| lantadene a toxicity in sheep. a model for cholestasis. | liver injury occurred after sheep were injected intravenously with the triperpene acid lantadene a, the toxic principle of the tropical plant lantana camara. a single dose of 1--3 mg/kg of the compound caused mild hepatocellular injury characterized by transient rises in serum enzymes, with or without hyperbilirubinaemia. higher doses resulted in hepatic necrosis. when low doses of the triterpene were given repeatedly over several days a cholestatic syndrome developed which appeared identical wi ... | 1979 | 431982 |
| the effect of lantana camara on intestinal motility in sheep. | | 1978 | 621300 |
| the oral toxicity for sheep of triterpene acids isolated from lantana camara. | toxic lantana camara taxa growing in queensland all contain the triterpene acids lantadene a, reduced lantadene a and lantadene b. these when dosed as pure compounds orally to sheep were similarly toxic at 65 to 75, 42 to 80 and 200 to 300 mg/kg body weight respectively, causing jaundice, photosensitisation, kidney and liver lesions typical of natural and experimental lantana poisoning. because of its comparative toxicity and abundance lantadene a is the most significant toxic principle in the p ... | 1977 | 901324 |
| effect of ingestion of lantana camara l. on bile formation in sheep. | | 1976 | 985551 |
| triterpenes of toxic and non-toxic taxa of lantana camara. | the taxa of lantana camara toxic to animals contain lantadene a lantadene b, whereas in two non-toxic taxa other triterpenes predominate. several new triterpenes have been characterized. contrary to earlier claims, lantadene a and to a lesser extent lantadene b are toxic when administered intraruminally to sheep. | 1976 | 1269634 |
| biological action of lantadene c, a new hepatotoxicant from lantana camara var. aculeata. | lantadene c (22 beta-2-methylbutanoyloxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid) isolated from the leaves of the hepatotoxic plant lantana camara var. aculeata (red) has been found to be identical with dihydrolantadene a reported earlier. molecular structure of lantadene c has been deduced from single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. it resembles lantadene a in the pentacyclic portion of the molecule but differs in the side chain region. atom c-34 is cis to c-35 in lantadene c but is trans in lantadene ... | 1992 | 1404245 |
| immunosuppression due to chronic lantana camara, l. toxicity in sheep. | five sheep were intoxicated with powdered l. camara, leaves at the rate of 200 mg/kg body weight daily for 110 days and another group of four sheep were drenched with distilled water daily for equal number of days which acted as control. the cell mediated immunity of intoxicated and control sheep was assessed with the help of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene skin sensitivity test and graft-versus-host reaction and the antibody forming potential of both the groups of animals was measured by haemagglutina ... | 1991 | 1769720 |
| verbascoside isolated from lantana camara, an inhibitor of protein kinase c. | verbascoside [1] isolated from lantana camara is an inhibitor of protein kinase c (pkc) from the rat brain. half-maximal inhibition of the kinase occurs at 25 microm. verbascoside interacted with the catalytic domain of pkc and was a competitive inhibitor with respect to atp (ki = 22 microm) and a non-competitive inhibitor with respect to the phosphate acceptor (histone iiis). this effect was further evidenced by the fact that verbascoside inhibited native pkc and its catalytic fragment identica ... | 1991 | 1812212 |
| molecular structure, polymorphism, and toxicity of lantadene a, the pentacyclic triterpenoid from the hepatotoxic plant lantana camara. | lantadene a (22 beta-angeloyloxy-3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid), a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound from lantana (lantana camara) leaves has been obtained in two polymorphic forms i and ii. form i had white, fluffy, and rod-shaped uniform crystals. form ii particles were irregular, shining, and polyhedral. the two forms differed in melting behavior. the powder x-ray diffraction of form i showed sharp peaks whereas from ii did not contain distinct peaks. from single-crystal three-dimensional x-r ... | 1991 | 1880789 |
| bentonite as therapy for lantana camara poisoning of cattle. | bentonite was compared with activated charcoal as therapy for lantana poisoning in calves dosed 5 d previously with leaf material of the common pink-edged red taxon of lantana camara. both therapies were given by stomach tube as a single dose at 5 g/kg. five of 6 calves in each of the groups given bentonite and activated charcoal recovered while 5 of 6 calves in the control group died. calves given bentonite took 3 d longer on average to recover fully than those given activated charcoal but the ... | 1991 | 2069544 |
| antimalarial activity of tanzanian medicinal plants. | tanzanian medicinal plants were extracted and tested for in vitro antimalarial activity, using the multidrug resistant k1 strain of plasmodium falciparum. of 49 plants investigated, extracts of three plants were found to have an ic50 between 5-10 micrograms/ml, extracts of 18 other plants showed an ic50 between 10 and 50 micrograms/ml, all others were less active. the three most active extracts were obtained from the tubers of cyperus rotundus l. (cyperaceae), the rootbark of hoslundia opposita ... | 1990 | 2236289 |
| skin and liver toxicity in experimental lantana camara poisoning in albino rats. | dried alcoholic extract of fresh lantana camara leaves (le), on oral administration to albino rats of both sexes, induced photodermatitis during exposure to clear sunlight for 1 hr. its severity was related to the dose of le and was maximal in rats exposed to sunlight from 4 to 14 hr after feeding le and gradually declined over 40 hr. wavelengths of light about 540 to 570 mu only were effective. in control study, the alcoholic extract of edible spinach leaves was only 1/3 in potency and its effe ... | 1990 | 2361717 |
| toxicity of isolated lantana (lantana camara l) constituents to male and female guinea pigs. | a toxin fraction was obtained from lantana camara l (red variety) leaves by batch extraction and column chromatography on silica gel (60-120 mesh). the main constituents of the toxin preparation were lantadene a and lantadene b and it was devoid of reduced lantadene a. oral administration (125 mg/kg bwt) of the toxin to male and female guinea pigs caused icterus and photosensitization within 48 hr. all the affected animals had hepatomegaly and significant increases in conjugated and unconjugated ... | 1989 | 2711601 |
