix aluco l.) and barn owl (tyto albo scopoli) proved resistant to a massive ex ... | 1975 | 167204 |
| the species of mallophaga in wild birds in iran. | up to date 2 species of mallophaga have been reported from birds in iran. further studies in tehran area showed that the wild birds harbour more lice. the following species of mallophage are reported for the first time from birds in iran. anaticola crassicornis from anas clypeata, laemobothrion maximum from falco tinnunculus laemobothrion sp. from aquila chrysaetos alcedoecus annulatus from alcedo athis, colpocephalum pectinatum and strigiphilus sp. from streptopelia turtur, amrysidea fulvomacul ... | 1975 | 1243890 |
| the electroretinogram of the little owl (athene noctua). | electroretinographic responses (ergs) have been recorded from the cornea of the little owl (athene noctua) in response to single light flashes and to alternating sinusoidal gratings (pattern) at different levels of light adaptation. both flash- and pattern-evoked ergs show scotopic as well as photopic components. the pattern evoked erg is spatially tuned with tuning functions which shift towards lower frequencies by reducing the mean luminance. the retinal acuity is about 6 c/deg at 2.3 log cd/m ... | 1989 | 2631390 |
| tawny owl (strix aluco) and hume's tawny owl (strix butleri) are distinct species: evidence from nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome b gene. | the cytochrome b gene of the tawny owl (strix aluco), hume's tawny owl (strix butleri) and the african wood owl (strix woodfordii) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and partially sequenced (300 base pairs). sequences differ substantially (9 to 12% nucleotide substitutions) between these taxa indicating that they represent distinct species, which is also implicated from morphological and biogeographic differences. using cytochrome b sequences of s. aluco, s. butleri, s. woodfordii, ... | 1994 | 8018253 |
| environmental exposure and distribution of lead in four species of raptors in southeastern spain. | the purpose of this study was to monitor exposure to lead in four species of raptors in southeastern spain (murcia region). samples of liver, kidney, brain, blood, and bone from two species of diurnal raptors (european kestrel (falco tinnunculus) and european buzzard (buteo buteo)) and two species of nocturnal raptors (eagle owl (bubo bubo) and little owl (athene noctua)) were obtained during 1994. relationships were found between size and age of the birds, the nearness to areas of human activit ... | 1997 | 9216874 |
| prevalence of haematozoa in birds of prey in catalonia, north-east spain. | blood samples from birds of prey, 95 strigiformes and 190 falconiformes, were examined for the presence of haematozoan parasites. the birds had been admitted to a raptor recovery centre in catalonia, north-east spain. parasites were counted in positive smears. a second blood sample was obtained from 99 birds at least seven days after their arrival at the centre. haematozoa were detected in all seven species of strigiformes and in nine of 19 species of falconiformes. the overall prevalences in th ... | 1999 | 10399244 |
| trichinella pseudospiralis in sedentary night-birds of prey from central italy. | trichinella pseudospiralis has been isolated from carnivorous and carrion-feeding mammals and birds in eastern europe, asia, australia, and north america, suggesting its cosmopolitan distribution. we conducted a survey to detect this parasite in raptorial and carrion-feeding birds in italy, examining muscles from 205 animals by artificial digestion. we isolated from the breast muscle 1 larva from a tawny owl (strix aluco) and 2 larvae from a little owl (athene noctua). these larvae were identifi ... | 1999 | 10461966 |
| ecotoxicological suitability of floodplain habitats in the netherlands for the little owl (athene noctua vidalli). | this study describes the actual risks of exposure to contaminants, which little owls (athene noctua vidalli) face in dutch river floodplains. the results indicate that pcbs pose a risk: not only are levels in little owls from floodplains higher than levels found in little owls from a reference site but the pcb patterns in owls from the floodplains also indicate induction of hepatic cytochrome p450 enzymes by dioxin like compounds, possibly pcbs. of the heavy metals, only cadmium is thought to po ... | 2003 | 12535601 |
| variation of heavy metals within and among feathers of birds of prey: effects of molt and external contamination. | in this study we examined the effect of external contamination on the heavy metal (ag, al, as, cd, co, cr, cu, fe, hg, mn, ni, pb and zn) concentration in feathers. we compared the heavy metal content among the 10 primary wing feathers of sparrowhawks (accipiter nisus), little owls (athene nocta) and barn owls (tyto alba) and the variation within the outermost tail feather of sparrowhawks and tawny owls (strix aluco). the concentration of hg was significantly higher in feathers molted first, sug ... | 2003 | 12758023 |
| helminth fauna of falconiform and strigiform birds of prey in galicia, northwest spain. | this is a survey of the helminth fauna of 285 individuals of 14 species of birds of prey (falconiformes and strigiformes) from galicia (northwest spain), namely buteo buteo, accipiter nisus, a. gentilis, milvus migrans, m. milvus, pernis apivorus, circus pygargus, falco tinnunculus, f. peregrinus, f. subbuteo, tyto alba, strix aluco, asio otus and athene noctua. a total of 15 helminth species were detected, namely 8 nematodes ( eucoleus dispar, capillaria tenuissima, synhimantus laticeps, microt ... | 2004 | 14714181 |
| heavy metal contamination in little owl (athene noctua) and common buzzard (buteo buteo) from northern italy. | in this study, two raptor species, the common buzzard (buteo buteo) and the little owl (athene noctua), were investigated for lead and cadmium concentrations, using liver, kidneys, pectoral muscle, sternum bone, and feathers. all the collected birds died at the centro recupero rapaci of lega italiana protezione uccelli in sala baganza (parma, italy). they arrived alive at the centro between november 1998 and november 1999 but died or were put to death as a consequence of injuries or other ailmen ... | 2005 | 15482841 |
