| methylocella palustris gen. nov., sp. nov., a new methane-oxidizing acidophilic bacterium from peat bogs, representing a novel subtype of serine-pathway methanotrophs. | a new genus, methylocella, and a new species, methylocella palustris, are proposed for three strains of methane-oxidizing bacteria isolated from acidic sphagnum peat bogs. these bacteria are aerobic, gram-negative, colourless, non-motile, straight and curved rods that utilize the serine pathway for carbon assimilation, multiply by normal cell division and contain intracellular poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate granules (one at each pole). these strains use methane and methanol as sole sources of carbon ... | 2000 | 10843033 |
| characterization of methanotrophic bacteria on the basis of intact phospholipid profiles. | the intact phospholipid profiles (ipps) of seven species of methanotrophs from all three physiological groups, type i, ii and x, were determined using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. in these methanotrophs, two major classes of phospholipids were found, phosphatidylglycerol (pg) and phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) as well as its derivatives phosphatidylmethylethanolamine (pme) and phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine (pdme). specifically, the type i methanotrophs, meth ... | 2000 | 10913867 |
| family- and genus-level 16s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes for ecological studies of methanotrophic bacteria. | methanotrophic bacteria play a major role in the global carbon cycle, degrade xenobiotic pollutants, and have the potential for a variety of biotechnological applications. to facilitate ecological studies of these important organisms, we developed a suite of oligonucleotide probes for quantitative analysis of methanotroph-specific 16s rrna from environmental samples. two probes target methanotrophs in the family methylocystaceae (type ii methanotrophs) as a group. no oligonucleotide signatures t ... | 2001 | 11571178 |
| detection and enumeration of methanotrophs in acidic sphagnum peat by 16s rrna fluorescence in situ hybridization, including the use of newly developed oligonucleotide probes for methylocella palustris. | two 16s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes, mcell-1026 and mcell-181, were developed for specific detection of the acidophilic methanotroph methylocella palustris using fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). the fluorescence signal of probe mcell-181 was enhanced by its combined application with the oligonucleotide helper probe h158. mcell-1026 and mcell-181, as well as 16s rrna oligonucleotide probes with reported group specificity for either type i methanotrophs (probes m-84 and m-705) o ... | 2001 | 11571193 |
| methylocapsa acidiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel methane-oxidizing and dinitrogen-fixing acidophilic bacterium from sphagnum bog. | a novel genus and species, methylocapsa acidiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., are proposed for a methane-oxidizing bacterium isolated from an acidic sphagnum peat bog. this bacterium, designated strain b2t, represents aerobic, gram-negative, colourless, non-motile, curved coccoids that form conglomerates covered by an extracellular polysaccharide matrix. the cells use methane and methanol as sole sources of carbon and energy and utilize the serine pathway for carbon assimilation. strain b2t is a moder ... | 2002 | 11837310 |
| identification of active methylotroph populations in an acidic forest soil by stable-isotope probing. | stable-isotope probing (sip) is a culture-independent technique that enables the isolation of dna from micro-organisms that are actively involved in a specific metabolic process. in this study, sip was used to characterize the active methylotroph populations in forest soil (ph 3.5) microcosms that were exposed to (13)ch(3)oh or (13)ch(4). distinct (13)c-labelled dna ((13)c-dna) fractions were resolved from total community dna by cscl density-gradient centrifugation. analysis of 16s rdna sequence ... | 2002 | 12177327 |
| [methanotrophs of the psychrophilic microbial community of the russian arctic tundra]. | in tundra, at a low temperature, there exists a slowly developing methanotrophic community. methane-oxidizing bacteria are associated with plants growing at high humidity, such as sedge and sphagnum; no methonotrophs were found in polytrichous and aulacomnious mosses and lichens, typical of more arid areas. the methanotrophic bacterial community inhabits definite soil horizons, from moss dust to peat formed from it. potential ability of the methanotrophic community to oxidize methane at 5 degree ... | 2002 | 12244726 |
| [methanotrophic bacteria of acid sphagnum bogs]. | acid sphagnum bogs cover a considerable part of the territory of russia and are an important natural source of biogenic methane, which is formed in their anaerobic layers. a considerable portion of this methane is consumed in the aerobic part of the bog profile by acidophilic methanotrophic bacteria, which comprise the methane filter of sphagnum bogs and decrease ch4 emission to the atmosphere. for a long time, these bacteria escaped isolation, which became possible only after the elucidation of ... | 2002 | 12526194 |
