| androgenesis and homozygous gynogenesis in muskellunge (esox masquinongy): evaluation using flow cytometry. | the purpose of this work was to study the effects of ultraviolet (uv) irradiation on denucleation of eggs and investigate the heat-shock conditions for diploidization for induction of androgenesis in muskellunge, esox masquinongy. several egg incubation media, including saline, ringer's solution, and ringer's solution supplemented with bovine serum albumin (bsa), were found suitable to maintain the egg fertility as high as in muskellunge ovarian fluid. the optimal doses of uv radiation were 660- ... | 1998 | 9406191 |
| isolation of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus from muskellunge, esox masquinongy (mitchill), in lake st clair, michigan, usa reveals a new sublineage of the north american genotype. | viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) was isolated from muskellunge, esox masquinongy (mitchill), caught from the nw portion of lake st clair, michigan, usa in 2003. affected fish exhibited congestion of internal organs; the inner wall of the swim bladder was thickened and contained numerous budding, fluid-filled vesicles. a virus was isolated using fish cell lines inoculated with a homogenate of kidney and spleen tissues from affected fish. focal areas of cell rounding and granulation app ... | 2006 | 17026670 |
| mortality event in freshwater drum aplodinotus grunniens from lake ontario, canada, associated with viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus, type iv. | a mortality event primarily affecting freshwater drum aplodinotus grunniens was noted during april and may 2005 in the bay of quinte, lake ontario, canada. a conservative estimate of the number of dead drum was approximately 100 metric tonnes. large numbers of dead round goby neogobius melanostomus were also seen, as well as a few muskellunge esox masquinongy. in the drum, there was a consistent histological pattern of variably severe panvasculitis, a necrotising myocarditis, meningoencephalitis ... | 2007 | 17760383 |
| interactions of multiple predators with different foraging modes in an aquatic food web. | top predators can have different foraging modes that may alter their interactions and effects on food webs. interactions between predators may be non-additive resulting from facilitation or interference, whereas their combined effects on a shared prey may result in emergent effects that are risk enhanced or risk reduced. to test the importance of multiple predators with different foraging modes, we examined the interaction between a cruising predator (largemouth bass, micropterus salmoides) and ... | 2010 | 19777265 |
| molecular characterization of the great lakes viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) isolate from usa. | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) is a highly contagious viral disease of fresh and saltwater fish worldwide. vhsv caused several large scale fish kills in the great lakes area and has been found in 28 different host species. the emergence of vhs in the great lakes began with the isolation of vhsv from a diseased muskellunge (esox masquinongy) caught from lake st. clair in 2003. vhsv is a member of the genus novirhabdovirus, within the family rhabdoviridae. it has a linear single-strande ... | 2009 | 19852863 |
| the laurentian great lakes strain (mi03) of the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus is highly pathogenic for juvenile muskellunge, esox masquinongy (mitchill). | the great lakes strain of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) isolated from adult subclinical muskellunge, esox masquinongy (mitchill), in lake st. clair, mi, usa was shown to be highly pathogenic in juvenile muskellunge through intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and waterborne challenge. mortality began as early as 3 days after exposure in waterborne challenged fish, whereas fish infected by the i.p. route experienced the first mortality by 5 days post-infection (p.i.). the median lethal ... | 2010 | 20367742 |
| detection of vhsv ivb within the gonads of great lakes fish using in situ hybridization. | viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) genotype ivb was recently detected as the cause of numerous mortality events in great lakes fish. in situ hybridization was used to examine the gonads from 13 fish, including freshwater drum aplodinotus grunniens and muskellunge esox masquinongy that were infected naturally, as well as rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and fathead minnows pimphales promelas, which were experimentally infected. although the ovaries and testes of fish infected by vhsv iv ... | 2011 | 21797039 |
| Development of neutralizing antibody responses in muskellunge, Esox masquinongy (Mitchill), experimentally exposed to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (genotype IVb). | A complement-dependent 50% plaque neutralization test was used to assess the neutralizing antibody response in sera of muskellunge, Esox masquinongy, experimentally infected with viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV, genotype IVb) by immersion. Groups of muskellunge were challenged with varying concentrations of VHSV: Group 1 with 10(2) plaque-forming units (pfu) mL(-1) , Group 2 with 4 × 10(3) pfu mL(-1) , Group 3 with 10(5) pfu mL(-1) and Group 4 with 0 pfu mL(-1) . The fish were hel ... | 2012 | 22091537 |
