| large animal hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic plants. | the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic plants of large domestic animals have been reviewed. the most important ones are those widely distributed as weeds over pastures, negelcted forests and grasslands, those used as ornamentals, the nitrate concentrating forage crops, and the cyanophoric plants. crotolaria spp, the ragwort (senecia jacobaea), the lantana spp. and heliotopum are common hepatoxic plants. amaranthus retroflexus, datura stramonium, solanum rostratum, and the castor oil plant (ricinus comm ... | 1979 | 516370 |
| perirenal edema in swine- caused by ingestion of amaranthus retroflexus (pigweed). | | 1975 | 1039199 |
| perirenal edema and toxic nephrosis in cattle, associated with ingestion of pigweed. | twenty-two young cows died or were euthanatized after intoxication associated with ingestion of redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus) growing in marginal grass pasture. after several days of weakness and posterior incoordination, the cattle became recumbent but remained alert. pertinent clinical laboratory findings included increased blood urea nitrogen content and marked proteinuria. at necropsy, perirenal edema and toxic tubular neprosis were seen. | 1975 | 1184428 |
| cross-reactivity among chenopodiaceae and amaranthaceae. | pollen extracts from atriplex latifolia, beta vulgaris, salsola kali and amaranthus retroflexus were compared with an extract from chenopodium album by both in vivo and in vitro methods. skin prick tests on 20 c. album-sensitive patients were positive with all extracts. rast inhibition together with two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis and two-dimensional radioimmunoelectrophoresis indicate that common allergenic determinants are present. electrophoretic transfer for detection of ige binding mo ... | 1985 | 2581481 |
| amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed): inability to cause renal toxicosis in rabbits. | rabbits fed amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) did not develop lesions of renal toxicosis reported in other species fed this plant. in feeding trials using adult and weanling rabbits, a retroflexus did not produce indications of renal involvement in rabbits. in both trials, treated rabbits had increased weight loss when compared with controls; however, the weight loss was not attributed to a toxic effect, but to previously described decreased palatability of amaranthus spp. | 1985 | 3970436 |
| production of perirenal edema in swine with amaranthus retroflexus. | | 1969 | 5813019 |
| pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus): an oxalate-containing plant. | | 1967 | 6068253 |
| amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) poisoning in cattle. | amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed)-induced nephrotoxicity was diagnosed in 6 herds of cattle from 3 counties in southwest missouri. forty-eight cows and calves died and another 35 were clinically affected. serum urea nitrogen concentration, determined in 4 affected calves, was between 55 and 284 mg/dl, and serum creatinine concentration was between 6.7 and 29.9 mg/dl. postmortem examination of affected cows and calves revealed amber-colored fluid in peritoneal cavities and retroperitoneal ... | 1994 | 8045809 |
| redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus) poisoning of cattle in southern brazil. | two outbreaks of amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) poisoning occurring in cattle in southern brazil in late summer and early autumn are described. in both instances too many cattle were held in small paddocks heavily invaded by a retroflexus in its seeding stage. in 1 herd 8/28 heifers and in the other 15/45 adult cows died. clinical courses ranged from 3 to 7 d. clinical signs included depression, loss of weight, mild serous nasal discharge, foul smelling liquid feces tinged with blood, ... | 1997 | 9080636 |
| pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus) toxicosis in cattle. | four of approximately 15 dry cows introduced on a 10-acre fescue-clover-orchard grass-dallis grass pasture in east tennessee became recumbent. clinical findings included depression, muscle tremors, increased heart and respiratory rates, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperkalemia, azotemia, and elevated creatinine phosphokinase. three cows recovered; 1 died. differential diagnoses considered were hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, rabies and toxicoses from amaranthus retroflexus (pigweed), quercus spp ... | 1998 | 9682407 |
| evaluation of the nutritional value of the amaranth plant. i. raw and heat-treated grain tested in experiments on growing rats. | two experiments were carried out on rats to determine the nutritional value of raw and autoclaved amaranth (amaranthus retroflexus) seeds. the test groups of the first experiment were fed only ground amaranth seed. the control group received pure maize meal. both test groups showed higher growth rate than the control group, due to the higher protein content of amaranth. the final body weight of rats fed autoclaved amaranth seed significantly exceeded that of rats fed raw amaranth seed. the net p ... | 1998 | 9704510 |
| allelopathic potential and chemical constituents of volatiles from ageratum conyzoides under stress. | the allelopathic potential of ageratum conyzoides was investigated under different environmental stress conditions, including nutrient deficiency. physical damage, 2.4-d treatment, competition with bidens pilosa, infection with erysiphe cichoracearum, and feeding by aphiids gossypii. the inhibitory effects of a. conyzoides volatiles on peanut (arachis hypogaea), redroot amaranth (amaranthus retroflexus), cucumber (cucumis sativus), and ryegrass (lolium multiforum) increased when plants were grow ... | 2002 | 12184395 |
| chemical control of perennial and annual weeds in herbicide resistant soybean crops. | in romania, the first tests with roundup ready on soybean crops were performed in 1998, on 2 soil types: a) at teleorman station on chernozem containing 3.5% humus, 4.5% clay b) at brăila station placed in danube meadow on alluvial soil containing 3.90% humus and 46% clay. in every locality cultivated soybean cultivar s.2254 was resistant to glyphosate. during the three years of experiments (1998-2000) the crop of soybean was infested with various species of weeds (both annual and perennial) of ... | 2001 | 12425098 |
| effects of hand weeding strip and nitrogen fertilizer on corn plants. | the objective of the present research was to evaluate effects of different strip weed control associated with nitrogen fertilizer on corn applied after planting. the experiment was set and conducted in botucatu, são paulo state, brazil, and the hybrid planted was dekalb 333-b. a completely randomized block design with four replications was used. experimental plots were disposed as a factorial scheme 2 x 2 x 4, constituted by two types of weeding on row (with or without manual hoeing), two types ... | 2005 | 15656170 |
| plant growth inhibition by cis-cinnamoyl glucosides and cis-cinnamic acid. | spiraea thunbergii sieb. contains 1-o-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-d-glucopyranose (cg) and 6-o-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylene-butyroyl)-1-o-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-d-glucopyranose (bcg) as major plant growth inhibiting constituents. in the present study, we determined the inhibitory activity of cg and bcg on root elongation of germinated seedlings of lettuce (lactuca sativa), pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus), red clover (trifolium pratense), timothy (phleum pratense), and bok choy (brassica rapa var chinensis) in c ... | 2005 | 15898503 |
