| detection of infectious baboon cytomegalovirus after baboon-to-human liver xenotransplantation. | xenotransplantation is considered to be a solution for the human donor shortage. however, there is a potential risk of transmitting animal infections from the transplanted organ. the known transmissibility and clinical significance of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection after allotransplantation led us to evaluate whether baboon cytomegalovirus (bcmv) transmission could occur after a baboon-to-human liver xenotransplant. we examined serial blood samples from a baboon liver recipient and isola ... | 2001 | 11222707 |
| activation of cytomegalovirus in pig-to-primate organ xenotransplantation. | xenotransplantation of porcine organs carries the risk of reactivation of latent virus in donor and recipient tissues as well as transmission of viruses between species. we have investigated the activation of baboon cytomegalovirus (bcmv) and porcine cmv (pcmv) in a pig-to-primate model of xenotransplantation. tissues originating from a series of six swine-to-baboon composite thymokidney xenotransplants were investigated. four immunosuppressed baboons died (survival range, 7 to 27 days) with the ... | 2002 | 11967290 |
| reduced efficacy of ganciclovir against porcine and baboon cytomegalovirus in pig-to-baboon xenotransplantation. | in pig-to-baboon xenotransplantation, porcine cytomegalovirus (pcmv) causes viremia, consumptive coagulopathy, and tissue-invasive disease. baboon cytomegalovirus (bcmv) is associated with invasive disease in xenograft recipients. the efficacy of prophylaxis with intravenous ganciclovir (gcv) was studied for prevention of pcmv and bcmv infections in pig-to baboon xenotransplantation. gcv prophylaxis did not alter the incidence of bcmv activation in recipients, but reduced the amount of virus in ... | 2003 | 12919084 |
| cardiac xenotransplantation: progress toward the clinic. | animal organs could satisfy the demand for solid organ transplants, which currently exceeds the limited human donor supply. hyperacute rejection, the initial immune barrier to successful xenotransplantation, has been overcome with pig donors transgenic for human complement regulatory proteins. delayed xenograft rejection, thought to be mediated by anti-pig antibodies predominantly to gal antigens, is currently regarded as the major barrier to successful xenotransplantation. a median graft surviv ... | 2004 | 15591943 |
| comparative transmission of multiple herpesviruses and simian virus 40 in a baboon breeding colony. | little is known about the natural history of herpesviruses indigenous in baboons. here, we describe the development of elisas for five herpesviruses. these assays were used to test more than 950 serum samples collected from approximately 210 infant/juvenile and 130 adult baboons in a captive breeding colony over a period of seven years. results indicated that baboon cytomegalovirus, lymphocryptovirus, and rhadinovirus are transmitted efficiently within the colony and are acquired at an early age ... | 2004 | 15679269 |
| detection of baboon cytomegalovirus (bacmv) by pcr using primers directed against the glycoprotein b gene. | we have cloned and sequenced the glycoprotein b genes from five strains of bacmv, isolated from three subspecies of cynocephalus baboons (olive, yellow and chacma). primers were designed using conserved dna regions of the gb gene to allow dna amplification from all strains of bacmv. these regions differ sufficiently from human cmv that hcmv strains are not amplified, thus allowing differentiation of bacmv from hcmv. these diagnostic primers were used to test crude nucleic acid extracts from 27 s ... | 2005 | 15794980 |
| monitoring of porcine and baboon cytomegalovirus infection in xenotransplantation. | | 2009 | 20042053 |
| de novo generation of cd4 t cells against viruses present in the host during immune reconstitution. | t cells recognizing self-peptides are typically deleted in the thymus by negative selection. it is not known whether t cells against persistent viruses (eg, herpesviruses) are generated by the thymus (de novo) after the onset of the infection. peptides from such viruses might be considered by the thymus as self-peptides, and t cells specific for these peptides might be deleted (negatively selected). here we demonstrate in baboons infected with baboon cytomegalovirus and baboon lymphocryptovirus ... | 2005 | 15479725 |
| pcr identification and differentiation of baboon cytomegalovirus from other human and nonhuman primate cytomegalovirus. | background: differential identification of baboon alpha, beta, and gamma herpesviruses is an essential technology in order to monitor xenozoonotic transmission of baboon viruses to foreign species organ and/or cell recipients. we present polymerase chain reaction techniques that will differentiate known baboon cytomegaloviruses (cmv) from their closely related counterparts found in humans. methods and results: polymerase chain reaction techniques for identification of the known beta herpesviruse ... | 1996 | 10462570 |
| distinguishing baboon cytomegalovirus from human cytomegalovirus: importance for xenotransplantation. | the severe shortage of human organs for transplantation is the driving force behind xenotransplant research. nonhuman primates, particularly baboons, are potential sources of organs and tissues. human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is the most common donor-associated infection after allotransplantation. baboon cytomegalovirus (bcmv) is endemic in baboon populations and therefore is a potential cause of donor-associated disease after xenotransplantation. accordingly, the ability for bcmv to grow in human ... | 1997 | 9395357 |
| generation of a specific-pathogen-free baboon colony. | we undertook establishing an spf baboon colony in response to requests from researchers. to enable the widest possible future use of spf baboons, our aim was to develop an spf colony of baboons (papio hamadryas anubis) free of 12 target viruses: 5 herpesviruses, 4 retroviruses, simian virus 40, measles, and monkeypox. infant baboons were removed from their mothers within 24 h of birth and nursery-reared. groups of 3 to 8 age-matched conspecifics were isolated in separate rooms for 1 y while unde ... | 2010 | 21205446 |