| brominated flame retardants and organochlorine pollutants in eggs of little owls (athene noctua) from belgium. | residues of brominated diphenylethers (pbdes), organochlorinated pesticides (ocps) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were measured in 40 eggs of little owls (athene noctua), a terrestrial top predator from belgium. the major organohalogens detected were pcbs (median 2,600 ng/g lipid, range 790-23 000 ng/g lipid). pcb 153,138/163, 170, 180 and 187 were the predominant congeners and constituted 71% of total sum pcbs. pbdes were measurable in all samples, but their concentrations were much lower ... | 2005 | 15809110 |
| impact of a changed inundation regime caused by climate change and floodplain rehabilitation on population viability of earthworms in a lower river rhine floodplain. | river floodplains are dynamic and fertile ecosystems where soil invertebrates such as earthworms can reach high population densities. earthworms are an important food source for a wide range of organisms including species under conservation such as badgers. flooding, however, reduces earthworm numbers. populations recover from cocoons that survive floods. if the period between two floods is too short such that cocoons cannot develop into reproductive adults, populations cannot sustain themselves ... | 2007 | 17140641 |
| isolation of newcastle disease virus from birds of prey. | in the 4 year period 1971-74 11 isolations of newcastle disease virus (ndv) were made from 44 birds of prey that died in captivity. three species of falconiformes were involved, including one red-headed falcon (falco chicquera), 5 european kestrels (f. tinnunculus), and 2 secretary birds (sagittarius serpentarius), also 2 species of strigiformes, comprising 2 barn owls (tyto alba) and one little owl (athene noctua). all ndv isolates were of the velogenic type. | 1976 | 18777349 |
| eco-space: an object-oriented, spatially explicit model to assess the risk of multiple environmental stressors on terrestrial vertebrate populations. | wildlife organisms are exposed to a combination of chemical, biological and physical stressors. information about the relative impact of each stressor can support management decisions, e.g., by the allocation of resources to counteract those stressors that cause most harm. the present paper introduces eco-space; a novel receptor-oriented cumulative exposure model for wildlife species that includes relevant ecological processes such as spatial habitat variation, food web relations, predation, and ... | 2010 | 20005557 |
| permanent genetic resources added to the molecular ecology resources database 1 february 2010-31 march 2010. | this article documents the addition of 228 microsatellite marker loci to the molecular ecology resources database. loci were developed for the following species: anser cygnoides, apodemus flavicollis, athene noctua, cercis canadensis, glis glis, gubernatrix cristata, haliotis tuberculata, helianthus maximiliani, laricobius nigrinus, laricobius rubidus, neoheligmonella granjoni, nephrops norvegicus, oenanthe javanica, paramuricea clavata, pyrrhura orcesi and samanea saman. these loci were cross-t ... | 2010 | 21565086 |
| occurrence of giardia and cryptosporidium in wild birds in galicia (northwest spain). | faecal samples were obtained from 433 wild birds being treated in wildlife recovery centres in galicia (northwest spain), between february 2007 and september 2009. the birds belonged to 64 species representing 17 different orders. giardia cysts and cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by an immunofluorescence antibody test and identified at the molecular level by established pcr-sequencing methods. the overall prevalence of giardia was 2·1% and that of cryptosporidium, 8·3%. to our knowledge, t ... | 2015 | 25669618 |
| evidence of genotypes 1 and 3 of avian hepatitis e virus in wild birds. | although the presence of four genotypes of avian hepatitis e virus (hev) in chickens has been demonstrated, its natural host range is still barely known. in this study, swab samples from 626 wild birds originating from 62 bird species were investigated for hev detection by molecular methods. the aim was to explore the cross-species infection of avian hev and to compare the genetic diversity between strains infecting chicken and wild birds. in total, 8 positive samples from 4 different bird speci ... | 2017 | 27890632 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. avium found in raptors exposed to infected domestic fowl. | we report a case of a falcon breeding facility, where raptors (both diurnal and nocturnal) were raised in contact with domestic fowl (gallus gallus f. domesticus) infected by mycobacterium avium subsp. avium. fecal and environmental samples from 20 raptors and four common ravens (corvus corax) were collected. mycobacterium a. avium dna was detected in feces of four raptors (bald eagle [haliaeetus leucocephalus], eagle owl [bubo bubo], barn owl [tyto alba], and little owl [athene noctua]) using t ... | 2013 | 24283140 |
| newcastle disease virus in little owls (athene noctua) and african penguins (spheniscus demersus) in an israeli zoo. | newcastle disease is a contagious and often fatal disease, capable of affecting all species of birds. a velogenic newcastle disease virus (vndv) outbreak occurred in an israeli zoo, in which little owls (athene noctua) and african penguins (spheniscus demersus) were found positive for presence of ndv. some of them have died. the diagnostic process included: post-mortem examination, histopathology, real-time rt-pcr assay, virus isolation, serology, intracerebral pathogenicity index and phylogenet ... | 2014 | 23406442 |