| an antimicrobial peptide ar-amp from amaranth (amaranthus retroflexus l.) seeds. | a 30-residue antimicrobial peptide ar-amp was isolated from the seeds of amaranth amaranthus retroflexus l. essentially by a single step procedure using reversed-phase hplc, and its in vitro biological activities were studied. the complete amino acid sequence of ar-amp was determined by edman degradation in combination with mass spectrometric methods. in addition, the cdna encoding ar-amp was obtained and sequenced. the cdna encodes a precursor protein consisting of the n-terminal putative signa ... | 2005 | 16126239 |
| experimental transmission of pospiviroid populations to weed species characteristic of potato and hop fields. | weed plants characteristic for potato and hop fields have not been considered in the past as potential hosts that could transmit and lead to spreading of potato spindle tuber (pstvd) and hop stunt (hsvd) viroids, respectively. to gain insight into this problem, we biolistically inoculated these weed plants with viroid populations either as rna or as cdna. new potential viroid host species, collected in central europe, were discovered. from 12 weed species characteristic for potato fields, high v ... | 2007 | 17715233 |
| role of myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) and its secondary hosts in plum pox virus propagation. | plum pox virus (family potyviridae, genus potyvirus, ppv) is one of the most important viral pathogens of plants in the genus prunus, particularly prunus persica l. the role of the myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae) as a vector of ppv-m, and its role in spreading ppv-m, was investigated. ppv-m-infected peach trees were used as inoculum sources, and transmission to 15 herbaceous species commonly present in and around peach orchards was evaluated. the presence of ppv-m in secondary hos ... | 2007 | 17849850 |
| potential of olive mill waste and compost as biobased pesticides against weeds, fungi, and nematodes. | the phytotoxic and antimicrobial properties of olive mill wastes have been widely investigated and demonstrated over the past decade. however, their potential utilization as biodegradable pesticides against plant pathogens is still poorly understood. in this study, a series of laboratory bioassays was designed to test the inhibitory effects of sterile water extracts of two-phase olive mill waste (tpomw) and tpomw composts with different degrees of stabilization on several different plant pathoge ... | 2008 | 18471866 |
| antifungal, phytotoxic and insecticidal properties of essential oil isolated from turkish origanum acutidens and its three components, carvacrol, thymol and p-cymene. | the chemical composition of essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of origanum acutidens was analyzed by gc-ms. carvacrol (87.0%), p-cymene (2.0%), linalool acetate (1.7%), borneol (1.6%) and beta-caryophyllene (1.3%) were found to be as main constituents. antifungal, phytotoxic and insecticidal activities of the oil and its aromatic monoterpene constituents, carvacrol, p-cymene and thymol were also determined. the antifungal assays showed that o. acutidens oil, carvac ... | 2008 | 18513954 |
| allelopathic potential of trifolium resupinatum and t. alexandrium on seed germination of four weed species. | laboratory studies were conducted to determine the seed germination of amaranthus retroflexus, convolvulus arvensis, secale cereale and sinapis arvensis as affected by water-and methanol-soluble constituents of persian and berseem clovers. aboveground tissues of the clovers were collected during flowering stage and dried. three concentrations of aqueous and methanolic extracts were used: full-strength (33.3 g l(-1)), half-strength (16.7 g l(-1)) and quarter-strength (8.3 g l(-1)). the weed seeds ... | 2007 | 19070068 |
| study on the role of common weeds in survival of verticillium dahliae the causal agent of cotton wilt disease. | this study was carried out to investigate the roles of common weeds in the survival of verticillium dahliae and the incidence of cotton wilt disease in moghan and neishabour area of iran during 2003-2005 cropping seasons. the design of the experiment was randomized complete blocks (rcb) with ten treatments (no. of weeds) and four replications (no. of cotton fields). populations of v. dahliae in the roots of weeds and their surrounding soil was determined every year and were compared in different ... | 2007 | 19090252 |
| screening for soil streptomycetes from north jordan that can produce herbicidal compounds. | a total of 231 different soil streptomyces isolates were recovered from 16 different locations in north jordan. they were assessed for their phytotoxic activity on seeds of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) and ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) placed adjacent to a 2 cm wide streptomyces culture strips grown at 28c degrees for 3 weeks on starch casein nitrate (scn) agar. phytotoxicity was ascertained on the basis of suppressed seed germination, discoloration of the root tip, reduced root and the shoot gr ... | 2008 | 19275043 |
| phytoremediation of heavy-metal-polluted soils: screening for new accumulator plants in angouran mine (iran) and evaluation of removal ability. | heavy metal pollution is a worldwide problem. phytoremediation is an effective and low-cost interesting technology. this study was conducted in a dried waste pool of a lead and zinc mine in angouran (iran) to find accumulator plant(s). concentrations of heavy metals were determined both in the soil and the plants that were grown in the mine and out of mine. the concentration of total cu, fe, zn, pb and ni in the mine area were higher than the control soil. the results showed that five dominant v ... | 2009 | 19386362 |
| [occurrence and performance of euschistus heros (f.) (heteroptera: pentatomidae) on alternative host plants in rio grande do sul state, brazil]. | the neotropical brown stink bug euschistus heros (f.) can reach high densities in some soybean areas in brazil. besides soybean, it also feeds on other plants, but little is known on the alternative hosts of e. heros in rio grande do sul state. in this study, wild non-cultivated hosts of e. heros at norwest of rio grande do sul state were determined, and the e. heros performance was compared when fed on soybean and on wild hosts. bugs were sought in plants located inside and on the edge of soybe ... | 2009 | 19768262 |
| phytoremediation of petroleum-polluted soils: application of polygonum aviculare and its root-associated (penetrated) fungal strains for bioremediation of petroleum-polluted soils. | petroleum-polluted soils are a common disaster in many countries. bioremediation of oil contamination in soils is based on the stimulation of petroleum-hydrocarbon-degrading fungal and microbial communities. a field study was conducted in a petroleum-contaminated site to find petroleum-resistant plants and their root-associated fungal strains for use in bioremediation of petroleum-polluted soils. results and observations showed that the amounts of petroleum pollution in nonvegetated soils were s ... | 2010 | 19932506 |
| identification of a new allergen from amaranthus retroflexus pollen, ama r 2. | background: pollinosis from amaranthus retroflexus pollen is a common cause of respiratory allergy in iran with a high positive rate (68.8%) among iranian allergic patients. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the allergenicity of the a. retroflexus pollen profilin. methods: using sera from twelve patients allergic to a. retroflexus pollen, ige-binding proteins from the a. retroflexus pollen extract was identified by immunoblotting. the cdna of a. retroflexus pollen profilin was amplifi ... | 2011 | 21430432 |
