| salmonella in california wildlife species: prevalence in rehabilitation centers and characterization of isolates. | fecal samples from 212 selected marine mammals, marine birds, and raptors were cultured for salmonella spp. on arrival at rehabilitation centers in california from may 1999 through july 2000. salmonella spp. were cultured from nine (4%) animals, and seven serotypes were isolated: johannesberg, montevideo, newport, ohio, saint paul, enteritidis group d, and 4,5,12:1 monophasic. one western gull (larus occidentalis) had two serotypes. antibiotic susceptibilities and chromosomal fingerprints were e ... | 2002 | 12462489 |
| novel and canine genotypes of giardia duodenalis in harbor seals ( phoca vitulina richardsi). | feces of harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardsi) and hybrid glaucous-winged/western gulls (larus glaucescens / occidentalis) from washington state's inland marine waters were examined for giardia and cryptosporidium spp. to determine if genotypes carried by these wildlife species were the same genotypes that commonly infect humans and domestic animals. using immunomagnetic separation followed by direct fluorescent antibody detection, giardia spp. cysts were detected in 42% of seal fecal samples ... | 2008 | 18576720 |
| prevalence and characterization of salmonella spp. among marine animals in the channel islands, california. | salmonella enterica is a zoonotic pathogen that has been isolated from free-ranging marine mammals throughout the world, with animals in the channel islands of california (usa) showing the highest prevalence. the goal of this study was to determine prevalence, antimicrobial sensitivity and genetic similarity using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of salmonella in several non-domestic animal species on san miguel and san nicolas islands. fecal samples were collected from 90 california sea ... | 2008 | 18828559 |
| using seabird habitat modeling to inform marine spatial planning in central california's national marine sanctuaries. | understanding seabird habitat preferences is critical to future wildlife conservation and threat mitigation in california. the objective of this study was to investigate drivers of seabird habitat selection within the gulf of the farallones and cordell bank national marine sanctuaries to identify areas for targeted conservation planning. we used seabird abundance data collected by the applied california current ecosystem studies program (access) from 2004-2011. we used zero-inflated negative bin ... | 2013 | 23967206 |
| interactions of marine mammals and birds with offshore membrane enclosures for growing algae (omega). | omega is an integrated aquatic system to produce biofuels, treat and recycle wastewater, capture co2, and expand aquaculture production. this system includes floating photobioreactors (pbrs) that will cover hundreds of hectares in marine bays. to assess the interactions of marine mammals and birds with pbrs, 9 × 1.3 m flat panel and 9.5 × 0.2 m tubular pbrs were deployed in a harbor and monitored day and night from october 10, 2011 to janurary 22, 2012 using infrared video. to observe interactio ... | 2014 | 24955238 |
| temporal and spatial variation in bird and human use of beaches in southern california. | southern california's beaches can support a remarkable diversity of birds along the pacific flyway. we asked whether seasonal, annual, and spatial factors affect bird richness and abundance on public beaches. to do so, we conducted three years of monthly bird surveys on 12 sandy beaches in ventura california. across all surveys, we counted 22 shorebird species, 8 gull species, 24 other water bird species, and 24 landbird species. sanderling, western gull, heerman's gull, willet, marbled godwit, ... | 2013 | 23450765 |
| speciation with gene flow in the large white-headed gulls: does selection counterbalance introgression? | we investigated the role of selection in generating and maintaining species distinctness in spite of ongoing gene flow, using two zones of secondary contact between large gull species in europe (larus argentatus and larus cachinnans) and north america (larus glaucescens and larus occidentalis). we used the pattern of neutral genetic differentiation at nine microsatellite loci (f(st)) as an indicator of expected changes under neutral processes and compared it with phenotypic differentiation (p(st ... | 2009 | 18813326 |
| comparing clines on molecular and phenotypic traits in hybrid zones: a window on tension zone models. | the study of zones of secondary contact provides insight into the maintenance of reproductive isolation. tension zone theory supplies powerful tools for assessing how dispersal and selection shape hybrid zones. we present a multimodal analysis of phenotypic clines in conjunction with clines at molecular markers in a hybrid zone between larus glaucescens and larus occidentalis. we developed a new method to analyze simultaneously clines of quantitative traits and molecular data. low linkage disequ ... | 2008 | 18752618 |