| peridomestic breeding sites of glossina fuscipes fuscipes newst. in busoga, uganda, and epidemiological implications for trypanosomiasis. | a search for glossina fuscipes fuscipes puparia near homesteads in the sleeping sickness focus of busoga revealed puparia and puparial shells under coffea canephora (coffee), musa sp. (banana) and lantana camara thickets as well as under house verandahs and, once, inside a hut. this is the first description of g.f. fuscipes breeding sites in a peridomestic habitat. the implications of these findings in relation to the transmission of the current epidemic of sleeping sickness in busoga is discuss ... | 1986 | 2877555 |
| a review of the noxious plant lantana camara. | lantana camara is one of the ten most noxious weeds in the world. it is toxic to animals and exerts allelopathic action on neighbouring vegetation. the pathological and biochemical effects of the lantana plant in cattle, sheep and guinea pigs have been determined. the chemical nature of lantana toxin(s) and the precise mechanism by which lantana induces cholestasis have not yet been defined clearly. lantana toxicity is manifested in three phases: the release and absorption of toxins in the gastr ... | 1988 | 3072688 |
| vaccination as a possible means of preventing lantana poisoning. | the toxic triterpene acids lantadene a and lantadene b were isolated from lantana camara and conjugated to bovine serum albumen or haemocyanin. the conjugates were emulsified with complete freund's adjuvant and injected into sheep and cattle. vaccinated animals produced antibodies against the toxic compounds. cholestasis was less severe in vaccinated than in non-vaccinated sheep challenged with a toxic dose of lantana. the results indicated a mild protective effect of vaccination against the hep ... | 1988 | 3214369 |
| effect of polymorphic crystal forms of lantana toxins on icterogenic action in guinea pigs. | a partially purified preparation of toxin isolated from lantana (lantana camara l., red variety) leaves, called fraction c, was obtained in two crystalline forms: form i, white, fluffy, rod-shaped and form ii, irregular, polyhedral, shining crystals. the two forms differed in melting point behaviour and icterogenic action when administered orally to guinea pigs. only form ii was icterogenic to guinea pigs and was associated with decreased feed intake and faecal output, hepatomegaly, increase in ... | 1988 | 3388445 |
| acute lantana camara toxicity in cattle. | an outbreak of acute lantana camara poisoning in cattle is described in which 10 out of 91 animals died. the affected cattle became icteric and voided soft, black faeces. necropsies were performed on three steers, and the macro- and microscopical changes in their livers and kidneys were compatible with those of l. camara poisoning. changes were similar in two steers that developed typical signs after being dosed with fresh l. camara collected in the toxic camp. clinical pathological changes in e ... | 1987 | 3508461 |
| current ideas on the pathophysiology and treatment of lantana poisoning of ruminants. | lantana poisoning in ruminants results from the ingestion of toxic varieties of the plant lantana camara, which contain the triterpene acids lantadene a and lantadene b. poisoning results in intrahepatic cholestasis and the consequences of the liver injury include jaundice, photosensitisation and ruminal stasis. the decreased ruminal motility causes toxic material to be retained in the rumen and continuous absorption of toxins from the rumen maintains the disease. lantana poisoning can best be t ... | 1986 | 3533027 |
| isolation and partial purification of lantana (lantana camara l.) toxins. | a partially purified toxin fraction and lantadene a were obtained from lantana camara l. leaves by batch extraction, column chromatography and fractional crystallization. toxicity was tested in guinea pigs. the total number of chemical entities in the partially purified toxin preparation was 7, the 2 major ones being lantadene a and lantadene b. lantadene a was nontoxic in itself. likewise, another fraction containing lantadene a, lantadene b and 3 more components with higher polarity was found ... | 1987 | 3603590 |
| the effect of lantana camara on the liver of sheep. | | 1969 | 5359225 |
| lantana camara poisoning in cattle in mexico. | | 1970 | 5452907 |
| fungi on lantana camara linn. | | 1966 | 5966459 |
| review of the biochemical effects of lantana camara toxicity. | lantana intoxication of guinea pigs causes a decrease in liver dry weight, protein and dna content while the amount of lipids in liver increases. biochemical changes have been observed in liver mitochondria, lysosomes, microsomes, canalicular plasma membrane and cytosol of lantana-poisoned guinea pigs. there is cholesterol enrichment of mitochondria, microsomes and plasma membrane. activities of oxidative enzymes of mitochondria or cytosol are elevated. on the other hand, activities of microsoma ... | 1984 | 6393560 |
| administration of activated charcoal for the treatment of lantana poisoning of sheep and cattle. | the use of activated charcoal for treating lantana poisoning was investigated. when 500 g of activated charcoal was given orally with toxic lantana camara, it protected sheep against intoxication. administration to sheep of 500 g of activated charcoal in 4 1 of electrolyte solution orally 6 days after the onset of lantana poisoning and then 4 1 of electrolyte solution the next day, was followed by recovery from the intoxication. mortality was significantly higher in intoxicated sheep given only ... | 1984 | 6512165 |
| the mechanism of ruminal stasis in lantana-poisoned sheep. | the effect of poisoning by the plant lantana camara l. on reticulo-ruminal motility was investigated in sheep. there was a marked decrease in forestomach motility 4-6 h after dosing with the plant and motility continued to be depressed throughout the course of the disease. the effect of lantana on motility was characterized by a decrease in the number and median amplitude of forestomach movements. this was in contrast to the effect of starvation which caused a decrease in only the number of fore ... | 1983 | 6684307 |
| a review of the toxicity of lantana camara (linn) in animals. | lantana poisoning has been taking a heavy toll of livestock year after year. all aspects of the problem are reviewed. lantana poisoning in cattle, sheep, buffalo, and guinea pigs caused obstructive jaundice, photosensitization, and rise in serum glutamicoxaloaetic transaminase activity. the symptoms could be reproduced in sheep by administration of purified lantadene a. liver and kidneys are the most affected organs during lantana poisoning. intoxication of guinea pigs with lantana camara leads ... | 1981 | 7032835 |