| assessment of effects of the rising atmospheric nitrogen deposition on nitrogen uptake and long-term water-use efficiency of plants using nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes. | this study assesses the effects of the atmospheric nitrogen (n) deposition on the n uptake and the long-term water-use efficiency of two c(3) plants (agropyron cristatum and leymus chinensis) and two c(4) plants (amaranthus retroflexus and setaria viridis) using n and c stable isotopes. in addition, this study explores the potential correlation between leaf n isotope (δ(15) n) values and leaf c isotope (δ(13) c) values. this experiment shows that the atmospheric n deposition has significant effe ... | 2011 | 21638358 |
| effect of pre-planting irrigation, maize planting pattern and nitrogen on weed seed bank population. | pre-planting irrigation and planting patterns are important factors in weed management that effect on seed bank. additionally, the nitrogen is the most important factor in plant growth that affects weed-crop competition and ultimately, seed rain into the soil. a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen application rates, pre-planting irrigation and maize planting patterns on weed seed bank population. experimental factors were nitrogen rates at 4 levels (200, 300, 400 and 5 ... | 2011 | 22696965 |
| chalcone-based selective inhibitors of a c4 plant key enzyme as novel potential herbicides. | weeds are a challenge for global food production due to their rapidly evolving resistance against herbicides. we have identified chalcones as selective inhibitors of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc), a key enzyme for carbon fixation and biomass increase in the c4 photosynthetic pathway of many of the world's most damaging weeds. in contrast, many of the most important crop plants use c3 photosynthesis. here, we show that 2',3',4',3,4-pentahydroxychalcone (ic50 = 600 nm) and 2',3',4'-trihyd ... | 2016 | 27263468 |
| antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of alcoholic extracts obtained from vegetative organs of a. retroflexus. | in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of amaranthus retroflexus leaves and inflorescence alcoholic (ethanol 70%) extracts of various concentrations ranging from 0.78 to 400 μl/ml were analyzed on different clinical and reference bacterial strains (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtills, enterococcus faecalis, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii) and fungal strains (candida albicans, c. famata, c. utilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae) ... | 2014 | 25518569 |
| phytotoxic and antibacterial metabolites from fusarium proliferatum zs07 isolated from the gut of long-horned grasshoppers. | in the proceeding of screening new bioactive natural products, the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of fusarium proliferatum zs07, a fungus residing in the gut of long-horned grasshoppers (tettigonia chinensis), was found possessing selective phytotoxic activity against the radicle growth of amaranthus retroflexus l. bioactivity-guided fractionation lead to the isolation of six fungal metabolites 1-6, including a new polyketide derivate o-methylated sma93 (2) and five known compou ... | 2014 | 25146301 |
| cloning and expression of ama r 1, as a novel allergen of amaranthus retroflexus pollen. | sensitisation to amaranthus retroflexus pollen is very common in tropical and subtropical countries. in this study we aimed to produce a recombinant allergenic ole e 1-like protein from the pollen of this weed. to predict cross-reactivity of this allergen (ama r 1) with other members of the ole e 1-like protein family, the nucleotide sequence homology of the ama r 1 was investigated. the expression of ama r 1 in escherichia coli was performed by using a pet-21b(+) vector. the ige-binding potenti ... | 2016 | 26925110 |
| susceptibility of several common subtropical weeds to meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica. | experiments were conducted in the greenhouse to assess root galling and egg production of three root-knot nematode species, meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica, on several weeds common to florida agricultural land. weeds evaluated were amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed), cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge), eleusine indica (goosegrass), portulaca oleracea (common purslane), and solanum americanum (american black nightshade). additionally, although it is recommended as a co ... | 2012 | 23482324 |
| synthesis and physiological activity of ureas and amides with carvone residues. | the synthesis and herbicidal activity of ureas and amides with carvone residues were examined. (s)-(+)-(1) and (r)-(-)-carvone(2) were converted to the respectively, primary amines(3) and (4) by oximation and reduction with lialh(4). primary amine derivatives were further converted into the urea and amide compounds (3a) approximately (3e) and (4a) approximately (4e). the herbicidal activity of products (3a) approximately (3e) and (4a) approximately (4e) towards weeds found in a paddy field and f ... | 2007 | 17898496 |
| nutritive value of green or yellow foxtail, wild oats, wild buckwheat or redroot pigweed seed as determined with the rat. | pure green foxtail (setaria viridis beauv.), yellow foxtail (setaria lutescens hubb.), wild oats (avena fatua l.), wild buckwehat (polygonum convolvulus l.) and redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.) seeds were fed to growing male rats in two experiments. in the first experiment, green or yellow foxtail and wild oats seeds were found to be first-limiting in the amino acid lysine. green or yellow foxtail seed supplemented with lysine produced satisfactory rat growth. digestible energy (de) v ... | 1980 | 7410266 |
| host suitability of 32 common weeds to meloidogyne hapla in organic soils of southwestern quebec. | thirty-two weeds commonly found in the organic soils of southwestern quebec were evaluated for host suitability to a local isolate of the northern root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla under greenhouse conditions. galls were observed on the roots of 21 species. sixteen of the 21 had a reproduction factor (pf/pi = final number of m. hapla eggs and juveniles per initial number of m. hapla juveniles per pot) higher than carrot (pf/pi = 0.37), the major host crop in this agricultural area. tomato cv. ... | 1996 | 19277189 |
| [inhibition of amaranthus retroflexus by wasp gut fungal isolate fusarium oxysporum mf06]. | to study the inhibitory effect of wasp gut fungus against the radicle growth of amaranthus retroflexus for the development of herbicides from microorganisms. | 2015 | 26065271 |
| densities of eggs and nymphs and percent parasitism of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) on common weeds in west central florida. | the density of eggs and nymphs of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b and the percent parasitism of the nymphs were measured from specimens collected on nine species of weeds, commonly found in west central florida during the spring and summer of 2012 and 2013. the weeds were direct seeded in 2012 and grown as transplants in 2013 for randomized complete block design experiments. the leaf area of each whole-plant sample was measured and the b. tabaci density parameters were converted to numbers ... | 2014 | 26462945 |
