| in vitro antifungal susceptibility and molecular characterization of clinical isolates of fusarium verticillioides (f. moniliforme) and fusarium thapsinum. | a microdilution method was used to test 11 antifungal drugs against clinical isolates of fusarium thapsinum and three different phylogenetic clades of fusarium verticillioides that were characterized by sequencing a region of the beta-tubulin gene. terbinafine was the most-active drug against both species, followed by posaconazole against f. verticillioides. | 2008 | 18391027 |
| alteration in lignin biosynthesis restricts growth of fusarium spp. in brown midrib sorghum. | to improve sorghum for bioenergy and forage uses, brown midrib (bmr)6 and -12 near-isogenic genotypes were developed in different sorghum backgrounds. the bmr6 and bmr12 grain had significantly reduced colonization by members of the gibberella fujikuroi species complex compared with the wild type, as detected on two semiselective media. fusarium spp. were identified using sequence analysis of a portion of the translation elongation factor (tef) 1-alpha gene. the pathogens fusarium thapsinum, f. ... | 2010 | 20528185 |
| expression of pathogenesis-related protein pr-10 in sorghum floral tissues in response to inoculation with fusarium thapsinum and curvularia lunata. | differences in grain mould disease levels among different sorghum varieties grown in the same environment imply that host genes play a role in controlling disease severity. the fungi most often recovered from naturally infected sorghum grain, fusarium thapsinum and curvularia lunata, were used to inoculate a set of resistant and susceptible cultivars at anthesis in both field and glasshouse trials. in the field, 12 cultivars were inoculated with a mixture of f. thapsinum and c. lunata and, in th ... | 2010 | 20078779 |
| characterization and genetic variability of fusarium verticillioides strains isolated from corn and sorghum in brazil based on fumonisins production, microsatellites, mating type locus, and mating crosses. | fusarium verticillioides (gibberella fujikuroi mating population a) is a producer of fumonisins and one of the main contaminants of corn grains. in brazil, some studies analyzing strains isolated from corn have demonstrated high levels of fumonisins, whereas the levels for strains isolated from sorghum have been found to be low. in the present study, we investigated the genetic diversity of 22 f. verticillioides strains isolated from corn and 21 strains isolated from sorghum cultivated in the st ... | 2006 | 16917539 |
| role of chitinase and sormatin accumulation in the resistance of sorghum cultivars to grain mold. | experiments were conducted to determine the association between resistance to grain mold and the accumulations of chitinase and sormatin. eight sorghum lines were treated at 50% bloom with fusarium thapsinum, curvularia lunata, a mixture of the two fungi, and a water-sprayed control. at maturity, percent disease severity, seed germination rates, and kernel weight were recorded. chitinase and sormatin content (mg/g of dry weight) were measured in seed samples taken at 30 and 50 days after treatme ... | 2005 | 15998115 |
| species diversity of and toxin production by gibberella fujikuroi species complex strains isolated from native prairie grasses in kansas. | fusarium species from agricultural crops have been well studied with respect to toxin production and genetic diversity, while similar studies of communities from nonagricultural plants are much more limited. we examined 72 fusarium isolates from a native north american tallgrass prairie and found that gibberella intermedia (fusarium proliferatum), gibberella moniliformis (fusarium verticillioides), and gibberella konza (fusarium konzum) dominated. gibberella thapsina (fusarium thapsinum) and gib ... | 2004 | 15066820 |
| genome-wide association study on resistance to stalk rot diseases in grain sorghum. | stalk rots are important biotic constraints to sorghum production worldwide. several pathogens may be associated with the disease, but macrophomina phaseolina and fusarium thapsinum are recognized as the major causal organisms. the diseases become more aggressive when drought and high-temperature stress occur during grain filling. progress in genetic improvement efforts has been slow due to lack of effective phenotyping protocol and the strong environmental effect on disease incidence and severi ... | 2015 | 25882062 |
| differences in fusarium species in brown midrib sorghum and in air populations in production fields. | several fusarium species cause sorghum [sorghum bicolor (l.) moench] grain mold, resulting in deterioration and mycotoxin production in the field and during storage. fungal isolates from air (2005-2006), and from leaves and grain from wild-type and brown midrib (bmr)-6 and bmr12 plants (2002-2003), were collected from two locations. compared with wild-type, bmr plants have reduced lignin content, altered cell wall composition and different levels of phenolic intermediates. multilocus maximum lik ... | 2017 | 28686087 |
