| amphibians have immunoglobulins similar to ancestral igd and iga from amniotes. | we studied the immunoglobulin genes from either the genomes or rnas of amphibians. in particular, we obtained data from one frog genome (nanorana parkeri) and three transcriptomes of the caudata order (andrias davidianus, notophthalmus viridescens and cynops pyrrhogaster). apart from the immunoglobulins igm and igy previously described, we identified several igd related immunoglobulins. the species n. parkeri, n. viridescens and c. pyrrhogaster have two igd genes, while andrias davidianus has th ... | 2016 | 26675067 |
| comparative high-density linkage mapping reveals conserved genome structure but variation in levels of heterochiasmy and location of recombination cold spots in the common frog. | by combining 7077 snps and 61 microsatellites, we present the first linkage map for some of the early diverged lineages of the common frog, rana temporaria, and the densest linkage map to date for this species. we found high homology with the published linkage maps of the eastern and western lineages but with differences in the order of some markers. homology was also strong with the genome of the tibetan frog nanorana parkeri and we found high synteny with the clawed frog xenopus tropicalis we ... | 2017 | 28040782 |
| identifying homomorphic sex chromosomes from wild-caught adults with limited genomic resources. | we demonstrate a genotyping-by-sequencing approach to identify homomorphic sex chromosomes and their homolog in a distantly related reference genome, based on noninvasive sampling of wild-caught individuals, in the moor frog rana arvalis. double-digest radseq libraries were generated using buccal swabs from 30 males and 21 females from the same population. search for sex-limited markers from the unfiltered data set (411 446 rad tags) was more successful than searches from a filtered data set (33 ... | 2017 | 27790846 |
| phylogeography of nanorana parkeri (anura: ranidae) and multiple refugia on the tibetan plateau revealed by mitochondrial and nuclear dna. | quaternary climatic changes have been recognized to influence the distribution patterns and evolutionary histories of extant organisms, but their effects on alpine species are not well understood. to investigate the pleistocene climatic oscillations on the genetic structure of amphibians, we sequenced one mitochondrial and three nuclear dna fragments in nanorana parkeri, a frog endemic to the tibetan plateau, across its distribution range in the southern plateau. mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb ... | 2015 | 25985205 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the xizang plateau frog, nanorana parkeri (anura: dicroglossidae). | the xizang plateau frog (nanorana parkeri) belongs to the family dicroglossidae, which distributes in southern and eastern xizang, southern-most qinghai in china, high elevations of north-central nepal, himalayan bhutan, northeastern kashmir and india. in this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of n. parkeri was sequenced. the mitogenome was 17,837 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer rna (trna) genes, two ribosomal rna genes, and a non-coding control region (cr ... | 2016 | 25758045 |
| whole-genome sequence of the tibetan frog nanorana parkeri and the comparative evolution of tetrapod genomes. | the development of efficient sequencing techniques has resulted in large numbers of genomes being available for evolutionary studies. however, only one genome is available for all amphibians, that of xenopus tropicalis, which is distantly related from the majority of frogs. more than 96% of frogs belong to the neobatrachia, and no genome exists for this group. this dearth of amphibian genomes greatly restricts genomic studies of amphibians and, more generally, our understanding of tetrapod genom ... | 2015 | 25733869 |
| dna barcodes and species distribution models evaluate threats of global climate changes to genetic diversity: a case study from nanorana parkeri (anura: dicroglossidae). | anthropogenic global climate changes are one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. distribution modeling can predict the effects of climate changes and potentially their effects on genetic diversity. dna barcoding quickly identifies patterns of genetic diversity. as a case study, we use dna barcodes and distribution models to predict threats under climate changes in the frog nanorana parkeri, which is endemic to the qinghai-tibetan plateau. barcoding identifies major lineages w and e. lineage ... | 2014 | 25093586 |
| novel families of antimicrobial peptides with multiple functions from skin of xizang plateau frog, nanorana parkeri. | xizang plateau frog (nanorana parkeri) captured in lhasa, tibet, china, solely lives in the subtropical plateau, where there is strong ultraviolet radiation and long duration of sunshine. considering its harsh living environment, the frog's innate defense against microbes and environmental stress was investigated. in current study, three antimicrobial peptides (amps) were purified and characterized from the skin secretion of n. parkeri. the coding cdna sequences were also cloned from the skin cd ... | 2010 | 20153801 |
| complete genome sequence of a divergent strain of tibetan frog hepatitis b virus associated with a concave-eared torrent frog (odorrana tormota). | viruses of the family hepadnaviridae are characterized by partially dsdna circular genomes of approximately 3.2 kb, which are reverse transcribed from rna intermediates. hepadnaviruses have a broad host range, which includes humans (hepatitis b virus), other mammals (genus orthohepadnavirus), and birds (genus avihepadnavirus). the known host specificity of hepadnaviruses has been expanded by reports of new viruses infecting fish, amphibians, and reptiles. tibetan frog hepatitis b virus (tfhbv) w ... | 2019 | 30923967 |