| synthesis and evaluation of heterocyclic analogues of bromoxynil. | one attractive strategy to discover more active and/or crop-selective herbicides is to make structural changes to currently registered compounds. this strategy is especially appealing for those compounds with limited herbicide resistance and whose chemistry is accompanied with transgenic tools to enable herbicide tolerance in crop plants. bromoxynil is a photosystem ii (psii) inhibitor registered for control of broadleaf weeds in several agronomic and specialty crops. recently at the university ... | 2014 | 24354444 |
| synthesis and herbicidal activity of 2-(substituted phenoxyacetoxy)alkyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-2-one. | a series of 2-(substituted phenoxyacetoxy)alkyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-2-ones iia-s were designed and synthesized on the basis of the previous work for the modification of alkylphosphonates i, and their structures were confirmed by (1)h nmr, (31)p nmr, (13)c nmr, ir, ms, and elemental analysis. their herbicidal activities against seven species of weeds were evaluated in a greenhouse. a part of the title compounds such as iia-g, iik, iio, and iir exhibited significant postemergence he ... | 2012 | 22816730 |
| boa detoxification of four summer weeds during germination and seedling growth. | a recent greenhouse study revealed a significant reduction of germination and growth of redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus) and common purslane (portulaca oleracea) by rye mulch, whereas velvetleaf (abutilon theophrasti) and common lambsquarters (chenopodium album) were not suppressed. since boa detoxification by metabolic alteration may influence the relation between the benzoxazinoid content of the soil mulch and weed suppression, we tested the dynamics in boa detoxification in different ... | 2012 | 22614450 |
| physiological and growth responses of c3 and c4 plants to reduced temperature when grown at low co2 of the last ice age. | during the last ice age, co2 concentration ([co2]) was 180-200 micromol/mol compared with the modern value of 380 micromol/mol, and global temperatures were approximately 8 degrees c cooler. relatively little is known about the responses of c3 and c4 species to long-term exposure to glacial conditions. here abutilon theophrasti medik. (c3) and amaranthus retroflexus l. (c4) were grown at 200 micromol/mol co2 with current (30/24 degrees c) and glacial (22/16 degrees c) temperatures for 22 d. over ... | 2008 | 19017126 |
| photosynthetic and growth responses of zea mays l and four weed species following post-emergence treatments with mesotrione and atrazinet. | we compared photosynthesis and growth of zea mays l (corn) and four weed species, setaria viridis (l) beauv (green foxtail), echinochloa crus-galli (l) beauv (barnyardgrass), abutilon theophrasti medic (velvetleaf), and amaranthus retroflexus l (redroot pigweed), following foliar applications with atrazine, mesotrione, or a combination of atrazine and mesotrione in two greenhouse experiments. plant responses to the three herbicide treatments were compared with responses of untreated plants (cont ... | 2004 | 15532681 |
| decoupling of light intensity effects on the growth and development of c3 and c4 weed species through sucrose supplementation. | light availability has a profound effect on plant growth and development. one of the ways to study the effects of light intensity on plant growth and development without the confounding problem of photosynthate availability is sucrose injection/supplementation. a greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of light levels (0% and 75% shade) and sucrose injection (distilled water or 150 g sucrose l(-1)) on three weed species: redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l., c4), lambsq ... | 2002 | 12177133 |
| effects of low and elevated co2 on c3 and c4 annuals : ii. photosynthesis and leaf biochemistry. | abutilon theophrasti (c3) and amaranthus retroflexus (c4), were grown from seed at four partial pressures of co2: 15 pa (below pleistocene minimum), 27 pa (pre-industrial), 35 pa (current), and 70 pa (future) in the duke phytotron under high light, high nutrient, and wellwatered conditions to evaluate their photosynthetic response to historic and future levels of co2. net photosynthesis at growth co2 partial pressures increased with increasing co2 for c3 plants, but not c4 plants. net photosynth ... | 1995 | 28306971 |
| effects of low and elevated co2 on c3 and c4 annuals : i. growth and biomass allocation. | in order study c3 and c4 plant growth in atmospheric co2 levels ranging from past through predicted future levels, abutilon theophrasti (c3) and amaranthus retroflexus (c4) were grown from seed in growth chambers controlled at co2 partial pressures of 15 pa (below pleistocene minimum), 27 pa (pre-industrial), 35 pa (current) and 70 pa (predicted future). after 35 days of growth, co2 had no effect on the relative growth rate, total biomass or partitioning of biomass in the c4 species. however, th ... | 1995 | 28306970 |
| elevated co2 and plant nitrogen-use: is reduced tissue nitrogen concentration size-dependent? | plants often respond to elevated atmospheric co2 levels with reduced tissue nitrogen concentrations relative to ambient co2-grown plants when comparisons are made at a common time. another common response to enriched co2 atmospheres is an acceleration in plant growth rates. because plant nitrogen concentrations are often highest in seedlings and subsequently decrease during growth, comparisons between ambient and elevated co2-grown plants made at a common time may not demonstrate co2-induced red ... | 1993 | 28313607 |
| phytotoxicity of sorgoleone found in grain sorghum root exudates. | root exudates ofsorghum bicolor consist primarily of a dihydroquinone that is quickly oxidized to ap-benzoquinone named sorgoleone. the aim of this investigation was to determine the potential activity of sorgoleone as an inhibitor of weed growth. bioassays showed 125μm sorgoleone reduced radicle elongation oferagrostis tef. in liquid culture, 50-μm sorgoleone treatments stunted the growth oflemna minor. over a 10-day treatment period, 10μm sorgoleone in the nutrient medium reduced the growth of ... | 1992 | 24254628 |
| using growth analysis to interpret competition between a c3 and a c4 annual under ambient and elevated co2. | detailed growth analysis in conjunction with information on leaf display and nitrogen uptake was used to interpret competition between abutilon theophrasti, a c3 annual, and amaranthus retroflexus, a c4 annual, under ambient (350 μl l(-1)) and two levels of elevated (500 and 700 μl l(-1)) co2. plants were grown both individually and in competition with each other. competition caused a reduction in growth in both species, but for different reasons. in abutilon, decreases in leaf area ratio (lar) ... | 1989 | 28312859 |
| synthesis and biological evaluations of a series of thaxtomin analogues. | thaxtomins are a unique family of phytotoxins with unique 4-nitroindole and diketopiperazine fragments possessing potential herbicidal activities. this work presents the total synthesis of natural product thaxtomin c and its analogues. the extensive structure-activity relationship study screens four effective compounds, including thaxtomin a and thaxtomin c. it is indicated that 4-nitro indole fragment is essential for phytotoxicity, while benzyl and m-hydroxybenzyl substituents on the diketopip ... | 2015 | 25804187 |
| amaranthaceae pollens: review of an emerging allergy in the mediterranean area. | the amaranthaceae family is composed of about 180 genera and 2500 species. these common weeds have become increasingly relevant as triggers of allergy in the last few years, as they are able to rapidly colonize salty and arid soils in extensive desert areas. the genera chenopodium, salsola, and amaranthus are the major sources of pollinosis from the amaranthaceae family in southern europe, western united states, and semidesert areas of saudi arabia, kuwait, and iran. in spain, salsola kali is on ... | 2014 | 25668889 |