| biochemical effects of the plant lantana camara on guinea pig liver mitochondria. | lantana camara caused, in guinea pigs, a decrease in hepatic mitochondrial protein content. the phospholipid to protein ratio did not change but there was a marked increase in the cholesterol to protein ratio and the cholesterol to phospholipid ratio. enzyme activities of succinic dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and mg2+-atpase increased, while the activity of nadh-ferricyanide reductase remained unaffected. mitochondrial swelling, in the absence or presence of ascorbi ... | 1982 | 7135417 |
| effect of lantana camara toxicity on lipid peroxidation in guinea pig tissues. | lantana intoxication of guinea pig inhibited lipid peroxidation in different tissues in the order: adrenals greater than liver greater than kidneys greater than heart greater than lungs greater than testes greater than brain. the inhibitory factor(s) appear to be present in the postmitochondrial fraction. lantadene a, the toxic principle of lantana plant caused just marginal inhibition of lipid peroxidation in guinea pig liver homogenates. bilirubin and fraction "p', a partially purified toxin o ... | 1982 | 7146615 |
| absorption of the toxins of lantana camara l. from the digestive system of sheep. | when lantana was given into different regions of the alimentary tract, absorption sufficient to cause intoxication occurred from the stomachs, small intestine and large intestine, but absorption from the small intestine was quantitatively the most important. however, it was shown that the passage of ingesta into the small intestine decreased markedly a few hours after the toxin was given and it is suggested that absorption from all areas of the gastrointestinal tract is important for the progres ... | 1981 | 7185873 |
| lantadene a content and toxicity of the lantana plant (lantana camara, linn.) to guinea pigs. | | 1980 | 7210034 |
| inhibitory effects of lantadenes and related triterpenoids on epstein-barr virus activation. | to search for possible antitumor promoters, inhibitory effects of lantadenes and related triterpenoids from lantana camara l. (verbenaceae) on epstein-barr virus activation, were tested. the substitutions on the carboxylic acid through an ester bond might play an important role in the activity. | 1995 | 8824951 |
| repellency of lantana camara (verbenaceae) flowers against aedes mosquitoes. | the repellent effect of lantana camara flowers was evaluated against aedes mosquitoes. lantana flower extract in coconut oil provided 94.5% protection from aedes albopictus and ae. aegypti. the mean protection time was 1.9 h. one application of lantana flower can provide more than 50% protection up to 4 h against the possible bites of aedes mosquitoes. no adverse effects of the human volunteers were observed through 3 months after the application. | 1996 | 8887218 |
| a bioactive triterpene from lantana camara. | lantana camara afforded a novel triterpene 22 beta-acetoxylantic acid and the known triterpenes, lantic acid, 22 beta-dimethylacryloyloxylantonolic acid, a mixture of 22 beta-dimethylacryloyloxy lantanolic acid and 22 beta-angeloyloxylantanolic acid and lantanolic acid. 22 beta-acetoxylantic acid showed antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus aureus and salmonella typhi. this compound and 22 beta-dimethylacryloyloxy lantanolic acid also showed antimutagenic activity. | 1997 | 9162177 |
| antilymphocytic and immunosuppressive effects of lantana camara leaves in rats. | once daily administration of lantana camara leaves juice at different dose levels (60, 300, 600 and 1500 mg/kg/day) for 14 days in rats resulted in alterations in various haemato- and biochemical parameters. significant increase in blood urea nitrogen was observed with the doses of 600 and 1500 mg while significant increase in the relative weights of adrenals was observed at all the four dose levels. total proteins, globulins, absolute lymphocyte count and per cent lymphocyte count were signific ... | 1997 | 9567767 |
| novel natural product 5,5-trans-lactone inhibitors of human alpha-thrombin: mechanism of action and structural studies. | high-throughput screening of methanolic extracts from the leaves of the plant lantana camara identified potent inhibitors of human alpha-thrombin, which were shown to be 5,5-trans-fused cyclic lactone euphane triterpenes [o'neill et al. (1998) j. nat. prod. (submitted for publication)]. proflavin displacement studies showed the inhibitors to bind at the active site of alpha-thrombin and alpha-chymotrypsin. kinetic analysis of alpha-thrombin showed tight-binding reversible competitive inhibition ... | 1998 | 9578548 |
| acute lantana camara poisoning in a boer goat kid. | acute lantana camara poisoning in a boer goat kid is described. the animal was part of a flock of boer goats that was introduced from the kalahari thornveld, where the plant does not occur, to an area where the plant grew abundantly. at necropsy, the animal was severely icteric, dehydrated and constipated, with hepatosis, distention of the gall-bladder and nephrosis, but no skin lesions. histopathological findings of the liver confirmed moderate hepatosis with single-cell necrosis and bile stasi ... | 1998 | 9646260 |
| isolation of translactone-containing triterpenes with thrombin inhibitory activities from the leaves of lantana camara. | methanolic extracts prepared from the leaves of lantana camara have been found to inhibit human thrombin. an assay, in which thrombin activity is measured as a function of clot formation from fibrinogen, was used to guide the fractionation and purification of five principal active constituents (1-5), which were all characterized as 5,5-trans-fused cyclic lactone-containing euphane triterpenes. | 1998 | 9834145 |
| 5,5-trans lactone-containing inhibitors of serine proteases: identification of a novel, acylating thrombin inhibitor. | synthesis of a variety of 5,5-trans fused lactones, related to compounds found in extracts of lantana camara, has provided a series of novel acylating inhibitors of human thrombin, trypsin, chymotrypsin and human leucocyte elastase. the most effective thrombin inhibitor is 7 with an ic50 of 130 nm and a kobs/[1] of 4,000 m-1 s-1. | 1998 | 9873654 |
| biotransformation of lantadenes, the pentacyclic triterpenoid hepatotoxins of lantana plant, in guinea pig. | oral administration of lantana (lantana camara var. aculeata) leaf powder to guinea pigs at a dose of 6 g/ kg body weight elicited cholestasis. the animals were euthanized 48 h after dosing. liver homogenates, bile, gall bladder, blood, urine, contents of gastrointestinal tract (git) and faeces were analysed for the principal hepatotoxin in lantana leaves viz. lantadene a (la), its congeners and biotransformation products, using high performance liquid chromatographic technique. lantadenes could ... | 2000 | 10736473 |