| amplification of marine methanotrophic enrichment dna with 16s rdna pcr primers for type ii alpha proteobacteria methanotrophs. | type ii alpha proteobacteria methanotrophs are capable of a wide range of cometabolic transformations of chlorinated solvents and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), and this activity has been exploited in many terrestrial bioremediation systems. however, at present, all known obligately marine methanotrophic isolates are type i gamma proteobacteria which do not have this activity to the extent of type ii methanotrophs. in previous work in our laboratory, determining the presence of type ii ... | 2003 | 12940489 |
| methylocella silvestris sp. nov., a novel methanotroph isolated from an acidic forest cambisol. | two strains of gram-negative, aerobic, non-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped, methane-oxidizing bacteria were isolated from an acidic forest cambisol near marburg, germany, and were designated as strains bl2(t) and a1. these bacteria were morphologically and phenotypically similar to methylocella palustris k(t). the cells possess a highly specific bipolar appearance. they lack the intracytoplasmic membranes common to all methane-oxidizing bacteria except methylocella, but contain a vesicular mem ... | 2003 | 13130000 |
| methylocella tundrae sp. nov., a novel methanotrophic bacterium from acidic tundra peatlands. | a novel species, methylocella tundrae, is proposed for three methanotrophic strains (t4t, tch1 and ty1) isolated from acidic sphagnum tundra peatlands. these strains are aerobic, gram-negative, non-motile, dinitrogen-fixing rods that possess a soluble methane monooxygenase and utilize the serine pathway for carbon assimilation. strains t4t, tch1 and ty1 are moderately acidophilic organisms capable of growth between ph 4.2 and 7.5 (optimum 5.5-6.0) and between 5 and 30 degrees c (optimum 15 degre ... | 2004 | 14742473 |
| nifh and nifd phylogenies: an evolutionary basis for understanding nitrogen fixation capabilities of methanotrophic bacteria. | the ability to utilize dinitrogen as a nitrogen source is an important phenotypic trait in most currently known methanotrophic bacteria (mb). this trait is especially important for acidophilic mb, which inhabit acidic oligotrophic environments, highly depleted in available nitrogen compounds. phylogenetically, acidophilic mb are most closely related to heterotrophic dinitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus beijerinckia: to further explore the phylogenetic linkage between these metabolically diffe ... | 2004 | 15133093 |
| [the processes of methane formation and oxidation in the soils of the russian arctic tundra]. | methane emission from the following types of tundra soils was studied: coarse humic gleyey loamy cryo soil, peaty gley soil, and peaty gleyey midloamy cryo soil of the arctic tundra. all the soils studied were found to be potential sources of atmospheric methane. the highest values of methane emission were recorded in august at a soil temperature of 8-10 degrees c. flooded parcels were the sources of atmospheric methane throughout the observation period. the rates of methane production and oxida ... | 2005 | 15938404 |
| methylocella species are facultatively methanotrophic. | all aerobic methanotrophic bacteria described to date are unable to grow on substrates containing carbon-carbon bonds. here we demonstrate that members of the recently discovered genus methylocella are an exception to this. these bacteria are able to use as their sole energy source the one-carbon compounds methane and methanol, as well as the multicarbon compounds acetate, pyruvate, succinate, malate, and ethanol. to conclusively verify facultative growth, acetate and methane were used as model ... | 2005 | 15968078 |
| regulation of methane oxidation in the facultative methanotroph methylocella silvestris bl2. | the molecular regulation of methane oxidation in the first fully authenticated facultative methanotroph methylocella silvestris bl2 was assessed during growth on methane and acetate. problems of poor growth of methylocella spp. in small-scale batch culture were overcome by growth in fermentor culture. the genes encoding soluble methane monooxygenase were cloned and sequenced, which revealed that the structural genes for soluble methane monooxygenase, mmoxybzdc, were adjacent to two genes, mmor a ... | 2005 | 16238619 |
| aerobic methanotrophic bacteria of cold ecosystems. | this review summarizes the recent advances in understanding the ecophysiological role and structure-function features of methanotrophic bacteria living in various cold ecosystems. the occurrence of methanotrophs in a majority of psychrosphere sites was verified by direct measurement of their methane-utilizing activity, by electron microscopy and immunofluorescent observations, and analyses of specific signatures in cellular phospholipids and total dnas extracted from environmental samples. surpr ... | 2005 | 16329925 |