| evaluating weeds as hosts of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b transmits tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv), which affects tomato production globally. prompt destruction of virus reservoirs is a key component of virus management. identification of weed hosts of tylcv will be useful for reducing such reservoirs. the status of weeds as alternate hosts of tylcv in florida remains unclear. in greenhouse studies, b. tabaci adults from a colony reared on tylcv-infected tomato were established in cages containing one of four ... | 2015 | 26314055 |
| effects of irradiance on relative growth rates, net assimilation rates, and leaf area partitioning in cotton and three associated weeds. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. var. ;stoneville 213'), velvetleaf (abutilon theophrasti medic.), redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.), and hemp sesbania (sesbania exaltata [raf.] cory) were grown in a controlled environment room at 31/25 c day/night temperature and three irradiances: 90, 320, and 750 mueinsteins meter(-2) second(-1). from total dry weights and leaf areas determined at intervals during the first exponential phase of growth, we used mathematical growth analysis techniques to ... | 1978 | 16660454 |
| analysis of gene sequences indicates that quantity not quality of chloroplast small hsps improves thermotolerance in c4 and cam plants. | chloroplast-localized small heat-shock proteins (cp-shsp) protect photosystem ii and thylakoid membranes during heat and other stresses, and cp-shsp production levels are related to plant thermotolerance. however, to date, a paucity of cp-shsp sequences from c4 or cam species, or from other extremely heat-tolerant species, has precluded an examination to determine if cp-shsp genes or proteins might differ among plants with photosynthetic pathways or between heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant speci ... | 2012 | 22797908 |
| impact of cropping systems, soil inoculum, and plant species identity on soil bacterial community structure. | farming practices affect the soil microbial community, which in turn impacts crop growth and crop-weed interactions. this study assessed the modification of soil bacterial community structure by organic or conventional cropping systems, weed species identity [amaranthus retroflexus l. (redroot pigweed) or avena fatua l. (wild oat)], and living or sterilized inoculum. soil from eight paired usda-certified organic and conventional farms in north-central montana was used as living or autoclave-ster ... | 2017 | 27677892 |
| eriophyoid mites (acari: prostigmata: eriophyoidea) from turkey: description of five new species. | five new eriophyoid mite species (eriophyidae) from turkey are described and illustrated in this paper: aceria vanensis n. sp., aceria onosmae n. sp., aculus lydii n. sp., aculus gebeliae n. sp. and aculus spectabilis n. sp.. the descriptions are based on the morphology of females collected from weedy plants, respectively: amaranthus retroflexus l. (amaranthaceae), onosma isauricum boiss. et heldr. (boraginaceae), hypericum lydium boiss. (hypericaceae), lotus gebelia vent. (fabaceae) and stachys ... | 2016 | 27395550 |
| different growth responses of an invasive weed and a native crop to nitrogen pulse and competition. | resource pulses are a common event in agro-ecosystems. a pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen (n) pulses and competition on the growth of an invasive weed, amaranthus retroflexus, and a native crop, glycine max. a. retroflexus and g. max were planted in pure culture with two individuals of one species in each pot and in mixed culture with one a. retroflexus and one g. max individual and subjected to three n pulse treatments. the n treatments included a no-peak treatment ... | 2016 | 27280410 |
| target-site basis for resistance to imazethapyr in redroot amaranth (amaranthus retroflexus l.). | experiments were conducted to confirm imazethapyr resistance in redroot amaranth (amaranthus retroflexus l.) and study the target-site based mechanism for the resistance. whole-plant response experiments revealed that the resistant (r) population exhibited 19.16 fold resistance to imazethapyr compared with the susceptible (s) population. in vitro als activity assay demonstrated that the imazethapyr i50 value of the r population was 21.33 times greater than that of the s population. however, qrt- ... | 2016 | 26969434 |
| synthesis and evaluation of hydroxyazolopyrimidines as herbicides; the generation of amitrole in planta. | exploiting novel herbicidal modes of action is an important method to overcome the challenges faced by increasing resistance and regulatory pressure on existing commercial herbicides. recent reports of inhibitors of enzymes in the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis led to the design of a novel class of azolopyrimidines which were assessed for their herbicidal activity. studies were also undertaken to determine the mode of action responsible for the observed herbicidal activity. | 2016 | 26918632 |
| uptake and release of cesium-137 by five plant species as influenced by soil amendments in field experiments. | phytoextraction field experiments were conducted on soil contaminated with 0.39 to 8.7 bq/g of 137cs to determine the capacity of five plant species to accumulate 137cs and the effects of three soil treatments on uptake. the plants tested were redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l. var. aureus); a mixture of redroot pigweed and spreading pigweed (a. graecizans l.); purple amaranth (a. cruteus l.) x powell's amaranth (a. powellii s. watson), referred to here as the amaranth hybrid; indian mus ... | 2012 | 14674551 |
| germination of seeds and seedling growth of amaranthus retroflexus l. following sublethal exposure of parent plants to herbicides. | herbicides have long-term effects on the vegetative parts and reproduction of plants; however, the carry-over effects of herbicides on the f1 generation of invasive plants remain unclear. the objectives of this work were to investigate the germination and growth of the f1 generation of a. retroflexus, an invasion plant, treated by sublethal herbicides. the results demonstrated that atrazine or tribenuron-methyl had carry-over effects on the f1 generation of a. retroflexus. atrazine or tribenuron ... | 2017 | 28279017 |
| discovery of (2-benzoylethen-1-ol)-containing 1,2-benzothiazine derivatives as novel 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (hppd) inhibiting-based herbicide lead compounds. | a series of (2-benzoylethen-1-ol)-containing benzothiazine derivatives was synthesized, and their herbicidal activities were first evaluated. the bioassay results indicated that some of 3-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2h-1,2-benzothiazine-1,1-dioxide derivatives displayed good herbicidal activity in greenhouse testing, especially, compound 4w had good pre-emergent herbicidal activities against brassica campestris, amaranthus retroflexus and echinochloa crusgalli even at a dosage of 187.5 g ha(-1). ... | 2016 | 26682702 |