| biotransformation of lantadene a (22 beta-angeloyloxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid), the pentacyclic triterpenoid, by alcaligenes faecalis. | a bacterial strain capable of biotransformation of lantadene a (22 beta-angeloyloxy-3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid), the pentacyclic hepatotoxin of lantana (lantana camara var. aculeata) has been isolated from soil using lantadene a as the sole carbon source. the organism is gram negative, rod shaped, motile, catalase positive and has been identified as alcaligenes faecalis. the isolate has been found to be specific for lantadene a and did not utilize lantadene b. in studies using sucrose as an a ... | 1999 | 10870553 |
| antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of lantana camara. | the essential oil of lantana camara, tested against seven bacteria and eight fungi, showed a wide spectrum of antibacterial and antifungal activities. | 2000 | 10925025 |
| effect of essential oils from leaves of ageratum conyzoides, lantana camara and chromolaena odorata on the mortality of sitophilus zeamais (coleoptera, curculionidae). | ageratum conyzoides, chromolaena odorata, and lantana camara, are common weed species in cameroon. essential oil extracts from their leaves were tested for efficacy on the morality of the maize grain weevil, sitophilus zeamais (coleoptera, curculionidae). concentrations of the essential oils relative to the maize grains of 0.013, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1% (v/w) were used for a. conyzoides and 0.063, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.50% (v/w) for c. odorata and l. camara. twenty 7-day old adult weevils were fed on m ... | 2001 | 11124374 |
| detoxification of lantana hepatotoxin, lantadene a, using alcaligenes faecalis. | detoxification of lantadene a (la), the hepatotoxin from lantana camara var. aculeata, by the bacterial strain alcaligenes faecalis has been investigated. lantadene a induced hepatotoxicity concomitant with increases in plasma bilirubin, blood plasma enzymes and histopathological lesions that typify lantana toxicity. the extract of fermentation broth in which la was incubated with a. faecalis did not elicit any alterations in blood enzyme prolife or liver histopathology, which were comparable wi ... | 2001 | 11404834 |
| additions to the mycobiota of the weed lantana camara (verbenaceae) in southeastern brazil. | a sequel to the work of systematic surveying the mycobiota of lantana camara, aimed at finding potential biocontrol agents, was carried out during 1995-1996 covering part of its centre of origin in brazil (state of minas gerais). fifty-eight sampling sites, representing the four main climatic types in the state of minas gerais, were surveyed. additional ad hoc collections were made in the states of bahia, espírito santo, parana, rio de janeiro and são paulo. fifteen fungal species were recorded ... | 2001 | 11554581 |
| allelopathic effects of lantana camara linn. on spore germination of asterella angusta steph.--a liverwort. | extract from root, stem and leaf of l. camara proved inhibitory for germination of the spores of a. angusta. leaf extract was found to exhibit maximum allelopathic potentiality followed by stem and root extract and may be interpreted to be the result of phytotoxic substances which are possibly synthesized in the leaf and translocated to other organs. | 2001 | 11906121 |
| traditional use of mosquito-repellent plants in western kenya and their evaluation in semi-field experimental huts against anopheles gambiae: ethnobotanical studies and application by thermal expulsion and direct burning. | ethnobotanical survey in 2 communities in western kenya revealed that the most commonly known repellent plants were ocimum americanum l. (64.1%), lantana camara l. (17.9%), tagetes minuta l. (11.3%) and azadirachta indica a. juss (8.7%) on rusinga island, and hyptis suaveolens poit. (49.2%), l. camara (30.9%) and o. basilicum l. (30.4%) in rambira. direct burning of plants is the most common method of application for o. americanum (68.8%), l. camara (100%) and o. basilicum (58.8%). placing branc ... | 2002 | 12174767 |
| repellency of live potted plants against anopheles gambiae from human baits in semi-field experimental huts. | the repellency of potted plants against the malaria vector anopheles gambiae sensu stricto giles was quantified in experimental huts under semi-field conditions inside a screen-walled greenhouse. ocimum americanum linnaeus (labiatae), lantana camara l. (verbenaceae), and lippia uckambensis spreng (verbenaceae) repelled at an average of 39.7% (95% confidence interval [ci] = 29.6-48.4%), 32.4% (95% ci = 19.7-43.1%), and 33.3% (95% ci = 21.5-43.3%) of the mosquitoes, respectively (p < 0.0001 for al ... | 2002 | 12389946 |
| effects of lantana camara (verbenaceae) on rat fertility. | lantana camara, widely used in folk medicine, possesses several pharmacological properties, including antipyretic, antimicrobial and antimutagenic properties. lantana poisoning causes livestock mortality and morbidity; and also has adverse effects on humans working in lantana-infested forests, pastures or orchards. we examined the effects of a hydroalcoholic extract from lantana camara var aculeata leaves on fertility of male rats. the extract did not interfere with overall weight or internal or ... | 2003 | 12583691 |
| treatment of bovine dermatophilosis with senna alata, lantana camara and mitracarpus scaber leaf extracts. | this study describes interesting preliminary results on the therapeutic effects of ointments prepared with extracts of medicinal plants on bovine dermatophilosis. our results show that the use of ointments made with ethanolic extracts of leaves of senna alata, lantana camara and mitracarpus scaber, as topical treatments on chronic crusty or acute lesions of dermatophilosis, induces healing of the disease in the nine infected animals treated without recurrence. this is opposed to what is observed ... | 2003 | 12738081 |
| toxicity for the guinea pig of an extract of lantana camara. | | 1965 | 14317621 |
| field efficacy of thermally expelled or live potted repellent plants against african malaria vectors in western kenya. | to estimate the effectiveness of live potted plants and thermal expulsion of plant materials in repelling african malaria vectors in traditional houses in western kenya. | 2003 | 14629767 |
| tsetse flies are attracted to the invasive plant lantana camara. | in tsetse both sexes feed exclusively on the blood of vertebrates for a few minutes every 2-3 days. tsetse flies seek cover from high temperatures to conserve energy and plants provide shelter for tsetse in all the biotopes they occupy. recently, tsetse have taken cover in plantations and under the invasive bush lantana camara that has invaded large areas of the tsetse fly belt of africa. flies from such refugia are implicated in sleeping sickness epidemics. in a wind tunnel we show that both fo ... | 2004 | 15037092 |