| [parasite fauna of austrian owls (strigiformes)]. | during the examination of 182 owls--asio otus (51), strix aluco (44), bubo bubo (34), nyctea scandiaca (15), athene noctua (14), otus scops (9), tyto alba (4), aegolius funereus (3), glaucidium passerinum (2), asio flammeus (2), indigenous "owls" (4)--5 protozoan species, 3 trematode species, 1 cestode species, 6 nematode species, 3 acanthocephalan species, 2 acaride species and 7 insect species could be discovered. dermanyssus hirundinis was proved on the long-eared owl and carnus hemapterus on ... | 1982 | 7165130 |
| wulst efferents in the little owl athene noctua: an investigation of projections to the optic tectum. | the efferent projections from the wulst were studied in the little owl, athene noctua, using anterograde migration of wheat-germ-agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). wulst projections were distributed to telencephalic, diencephalic and mesencephalic targets in a general pattern similar to that previously described in other avian species. our results on the organization of the wulst-optic tectum pathway in the little owl reveal well defined and laminarly arranged terminal proje ... | 1992 | 1555108 |
| binocularity in the little owl, athene noctua. i. anatomical investigation of the thalamo-wulst pathway. | the efferent projections from the visual thalamus to the wulst were studied in the little owl, athene noctua. cells of origin were identified by retrograde labeling after injections of wheat-germ-agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase into the wulst. the labeled-cell distribution was correlated with the distribution of anterogradely labeled retinal terminals as revealed by intraocular injections of horseradish peroxidase. the results demonstrated a bilateral thalamofugal visual pathway asc ... | 1990 | 2340413 |
| comparative analysis of complete mitochondrial dna control region of four species of strigiformes. | the sequence of the whole mitochondrial (mt) dna control region (cr) of four species of strigiformes was obtained. length of the cr was 3,290 bp, 2,848 bp, 2,444 bp, and 1,771 bp for asio flammeus, asio otus, athene noctua, and strix aluco, respectively. interestingly, the length of the control region was maximum in asio flammeus among all the avian mtdna control regions sequenced thus far. in addition, the base composition and organization of mtdna cr of asio flammeus were identical to those re ... | 2006 | 17112967 |
| diversity of quill mites of the family syringophilidae (acari: prostigmata) parasitizing owls (aves: strigiformes) with remarks on the host-parasite relationships. | the quill mite fauna of the family syringophilidae (acari: prostigmata: cheyletoidea) associated with owls (aves: strigiformes) is reviewed. a new genus is proposed, neobubophilus skoracki & unsoeld gen. nov. it differs from closely related bubophilus (bubophilus philips and norton, 1978) by the absence of leg setae vsii in the both sexes. in addition, four new species are described: (1) neobubophilus cunicularius skoracki & unsoeld sp. nov. from athene cunicularia (molina, 1782) (strigidae) fro ... | 2016 | 27220744 |
| reproductive consequences of farmland heterogeneity in little owls (athene noctua). | the amount of high-quality habitat patches, their distribution, and the resource accessibility therein play a key role in regulating habitat effects on reproductive success. heterogeneous habitats offer non-substitutable resources (e.g. nest sites and food) and substitutable resources (e.g. different types of food) in close proximity, thereby facilitating landscape complementation and supplementation. however, it remains poorly understood how spatial resource separation in homogeneous agricultur ... | 2017 | 28132106 |
| the first exposure assessment of legacy and unrestricted brominated flame retardants in predatory birds of pakistan. | the exposure to legacy polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), hexabromocyclododecanes (hbcdds) and unrestricted 1,2-bis (2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (btbpe), bis (2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (beh-tebp) and 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-benzoate (eh-tbb) was examined in tail feathers of 76 birds belonging to ten predatory species inhabiting pakistan. in addition, different feather types of six individuals of black kite (milvus migrans) were compared for their brominated flame r ... | 2017 | 27884470 |
| prognostic indicators associated with early mortality of wild raptors admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in spain. | assessment of the prognostic indicators of wildlife casualties is critical in wildlife rehabilitation practice, to optimize the use of economical resources, and to protect animal welfare. few studies have been conducted in this field. | 2015 | 25443779 |
| weather conditions drive dynamic habitat selection in a generalist predator. | despite the dynamic nature of habitat selection, temporal variation as arising from factors such as weather are rarely quantified in species-habitat relationships. we analysed habitat use and selection (use/availability) of foraging, radio-tagged little owls (athene noctua), a nocturnal, year-round resident generalist predator, to see how this varied as a function of weather, season and availability. use of the two most frequently used land cover types, gardens/buildings and cultivated fields va ... | 2014 | 24516615 |
| occurrence and biomagnification of organohalogen pollutants in two terrestrial predatory food chains. | organohalogen pollutants (ohps), including dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and its metabolites (ddts), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), hexabromocyclododecanes (hbcds), and dechlorane plus (dp), were determined in three raptor species, namely, the common kestrel (falco tinnunculus), eagle owl (bubo bubo), and little owl (athene noctua), as well as in their primary prey items: eurasian tree sparrow (passer montanus) and brown rat (rattus norvegicus). ddts ... | 2013 | 23830888 |
