| euonymus europaeus lectin as an endothelial and epithelial marker in canine tissues. | the euonymus europaeus agglutinin (eea) is an endothelial marker in mammalia. in canine tissues, 4 types of endothelial cells (general, nervous, arterial, hepatic) were identified by the presence of the eea receptor and by its sensitivity to neuraminidase enhancement. in adult dogs, eea binding saccharides had endothelial or epithelial distributions and reactivities similar to those described for human tissues. different eea reactivities were observed between fetal, neonatal and adult canine tis ... | 1992 | 1518277 |
| amphotericin b-induced carbohydrate changes on the trypanosoma cruzi surface membrane. | changes in the cell surface carbohydrates of trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes induced by amphotericin b (amb) were assessed by chemical methods and by agglutination assay employing a panel of highly purified lectins of various sugar specificities. escherichia coli k12 with mannose-sensitive fimbriae was also used as an agglutination probe. amphotericin b caused a decrease in the total carbohydrate content of all glycoconjugate fractions isolated. exposure to amb strongly affected the mannose/gala ... | 1992 | 1522543 |
| direct lysis of trypanosoma cruzi: a novel effector mechanism of protection mediated by human anti-gal antibodies. | anti-gal antibodies directed against a carbohydrate epitope present in mouse laminin (galactosyl alpha 1-3 galactose) and detected in high levels in sera from patients in the acute phase of chagas disease are responsible for the direct lysis (dl) of trypanosoma cruzi blood forms independent of either the classic or alternative complement pathways. furthermore, the lectins euonymus europaeus (ee) specific for the carbohydrates gal alpha 1-3 gal present a similar lytic activity against t. cruzi at ... | 1991 | 1717927 |
| characterization of galactose-containing glycoconjugates in the human retina: a lectin histochemical study. | seven specimens of morphologically normal formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human retina were studied using a panel of fourteen biotinylated lectins, all of which react with glycoconjugates containing galactose and n-acetylgalactosamine residues. agaricus bisporus (aba), bauhinia purpurea (bpa), phaseolus vulgaris (pha-e), peanut (pna) and ricinus communis (rca-i) agglutinins labeled photoreceptor cells prior to enzymatic predigestion. bpa and pna bound specifically to cones. the plexiform la ... | 1990 | 2091899 |
| lectin-induced damage to the enterocyte brush border. an electron-microscopic study in rabbits. | the ultrastructural effects of 11 lectins on the intestinal brush border were examined by means of an in vitro rabbit ileal mucosal explant culture system. five of the lectins that bind to oligosaccharides containing either n-acetylglucosamine (phytohaemagglutinin, euonymus europaeus lectin, pokeweed mitogen, and wheat germ agglutinin) or n-acetylneuraminic acid (mycoplasma gallisepticum lectin) all had a specific effect on microvilli. the effects varied in accordance with the lectin and include ... | 1988 | 3249912 |
| selective lectin reactions of two stocks of leishmania enriettii with differing pathogenicity. | five days old promastigote culture forms of two stocks of leishmania enriettii pathogenic and non-infective for cavia procellus, were tested with the lectins of canavalia ensiformis, ricinus communis-120, soja hispida (glycine maxima), arachis hypogaea, ulex europaeus, ulex europaeus i, ulex europaeus ii, laburnum alpinum, lotus tetragonolobus, euonymus europaeus and with a monoclonal antibody against blood group h. the pathogenic stock reacted with the anti-h lectin of lotus tetragonolobus and ... | 1987 | 3809146 |
| differentiation of trypanosoma cruzi chagas, 1909 and trypanosoma vespertilionis battaglia, 1904 by various lectins. | four-days-old culture forms of trypanosoma cruzi (strain téhuantépéc, guatemala) and trypanosoma vespertilionis (strain p-14, p-9) were tested by 19 carbohydrate-specific agglutinins. the t. cruzi strains are interspecifically distinguishable with the lectins from euonymus europaeus, tridacna crocea, tridacna maxima and the human blood-group testserum anti-b from the t. vespertilionis strains. while the t. vespertilionis strains did react with anti-b and e. europaeus, the t. cruzi strains did no ... | 1983 | 6349060 |