| detection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from two fish species at two sites in lake superior. | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) was first detected in the laurentian great lakes in 2005 during a mortality event in the bay of quinte, lake ontario. subsequent analysis of archived samples determined that the first known isolation of vhsv in the laurentian great lakes was from a muskellunge esox masquinongy collected in lake st. clair in 2003. by the end of 2008, mortality events and viral isolations had occurred in all of the laurentian great lakes except lake superior. in 2009, a fo ... | 2011 | 22372249 |
| a dna vaccine encoding the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype ivb glycoprotein confers protection in muskellunge (esox masquinongy), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), brown trout (salmo trutta), and lake trout (salvelinus namaycush). | the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) is one of the most serious fish pathogens. in 2003, a novel sublineage (genotype ivb) of this deadly virus emerged in the great lakes basin causing serious fish kills. we have previously demonstrated that a dna plasmid (pcdna), containing a cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter and the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) genotype ivb glycoprotein (g) gene insert (designated pvhsivb-g) confers moderate protection in muskellunge (esox masquinongy), a hi ... | 2016 | 27912771 |
| does herd immunity exist in aquatic animals? | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype ivb (vhsv-ivb) is presently found throughout the laurentian great lakes region of north america. we recently developed a dna vaccine preparation containing the vhsv-ivb glycoprotein (g) gene with a cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter that proved highly efficacious in protecting muskellunge (esox masquinongy) and three salmonid species. this study was conducted to determine whether cohabitation of vhsv-ivb immunized fishes could confer protection to non-vacc ... | 2016 | 27854310 |
| dna vaccination partially protects muskellunge against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv-ivb). | a dna vaccine containing the glycoprotein (g) gene of the north american viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) genotype ivb was developed to evaluate the immune response of fish following vaccination and evaluate its efficacy in protecting a susceptible species, the muskellunge esox masquinongy, against vhsv-ivb challenge. seven weeks (539 degree-days) following vaccination with 10 μg of either pvhsivb-g or a control plasmid, muskellunge were challenged by immersion with 10(5) plaque-forming ... | 2017 | 28225652 |
| detection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus-ivb antibodies in sera of muskellunge esox masquinongy using competitive elisa. | a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) was developed for the detection of antibodies to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype ivb (vhsv-ivb) in fish sera. assay conditions were standardized using known negative and positive muskellunge esox masquinongy. a positive-negative threshold of 14.6% inhibition was established based on analysis of sera of 60 muskellunge with no previous exposure to vhsv-ivb. the celisa was then used to investigate immune responses of wild muskellu ... | 2014 | 24695232 |
| experimental transmission of vhsv genotype ivb by predation. | preliminary surveillance of wild baitfish during the 2006 viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype ivb (vhsv ivb) outbreaks indicated emerald shiners notropis atherinoides and bluntnose minnow pimephales notatus were infected with high levels of vhsv without showing clinical signs of disease. the movement and use of baitfish was recognized as the most probable vector for the introduction of vhsv to inland waters, such as conesus lake and skaneateles lake in new york, budd lake in michigan, an ... | 2013 | 23998650 |
| shedding of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (genotype ivb) by experimentally infected muskellunge (esox masquinongy). | previous experimental infection demonstrated that juvenile muskellunge (esox masquinongy) can survive experimental infection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, genotype ivb (vhsv ivb) at a low concentration of exposure. herein we report that survivors of experimental infection with vhsv ivb shed the virus into the surrounding environment for an extended period of time. when muskellunge were exposed to vhsv ivb by immersion at a concentration of 1,400 plaque forming units (pfu)/ml, vhsv ivb w ... | 2012 | 22538657 |