| phytotoxicity of umbelliferone and its analogs: structure-activity relationships and action mechanisms. | two coumarins, umbelliferone and daphnoretin, were isolated from roots of stellera chamaejasme l; the former had been identified as one of the main allelochemicals in our previous studies. both of them have the skeleton of 7-hydroxycoumarin, but showed different phytotoxic effects. umbelliferone and its analogs were then prepared to investigate the structure-activity relationship of hydroxycoumarins and screened for phytotoxicity. the inhibitory effects varied observably in response to the couma ... | 2015 | 26509496 |
| molecular basis of resistance to imazethapyr in redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.) populations from china. | three putative resistant amaranthus retroflexus l. populations were collected in heilongjiang province in china. whole plant bioassays indicated high resistance (ri > 10) to imazethapyr in the three populations. in vitro acetolactate synthase (als) assays revealed that als from populations h3, h17 and h39 was less sensitive to imazethapyr inhibition compared to the susceptible population h76. the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (i50) values for h3, h17 and h39 were 14.83, 15.27 and 268 tim ... | 2015 | 26453229 |
| phytotoxic potential and biological activity of three synthetic coumarin derivatives as new natural-like herbicides. | coumarin is a natural compound well known for its phytotoxic potential. in the search for new herbicidal compounds to manage weeds, three synthetic derivatives bearing the coumarin scaffold (1-3), synthesized by a carbonylative organometallic approach, were in vitro assayed on germination and root growth of two noxious weeds, amaranthus retroflexus and echinochloa crus-galli. moreover, the synthetic coumarins 1-3 were also in vitro assayed on seedlings growth of the model species arabidopsis tha ... | 2015 | 26426002 |
| interference between redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.): growth analysis. | redroot pigweed is one of the injurious agricultural weeds on a worldwide basis. understanding of its interference impact in crop field will provide useful information for weed control programs. the effects of redroot pigweed on cotton at densities of 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 plants m(-1) of row were evaluated in field experiments conducted in 2013 and 2014 at institute of cotton research, caas in china. redroot pigweed remained taller and thicker than cotton and heavily shaded cotton ... | 2015 | 26057386 |
| effects of sowing date on phenotypic plasticity of fitness-related traits in two annual weeds on the songnen plain of china. | phenotypic plasticity of fitness-related traits is vital for plant species to adapt to variable environments. chenopodium glaucum l. and amaranthus retroflexus l. are two common weed species globally. understanding the plasticity in life-history traits, especially in reproductive allocation, within and among these species is important for predicting their success and for managing them in different environments. | 2015 | 26023915 |
| elemental characterization of wild edible plants from countryside and urban areas. | thirteen elements (na, k, ca, mg, fe, mn, cu, zn, cr, co, cd, ni and pb) in 11 different wild edible plants (wep) (amaranthus retroflexus, foeniculum vulgare, cichorium intybus, glebionis coronaria, sonchus spp., borago officinalis, diplotaxis tenuifolia, sinapis arvensis, papaver rhoeas, plantago lagopus and portulaca oleracea) collected from countryside and urban areas of bari (italy) were determined. b.officinalis and p.rhoeas could represent good nutritional sources of mn and fe, respectivel ... | 2015 | 25660854 |
| can transgenerational plasticity contribute to the invasion success of annual plant species? | adaptive transgenerational plasticity (tgp), i.e., significantly higher fitness when maternal and offspring conditions match, might contribute to the population growth of non-native species in highly variable environments. however, comparative studies that directly test this hypothesis are lacking. therefore, we performed a reciprocal split-brood experiment to compare tgp in response to n and water availability in single populations of two invasive (amaranthus retroflexus, galinsoga parviflora) ... | 2014 | 24929349 |
| synthesis, crystal structure, herbicidal activities and 3d-qsar study of some novel 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine derivatives. | 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine derivatives represent a new series of compounds that possess good herbicidal activity against echinochloa crusgalli (l.) beauv., setaria faberii, digitaria sanguinalis (l.) scop., brassica juncea coss., amaranthus retroflexus l. and eclipta prostrata l. | 2015 | 24753294 |
| effectiveness of phytoremediation technologies to clean up of metalloids using three plant species in iran. | phytoremediation is a potential, innovative, and cost-effective technology for non-destructive remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soils. a field trial was conducted to evaluate the phytoremediation efficiencies of three plants and the effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta) or ammonium addition [(nh4)2so4 and nh4no3] for assisting removal of heavy metals (pb, hg, and cd) from contaminated soil. the tested plants include amaranthus retroflexus, sorghum bicolor, and lolium perrene. ... | 2014 | 24617109 |
| [effect of decimeter polarized electromagnetic radiation on germinating capacity of seeds]. | the effect of a polarization structure of electromagnetic radiation on the germinating capacity of seeds of such weeds as green foxtail (setaria viridis) and green amaranth (amaranthus retroflexus) has been studied. seeds have been exposed to impulse electromagnetic radiation in a frequency of 896 mhz with linear, elliptical right-handed and elliptical left-handed polarizations at different power flux density levels. it is determined that the effect of the right-handed polarized electromagnetic ... | 2014 | 24455890 |
| phytotoxical effect of lepidium draba l. extracts on the germination and growth of monocot (zea mays l.) and dicot (amaranthus retroflexus l.) seeds. | laboratory experiments were performed to determine phytotoxic potentials of white top (lepidium draba) methanol extracts (root, stem and leaf) on germination and early growth of corn (zea mays) and redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus). furthermore, the effects of different methanol extracts of l. draba on the phytohormone (indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), gibberellic acid (ga), abscisic acid (aba) and zeatin) levels of corn and redroot pigweed were investigated. it was observed that all concentra ... | 2015 | 23293131 |
| phytotoxic activity of foliar volatiles and essential oils of calamintha nepeta (l.) savi. | foliar volatiles and essential oils of calamintha nepeta (l.) savi, a mediterranean plant species belonging to the labiatae family, were investigated for their phytotoxic activities on seed germination and root growth of crops (lactuca sativa l. and raphanus sativus l.) and weed species (lolium perenne l. and amaranthus retroflexus l.). foliar volatiles of c. nepeta (l.) savi strongly inhibited both germination and root growth of lettuce, and its essential oils, especially at 125, 250 and 500 μl ... | 2013 | 23216166 |
| can soil seed banks serve as genetic memory? a study of three species with contrasting life history strategies. | we attempted to confirm that seed banks can be viewed as an important genetic reservoir by testing the hypothesis that standing (aboveground) plants represent a nonrandom sample of the seed bank. we sampled multilocus allozyme genotypes from three species with different life history strategies: amaranthus retroflexus, carduus acanthoides, pastinaca sativa. in four populations of each species we analysed the extent to which allele and genotype frequencies vary in consecutive life history stages i ... | 2012 | 23185340 |