| anopheles gambiae feeding and survival on honeydew and extra-floral nectar of peridomestic plants. | it is widely believed that the malaria vector anopheles gambiae giles (diptera: culicidae) rarely or never feeds on sugar in nature. if so, the need for supplemental blood-feeding may be increased and this would help to explain why it is such an efficient malaria vector. nonetheless, both sexes of this mosquito species readily imbibe and digest sugar solutions, and sugar is a staple of laboratory colonies. in this study, we investigated whether an. gambiae will feed on the extra-floral nectar of ... | 2004 | 15189234 |
| feeding and survival of the malaria vector anopheles gambiae on plants growing in kenya. | the propensity of the malaria vector mosquito anopheles gambiae giles (diptera: culicidae) to ingest sugars from various plants, and subsequent survival rates, were assessed with laboratory-reared males and females offered eight species of plants commonly cultivated and/or growing wild in western kenya. in cages (no-choice bioassay), mosquitoes given the opportunity to feed on castorbean (ricinus communis l.) had the longest survival times (mean and median survival time of 6.99 +/- 0.23 and 5.67 ... | 2004 | 15189235 |
| effects of lantana camara (verbenaceae) on general reproductive performance and teratology in rats. | lantana camara l. (verbenaceae) possesses several medicinal properties and it is used in folk medicine with antipyretic, antimicrobial and antimutagenic properties. this plant is one of the 10 most noxious weeds in the world. lantana poisoning have caused severe economic losses and was the major cause of livestock mortality and morbidity. in this article we report the effects of hydroalcoholic extract from lantana camara var. aculeata leaves on fertility, general reproductive performance and ter ... | 2005 | 15733567 |
| emission of volatile organic compounds (voc) from tropical plant species in india. | foliar emission of volatile organic compounds (voc) from common indian plant species was measured. dynamic flow enclosure technique was used and the gas samples were collected onto tenax-gc/carboseive cartridges. the tenax-gc/carboseive cartridges were attached to the thermal disorber sample injection system and the gas sample was analysed using gas chromatography (gc) with flame ionisation detection (fid). fifty-one local plant species were screened, out of which 36 species were found to emit v ... | 2005 | 15894050 |
| lantana poisoning of cattle and sheep in new zealand. | the investigation of a field case of lantana camara poisoning in cattle is reported. toxicity was confirmed by the experimental dosing of two sheep with dried leaf powder at 6 and 12 mg/kg body weight. marked cholestatic hepatophy and renal tubular disease resulted. this is the first reported case of toxicity due to grazing a lantana camara variety grown in new zealand. | 1985 | 16031191 |
| chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the volatile oils of leaves and flowers of lantana camara l. cultivated in egypt. | gc and gc/ms analysis of the hydrodistilled volatile oils of the leaves and flowers of lantana camara l. cv. flava (verbenaceae) cultivated in egypt revealed both qualitative and quantitative variations. experimentally, twenty-nine and twenty-two components were identified in the volatile oils of leaves and flowers representing 91.91% and 95.24% of the total composition of both oils respectively. the major constituents of the leaves volatile oil were caryophyllene <e-> (9.76%), cineol <1.8-> (9. ... | 2005 | 16083076 |
| evaluation of antimotility effect of lantana camara l. var. acuelata constituents on neostigmine induced gastrointestinal transit in mice. | lantana camara l. (verbenaceae), a widely growing shrub which is toxic to some animal species, has been used in the traditional medicine for treating many ailments. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antimotility effects of lantana camara leaf constituents in mice intestine. | 2005 | 16168064 |
| evaluation of the antibacterial activity of ventilago madraspatana gaertn., rubia cordifolia linn. and lantana camara linn.: isolation of emodin and physcion as active antibacterial agents. | the antibacterial activity of the extracts of ventilago madraspatana stem-bark, rubia cordifolia root and lantana camara root-bark, prepared with solvents of different polarity, was evaluated by the agar-well diffusion method. twelve bacteria, six each of gram-positive and gram-negative strains, were used in this study. chloroform and ethanol extracts of v. madraspatana showed broad-spectrum activity against most of the bacteria except s. aureus, e. coli and v. cholerae. on the other hand, the a ... | 2005 | 16261521 |
| search for antibacterial and antifungal agents from selected indian medicinal plants. | a series of 61 indian medicinal plants belonging to 33 different families used in various infectious disorders, were screened for their antimicrobial properties. screening was carried out at 1000 and 500 microg/ml concentrations by agar dilution method against bacillus cereus var mycoides, bacillus pumilus, bacillus subtilis, bordetella bronchiseptica, micrococcus luteus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptoco ... | 2006 | 16678369 |
| evaluation of nitric oxide scavenging activity, in vitro and ex vivo, of selected medicinal plants traditionally used in inflammatory diseases. | steroidal and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, despite their various side effects, are in great demand worldwide. alternatively, herbal formulations provide relief to a large percentage of the population suffering from inflammatory diseases. therefore, such practices need to be rationalized through a mechanistic approach. thus, four traditional medicinal plants, namely ventilago madraspatana gaertn., rubia cordifolia linn., lantana camara linn. and morinda citrifolia linn. were selected for ... | 2006 | 16909442 |
| cytogenetic characterization of lippia alba and lantana camara (verbenaceae) from brazil. | the aim of this work was to determine the cytogenetic characteristics of brazilian lippia alba (mill) n. e. brown and lantana camara plum. that could be useful for future characterization of these genera. our analyses revealed that li. alba has 2n=30 chromosomes consisting of ten metacentric and five submetacentric pairs, while la. camara has 44 metacentric chromosomes. the large blocks of heterochromatin seen in both species suggest an apomorphic condition. six 45s rdna sites were detected in b ... | 2007 | 17048044 |