| effect of sequential glycolysis of the lectin of euonymus europaeus on activation of the classical complement pathway in normal human serum. | the lectin of euonymus europaeus at concentrations of 5-21 micrograms/ml causes activation of the classical complement (c) pathway (c1, c4, c2) when added to normal human serum at 37 degrees c. at higher concentrations, c3 is also consumed. the effect is dependent on a 'natural antibody' in serum of the igm class which reacts with an epitope of the lectin. with physicochemical methods, the carbohydrate of the lectin was shown to be involved in the activation of c, but not involved in the aggluti ... | 1982 | 7162523 |
| seed extracts inhibiting protein synthesis in vitro. | of 33 seed extracts examined, 12 inhibited protein synthesis in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate. this activity seems to be due to a protein, since (i) it was recovered with the (nh4)2so4 precipitate, (ii) it was retained by dialysis membranes, and (iii) in all cases but one was destroyed by boiling. only the extracts from the seeds of adenia digitata and, to a lower extent, of euonymus europaeus inhibited protein synthesis in intact cells. | 1980 | 7378060 |
| isolation and immunochemical characterization of the euonymus europaeus lectin receptor from the major sialoglycoprotein of human o erythrocytes. | | 1980 | 7379790 |
| lectin binding defines and differentiates m-cells in mouse small intestine and caecum. | m-cell surface glycoconjugate expression was investigated by applying a panel of lectins to whole fixed mouse peyer's and caecal patches. while the majority of lectins failed to identify mouse m-cells, the lectin euonymus europaeus differentially stained the surface of m-cells in both mouse peyer's and caecal patches, and the lectins ulex europaeus ii and bandeiraea simplicifolia i isolectin b4 identified m-cells in the peyer's and caecal patch follicle associated epithelium, respectively. these ... | 1995 | 8536073 |
| cell-surface carbohydrates of entamoeba invadens. | cell-surface carbohydrates of entamoeba invadens trophozoites were analyzed using (a) a panel of highly purified lectins specific for molecules containing n-acetylglucosamine or sialic acid, n-acetylgalactosamine, galactose, mannose-like residues, and fucose; (b) escherichia coli k-12 with mannose-sensitive fimbria; (c) enzymatic digestion; and (d) scanning electron microscopy. the presence of galactose (d-gal) and n-acetylgalactosamine (d-galnac) was detected in the amoeba. previous trypsinizat ... | 1997 | 9342747 |
| ulex europaeus 1 lectin targets microspheres to mouse peyer's patch m-cells in vivo. | the interaction of latex microspheres with mouse peyer's patch membranous m-cells was studied in a mouse gut loop model after the microspheres were coated with a variety of agents. carboxylated microspheres (diameter 0.5 micron) were covalently coated with lectins ulex europaeus 1, concanavalin a, euonymus europaeus and bandeiraea simplicifolia 1 isolectin-b4, human immunoglobulin a or bovine serum albumin. of the treatments examined, only ulex europaeus (uea1) resulted in significant selective ... | 1998 | 9491509 |
| lectin interactions with alpha-galactosylated xenoantigens. | alpha-galactosylated xenoantigens (galalpha1-3galbeta1-4glcnacbeta1 and galalpha1-3galbeta1-4glcnacbeta1-3galbeta1-4glc) are often detected with the alpha-gal specific lectin griffonia simplicifolia 1 isolectin b4 (gs1 b4). however, this lectin exhibits a broad and variable specificity for carbohydrates terminating in alpha-gal. thus, both false positive and false negative results may occur when gs1 b4 is used to determine natural antigens in xeno (pig-to-primate) transplantation research. to re ... | 2002 | 12060462 |
| five disulfide bridges stabilize a hevein-type antimicrobial peptide from the bark of spindle tree (euonymus europaeus l.). | a small 45 amino acid residue antifungal polypeptide was isolated from the bark of spindle tree (euonymus europaeus l.). though the primary structure of this so-called e. europaeus chitin-binding protein or ee-cbp is highly similar to the hevein domain, it distinguishes itself from most previously identified hevein-type antimicrobial peptides (amp) by the presence of two extra cysteine residues that form an extra disulfide bond. due to these five disulfide bonds ee-cbp is a remarkably stable pro ... | 2002 | 12387889 |