| [herbicide activity of some micromycetes]. | screening of phytotoxic properties of 5 micromycete strains were made concerning cultivated plants and weeds. all of the strains show phytotoxic activity of different levels. in particular, the cultural filtrates of penicillium sp. 10-51 and aspergillus niveus 2411 suppressed the growth of seeds of galinsoga parviflora, amaranthus retroflexus and capsella bursa pastoris. the cultural filtrate of ulocladium consortiale 960 suppressed the growth of panicum capillare and setaria viridis. the greate ... | 2015 | 22830196 |
| interspecific hybridization transfers a previously unknown glyphosate resistance mechanism in amaranthus species. | a previously unknown glyphosate resistance mechanism, amplification of the 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene, was recently reported in amaranthus palmeri. this evolved mechanism could introgress to other weedy amaranthus species through interspecific hybridization, representing an avenue for acquisition of a novel adaptive trait. the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential for this glyphosate resistance trait to transfer via pollen from a. palmeri to five other weed ... | 2012 | 25568027 |
| [effects of exogenous lead on the growth and lead accumulation characteristics of roadside dominant herbaceous plants in shanxi province]. | a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different concentration (0, 500, 1000, 1500 mg x kg(-1)) lead (pb) on the growth and pb absorption and accumulation of 14 roadside dominant herbaceous plants in shanxi province. with increasing pb concentration in the pot, amaranthus retroflexus and sorghum bicolor x s. sudanese appeared obviously toxic symptoms, while the other 12 test plants had higher pb tolerance, with no significant decrease in their plant height and biomass, ... | 2011 | 22097358 |
| anticomplement activity of organic solvent extracts from korea local amarantaceae spp. | the study evaluated the anticomplement activity from various solvent extracts of nine amarantaceae plants (achyranthes japonica (miq.) nakai, amaranthus mangostanus l., amaranthus retroflexus l., amaranthus spinosus l., celosia argentea var. spicata., amaranthus lividus l., celosia cristata l., amaranthus viridis l., gomphrena globosa l.) from south korea on the classical pathway. we have evaluated various organic solvent extract from nine amarantaceae plants with regard to its anticomplement ac ... | 2012 | 21736535 |
| plant uptake of depleted uranium from manure-amended and citrate treated soil. | six plant species were tested for their ability to accumulate depleted uranium in their above-ground biomass from deployed munitions contaminated soil in new mexico. in greenhouse experiments, kochia (kochia scoparia l. schrad.) and pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l) were grown with steer manure added at rates of 22.4, 44.8, and 89.6 mg ha(-1). citric acid and glyphosate (n-(phosphonomethyl) glycine) applied at the end of the growing season increased du concentrations from 2.5 to 17 times. leaf ... | 2010 | 21166280 |
| immunochemical characterization of amaranthus retroflexus pollen extract: extensive cross-reactive allergenic components among the four species of amaranthaceae/chenopodiaceae. | the importance of amaranthus retroflexus pollen in causing respiratory allergy has been well ascertained in many countries including iran with a high positive rate (69%) among iranian allergic patients. the aim of the present study is to identify the allergenic properties of a. retroflexus pollen. sixteen patients with allergy to a. retroflexus pollen were selected for the study. the antigenic and allergenic profiles of the a. retroflexus pollen extract as well as pollen extracts from other spec ... | 2010 | 20683102 |
| syntheses and herbicidal activity of new triazolopyrimidine-2-sulfonamides as acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitor. | the triazolopyrimidine-2-sulfonanilide, discovered from preparing bioisosteres of the sulfonylurea herbicides, is an important class of acetohydroxyacid synthase (ahas, ec 4.1.3.18) inhibitors. at least over ten triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilides have been commercialized as herbicides for the control of broadleaf weeds and grass with cereal crop selectivity. herein, a series of triazolopyrimidine-2-sulfonanilides were designed and synthesized with the aim of discovery of new herbicides with highe ... | 2010 | 20598554 |
| synthesis, herbicidal activities and comparative molecular field analysis study of some novel triazolinone derivatives. | a series of novel triazolinones were synthesized and their structures were characterized by (1)h nmr, elemental analysis and single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. the herbicidal activities were evaluated against echinochloa crusgalli (l.) beauv., digitaria adscendens, brassica napus and amaranthus retroflexus. the herbicidal activity data indicated that the title compounds had higher activities with substituted benzyl group moieties than with other groups such as sulfonyl, alkyl, etc. to fu ... | 2009 | 19635060 |
| phytotoxicity evaluation of five pharmaceutical pollutants detected in surface water on germination and growth of cultivated and spontaneous plants. | the phytotoxicity of 5 pharmaceuticals detected in italian rivers, atorvastatin (7-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-5-propan-2-yl-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxy-heptanoic acid), gemfibrozil (5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethyl-pentanoic acid), tamoxifene (2-[4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenoxy]-n,n-dimethyl-ethanamine), ethinyl estradiol (17-ethynyl-13-methyl-7,8,9,11, 12,13,14,15,16,17-decahydro-6h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol) and sildenafil (methyl-9-propyl-2,4,7,8-tetrazabi ... | 2008 | 18205060 |
| pyrimidinyl-substituted amides and thioureas: syntheses, crystal structure and herbicidal activities. | the high herbicidal activities of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine and 2h-1,2,4-thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine derivatives suggested the development of new fused heterocyclic compounds for application as herbicides. | 2008 | 18080290 |
| inhibitory effects of monoterpenes on seed germination and seedling growth. | monoterpenes, the chemical constituents of essential oils found in plants, are known biologically active compounds. the present study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effects of 30 monoterpenes including monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes on seed germination and seedling growth of amaranthus retroflexus, chenopodium album and rumex crispus under laboratory conditions. the monoterpenes were applied at contents of 10 and 20 microl for liquid compounds and 10 and 20 mic ... | 2015 | 17542486 |
| allelopathic effects of medicago sativa l. and vicia cracca l. leaf and root extracts on weeds. | in this study, the allelopathic potential of different concentration (5, 25 and 50%) of m. sativa and v. cracca leaf and root extracts were evaluated on germination and radicle length of four weed species (amaranthus retroflexus l., lolium perenne l., ipomoea hederacea l. and portulaca oleracea l.) in laboratory condition. as a result, germination and radicle length of all species were reduced by the extract from m. sativa and v. cracca leaf and root at different percentage. increasing the water ... | 2007 | 19086510 |