| chemical constituents and antifilarial activity of lantana camara against human lymphatic filariid brugia malayi and rodent filariid acanthocheilonema viteae maintained in rodent hosts. | lymphatic filariasis continues to be a major health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. a macrofilaricidal agent capable of eliminating adult filarial parasites is urgently needed. in the present study, we report the antifilarial activity in the extract of stem portion of the plant lantana camara. the crude extract at 1 g/kg for 5 days by oral route killed 43.05% of the adult brugia malayi parasites and sterilized 76% of surviving female worms in the rodent model mastomys coucha. a 34 ... | 2007 | 17061115 |
| discriminative feeding behaviour of anopheles gambiae s.s. on endemic plants in western kenya. | anopheles gambiae giles s.s. (diptera: culicidae) is known to feed on plant sugars, but this is the first experimental study to consider whether it discriminates between plant species. thirteen perennial plant species were selected on the basis of their local availability within the vicinity of human dwellings and larval habitats of an. gambiae s.s. in western kenya. groups of 100 or 200 mosquitoes were released into cages either with a cutting of one plant type at a time (single-plant assay) or ... | 2007 | 17373953 |
| a review of the hepatotoxic plant lantana camara. | lantana (lantana camara linn) is a noxious weed that grows in many tropical and subtropical parts of the world. ingestion of lantana foliage by grazing animals causes cholestasis and hepatotoxicity. both ruminants and nonruminant animals such as guinea pigs, rabbits, and female rats are susceptible to the hepatotoxic action of lantana toxins. the hepatotoxins are pentacyclic triterpenoids called lantadenes. molecular structure of lantadenes has been determined. green unripe fruits of the plant a ... | 2007 | 17453937 |
| synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antitumor activity of lantadene-a congeners. | five new derivatives of the pentacyclic triterpenoid lantadene a (= 22beta-angeloyloxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid; 1) from the leaves of lantana camara l. were synthesized, characterized, and screened for their cytotoxicities against four human cancer cell lines. the three most-potent compounds, i.e., 1, 4, and 6, with ic50 values in the range of ca. 20-29 microm, were further studied for their in vivo tumor-inhibitory potential upon oral administration in two-stage squamous cell carcinogenesi ... | 2007 | 17511006 |
| evaluation of liver function impairment and lipid peroxidation induced by lantana camara leaf powder administration in adult rat serum and liver. | lantana camara is a common weed and certain medicinal properties have been attributed to this plant, but most varieties of this plant are reported to be highly toxic to animals. the plant is a native of america but a few varieties are indigenous to tropical asia and africa. the present investigation was done to study the hepatotoxic and lipid peroxidative effects of this noxious weed on female wistar rats. eighty four percent (84%) increase was observed in the activity of ast in group b and 120% ... | 2007 | 17543236 |
| lantana camara for fuel ethanol production using thermotolerant yeast. | evaluation of lantana camara's use as feedstock for fuel ethanol production. | 2007 | 17576231 |
| effect of discriminative plant-sugar feeding on the survival and fecundity of anopheles gambiae. | a previous study showed for anopheles gambiae s.s. a gradation of feeding preference on common plant species growing in a malaria holoendemic area in western kenya. the present follow-up study determines whether there is a relationship between the mosquito's preferences and its survival and fecundity. | 2007 | 17711580 |
| ethnobotanical survey and antibacterial activity of some plants used in guinean traditional medicine. | a total of 418 healers have been interviewed in guinea, a coastal country of west africa, ranging between 7 degrees 30 and 12 degrees 30 of northern latitude and 8 degrees and 15 degrees of western longitude. plant species used by the local inhabitants to treat infectious diseases were identified using ethnobotanical, ethnographic and taxonomic methods. during these investigations, 218 plants were registered, of which the following were the most frequently used: erythrina senegalensis, bridelia ... | 2007 | 17825510 |
| poisoning in ostriches following ingestion of toxic plants--field observations. | data from post-mortem and field studies were obtained that discussed poisoning in ostriches following ingestion of toxic plants. from the notes, all plants studied caused death in ostriches and there was systemic organ damage. poisoning from sarcostemma viminale (melktou) resulted in beak patting, muscular tremors and head flopping, followed by collapse and violent kicking before death. ingestion of combretum oatesii (red wings) seeds from plants in free grazing pastures resulted in vomiting, re ... | 2007 | 17966275 |
| evaluation of the in vitro effect of a lantana camara extract on the labeling of blood constituents of rats with technetium-99m. | blood constituents labeled with technetium-99m (99mtc) have been used in nuclear medicine procedures and drugs are capable to interfere on this labeling. lantana camara (lantana) has medicinal properties and it has been used in folk medicine. the aim is to verify the effect of a lantana extract on the labeling of blood constituents with 99mtc. blood of rats was incubated with extract, stannous chloride and 99mtc, as sodium pertechnetate. plasma (p) and blood cells (bc) were isolated, also precip ... | 2008 | 18390001 |
| antimycobacterial activity of flavonoids from lantana camara linn. | linaroside (1) and lantanoside (2), two flavonoids isolated from lantana camara and their common acetyl derivative (3) were examined for antimycobacterial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis, strain h(37)rv. these compounds exhibited 30, 37 and 98% inhibition, respectively at 6.25 microg ml(-1) concentration. among these flavonoids acetylated compound was found to be the most active. | 2008 | 18415851 |
| chemopreventive activity of lantadenes on two-stage carcinogenesis model in swiss albino mice: ap-1 (c-jun), nfkappab (p65) and p53 expression by elisa and immunohistochemical localization. | lantadenes are pentacyclic triterpenoids isolated from leaves of lantana camara l. and have antitumor activity. lantadene a (la) and methyl ester of la (lam) were earlier studied in the author's lab for their chemopreventive effect on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (dmba) followed by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) induced squamous cell carcinoma incidence in swiss albino mice. the present study was specially designed to initiate the involvement of the molecular targets in chemopreven ... | 2008 | 18425423 |