| ee-cbp, a hevein-type antimicrobial peptide from bark of the spindle tree (euonymus europaeus l.). | ee-cbp, a hevein-type antimicrobial peptide was isolated from the bark of the spindle tree (euonymus europaeus l.). this 4992.5 da protein exhibited a very strong antifungal activity against five different fytopathogenic fungi that were tested. concentrations required to inhibit the growth of botrytis cinerea in agar diffusion assays and microtiterplate assays were 5 micrograms/ml and 1 microgram/ml, respectively. comparative tests further indicated that ee-cbp is a more potent antifungal protei ... | 2002 | 12701440 |
| lectin-affinity chromatography for downstream processing of mdck cell culture derived human influenza a viruses. | the presented study aims on the development of a capture step for the purification of cell culture derived influenza viruses using lectin affinity chromatography. human influenza a/puerto rico/8/34 virus produced in madin darby canine kidney cells have been chosen as a model. the influenza a virus envelop possesses two viral glycoproteins: hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. oligosaccharides of theses glycoproteins can be targeted as affinity ligands using specific lectins. first, lectins have been ... | 2007 | 17011087 |
| olfactory receptors on the maxillary palps of small ermine moth larvae: evolutionary history of benzaldehyde sensitivity. | in lepidopterous larvae the maxillary palps contain a large portion of the sensory equipment of the insect. yet, knowledge about the sensitivity of these cells is limited. in this paper a morphological, behavioral, and electrophysiological investigation of the maxillary palps of yponomeuta cagnagellus (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae) is presented. in addition to thermoreceptors, co(2) receptors, and gustatory receptors, evidence is reported for the existence of two groups of receptor cells sensitive ... | 2007 | 17372741 |
| impact of adsorbents selection on capture efficiency of cell culture derived human influenza viruses. | the study aims on affinity matrix selection for a cell culture derived influenza virus capture step in downstream processing. euonymus europaeus lectin (eel) was used as an affinity ligand. human influenza a/puerto rico/8/34 (h1n1) virus produced in mdck cells was chosen as a model strain. the chromatographic separation characteristics of reinforced cellulose membranes and different matrices such as agarose, cellulose, polymer and glass particles with immobilized eel have been determined. result ... | 2007 | 17765993 |
| capture of cell culture-derived influenza virus by lectins: strain independent, but host cell dependent. | strategies to control influenza outbreaks are focused mainly on prophylactic vaccination. human influenza vaccines are trivalent blends of different virus subtypes. therefore and due to frequent antigenic drifts, strain independent manufacturing processes are required for vaccine production. this study verifies the strain independency of a capture method based on euonymus europaeus lectin-affinity chromatography (eel-ac) for downstream processing of influenza viruses under various culture condit ... | 2008 | 18840469 |
| survey of glycoantigens in cells from alpha1-3galactosyltransferase knockout pig using a lectin microarray. | glycoantigens represent major obstacles to successful xenotransplantation. even after the alpha1-3galactosyltransferase (galt) gene knockout (galt-ko) pigs were produced, non-gal antigens continue to be present. this study reports on lectin blot analyses for endothelial cells (ec) and fibroblasts from galt-ko pigs. | 2010 | 20149189 |
| molecular phylogeny of the small ermine moth genus yponomeuta (lepidoptera, yponomeutidae) in the palaearctic. | the small ermine moth genus yponomeuta (lepidoptera, yponomeutidae) contains 76 species that are specialist feeders on hosts from celastraceae, rosaceae, salicaceae, and several other plant families. the genus is a model for studies in the evolution of phytophagous insects and their host-plant associations. here, we reconstruct the phylogeny to provide a solid framework for these studies, and to obtain insight into the history of host-plant use and the biogeography of the genus. | 2010 | 20360968 |