| heterogeneity in levels of serum neutralizing antibodies against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype ivb among fish species in lake st. clair, michigan, usa. | the presence of neutralizing antibodies against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv-ivb) was investigated in sera of 13 fish species collected from lake st. clair, michigan, usa, a vhsv-endemic water body. we tested 297 sera collected may 2004-june of 2010, using a complement-dependent 50% plaque neutralization test (50% pnt). neutralizing antibodies were detected in 23% (67/297) of the samples. the highest overall antibody prevalence (85%, 34/40) and mean positive antibody titer (12,113 ± ... | 2012 | 22493115 |
| short-term evaluation of visible implant alpha tags in juveniles of three fish species under laboratory conditions. | visible implant alpha (vi alpha) tag-induced changes in mortality and condition, as well as tag retention and readability, were examined during a 4-week period for juveniles of three fish species: tiger muskellunge esox masquinongy × esox lucius (91 ± 7 mm total length, l(t), mean ± s.d.), snake river cutthroat trout oncorhynchus clarki behnkei (84 ± 8 mm) and rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (85 ± 5 mm). mortality and condition did not differ between tagged fish and control fish for any specie ... | 2014 | 24689672 |
| development of new microsatellite loci and multiplex reactions for muskellunge (esox masquinongy). | the muskellunge (esox masquinongy) is a valued fisheries species throughout its native range. numerous studies have documented performance and phenotypic differences among muskellunge populations, but genetic markers for assessment have been lacking. we characterized 14 microsatellite loci and developed five multiplex polymerase chain reactions. successful amplification of northern pike (esox lucius) was observed for seven loci. these microsatellites will be useful for analysing population struc ... | 2008 | 21585899 |
| studies of the etiology and epizootiology of lymphosarcoma in northern pike (esox lucius) and muskellung (esox masquinongy). | | 1975 | 183679 |
| [study of the serum proteins of esox lucius and esox masquinongy]. | | 1961 | 13887868 |
| isolation of the fathead minnow nidovirus from muskellunge experiencing lingering mortality. | in 2011, the fathead minnow nidovirus (fhmnv; genus bafinivirus, family coronaviridae, order nidovirales) was isolated from pond-raised juvenile muskellunge esox masquinongy suffering from lingering mortality at the wild rose hatchery in wild rose, wisconsin. moribund muskellunge exhibited tubular necrosis in the kidneys as well as multifocal coalescing necrotizing hepatitis. the fhmnv was also isolated from apparently healthy juvenile muskellunge at the wolf lake state fish hatchery in mattawan ... | 2016 | 27230033 |
| muskie lunacy: does the lunar cycle influence angler catch of muskellunge (esox masquinongy)? | we analyzed angling catch records for 341,959 muskellunge (esox masquinongy) from north america to test for a cyclic lunar influence on the catch. using periodic regression, we showed that the number caught was strongly related to the 29-day lunar cycle, and the effect was consistent across most fisheries. more muskellunge were caught around the full and new moon than at other times. at night, more muskellunge were caught around the full moon than the new moon. the predicted maximum relative eff ... | 2014 | 24871329 |
| development and evaluation of a new in vivo solid-phase microextraction sampler. | the use of solid-phase microextraction (spme) as a nonlethal technique for in vivo sampling of pharmaceutical residue in fish tissue has been documented in the literature. however, there is need to improve its simplicity and robustness for wider applications in the laboratory and field. the objective of this research is to develop and improve the spme device for sampling of pharmaceuticals in fish tissue. the practical application of the new device was demonstrated in the field where some wild f ... | 2013 | 23255404 |
| mercury in freshwater fish of northeast north america--a geographic perspective based on fish tissue monitoring databases. | as part of an initiative to assemble and synthesize mercury (hg) data from environmental matrices across northeastern north america, we analyzed a large dataset comprised of 15,305 records of fish tissue hg data from 24 studies from new york state to newfoundland. these data were summarized to provide mean hg concentrations for 40 fish species and associated families. detailed analyses were carried out using data for 13 species. hg in fishes varied by geographic area, waterbody type, and waterbo ... | 2005 | 15931965 |
| the effect of fasting, prolonged swimming, and predator presence on energy utilization and stress in juvenile walleye (stizostedion vitreum). | we evaluated how two diets with different lipid levels (4% vs. 10%) influenced nutrient expenditure in juvenile walleye stizostedion vitreum subjected to starvation, prolonged swimming, and predator presence. we also determined how exercise and predator presence influenced stress indicators such as blood plasma cortisol and glucose. groups of six fish were placed in triplicate rectangular wire cages per treatment and submerged randomly in three artificial stream compartments at a water temperatu ... | 2003 | 12954400 |