| [comparative characterization of cultured methane-oxidizing bacteria by serological and molecular methods]. | three stable methane-oxidizing enrichment cultures, sb26, sb31, and sb31a were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and by serological and molecular techniques. electron microscopy revealed the presence of both type i and type ii methanotrophs in sb31 and sb31a enrichments; only type ii methanotrophs were found in sb26 enrichment. methylosinus trichosporium was detected in all three enrichments by the application of species-specific antibodies. additionally, methylocystis echinoides was ... | 2006 | 16871808 |
| diversity and expression of nitrogenase genes (nifh) from ectomycorrhizas of corsican pine (pinus nigra). | the diversity of bacterial nitrogenase genes (nifh) and their mrna transcription in ectomycorrhizas of corsican pine (pinus nigra) were examined. dna and rna were extracted from surface-sterilized and non-sterilized corsican pine roots colonized by the ectomycorrhizal (ecm) fungi, suillus variegatus and tomentellopsis submollis. dna-derived nifh polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products were obtained from all samples, but only a few reverse transcription pcrs for nifh mrna were successful, sugges ... | 2006 | 17107563 |
| identity of active methanotrophs in landfill cover soil as revealed by dna-stable isotope probing. | a considerable amount of methane produced during decomposition of landfill waste can be oxidized in landfill cover soil by methane-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) thus reducing greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. the identity of active methanotrophs in roscommon landfill cover soil, a slightly acidic peat soil, was assessed by dna-stable isotope probing (sip). landfill cover soil slurries were incubated with (13)c-labelled methane and under either nutrient-rich nitrate mineral salt me ... | 2007 | 17714486 |
| identification of active methanotrophs in a landfill cover soil through detection of expression of 16s rrna and functional genes. | active methanotrophs in a landfill soil were revealed by detecting the 16s rrna of methanotrophs and the mrna transcripts of key genes involved in methane oxidation. new 16s rrna primers targeting type i and type ii methanotrophs were designed and optimized for analysis by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. direct extraction of rna from soil enabled the analysis of the expression of the functional genes: mmox, pmoa and mxaf, which encode subunits of soluble methane monooxygenase, particula ... | 2007 | 17922768 |
| diversity of the active methanotrophic community in acidic peatlands as assessed by mrna and sip-plfa analyses. | the active methanotroph community was investigated for the first time in heather (calluna)-covered moorlands and sphagnum/eriophorum-covered uk peatlands. direct extraction of mrna from these soils facilitated detection of expression of methane monooxygenase genes, which revealed that particulate methane monooxygenase and not soluble methane monooxygenase was probably responsible for ch(4) oxidation in situ, because only pmoa transcripts (encoding a subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase) ... | 2008 | 18093158 |
| revealing the uncultivated majority: combining dna stable-isotope probing, multiple displacement amplification and metagenomic analyses of uncultivated methylocystis in acidic peatlands. | peatlands represent an enormous carbon reservoir and have a potential impact on the global climate because of the active methanogenesis and methanotrophy in these soils. uncultivated methanotrophs from seven european peatlands were studied using a combination of molecular methods. screening for methanotroph diversity using a particulate methane monooxygenase-based diagnostic gene array revealed that methylocystis-related species were dominant in six of the seven peatlands studied. the abundance ... | 2008 | 18631364 |
| a comparison of labeling and label-free mass spectrometry-based proteomics approaches. | the proteome of the recently discovered bacterium methylocella silvestris has been characterized using three profiling and comparative proteomics approaches. the organism has been grown on two different substrates enabling variations in protein expression to be identified. the results obtained using the experimental approaches have been compared with respect to number of proteins identified, confidence in identification, sequence coverage and agreement of regulated proteins. the sample preparati ... | 2009 | 19435289 |
| diversity and activity of methanotrophs in alkaline soil from a chinese coal mine. | culture-independent molecular biological techniques, including 16s rrna gene and functional gene clone libraries and microarray analyses using pmoa (encoding a key subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase), were applied to investigate the methanotroph community structure in alkaline soil from a chinese coal mine. this environment contained a high diversity of methanotrophs, including the type ii methanotrophs methylosinus/methylocystis, type i methanotrophs related to methylobacter/methyloso ... | 2009 | 19515201 |