| lectin microarray analysis of pluripotent and multipotent stem cells. | stem cells have a capability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple types of cells; specific markers are available to identify particular stem cells for developmental biology research. in this study, we aimed to define the status of somatic stem cells and the pluripotency of human embryonic stem (hes) and induced pluripotent stem (ips) cells using a novel molecular methodology, lectin microarray analysis. our lectin microarray analysis successfully categorized murine somatic stem cells in ... | 2010 | 21155951 |
| proteins with an euonymus lectin-like domain are ubiquitous in embryophyta. | cloning of the euonymus lectin led to the discovery of a novel domain that also occurs in some stress-induced plant proteins. the distribution and the diversity of proteins with an euonymus lectin (eul) domain were investigated using detailed analysis of sequences in publicly accessible genome and transcriptome databases. | 2009 | 19930663 |
| lectin-binding properties of aeromonas caviae strains. | the cell surface carbohydrates of four strains of aeromonas caviae were analyzed by agglutination and lectin-binding assays employing twenty highly purified lectins encompassing all sugar specificities. with the exception of l-fucose and sialic acid, the sugar residues were detected in a. caviae strains. a marked difference, however, in the pattern of cell surface carbohydrates in different a. caviae isolates was observed. specific receptors for tritricum vulgaris (wga), lycopersicon esculentum ... | 2008 | 24031204 |
| decision making by generalist and specialist aphids with the same genotype. | one idea to explain the high incidence of specialisation in phytophagous insects is that their nervous systems are simple and unable to efficiently recognise multiple host plants. here this 'neural limitations' hypothesis is tested using a generalist (the summer winged virginopara) and specialist (the autumn gynopara) morph of a single clone of the black bean aphid, aphis fabae, that are almost identical morphologically and have the same genotype. electrical monitoring of stylet behaviour and no ... | 2003 | 12837318 |
| the consequences of clustering by aphis fabae foundresses on spring migrant production. | aphis fabae (homoptera: aphididae) foundresses were shown to have a clustered distribution on leaves of their primary host, euonymus europaeus. two field experiments were carried out to determine the costs or benefits of this clustering behaviour to aphid clones. the first experiment, in spring 1996, excluded predators from colonies formed by single fundatrices or clusters of three. no density-dependent effects on colony growth were observed early in the season, but the total production of migra ... | 1999 | 28307412 |
| lectin activity of the nucleocytoplasmic eul protein from arabidopsis thaliana. | the euonymus lectin (eul) domain was recognized as the structural motif for a novel class of putative carbohydrate binding proteins. confocal microscopy demonstrated that the lectin from euonymus europaeus (eea) as well as the eul protein from arabidopsis thaliana (aratheuls3) are located in the nucleocytoplasmic compartment of the plant cell. aratheuls3 as well as its eul domain were successfully expressed in pichia pastoris and purified. the eul domain from arabidopsis interacts with glycan st ... | 2011 | 21945438 |
| occupational wood-dust sensitivity from euonymus europaeus (spindle tree) and investigation of cross reactivity between e.e. wood and artemisia vulgaris pollen (mugwort). | a 44-year-old goldsmith suffered from rhinitis and conjunctivitis after having worked with wood dust from euonymus europaeus (e.e.) for 15 years. the material was used for drying pieces of jewelry. very strong reactions could be seen after friction test, scratch test and nasal challenge using wood dust of e.e. rast-class 3 could be measured with the serum of this patient using e.e. wood and artemisia vulgaris (a.v. pollen) allergen disks. rast-inhibition, western-blot (wb) and immunoprint (ip) i ... | 1991 | 2058813 |