| effect of waxy (low amylose) on fungal infection of sorghum grain. | loss of function mutations in waxy, encoding granule bound starch synthase (gbss) that synthesizes amylose, results in starch granules containing mostly amylopectin. low amylose grain with altered starch properties has increased usability for feed, food, and grain-based ethanol. in sorghum, two classes of waxy (wx) alleles had been characterized for absence or presence of gbss: wx(a) (gbss(-)) and wx(b) (gbss(+), with reduced activity). field-grown grain of wild-type; waxy, gbss(-); and waxy, gb ... | 2015 | 25626075 |
| dna barcoding and isolation of vertically transmitted ascomycetes in sorghum from burkina faso: epicoccum sorghinum is dominant in seedlings and appears as a common root pathogen. | molecular identification of fungal taxa commonly transmitted through seeds of sorghum in western africa is lacking. in the present study, farm-saved seeds, collected from four villages in northern burkina faso, were surface sterilized and the distribution of fungal dna in seeds and seven-day-old seedlings was analyzed by 18s ribosomal dna (rdna) amplicon sequencing. more than 99% of the fungal rdna was found to originate from ascomycetes. the distribution of ascomycetes at species level was subs ... | 2016 | 27524652 |
| ergosterol concentration and variability in genotype-by-pathogen interaction for grain mold resistance in sorghum. | a lack of understanding of host-by-pathogen relations can hinder the success of breeding for resistance to a major disease. fungal strain pathogenicity has to be understood from the virulence it can cause on susceptible genotypes and host resistance indicates which genotypes have resistance genes. where the two worlds meet lies the place where researchers match the prevalent pathogen in the area of production with resistant varieties. this paper uses ergosterol concentration analysis as a measur ... | 2014 | 24817586 |
| isolation and characterization of the grain mold fungi cochliobolus and alternaria spp. from sorghum using semiselective media and dna sequence analyses. | mold diseases, caused by fungal complexes including alternaria, cochliobolus, and fusarium species, limit sorghum grain production. media were tested by plating fusarium thapsinum, alternaria sp., and curvularia lunata, individually and competitively. dichloran chloramphenicol rose bengal (drbc) and modified v8 juice (modv8) agars, found to be useful, were compared with commonly used agar media, dichloran chloramphenicol peptone (dcpa) and pentachloronitrobenzene (pcnb). radial growth, starting ... | 2012 | 23461515 |
| a molecular based strategy for rapid diagnosis of toxigenic fusarium species associated to cereal grains from argentina. | fusarium species are worldwide causal agents of ear rot in cereals. their toxigenic potential is a health risk for both humans and animals. in argentina, most identification of these fungi has been based on morphological and cross-fertility criteria which are time consuming and require considerable expertise in fusarium taxonomy and physiology. dna based approaches have been reported as rapid, sensitive and specific alternatives to identify the main fumonisin and trichothecene-producing fusarium ... | 2010 | 20965064 |
| [case report: a fusarium fungaemia]. | in this report, a case of fusarium fungaemia developed in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) patient was presented. a seven year old girl who had weakness, loss of appetite, paleness and ecchymosis on legs applied to pediatric hematology service and cytotoxic chemotherapy was started after she had been diagnosed as all-l1. her chemotherapy was stopped because of increase in fever, leukopenia and neutropenia. central venous catheter and peripheral blood cultures were obtained. fusarium thapsin ... | 2004 | 15490848 |
| identification and characterization of toxigenic fusaria associated with sorghum grain mold complex in india. | fusarium species are dominant within the sorghum grain mold complex. some species of fusarium involved in grain mold complex produce mycotoxins, such as fumonisins. an attempt was made to identify fusarium spp. associated with grain mold complex in major sorghum-growing areas in india through aflp-based grouping of the isolates and to further confirm the species by sequencing part of α-elongation factor gene and comparing the sequences with that available in the ncbi database. the dendrogram gen ... | 2011 | 20694855 |