| methanol removal efficiency and bacterial diversity of an activated carbon biofilter. | motivated by the need to establish an economical and environmentally friendly methanol control technology for the pulp and paper industry, a bench-scale activated carbon biofiltration system was developed. this system was evaluated for its performance in removing methanol from an artificially contaminated air stream and characterized for its bacterial diversity over time, under varied methanol loading rates, and in different spatial regions of the filter. the biofilter system, composed of a nove ... | 2009 | 19665889 |
| differential detection of type ii methanotrophic bacteria in acidic peatlands using newly developed 16s rrna-targeted fluorescent oligonucleotide probes. | abstract based on an extensive 16s rrna sequence database for type ii methanotrophic bacteria, a set of 16s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes was developed for differential detection of specific phylogenetic groups of these bacteria by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (fish). this set of oligonucleotides included a genus-specific probe for methylocystis (mcyst-1432) and three species-specific probes for methylosinus sporium (msins-647), methylosinus trichosporium (msint-1268) and the recent ... | 2003 | 19719661 |
| methylocapsa aurea sp. nov., a facultative methanotroph possessing a particulate methane monooxygenase, and emended description of the genus methylocapsa. | an aerobic, methanotrophic bacterium, designated kyg(t), was isolated from a forest soil in germany. cells of strain kyg(t) were gram-negative, non-motile, slightly curved rods that multiplied by binary fission and produced yellow colonies. the cells contained intracellular granules of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate at each cell pole, a particulate methane monooxygenase (pmmo) and stacks of intracytoplasmic membranes (icms) packed in parallel along one side of the cell envelope. strain kyg(t) grew at ph ... | 2010 | 20061505 |
| {gamma}-glutamylmethylamide is an essential intermediate in the metabolism of methylamine by methylocella silvestris. | methylocella silvestris bl2, a facultative methane utilizer, can grow on monomethylamine (mma) as a sole carbon and nitrogen source. no activity of mma dehydrogenase was detectable. instead, this bacterium utilizes a methylated amino acid pathway (gamma-glutamylmethylamide [gma] and n-methylglutamate [nmg]) for mma metabolism. the activities of the two key enzymes in this pathway, gma synthetase and nmg dehydrogenase, were found when the bacterium was grown on mma. gma was detected by high-perfo ... | 2010 | 20472738 |
| complete genome sequence of the aerobic facultative methanotroph methylocella silvestris bl2. | methylocella silvestris bl2 is an aerobic methanotroph originally isolated from an acidic forest soil in germany. it is the first fully authenticated facultative methanotroph. it grows not only on methane and other one-carbon (c(1)) substrates, but also on some compounds containing carbon-carbon bonds, such as acetate, pyruvate, propane, and succinate. here we report the full genome sequence of this bacterium. | 2010 | 20472789 |
| complete genome sequence of beijerinckia indica subsp. indica. | beijerinckia indica subsp. indica is an aerobic, acidophilic, exopolysaccharide-producing, n(2)-fixing soil bacterium. it is a generalist chemoorganotroph that is phylogenetically closely related to facultative and obligate methanotrophs of the genera methylocella and methylocapsa. here we report the full genome sequence of this bacterium. | 2010 | 20601475 |
| molecular characterization and geological microenvironment of a microbial community inhabiting weathered receding shale cliffs. | shales play an important role in many earth system processes including coastal erosion, and they form the foundations of many engineering structures. the geobiology of the interior of pyrite-containing receding shale cliffs on the coast of northeast england was examined. the surface of the weathered shales was characterised by a thin layer of disordered authigenic iron oxyhydroxides and localised acicular, platy and aggregated gypsum, which was characterised by raman spectroscopy, xas and sem. t ... | 2011 | 20683587 |
| methyloferula stellata gen. nov., sp. nov., an acidophilic, obligately methanotrophic bacterium possessing only a soluble methane monooxygenase. | two strains of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria, ar4(t) and sop9, were isolated from acidic (ph 3.8-4.0) sphagnum peat bogs in russia. another phenotypically similar isolate, strain lay, was obtained from an acidic (ph 4.0) forest soil in germany. cells of these strains are gram-negative, non-pigmented, non-motile, thin rods that multiply by irregular cell division and form rosettes or amorphous cell conglomerates. similar to methylocella spp., strains ar4(t), sop9 and lay possess only a soluble ... | 2010 | 21097638 |