| bounded hybrid superiority in an avian hybrid zone: effects of mate, diet, and habitat choice. | there has been considerable debate in the study of hybrid zones as to whether hybrids may be superior to parental types within the area of contact (bounded hybrid superiority). in birds, naturally occurring hybridization is relatively common, and hybridization within this group always involves mate choice. if hybrids are superior, females choosing heterospecific mates should be expected to show higher fitness under the conditions prevalent in the hybrid zone. hybrid superiority under these circu ... | 2000 | 11108604 |
| entanglements of marine mammals and seabirds in central california and the north-west coast of the united states 2001-2005. | entanglement records for seabirds and marine mammals were investigated for the period 2001-2005. the entanglement records were extracted from databases maintained by seven organizations operating along the west coast of the united states of america. their programmes included beach monitoring surveys, rescue and rehabilitation and regional pinniped censuses. records of 454 entanglements were documented in live animals and in carcasses for 31 bird species and nine marine mammal species. the most f ... | 2009 | 19344921 |
| ddt and its metabolites in western gull eggs from southern california and northwestern baja california. | | 1995 | 8520143 |
| androgen in high concentrations in the blood of female western gulls, larus occidentalis. | | 1980 | 7432545 |
| female-female pairing in western gulls (larus occidentalis) in southern california. | pairs of females that remain together from one year to the next are associated with the presence of supernormal clutches in western gull nests. intervals between laying of eggs in supernormal clutches are less than those found in normal clutches, a result indicating both females in a pair contribute to the clutch. most eggs in supernormal clutches are infertile. the pairs of females occupy territories that are not shared with a resident male. in three homosexual pairs one of the females exhibite ... | 1977 | 17776927 |
| body temperatures in nestling western gulls. | | 1952 | 14956987 |
| new host and distribution records for two trematodes from the western gull. | | 1950 | 15402962 |
| entangled seabird and marine mammal reports from citizen science surveys from coastal california (1997-2017). | marine fauna in the california current system is susceptible to entanglement in anthropogenic debris. we examined beach survey data from six california counties to describe trends of entangled marine birds and mammals (1997-2017). surveyors reported 357 cases of entanglements among 65,604 carcasses. monterey county had the greatest average entanglement rate (0.007) of surveyed counties, however, was not statistically different from santa cruz (p > 0.05). twenty-six seabird species (97%) and thre ... | 2019 | 31542598 |
| seabirds as regional biomonitors of legacy toxicants on an urbanized coastline. | seabirds are often cited as sentinels of the marine environment, but are rarely used in traditional ocean and coastal contaminant monitoring. four classes of persistent organic pollutants (pops, n=68) and three trace elements (mercury, selenium, and arsenic) were measured in the eggs of california least terns (sterna antillarum browni), caspian terns (hydroprogne caspia), double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus), and western gulls (larus occidentalis) that nest in the southern californi ... | 2018 | 29156266 |
| microbial ecology of the western gull (larus occidentalis). | avian species host diverse communities of microorganisms which have important roles in the life of birds, including increased metabolism, protection from disease, and immune system development. along with high human populations and a diversity of human uses of coastal zones, anthropogenic food sources are becoming increasingly available to some species, including gulls. anthropogenic associations increase the likelihood of encountering foreign or pathogenic bacteria. diseases in birds caused by ... | 2019 | 30891612 |
| population-level plasticity in foraging behavior of western gulls (larus occidentalis). | plasticity in foraging behavior among individuals, or across populations may reduce competition. as a generalist carnivore, western gulls (larus occidentalis) consume a wide range of marine and terrestrial foods. however, the foraging patterns and habitat selection (ocean or land) of western gulls is not well understood, despite their ubiquity in coastal california. here, we used gps loggers to compare the foraging behavior and habitat use of western gulls breeding at two island colonies in cent ... | 2017 | 29270295 |