| lantadenes and their esters as potential antitumor agents. | lantadenes are pentacyclic triterpenoids of the weed lantana camara. five new lantadenes (14-18) and their methyl esters (20-24) were synthesized, characterized, and screened for cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines. the parent compound (1) and the four most active compounds (15, 16, 21, and 22) were further studied for their in vivo tumor inhibitory potential on squamous cell carcinogenesis in swiss albino mice induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba) and promoted by 12-o-t ... | 2008 | 18553923 |
| ethnobotanical study of some of mosquito repellent plants in north-eastern tanzania. | the use of plant repellents against nuisance biting insects is common and its potential for malaria vector control requires evaluation in areas with different level of malaria endemicity. the essential oils of ocimum suave and ocimum kilimandscharicum were evaluated against malaria vectors in north-eastern tanzania. | 2008 | 18687119 |
| evaluation of wound healing activity of lantana camara l. - a preclinical study. | lantana camara is used in herbal medicine for the treatment of skin itches, as an antiseptic for wounds, and externally for leprosy and scabies. the objective of our study was to investigate excision wound healing activity of the leaf extract of l. camara in rats. the animals were divided into two groups of 12 each in both the models. the test group animals were treated with the aqueous extract of l. camara (100 mg/kg/day) topically and the control group animals were left untreated. wound healin ... | 2009 | 18844241 |
| screening of medicinal plants from reunion island for antimalarial and cytotoxic activity. | nine plants from reunion island, selected using ethnopharmacology and chemotaxonomy, were investigated for their potential antimalarial value. | 2008 | 18848979 |
| longitudinal evaluation of ocimum and other plants effects on the feeding behavioral response of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in the field in tanzania. | abstract: | 2008 | 18945343 |
| phenotypical differences among b. cinerea isolates from ornamental plants. | b. cinerea is a common pathogenic fungus which causes botrytis blight (grey mould) in most ornamental plants. it may be responsible for serious preharvest diseases and postharvest losses in fruits, vegetables and flowers. in this work, several b. cinerea isolates from ornamental plants (chamelaucium uncinatum, pelargonium x hortorum, euphorbia pulcherrima, lantana camara, lonicera japonica, hydrangea macrophylla, and cyclamen persicum) affected by botrytis blight in the south of spain were studi ... | 2008 | 19226749 |
| meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria reproduction on dwarf hollies and lantana. | meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria reproduction and host plant tolerance were assessed in field and greenhouse experiments on seven holly cultivars including ilex glabra 'shamrock', i. vomitoria 'schelling's dwarf', i. cornuta 'carissa', red holly hybrid (ilex little red), and i. crenata 'compacta', 'green luster', and 'helleri' as well as japanese boxwood (buxus microphylla) and two lantana cultivars (lantana camara 'miss huff' and 'new gold'). boxwood had the highest m. arenaria and m. inco ... | 2001 | 19265898 |
| an in-vivo study of the efficacy and safety of ethno-veterinary remedies used to control cattle ticks by rural farmers in the eastern cape province of south africa. | ticks feed on blood, are vectors of tick-borne diseases and cause considerable skin damage to livestock. they are commonly controlled using commercial acaricides, which are expensive to the rural farmers, causing them to resort to alternative tick control methods. the objective of this study was to assess the acaricidal properties and safety of some materials (ptaeroxylon obliquum, aloe ferox, lantana camara, tagetes minuta, used engine oil and jeyes fluid, used by rural farmers to control cattl ... | 2009 | 19396566 |
| effects of an exotic plant invasion on native understory plants in a tropical dry forest. | the dry forests of southern india, which are endangered tropical ecosystems and among the world's most important tiger (panthera tigris) habitats, are extensively invaded by exotic plants. yet, experimental studies exploring the impacts of these invasions on native plants in these forests are scarce. consequently, little is known about associated implications for the long-term conservation of tigers and other biodiversity in these habitats. i studied the impacts of the exotic plant lantana camar ... | 2010 | 20067493 |
| comparative effects of lantadene a and its reduced metabolite on mitochondrial bioenergetics. | lantana (lantana camara linn.) is a noxious weed to which certain medicinal properties have been attributed, but its ingestion has been reported to be highly toxic to animals and humans, especially in the liver. the main hepatotoxin in lantana leaves is believed to be the pentacyclic triterpenoid lantadene a (la), but the precise mechanism by which it induces hepatotoxicity has not yet been established. this work addressed the action of la and its reduced derivative (rla) on mitochondrial bioene ... | 2010 | 20152851 |
| antimicrobial activity of some indian medicinal plants. | the antimicrobial potential of seventy-seven extracts from twenty-four plants was screened against eight bacteria and four pathogenic fungi, using microbroth dilution assay. lowest concentration of the extract, which inhibits any visual microbial growth after treatment with p-iodonitrotetrazolium violet, was considered to be minimum inhibitory concentration (mic). water extracts of acacia nilotica, justicia zelanica, lantana camara and saraca asoca exhibited good activity against all the bacteri ... | 2007 | 20161895 |
| temperature-dependent growth of botrytis cinerea isolates from potted plants. | botrytis cinereo is a common aggressive saprophyte fungus which also invades injured plant tissues, causing botrytis blight (grey mould) in many ornamental plants, including potted flowering plants. several b. cinerea isolates from potted plants (pelargonium x hortorum, lantana camara, lonicera japonica, hydrangea macrophylla, and cyclamen persicum) affected by botrytis blight in the south of spain were studied and identified by pcr. the isolates showed phenotypic differences between them, as pr ... | 2009 | 20222557 |