| a comparative study of corneal sensitivity in birds of prey. | to determine and compare the corneal sensitivity in healthy wild diurnal and nocturnal birds of prey (bp) indigenous to catalonia (spain), and to establish if age is a determining factor in corneal sensitivity in those species. | 2014 | 23750555 |
| colour also matters for nocturnal birds: owlet bill coloration advertises quality and influences parental feeding behaviour in little owls. | chromatic signals of offspring quality have been shown to play a role in parent-offspring communication in diurnal birds, but are assumed to be useless in dim light conditions because colour-based discrimination probably requires more light. a major ecological and evolutionary conundrum in this scenario is why the nestlings of some nocturnal owls display colourful beaks. here, we test the hypothesis that yellow bill coloration of owlets of the nocturnal little owl athene noctua may function as a ... | 2013 | 23443357 |
| helminth communities of owls (strigiformes) indicate strong biological and ecological differences from birds of prey (accipitriformes and falconiformes) in southern italy. | we compared the helminth communities of 5 owl species from calabria (italy) and evaluated the effect of phylogenetic and ecological factors on community structure. two host taxonomic scales were considered, i.e., owl species, and owls vs. birds of prey. the latter scale was dealt with by comparing the data here obtained with that of birds of prey from the same locality and with those published previously on owls and birds of prey from galicia (spain). a total of 19 helminth taxa were found in ow ... | 2012 | 23300921 |
| schirmer tear test type i readings and intraocular pressure values assessed by applanation tonometry (tonopen® xl) in normal eyes of four european species of birds of prey. | to determine normal values for schirmer tear test i and intraocular pressure in four european species of birds of prey. | 2013 | 23173951 |
| contaminant exposure in relation to spatio-temporal variation in diet composition: a case study of the little owl (athene noctua). | we assessed dietary exposure of the little owl athene noctua to trace metal contamination in a dutch rhine river floodplain area. diet composition was calculated per month for three habitat types, based on the population densities of six prey types (earthworms, ground beetles and four small mammal species) combined with the little owl's functional response to these prey types. exposure levels showed a strong positive relationship with the dietary fraction of earthworms, but also depended on the ... | 2012 | 22325438 |
| alarm calls modulate the spatial structure of a breeding owl community. | animals should continuously assess the threat of predation. alarm calls inform on predation risk and are often used as cues to shape behavioural responses in birds and mammals. hitherto, however, the ecological consequences of alarm calls in terms of organization of animal communities have been neglected. here, we show experimentally that calls of a resident nocturnal raptor, the little owl athene noctua, triggered a response in terms of breeding habitat selection and investment in current repro ... | 2012 | 22279165 |
| ocular consequences of blunt trauma in two species of nocturnal raptors (athene noctua and otus scops). | to determine the type, prevalence, and prognosis of ocular and periocular lesions in free-living little owls (lo) and scops owls (so), injured by blunt trauma. | 2012 | 22151088 |
| long-term trends in survival of a declining population: the case of the little owl (athene noctua) in the netherlands. | the little owl (athene noctua) has declined significantly in many parts of europe, including the netherlands. to understand the demographic mechanisms underlying their decline, we analysed all available dutch little owl ringing data. the data set spanned 35 years, and included more than 24,000 ringed owls, allowing detailed estimation of survival rates through multi-state capture-recapture modelling taking dispersal into account. we investigated geographical and temporal variation in age-specifi ... | 2011 | 21153739 |
| bilateral mydriasis in common buzzards (buteo buteo) and little owls (athene noctua) induced by concurrent topical administration of rocuronium bromide. | to evaluate the achievement of a bilateral mydriasis in raptors induced by a concurrent topical application of rocuronium bromide and to assess any side effects that might result from its use. animals studied ten healthy adult common buzzards (buteo buteo) and 10 healthy adult little owls (athene noctua). | 2010 | 20840082 |
| predation risk determines breeding territory choice in a mediterranean cavity-nesting bird community. | non-direct effects of predation can be an important component of the total effect of predation, modulating animal population and community dynamics. the isolated effects of predation risk on the spatial organisation of the breeding bird community, however, remains poorly studied. we investigated whether an experimentally increased predation risk prior to reproduction affected breeding territory selection and subsequent reproductive strategies in three mediterranean cavity-nesting birds, i.e., th ... | 2011 | 20652593 |
| clinical pathological findings in an owl (athene noctua) with microfilaraemia in italy. | we report the first case of microfilaria infection in a free-flying owl athene noctua in italy. a macroparasite, about 10.1-mm long, was observed in the right chamber of the heart. on microscopic examination microfilariae were seen in liver, kidney, myocardium and lungs, although no cellular reaction was present in association with the parasites in any of these tissues. because of the low pathogenicity of this parasite, infection with microfilaria may be not harmful in wild owls. | 2007 | 17381675 |