| multimodal integration in the feeding behaviors of predatory teleost fishes. | the search for useful model systems to study sensory processing in vertebrate nervous systems has resulted in many neuroethological studies investigating the roles played by a single sensory modality in a given behavior. however, animals behaving in a complex, three-dimensional environment receive a large amount of information from external and internal receptor arrays. clearly, the integration of sensory afference arising from different modalities into a coherent 'gestalt' of the world is essen ... | 2002 | 12138338 |
| s- and c-start escape responses of the muskellunge (esox masquinongy) require alternative neuromotor mechanisms. | the startle response is a model system for examining the neural basis of behavior because of its relatively simple neural circuit organization and kinematic pattern. in fishes, the two primary types of startle behavior differ in their initial movements. in the c-start type of startle, the fish bends into a c shape, while the s-start involves an s-shaped body bend. although considerable research has focused on determining how the c-start is generated neurally, s-start neurobiology has not been ex ... | 2002 | 12089206 |
| strike feeding behavior in the muskellunge, esox masquinongy: contributions of the lateral line and visual sensory systems. | the muskellunge, esox masquinongy, is a predatory esocid fish with well-developed visual and lateral line systems. the purpose of this study was to determine the relative roles of these two sensory modalities in organizing the strike behavior of the animal. subadult muskellunge were videotaped in a test arena while feeding on fathead minnows (pimephales promelas). animals were tested under five conditions: (i) control animals in which the visual and lateral line systems were intact; (ii) animals ... | 2001 | 11222136 |
| multimodal sensory integration in the strike-feeding behaviour of predatory fishes. | the search for useful model systems for the study of sensory processing in vertebrate nervous systems has resulted in many neuroethological studies investigating the roles played by a single sensory modality in a given behaviour. however, behaviours relying solely upon information from one sensory modality are relatively rare. animals behaving in a complex, three-dimensional environment receive a large amount of information from external and internal receptor arrays. clearly, the integration of ... | 2000 | 11079423 |
| induction of gynogenesis in muskellunge with irradiated sperm of yellow perch proves diploid muskellunge male homogamety. | diploid gynogenesis was induced in muskellunge esox masquinongy using uv-irradiated muskellunge sperm as the first step in producing monosex females. in this approach, we have to rely on negative controls as an indirect reference for sperm genetic material destruction. in the first experiment, equal proportions of gynogenetic females and males were produced. negative controls, uv-irradiated sperm without heat shock, yielded some normal hatching larvae, described as spontaneous diploids. in the s ... | 2000 | 10861556 |
| uptake and depletion of plasma 17alpha-methyltestosterone during induction of masculinization in muskellunge, esox masquinongy: effect on plasma steroids and sex reversal. | oral administration of 17alpha-methyltestosterone (mt) was used to induce masculinization of sexually undifferentiated muskellunge, esox masquinongy. three groups of muskellunge (mean weight, 2.5 +/- 0.6 g) were submitted to mt treatment (15 mg of mt/kg) for 60 days. an additional one group was used as a control (hormone-free diet). food was distributed over a 10-h period by using automatic belt feeders. blood was sampled in both control and treated fish at different intervals during and after f ... | 1999 | 10493596 |
| asymptotic growth, egg production and trivariate allometry in esox masquinongy mitchill. | multivariate growth models based on the lotka-volterra equations seem more complicated than necessary for a fruitful analysis of relative growth data. a simpler and more practical approach combines multivariate allometry with parabolic or asymptotic growth with respect to time. a modified von bertalanffy curve, x = a [1-exp (-t/d)]c, is compatible with allometry and yields a satisfactory description of somatic growth and egg production in the female muskellunge (esox masquinongy). a multiplicati ... | 1986 | 3792904 |
| toxicity of arsenic to developing muskellunge fry (esox masquinongy). | | 1979 | 38044 |
| the dynamics of diquat in a model eco-system. | muskelung (esox-masquinongy chiensis) fry were used in a 96 hour toxicity study with diquat and simazine. although the death of sufficient control fish invalidated the test as a whole, some interesting observations were made. at the end of 48 hours 4 out of 10 fish had died in the control tank and 8 had died in the simazine tank while all 10 diquat-treated fish appeared healthy. two model eco-systems with components from chautauqua lake, n.y. were constructed in 20 gallon glass aquaria to trace ... | 1975 | 1149702 |