| [inhibition by cysteine of the carbohydrate-binding activity of lectins from ricinus communis, canavalia ensiformis and euonymus europaeus]. | precipitation induced by different lectins has been studied in the presence of some aminoacids. it was shown that precipitates formed by lectins from ricinus communis (rca1), canavalia ensiformis (con a), euonymus europaeus (eel) in the presence of appropriate carbohydrate-containing molecules disappeared after cysteine addition, like after addition of specific carbohydrate precipitation inhibitors. it is assumed that cysteine residues of rca1, con a and eel lectins are essential for their carbo ... | 1985 | 4052607 |
| velcro-like system used to fix a protective faecal shield on weevil larvae. | the last instar larva and pupa of eucoeliodes mirabilis (a. villa & g. b. villa, 1835) (curculionidae: ceutorhynchini) are described using drawings and sem images and are compared and keyed with already described larvae of 58 other ceutorhynchinae taxa. the larval body has an effective combination of morphological adaptations that assist a unique biological defensive strategy. all larval stages of e. mirabilis feed ectophytically on leaves of euonymus europaeus l. (celastraceae), and the larval ... | 2017 | 28125664 |
| comparison of the structure of floral nectaries in two euonymus l. species (celastraceae). | the inconspicuous euonymus l. flowers are equipped with open receptacular floral nectaries forming a quadrilateral green disc around the base of the superior ovary. the morphology and anatomy of the nectaries in euonymus fortunei (turcz.) hand.-mazz. and euonymus europaeus l. flowers were analysed under a bright-field light microscope as well as stereoscopic and scanning electron microscopes. photosynthetic nectaries devoid of the vascular tissue were found in both species. nectar was exuded thr ... | 2015 | 25391262 |
| the carbohydrate-binding promiscuity of euonymus europaeus lectin is predicted to involve a single binding site. | euonymus europaeus lectin (eel) is a carbohydrate-binding protein derived from the fruit of the european spindle tree. eel was first identified for its erythrocyte agglutinating properties and specificity for b and h blood groups. however, a detailed molecular picture of the structural basis of carbohydrate recognition by eel remains to be developed. in this study, we performed fluorescence titrations of a range of carbohydrates against eel. binding of eel to a wide range of carbohydrates was ob ... | 2015 | 25209582 |
| the "old" euonymus europaeus agglutinin represents a novel family of ubiquitous plant proteins. | molecular cloning of the "old" but still unclassified euonymus europaeus agglutinin (eea) demonstrated that the lectin is a homodimeric protein composed of 152 residue subunits. analysis of the deduced sequence indicated that eea is synthesized without a signal peptide and undergoes no posttranslational processing apart from the removal of a six-residue n-terminal peptide. glycan array screening confirmed the previously reported high reactivity of eea toward blood group b oligosaccharides but al ... | 2008 | 18451263 |
| synergistic antifungal activity of two chitin-binding proteins from spindle tree (euonymus europaeus l.). | two structurally different chitin-binding proteins were isolated from bark and leaves of the spindle tree (euonymus europaeus l.). both the small hevein-like chitin-binding protein (ee-cbp) and the classical class-i chitinase (ee-chitinase) possess antifungal properties, ee-cbp being far more potent than ee-chitinase. in addition, ee-cbp and ee-chitinase display a pronounced synergistic effect when added together in the test medium. determination of the biological activities indicates that the s ... | 2004 | 15048569 |
| biological activity of euonymus europaeus. | the n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts of the seeds of euonymus europaeus have been screened for antibacterial and free radical scavenging activity. general toxicity (brine shrimp lethality assay) of these extracts has also been assessed. | 2003 | 12727501 |