| spatial variability and uncertainty in ecological risk assessment: a case study on the potential risk of cadmium for the little owl in a dutch river flood plain. | this paper outlines a procedure that quantifies the impact of different sources of spatial variability and uncertainty on ecological risk estimates. the procedure is illustrated in a case study that estimates the risks of cadmium for a little owl (athene noctua vidalli) living in a dutch river flood plain along the river rhine. a geographical information system (gis) was used to quantify spatial variability in contaminant concentrations and habitats. it was combined with an exposure and effect m ... | 2005 | 15871253 |
| parasitic helminths in the digestive tract of six species of owls (strigiformes) in spain. | a survey was carried out in catalonia, spain to determine the prevalence of parasitic helminths infesting the digestive tract of nocturnal raptors (strigiformes). one hundred birds belonging to six owl species were examined. the number of birds examined ranged between three and 30. the overall level of infestation was 65% and the most frequent helminths present were nematodes, followed by trematodes, cestodes and acanthocephalans. strigiformes showing the highest levels of infestation were littl ... | 2004 | 14975393 |
| cadmium, chromium and lead contamination of athene noctua, the little owl, of bologna and parma, italy. | a study was conducted to determine cadmium, chromium and lead concentrations in liver and brain of 52 little owls (athene noctua) from two provinces of emilia romagna region, with the aim of furnishing indirect information concerning contamination of their habitat, also considering possible environmental dispersion of the metals. metal analysis was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with graphite furnace. variance analysis with sampling area, gender and age shows that no statistica ... | 2003 | 12821006 |
| seasonal variation of territory size with the little owl (athene noctua). | in a population of little owls (athene noctua) at the lower rhine (frg), the factors were studied that influence the size and shape of territories of this non-migrating, all-year territorial owl species. these studies were carried out between september 1984 and june 1987. the birds were individually marked with transmitter packages so that their locomotional movements could be monitored. using a standard protable stimulus (a dummy with an attached loudspeaker) the territorial boundaries of 19 ma ... | 1990 | 28313245 |
| binocularity in the little owl, athene noctua. ii. properties of visually evoked potentials from the wulst in response to monocular and binocular stimulation with sine wave gratings. | visually evoked potentials (veps) have been recorded from the wulst surface of the little owl, athene noctua, in response to counterphase-reversal of sinusoidal gratings with different contrast, spatial frequency and mean luminance, presented either monocularly or binocularly. monocular full-field stimuli presented to either eye evoked veps of similar amplitude, waveform and latency. under binocular viewing, veps approximately doubled in amplitude without waveform changes. veps with similar char ... | 1990 | 2340414 |
| [on the parathyroid vesicles in birds (athene noctua)]. | | 1971 | 5165485 |
| [study of the ultimobranchial body, with morphological and experimental research in athene noctua]. | | 1968 | 5745259 |
| palpebral asymmetry in the dark-adapted owl (athene noctua) following unilateral irreversible visual deafferentation. | | 1952 | 13867953 |
| the normal electrocardiogram of four species of conscious raptors. | the aim of this study was to describe normal ecg patterns and values in four species of conscious raptors (eurasian kestrel, griffon vulture, little owl, and eurasian eagle owl). electrocardiograms were carried out in 75 conscious birds belonging to four species of raptors. lead ii waveforms were analysed to determine amplitudes and durations of waves and intervals. morphologic patterns of p-qrs-t deflections were analysed in the six limb leads. rhythm, heart rate, mean electrical axis, presence ... | 2008 | 17451765 |
| species differences in avian serum b esterases revealed by chromatofocusing and possible relationships of esterase activity to pesticide toxicity. | serum cholinesterase (bche) and carboxylesterase (cbe) activities were investigated in ten species of birds. multiple forms of serum bche and cbe were also separated by chromatofocusing. higher cbe activity and a wider range of cbe and bche forms were present in the sera of omnivorous/herbivorous birds than carnivores. omnivores/herbivores studied were the starling, house sparrow, tree sparrow, pigeon, partridge and magpie. serum cbe activities of these species ranged from 0.46 to 2.93 mumol/min ... | 1991 | 2009098 |
| hematologic reference intervals and age effect in european strigiformes. | the clinical importance of hematologic testing in avian veterinary medicine is reflected in the increasing number of studies for the establishment of hematologic ris of strigiformes and other species. age is an important physiologic factor in birds and the effect on hematology variable should be understood. | 2017 | 28712138 |
| the assessment of biases in the acoustic discrimination of individuals. | animal vocalizations contain information about individual identity that could potentially be used for the monitoring of individuals. however, the performance of individual discrimination is subjected to many biases depending on factors such as the amount of identity information, or methods used. these factors need to be taken into account when comparing results of different studies or selecting the most cost-effective solution for a particular species. in this study, we evaluate several biases a ... | 2017 | 28486488 |
| explaining differences between bioaccumulation measurements in laboratory and field data through use of a probabilistic modeling approach. | in the regulatory context, bioaccumulation assessment is often hampered by substantial data uncertainty as well as by the poorly understood differences often observed between results from laboratory and field bioaccumulation studies. bioaccumulation is a complex, multifaceted process, which calls for accurate error analysis. yet, attempts to quantify and compare propagation of error in bioaccumulation metrics across species and chemicals are rare. here, we quantitatively assessed the combined in ... | 2012 | 21538836 |