| unique composition of intronless and intron-containing type i ifns in the tibetan frog nanorana parkeri provides new evidence to support independent retroposition hypothesis for type i ifn genes in amphibians. | in vertebrates, intron-containing and intronless type i ifn genes have recently been reported in amphibian model species xenopus tropicalis and x. laevis. however, whether intronless type i ifns in amphibians are the ancestral genes of type i ifns in amniotes or just represent the independent divergence in amphibians is unknown or even uninvestigated. in this study, both intron-containing and intronless type i ifn genes, as well as their receptor genes, were identified in the tibetan frog nanora ... | 2018 | 30389775 |
| the first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of nanorana parkeri and nanorana ventripunctata (amphibia: anura: dicroglossidae), with related phylogenetic analyses. | members of the nanorana genus (family dicroglossidae) are often referred to as excellent model species with which to study amphibian adaptations to extreme environments and also as excellent keystone taxa for providing insights into the evolution of the dicroglossidae. however, a complete mitochondrial genome is currently only available for nanorana pleskei. thus, we analyzed the complete mitochondrial genomes of nanorana parkeri and nanorana ventripunctata to investigate their evolutionary rela ... | 2018 | 30073060 |
| selection and environmental adaptation along a path to speciation in the tibetan frog nanorana parkeri. | tibetan frogs, nanorana parkeri, are differentiated genetically but not morphologically along geographical and elevational gradients in a challenging environment, presenting a unique opportunity to investigate processes leading to speciation. analyses of whole genomes of 63 frogs reveal population structuring and historical demography, characterized by highly restricted gene flow in a narrow geographic zone lying between matrilines west (w) and east (e). a population found only along a single tr ... | 2018 | 29760079 |
| freeze tolerance and the underlying metabolite responses in the xizang plateau frog, nanorana parkeri. | the frog nanorana parkeri (dicroglossidae) is endemic to the tibetan plateau, and overwinters shallow pond within damp caves for up to 6 months. herein, we investigate the freeze tolerance of this species and profile changes in liver and skeletal muscle metabolite levels using an untargeted lc-ms-based metabolomic approach to investigate molecular mechanisms that may contribute to freezing survival. we found that three of seven specimens of n. parkeri could survive after being frozen for 12 h at ... | 2020 | 33025179 |
| metabolic characteristics of overwintering by the high-altitude dwelling xizang plateau frog, nanorana parkeri. | the xizang plateau frog, nanorana parkeri, has the highest altitudinal distribution of all frogs in the world and survives the cold of winter without feeding by entering into a hibernating state. however, little attention has been paid to its physiological and biochemical characteristics that support overwintering underwater in small ponds. here, we measured metabolic rate and heart rate, and collected liver and muscle samples from n. parkeri in summer and winter for analysis of mitochondrial re ... | 2020 | 32274534 |
| genetic diversity in frogs linked to past and future climate changes on the roof of the world. | mountains, representing storehouses of biodiversity, endemism and threatened species, are biodiversity hotspots of great conservation importance. however, increasing evidence indicates that mountain species throughout the world are responding to climate change, past or contemporary, by shifting their geographic distributions and patterns of genetic diversity, potentially affecting their adaptive capacity and increasing risk of extinction. using the iconic high-elevation frog nanorana parkeri as ... | 2019 | 30861112 |
| cdna cloning and expression analysis of glutaredoxin (grx) 2 in the pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei. | glutaredoxin (grx) is a class molecule oxidoreductase, which can regulate the redox state of proteins and plays a key role in antioxidant defense. however, the informations of grx cdna sequences and their functions are lack in decapod crustacea. in the present study, the cdna of lvgrx 2 was cloned from the pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei. the open reading frame (orf) of lvgrx 2 was 360 bp, which encoded a polypeptide of 119 amino acids. the molecular mass of the predicted protein is 1 ... | 2019 | 30537530 |
| the levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in hibernating nanorana parkeri. | the effect of hibernation on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense was assessed in the frog nanorana parkeri which inhabits the southern tibetan plateau. we compared the indices of oxidative stress (gssg/gsh), the degree of oxidative damage (content of carbonyl proteins and lipid peroxide products) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (sod, cat, gpx, gst and gr) in liver, brain, heart and muscle of n. parkeri sampled during summer and winter. obtained results showed that hibernation indu ... | 2018 | 29454142 |