| studies on galalpha3-binding proteins: comparison of the glycosphingolipid binding specificities of marasmius oreades lectin and euonymus europaeus lectin. | the carbohydrate binding preferences of the galalpha3galbeta4 glcnac-binding lectins from marasmius oreades and euonymus europaeus were examined by binding to glycosphingolipids on thin-layer chromatograms and in microtiter wells. the m. oreades lectin bound to galalpha3-terminated glycosphingolipids with a preference for type 2 chains. the b6 type 2 glycosphingolipid (galalpha3[fucalpha2]galbeta4glcnacbeta3galbeta4glcbeta1cer) was preferred over the b5 glycosphingolipid (galalpha3galbeta4glcnac ... | 2003 | 12626398 |
| new sesquiterpenes from euonymus europaeus (celastraceae). | a new sesquiterpene evoninate alkaloid (1), and two sesquiterpenes (2, 3) with a dihydro-beta-agarofuran skeleton, along with three known sesquiterpenes (4-6), were isolated from the seeds of euonymus europaeus. their structures were elucidated by high resolution mass analysis, and one- and two-dimensional (1d and 2d) nmr spectroscopy, including homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation [correlation spectroscopy (cosy), rotating frame overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (roesy), heteronuclear si ... | 2002 | 11848209 |
| somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in a woody species: the european spindle tree (euonymus europaeus l.). | somatic embryogenesis and subsequent plant regeneration of euonymus europaeus l (european spindle tree) were obtained from square pieces of mature zygotic embryos with an intervening callus phase. callus and somatic embryos were induced using a murashige and skoog's semi-solid basal medium supplemented with several combinations of auxins and cytokinins. the greatest number of somatic embryos was obtained with a continuous exposure to 22.8 μm indoleacetic acid and 0.046 μm kinetin. the frequency ... | 1994 | 24193638 |
| distribution of carbohydrates recognized by the lectins euonymus europaeus and concanavalin a in monoxenic and heteroxenic trypanosomatids. | we observed a wide distribution of the carbohydrate epitopes galactosyl alpha(1-3)galactose (gal alpha1-3 gal), alpha-glucoside and alpha-mannoside in mono- and heteroxenic trypanosomatids by using fluorescein-labelled lectins of euonymus europaeus (ee) and concanavalin a (con a) as well as sera from acute chagasic patients who have very high levels of anti-gal alpha(1-3)gal antibodies. the direct fluorescence test for gal alpha1-3 gal with ee was positive at minimum concentrations of 6 microgra ... | 2013 | 1787421 |
| behavioral and electrophysiological responses of aphids to host and nonhost plant volatiles. | alate and apterous virginoparae ofaphis fabae scop, and alate virginoparae ofbrevicoryne brassicae (l.), walking in a linear track olfactometer, were attracted by odor from leaves of their host plants.a. fabae responded to odor from undamaged but not damaged bean leaves. gynoparae (autumn migrants) ofa. fabae, however, did not respond to their host plant (spindle,euonymus europaeus) odor. odors of certain nonhost plants masked the attractiveness of the host plant leaves, but tansy (tanacetum vul ... | 1991 | 24259180 |
| butenolides in small ermine moths,yponomeuta spp. (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae), and spindle-tree,euonymus europaeus (celastraceae). | a new butenolide, isosiphonodin [3-hydroxymethyl-2(5h)-furanone], along with a trace of siphonodin [4-hydroxymethyl-2(5h)-furanone], was isolated from fifth-instar larvae of the small ermine mothyponomeuta cagnagellus. leaves of its host plant spindle-tree,euonymus europaeus, were found to contain the same two butenolides with siphonodin being present as the major compound. tlc showed that isosiphonodin was also present in larvae or pupae of six other small ermine moths which did not feed on spi ... | 1988 | 24276196 |
| purification of the euonymus europaeus lectin by affinity chromatography on the desialized mn blood group glycoprotein, and lectin nh2-terminal analysis. | | 1981 | 7342591 |
| the identification of peptide alkaloids from euonymus europaeus l. (celastraceae). | | 1972 | 4144899 |
| [medicinal and poisonous plants. ix. euonymus europaeus]. | | 1962 | 14462501 |