| lateralisation in birds of prey: adaptive and phylogenetic considerations. | lateralisation, the different use of one or other side or appendix of the body, is basically determined by brain asymmetry which, in turn, is likely to be due to adaptive reasons. several studies have been carried out on birds in general. however, birds of prey in particular, although they are very good candidates, have not been investigated from the sensory lateralisation point of view. in fact, many species scan for prey while perched and capture terrestrial prey with the feet, having at the s ... | 2004 | 15519000 |
| a probabilistic model for deriving soil quality criteria based on secondary poisoning of top predators. ii. calculations for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) and cadmium. | a simplified food web with three trophic levels is designed: plants and invertebrates at the first, small birds and mammals at the second, and birds and beasts of prey at the third trophic level. exposure of top predators via separate food chains is analyzed. however, most top predator species are exposed via more than one food chain (food web). therefore, a species-specific approach is followed too, for which four bird of prey species and two beast of prey species with different food choices ar ... | 1996 | 8812196 |
| avispora mochogalegoi n. sp. (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae) in the little owl, athene noctua (strigiformes: strigidae), in mainland portugal. | the little owl athene noctua (scopoli, 1769) is a small raptor that is widely distributed from northern to southern portugal and several other countries in europe, asia and north africa, and which has been introduced into new zealand. in the current study, 18 fecal samples were collected from little owls kept at the lisbon center for wild animal recovery, which is located in monsanto forest park, lisbon, portugal. twelve (67%) of them were found to be passing an undescribed species of avispora i ... | 2017 | 28977249 |
| quaternary climatic fluctuations and resulting climatically suitable areas for eurasian owlets. | the nested pattern in the geographical distribution of three indian owlets, resulting in a gradient of endemicity, is hypothesized to be an impact of historical climate change. in current time, the forest owlet athene blewitti is endemic to central india, and its range is encompassed within the ranges of the jungle owlet glaucidium radiatum (distributed through south asia) and spotted owlet athene brama (distributed through iran, south and southeast asia). another phylogenetically close species, ... | 2019 | 31031949 |
| identification of newcastle disease virus subgenotype vii.2 in wild birds in turkey. | newcastle disease viruses (ndvs) can spread across continents via migratory birds. hence, we investigated the frequency of ndv in both non-migratory and birds migrating on the black sea-mediterranean flyway, in istanbul, turkey. birds were trapped using nets placed around the kucukcekmece lake avcilar, istanbul, in spring seasons of 2016 and 2018. in total, 297 birds belonging to 42 different species were trapped, categorized according to species and sex, and flocked oropharyngeal swabs were col ... | 2020 | 32771001 |
| monitoring of heavy metal burden in wild birds at eastern/north-eastern part of hungary. | concentrations of different heavy metals (as, cd, cr, cu, hg, pb, zn) were examined in the contour feathers of long-eared owl (asio otus), little owl (athene noctua), tawny owl (strix aluco), barn owl (tyto alba), eurasian sparrowhawk (accipiter nisus), rook (corvus frugilegus), hooded crow (corvus cornix), carrion crow (corvus corone), common buzzard (buteo buteo) and barn swallow (hirundo rustica). the samples were collected from the hortobágyi madárpark (bird hospital foundation) in hungary. ... | 2018 | 29249025 |
| resurrection of the genus eumonospora (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae) for caryospora species without stieda body. | the coccidian genus eumonospora allen, 1933 is re-established. despite morphological features and host preference among species, coccidian with octasporozoic and monosporocystic oocysts are traditionally consider to belonging in the genus caryospora léger, 1904 (apicomplexa: eimeriidae). recently, the genus avispora schuster et al., 2016 was proposed for above caryosporoids parasitizing birds based on combined morphological and phylogenetic analyses. however, diagnostic morphological characters ... | 2020 | 32147506 |
| distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in feather and muscle of the birds of prey from beijing, china. | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in the feather and muscle of common kestrels (falco tinnunculus), eagle owls (bubo bubo) and little owls (athene noctua) collected from beijing, china were investigated. the concentrations of ∑23pbdes in the muscle and feather of all the birds of prey ranged from 46 to 7.77 × 104 ng/g lipid weight (lw; median 241 ng/g lw) and 1.50-191 ng/g dry weight (dw; median 21.1 ng/g dw), respectively. higher brominated congeners, e.g., bde-209, -153, -207 and -196 wer ... | 2018 | 30212735 |
| what determines prey selection in owls? roles of prey traits, prey class, environmental variables, and taxonomic specialization. | ecological theory suggests that prey size should increase with predator size, but this trend may be masked by other factors affecting prey selection, such as environmental constraints or specific prey preferences of predator species. owls are an ideal case study for exploring how predator body size affects prey selection in the presence of other factors due to the ease of analyzing their diets from owl pellets and their widespread distributions, allowing interspecific comparisons between variabl ... | 2018 | 29607033 |