| interference of redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.) in green bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.). | several species of amaranthus are known to reduce crop yields and interference with harvest throughout the iran. in the past few years, the occurrence of some amaranthus species including of redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.) increased throughout the east azerbaijan province in iran, supplanting all the other amaranthus species in large areas of the region and causing concern among farmers and researchers. green bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) is one of the tropical pulse crops, that c4 we ... | 2006 | 17390819 |
| water stress and nitrogen limitation effects on corn (zea mays l.) competition with a c3 and a c4 weed. | to examine how drought and nitrogen limitation might affect crop competitive ability with c3 or c4 weeds, a two year experiment was conducted at the research field of plant pest and disease research institute, karaj, in 2002 and 2003. irrigation interval (every 7d and 14d (moderate drought stress)), nitrogen rate (recommended and 1/4 recommended), and crop-weed competition (corn, corn-common lambsquarters (chenopodium album l.), corn-redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.), and corn-common l ... | 2006 | 17390817 |
| design and syntheses of novel phthalazin-1(2h)-one derivatives as acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors. | a series of 2-substituted-8-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy)-4-methylphthalazin-1-one derivatives, 7a-7w, were designed via an ortho-substituent cyclization strategy to discover a new herbicidal lead structure. these compounds were synthesized by a seven-step route using 3-hydroxy-acetophenone as a starting material. determination of the ki values against wild-type a. thaliana acetohydroxyacid synthase (ahas) (ec 4.1.3.18) indicated that some of the compounds displayed good enzyme inhibition act ... | 2006 | 17117801 |
| confirmation of potential herbicidal agents in hulls of rice, oryza sativa. | an ethyl acetate extract of oryza sativa (rice) hulls yielded seven compounds: hentriacontane, 1-tetratriacontanol, beta-sitosterol, momilactone a, momilactone b, tricin (a flavonoid), and beta-sitosterol-3-o-beta-d-glucoside. the structures of these compounds were elucidated with 500 mhz nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr), using 1d and 2d spectral methods, aided by electron ionization mass spectrometry (ei-ms), fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (fab-ms), infrared (ir), and ultraviolet (uv) ... | 2005 | 16222775 |
| amplified fragment length polymorphism-based genetic relationships among weedy amaranthus species. | weedy amaranthus species frequently cause economically significant reductions in crop yields. accurate identification of amaranthus species is important for efficient weed control, but amaranthus species can interbreed, which might cause difficulty when identifying hybrid-derived specimens. to determine which of several economically important weedy amaranthus species are most genetically similar, and thus most likely to produce viable hybrids, we performed amplified fragment length polymorphism ... | 2006 | 15829725 |
| atrazine resistance entails a limited xanthophyll cycle activity, a lower psii efficiency and an altered pattern of excess excitation dissipation. | atrazine-resistant (ar) weeds have a modified d1 protein structure, with a ser264-->gly mutation on the d1 protein, near the plastoquinone binding niche. the photosynthetic performance, the light response of the xanthophyll cycle and chlorophyll fluorescence quenching-related parameters were compared in attached leaves of susceptible (s) and ar biotypes of the c3 dicot chenopodium album l., epilobium adenocaulon hausskn., erigeron canadensis l., senecio vulgaris l. and solanum nigrum l. and the ... | 2003 | 12702013 |
| betalains, phenols and antioxidant capacity in cactus pear [opuntia ficus-indica (l.) mill.] fruits from apulia (south italy) genotypes. | betacyanin (betanin), total phenolics, vitamin c and antioxidant capacity (by trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (teac) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac) assays) were investigated in two differently colored cactus pear (opuntia ficus-indica (l.) mill.) genotypes, one with purple fruit and the other with orange fruit, from the salento area, in apulia (south italy). in order to quantitate betanin in cactus pear fruit extracts (which is difficult by hplc because of the presence of t ... | 2015 | 26783704 |
| synthesis and herbicidal activity evaluation of novel α-amino phosphonate derivatives containing a uracil moiety. | a series of novel α-amino phosphonate derivatives containing a uracil moiety 3a-3l were designed and synthesized by a lewis acid (magnesium perchlorate) catalyzed the kabachnik-fields reaction. the bioassays {in vitro, in vivo [glass house 1 (gh1) and glass house 2 (gh2)]} showed that most of compounds 3 exhibited excellent and selective herbicidal activities; for example, in gh1 test, compounds 3b, 3d, 3f, 3h and 3j showed excellent and wide spectrum herbicidal activities at the dose of 1000 g/ ... | 2016 | 26786699 |
| antifungal and herbicidal effects of fruit essential oils of four myrtus communis genotypes. | the chemical composition of the essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the fruits of four selected myrtus communis l. genotypes from turkey was characterized by gc-fid and gc/ms analyses. 1,8-cineole (29.20-31.40%), linalool (15.67-19.13%), α-terpineol (8.40-18.43%), α-pinene (6.04-20.71%), and geranyl acetate (3.98-7.54%) were found to be the major constituents of the fruit essential oils of all m. communis genotypes investigated. the oils were characterized by high amounts of oxygen ... | 2016 | 26765354 |
| determination of resistant biotypes of amaranthus retroflexus l. on triazines. | considering the fact that since 1966 in our country the mostly produced have been triazine herbicides on the bases of ametryn, simazine, atrazine and prometryn, we have studied resistance of amaranthus retroflexus from different sites in regard to the above mentioned herbicides. seed of weed species for which exist-possibility of resistance have been collected from different localities in vojvodina, such as backa palanka, backi maglic and becej. studies were performed during 1999 and 2000 by who ... | 2001 | 12425102 |
| on the mechanism of selectivity of the corn herbicide bas 662h: a combination of the novel auxin transport inhibitor diflufenzopyr and the auxin herbicide dicamba. | bas 662h, a 1:2.5 combination of the semicarbazone-type auxin transport inhibitor diflufenzopyr and the auxin herbicide dicamba, is used as a post-emergence herbicide in corn. the combination has been observed to provide more effective broadleaf weed control and improved tolerance in corn than typical rates of dicamba used alone. in order to analyze this phenomenon, the uptake, translocation, metabolism and action of both compounds, applied alone and in combination, were investigated in amaranth ... | 2002 | 12400439 |
| uptake of cesium-137 and strontium-90 from contaminated soil by three plant species; application to phytoremediation. | a field test was conducted to determine the ability of three plant species to extract 137cs and 90sr from contaminated soil. redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.), indian mustard [brassica juncea (l.) czern.], and tepary bean (phaseolus acutifolius a. gray) were planted in a series of spatially randomized cells in soil that was contaminated in the 1950s and 1960s. we examined the potential for phytoextraction of 90sr and 137cs by these three species. concentration ratios (cr) for 137cs for ... | 2006 | 12026094 |