| bioefficacy of lantana camara l. against some human pathogens. | antimicrobial efficacy of flavonoids (free and bound) and crude alkaloids of lantana camara l. was determined by disc diffusion assay against three bacteria (escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, and staphylococcus aureus) and two fungi (candida albicans and trichophyton mentagrophytes). minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration and total activity were also studied. most susceptible microorganism in the present study was c. albicans followed by p. mirabilis, ... | 2009 | 20502587 |
| olfactory search-image use by a mosquito-eating predator. | by choosing blood-carrying mosquitoes as prey, evarcha culicivora, an east african salticid spider, specializes at feeding indirectly on vertebrate blood. it also has an exceptionally complex mate-choice system. an earlier study revealed that search-image use assists e. culicivora in finding prey and mates when restricted to using vision alone. here we show that search-image use assists e. culicivora in finding prey and mates when restricted to using olfaction alone. after being primed with prey ... | 2010 | 20504813 |
| bioethanol production from lantana camara (red sage): pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation. | lantanacamara contains 61.1% (w/w) holocellulose and can serve as a low-cost feedstock for bioethanol production. acid hydrolysis (3.0%, v/v h(2)so(4), 120 degrees c for 45 min) of l. camara produced 187.14 mg/g total sugars along with fermentation inhibitors such as phenolics (8.2mg/g), furfurals (5.1mg/g) and hydroxy methyl furfurals (6.7 mg/g). sequential application of overliming (ph 10.0) and activated charcoal (1.5%, w/v) adsorption was used to remove these toxic compounds from the acid hy ... | 2010 | 20584600 |
| in-vitro antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants from longisa region of bomet district, kenya. | current strategies to overcome the global problem of antimicrobial resistance include research in finding new and innovative antimicrobials from plants. this study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activity of plant extracts of olea africana stem-bark, psidium guajava leaves, vernonia amygdalina leaves, lantana camara leaves and mangifera indica leaves which are used in folklore medicine to treat infections of microbial origin in longisa region of bomet district, kenya. | 2009 | 20589160 |
| chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of lantana camara, ageratum houstonianum and eupatorium adenophorum. | essential oils have applications in folk medicine, food preservation, and as feed additives. the essential oils of lantana camara linn. (verbenaceae), ageratum houstonianum mill. (asteraceae) and eupatorium adenophorum spreng. (asteraceae) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gcms). in l. camara oil, of the total identified (83.91%) volatile constituents, five constituents [3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatriene (28.86%), beta-caryophyllene (12.28%), zingiberene (7.63%), gamma-cu ... | 2010 | 20645797 |
| chemical composition and resistance-modifying effect of the essential oil of lantana camara linn. | in this work, the chemical constituents, antibacterial and modulatory activities of the essential oil of lantana camara linn were studied. the essential oil was extracted from the leaves of l. camara by hydrodistillation method using clevenger's apparatus and its chemical constituents were separated and identified by gc-ms, and the relative content of each constituent was determined by area normalization. among the 25 identified components, bicyclogermacrene (19.42%), isocaryophyllene (16.70%), ... | 2010 | 20668570 |
| toxicity of apolar and polar lantana camara l. crude extracts in mice. | lantana camara l, widely used in folk medicine, presents toxicity for farm animals. the acute poisoning effects of the apolar and polar l. camara l. extracts in mice were done. the percentage of death during 7 days after treatment, the acute signs of toxicity as well as the general activity observed in open field were assessed. the extracts were administered by i.p. route at 1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 g/kg. animals were evaluated during the first 2 h after the treatments to assess the acute signs of toxic ... | 2011 | 20673932 |
| anti-inflammatory and anticancer compounds isolated from ventilago madraspatana gaertn., rubia cordifolia linn. and lantana camara linn. | the aim was to search for anti-inflammatory and anticancer compounds from three medicinal plants, viz. ventilago madraspatana gaertn., rubia cordifolia linn. and lantana camara linn. | 2010 | 20796195 |
| the anti-mycobacterial activity of lantana camara a plant traditionally used to treat symptoms of tuberculosis in south-western uganda. | tuberculosis continues to be a devastating public health problem. many communities in uganda use medicinal plants to treat various infections, including respiratory tract infections. there are claims that some can treat tuberculosis. verifying some of these claims could lead to discovery of lead compounds for development of a tb drug. | 2009 | 20842241 |
| cytotoxic evaluation of semisynthetic ester and amide derivatives of oleanolic acid. | although a number of chemicals have been isolated from lantana camara, only a few have been evaluated for their biological significance. as part of our drug discovery program for cytotoxic agents from indian medicinal plants, roots of l. camara l. were chemically investigated, which resulted in the isolation and identification of a cytotoxic agent, oleanolic acid (1b) as a major constituent. oleanolic acid was converted into six semi-synthetic ester (2-7) and seven amide (8-14) derivatives. the ... | 2010 | 21121249 |
| antiulcerogenic activity of lantana camara leaves on gastric and duodenal ulcers in experimental rats. | lantana camara l. (verbenaceae), a widely growing shrub has been used in the traditional medicine for treating many ailments. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of methanolic extract of lantana camara leaves on gastric and duodenal ulcers. | 2010 | 21129476 |
| weedy lignocellulosic feedstock and microbial metabolic engineering: advancing the generation of 'biofuel'. | lignocellulosic materials are the most abundant renewable organic resources (~200 billion tons annually) on earth that are readily available for conversion to ethanol and other value-added products, but they have not yet been tapped for the commercial production of fuel ethanol. the lignocellulosic substrates include woody substrates such as hardwood (birch and aspen, etc.) and softwood (spruce and pine, etc.), agro residues (wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse, corn stover, etc.), dedicated energy c ... | 2010 | 21181146 |