| nocturnal noise and habitat homogeneity limit species richness of owls in an urban environment. | habitat loss and fragmentation are listed among the most significant effects of urbanization, which is regarded as an important threat to wildlife. owls are the top predators in most terrestrial habitats, and their presence is a reliable indicator of ecosystem quality and complexity. however, influence of urbanization on owl communities, anthropogenic noise in particular, has not been investigated so far. the aim of this study was to identify the role of noise and landcover heterogeneity in the ... | 2019 | 31012067 |
| [patterns of bird nocturnal migration at shenyang taoxian international airport, northeast china]. | the high frequency of bird strikes at night during the migration season is a remarkable characteristic of bird strikes at airports. understanding the nocturnal migration patterns of birds is important for improving the methods to prevent bird strikes at night. in this study, we combined the methods of mist-net capture and sound recording to examine the composition of bird species and the patterns of nocturnal migration at taoxian airport. we found that 56 species of birds (88.9% of the total) mi ... | 2019 | 30907552 |
| detection and genetic characterization of a novel parvovirus (family parvoviridae) in barn owls (tyto alba) in hungary. | in this study, a novel parvovirus (gyb-mr02/2015/hun, mt580795) was detected in barn owls (tyto alba) and genetically characterized using viral metagenomics and pcr methods. the ns1 and vp1 proteins of gyb-mr02/2015/hun share only 45.4% and 50.1% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, to the corresponding proteins of peafowl parvovirus 2 (mk988620), the closest relative. out of 11 faecal specimens from owls (six from little owls, three from barn owls, and two from long-eared owls), two barn ... | 2020 | 33136208 |
| evodevo in owl ear asymmetry-the little owl (athene noctua). | owls are well adapted to nocturnal hunting. this includes vision tuned to low level light conditions, silent flight, and asymmetrical ears. asymmetrical ears facilitate sound localization and evolved up to seven times independently in the evolutionary history of owls. however, there are also owl species with a crepuscular or diurnal lifestyle, like the little owl (athene noctua), that have symmetrical ears as adults. here we show that a small, but significant ear asymmetry occurs in the embryoni ... | 2019 | 30736925 |
| plasma biochemistry ris and age effect in european strigiformes. | blood biochemistry and hematology are essential in the laboratory diagnosis of disease. in strigiformes, little information regarding reference values and influence of different preanalytic factors is available, while age is known to have an effect on some biochemistry analytes, especially in early life characterized by a rapid growth rate and increase in body mass. | 2018 | 29575142 |
| effect of topical ophthalmic instillation of rocuronium bromide on the intraocular pressure of kestrels (falco tinnunculus) and little owls (athene noctuae). | to assess the effect of rocuronium bromide-induced mydriasis on the intraocular pressure (iop) of kestrels (falco tinnunculus) and little owls (athene noctuae). | 2019 | 31793838 |
| exact inference for integrated population modelling. | integrated population modelling is widely used in statistical ecology. it allows data from population time series and independent surveys to be analysed simultaneously. in classical analysis the time-series likelihood component can be conveniently approximated using kalman filter methodology. however, the natural way to model systems which have a discrete state space is to use hidden markov models (hmms). the proposed method avoids the kalman filter approximations and monte carlo simulations. su ... | 2019 | 30746692 |
| mitogenome of the little owl athene noctua and phylogenetic analysis of strigidae. | new advances in molecular approaches for dna analysis have enhanced our understanding of the phylogenetic relationship of birds. the little owl (athene noctua) is of great significance for the integrated management of forest diseases and control of regional pests. here, we sequenced and annotated the 17,772 bp complete mitogenome of a. noctua. the mitogenome encoded 37 typical mitochondrial genes: 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal rna genes, 22 transfer rna, and one non-coding control regio ... | 2020 | 32097733 |
| political borders impact associations between habitat suitability predictions and resource availability. | by linking species of conservation concern to their abiotic and biotic requirements, habitat suitability models (hsm) can assist targeted conservation measures. yet, conservation measures may fail if hsm are unable to predict crucial resources. hsm are typically developed using remotely sensed land-cover classification data but not information on resources per se. | 2020 | 33071456 |
| morphological and genetic characterisation of centrorhynchus clitorideus (meyer, 1931) (acanthocephala: centrorhynchidae) from the little owl athene noctua (scopoli) (strigiformes: strigidae) in pakistan. | centrorhynchus lühe, 1911 is a large genus of acanthocephalans mainly parasitic in various strigiform and falconiform birds. some species of centrorhynchus have not been adequately described. here, the detailed morphology of c. clitorideus (meyer, 1931) was studied using light and, for the first time, scanning electron microscopy, based on newly collected specimens from the little owl athene noctua (scopoli) (strigiformes: strigidae) in pakistan. partial sequences of the 18s and 28s nuclear ribo ... | 2020 | 32776273 |