| environmental distribution and abundance of the facultative methanotroph methylocella. | methylocella spp. are facultative methanotrophs, which are able to grow not only on methane but also on multicarbon substrates such as acetate, pyruvate or malate. methylocella spp. were previously thought to be restricted to acidic soils such as peatlands, in which they may have a key role in methane oxidation. there is little information on the abundance and distribution of methylocella spp. in the environment. new primers were designed, and a real-time quantitative pcr method was developed an ... | 2010 | 21160537 |
| facultative and obligate methanotrophs how to identify and differentiate them. | aerobic methanotrophs are metabolically unique bacteria that are able to utilize methane and some other c1-compounds as sole sources of carbon and energy. a defining characteristic of these organisms is the use of methane monooxygenase (mmo) enzymes to catalyze the oxidation of methane to methanol. for a long time, all methanotrophs were considered to be obligately methylotrophic, that is, unable to grow on compounds containing c-c bonds. this notion has recently been revised. some members of th ... | 2011 | 21419913 |
| development of a system for genetic manipulation of the facultative methanotroph methylocella silvestris bl2. | an understanding of the metabolism and metabolic regulation of the facultative methanotroph methylocella silvestris bl2 is required to understand its role in methane oxidation in the environment, and methods for genetics manipulation are essential tools in these investigations. in addition, the ability to engineer the metabolic capabilities of m. silvestris may well have useful biotechnological applications. we describe a simple and effective method of genetic manipulation for this organism whic ... | 2011 | 21419918 |
| acetate represses methane oxidation by methylocella silvestris in a peat soil microcosm. | methylocella are facultative methanotrophs that grow on methane and multi-carbon substrates such as acetate. acetate represses transcription of methane monooxygenase of m. silvestris in laboratory culture. dna-sip using (13)c- methane and (12)c-acetate, carried out with methylocella-spiked peat soil, showed that acetate also repressed methane oxidation by methylocella in environmental samples. | 2011 | 21515721 |
| [analysis of phylogenetic criteria for estimation of the rank of taxa in methane-oxidizing bacteria]. | to determine a possibility of application of phylogenetic criteria for estimating the taxa rank, the intra- and interspecies, as well as intergeneric relatedness of methanotrophs on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequences was estimated. we used sequences of 16s rrna genes of the studied isolates of obligate methanotrophs which have been deposited in ucm (ukrainian collection of microorganisms), and of type strains of other obligate methanotrophs species (from genbank database). it is shown, that th ... | 2011 | 21598653 |
| facultative methanotrophy: false leads, true results, and suggestions for future research. | methanotrophs are a group of phylogenetically diverse microorganisms characterized by their ability to utilize methane as their sole source of carbon and energy. early studies suggested that growth on methane could be stimulated with the addition of some small organic acids, but initial efforts to find facultative methanotrophs, i.e., methanotrophs able to utilize compounds with carbon-carbon bonds as sole growth substrates were inconclusive. recently, however, facultative methanotrophs in the g ... | 2011 | 21599728 |
| active methanotrophs in two contrasting north american peatland ecosystems revealed using dna-sip. | the active methanotroph community was investigated in two contrasting north american peatlands, a nutrient-rich sedge fen and nutrient-poor sphagnum bog using in vitro incubations and (13)c-dna stable-isotope probing (sip) to measure methane (ch(4)) oxidation rates and label active microbes followed by fingerprinting and sequencing of bacterial and archaeal 16s rdna and methane monooxygenase (pmoa and mmox) genes. rates of ch(4) oxidation were slightly, but significantly, faster in the bog and m ... | 2011 | 21728037 |
| Bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase is trimethylamine monooxygenase. | Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) are one of the most important monooxygenase systems in Eukaryotes and have many important physiological functions. FMOs have also been found in bacteria; however, their physiological function is not known. Here, we report the identification and characterization of trimethylamine (TMA) monooxygenase, termed Tmm, from Methylocella silvestris, using a combination of proteomic, biochemical, and genetic approaches. This bacterial FMO contains the FMO sequence m ... | 2011 | 22006322 |