| differences in encounters, likeability and desirability of wildlife species among residents of a greek city. | urbanization is ever-increasing worldwide and urban green spaces and their associated wildlife are becoming critically important for human well-being. understanding public preferences for urban wildlife would allow urban planners and managers for designing successful management plans. 600 greek urban residents were asked to rate their frequency of encounters, likeability and desirability to encounter more often 30 urban wildlife taxa. factor analysis identified three groups varying in degree of ... | 2020 | 32540658 |
| characterization of the complete mitogenome of centrorhynchus clitorideus (meyer, 1931) (palaeacanthocephala: centrorhynchidae), the largest mitochondrial genome in acanthocephala, and its phylogenetic implications. | species of centrorhynchus (polymorphida: centrorhynchidae) commonly parasitize various falconiform and strigiform birds worldwide. in the present study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences of centrorhynchus clitorideus was sequenced and annotated for the first time based on specimens collected from the little owl athene noctua (scopoli) (strigiformes: strigidae) in pakistan. the complete mt genome sequences of c. clitorideus is 15,884 bp in length, and contained 36 genes [two rrna g ... | 2020 | 32243910 |
| melanism influences the use of social information in a polymorphic owl. | social information use has well-known fitness benefits. however, causes underlying the apparent inter-individual variability in the propensity to use social information are poorly studied. melanins are pigments responsible for most of intra-specific color variation in vertebrates and their variation is often associated with changes in behaviour. here, we explored whether melanism is related to individual propensity to use social information in the color polymorphic scops owl otus scops. we manip ... | 2020 | 32024960 |
| experimentally disentangling intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of natal dispersal in a nocturnal raptor. | equivocal knowledge of the phase-specific drivers of natal dispersal remains a major deficit in understanding causes and consequences of dispersal and thus, spatial dynamics within and between populations. we performed a field experiment combining partial cross-fostering of nestlings and nestling food supplementation in little owls (athene noctua). this approach disentangled the effect of nestling origin from the effect of the rearing environment on dispersal behaviour, while simultaneously inve ... | 2019 | 31480971 |
| morphological and genetic characterization of the poorly known species subulura chinensis schwartz, 1926 (nematoda: ascaridida) from athene noctua (scopoli) (strigiformes: strigidae). | subulura chinensis schwartz, 1926 is a hitherto poorly known nematode species. the morphology of s. chinensis has not been sufficiently well described. in addition, the molecular data from species of the subuluroidea are extremely limited. | 2019 | 31069646 |
| calibrating an individual-based movement model to predict functional connectivity for little owls. | dispersal is crucial for population viability and thus a popular target for conservation measures. however, the ability of individuals to move between habitat patches is notoriously difficult to estimate. one solution is to quantify functional connectivity via realistic individual-based movement models. such simulation models, however, are difficult to build and even more difficult to parameterize. here, we use the example of natal little owl (athene noctua) dispersal to develop a new analysis c ... | 2019 | 30756457 |
| receivers matter: the meaning of alarm calls and competition for nest sites in a bird community. | animal communities may constitute information networks where individuals gain information on predation risk by eavesdropping on alarm calls of other species. however, communities include species in different trophic levels, and it is not yet known how the trophic level of the receiver influences the informative value of a call. furthermore, no empirical study has yet tested how increased competition may influence the value of alarm calls for distinct receivers. here, we identify the importance o ... | 2018 | 29637297 |
| using population viability analysis, genomics, and habitat suitability to forecast future population patterns of little owl athene noctua across europe. | the agricultural scene has changed over the past decades, resulting in a declining population trend in many species. it is therefore important to determine the factors that the individual species depend on in order to understand their decline. the landscape changes have also resulted in habitat fragmentation, turning once continuous populations into metapopulations. it is thus increasingly important to estimate both the number of individuals it takes to create a genetically viable population and ... | 2017 | 29299275 |
| west nile and usutu virus infections in wild birds admitted to rehabilitation centres in extremadura, western spain, 2017-2019. | west nile virus (wnv) is an emerging flavivirus transmitted generally by mosquitoes of culex genus. it is maintained in an enzootic life cycle where birds act as reservoir hosts. humans and horses are also susceptible to infection, and occasionally, they suffer from neurological complications. however, they do not transmit the virus to other vectors, behaving as dead-end hosts. sporadic wnv outbreaks observed in horses and wild birds from extremadura (western spain) during 2016 and 2017 seasons ... | 2021 | 33677369 |
| h9n2 influenza virus spillover into wild birds from poultry in china bind to human-type receptors and transmit in mammals via respiratory droplets. | h9n2 influenza virus has been reported worldwide for several decades, and it has evolved into multiple genotypes among domestic poultry. however, the study involving ecology and evolution of low pathogenic avian influenza virus h9n2 in wild birds in china is limited. here, we carried out surveillance of avian influenza virus h9n2 in wild birds along with the east asian-australian migratory flyway in china in 2017. to estimate the prevalence of h9n2 avian virus in wild birds, information on expos ... | 2021 | 33566453 |