| production of the fungal biocontrol agent ulocladium atrum by submerged fermentation: accumulation of endogenous reserves and shelf-life studies. | a method was developed for the induction of submerged conidiation of ulocladium atrum preuss (isolate 385) for the first time, using an oatmeal extract broth. two inoculum types were produced by this process: spores and mycelial fragments. spore production was stimulated by reducing the broth water potential (psi) to -2.1 mpa and adding 20 mm calcium chloride. in contrast, mycelial fragments were dominant at -7.0 mpa psi. maximum total inoculum (mycelial fragments and conidia) yields were approx ... | 2001 | 11549004 |
| ulocladium atrum keratitis. | we report a case of ulocladium atrum keratitis in a 43-year-old man. no predisposing event was known. he received natamycin and fluconazole drops and the infection resolved. the isolate was identified by morphological and rrna gene sequence analyses. u. atrum is a dematiaceous hyphomycete not hitherto reported to infect humans. | 2006 | 16517929 |
| [evaluation of micromycetes potential concerning synthesis of biologically active substances]. | screening of 41 cultures of some researched strains of micromycetes by their antibiotic and phytotoxic activities in relation to different test-organisms--gram-positive, gram-negative, phytopathogenic bacteria, yeasts and green algae was conducted. the wide spectrum of antibiotic action was characterized for the cultures of gliocladium catenulatum 2709, 3942 penicillium vulpinum 3957, ulocladium atrum 1889, u.consortiale 960, trithirachium album 2673. a fungistatic activity was shown by only two ... | 2010 | 20455437 |
| novel aliphatic epoxide hydrolase activities from dematiaceous fungi. | epoxide hydrolases were found to be constitutively expressed in dematiaceous fungi coincident with secondary metabolite pigment production in stationary or idiophase. washed-cell preparations of two fungi, ulocladium atrum cmc 3280 and zopfiella karachiensis cmc 3284, exhibited affinity for 2,2-dialkylated oxiranes, for which contrasting enantioselectivities were observed, but not for aromatic styrene oxide or alicyclic cyclohexene oxide type substrates. lyophilised preparations of soluble epoxi ... | 1996 | 8768529 |
| microculture model studies on the effect of sorbic acid on penicillium chrysogenum, cladosporium cladosporioides and ulocladium atrum at different ph levels. | the minimum growth-inhibitory concentration of sorbic acid has been determined for penicillium chrysogenum, cladosporium cladosporioides and ulocladium atrum at ph 4.1-7.6 by using a microculture technique. this technique had earlier been applied to bacteria and candida albicans and gave very reliable minimum inhibitory values. this investigation has shown that it is suitable also for determination of mould growth. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of sorbic acid were at the tested ph levels ... | 1993 | 8444649 |
| mycoflora of air-conditioners dust from riyadh, saudi arabia. | using the hair baiting technique, 6 genera and 14 species were collected on sabouraud's dextrose agar from 37 dust samples from air-conditioners. the most common fungi were chrysosporium tropicum, c. indicum, c. keratinophilum, aspergillus flavus followed by acremonium strictum and scopulariopsis brevicaulis. using the dilution-plate method, 26 genera and 52 species were collected from 37 dust samples on glucose-(23 genera and 45 species) and cellulose-(18 genera and 34 species) czapek's agar at ... | 1988 | 3236219 |
| keratinophilic fungi and other moulds associated with air-dust particles from egypt. | one-hundred and eleven species and three species varieties belonging to 39 genera were collected from 50 dust samples on the five media used at 28 degrees c. using the hair-baiting technique with horse hair, 10 species of chrysosporium were isolated: c. asperatum, c. state of arthroderma tuberculatum, c. indicum, c. inops, c. keratinophilum, c. merdarium, c. pannorum, c. queenslandicum, c. tropicum and c. xerophilum. true dermatophytes were isolated: trichophyton verrucosum and trichophyton sp. ... | 1990 | 1702081 |
| in vitro degradation of the moss hylocomium splendens by three pleosporalean fungi. | three darkly pigmented species of conidial fungi of the family pleosporaceae isolated from plants colonizing the saskatchewan glacier forefield were examined for potential roles in the degradation of moss gametophytes. curvularia inaequalis and ulocladium atrum isolated from bryophytes ditrichum flexicaule and tortella tortuosa , respectively, and chalastospora gossypii from saxifraga oppositifolia were inoculated onto autoclaved gametophytes of the moss hylocomium splendens. all three species o ... | 2011 | 21539496 |
| biocontrol agents efficiently inhibit sporulation of botrytis aclada on necrotic leaf tips but spread to adjacent living tissue is not prevented. | ulocladium atrum (isolates 385 and 302) consistently inhibited botrytis aclada sporulation on dead onion leaf pieces under constant moist conditions and with an interrupted wetness period of 9 h. clonostachys rosea (isolate 201) was as effective as u. atrum under constant moist conditions, but was ineffective if exposed to a drying period. no sporulation of b. aclada was observed 8 and 12 days after inoculation in the presence of u. atrum 302. c. rosea 201 significantly reduced b. aclada sporula ... | 2004 | 19712318 |
| potential for nematode control by mycofloras endemic in the tropics. | results of mycological surveys of root-knot and cyst nematodes from tropical regions indicate that most fungal species associated with females or cysts of species of globodera, heterodera, and meloidogyne are those found with nematodes from temperate areas. some fungal species, however, were found in higher frequency in tropical regions than in temperate countries; e.g., cylindrocarpon destructans and ulocladium atrum were the most common species associated with g. pallida and g. rostochiensis c ... | 1988 | 19290202 |
| interaction of four antagonistic fungi with botrytis aclada in dead onion leaves: a comparative microscopic and ultrastructural study. | abstract the colonization of dead onion leaves by botrytis aclada and the fungal antagonists aureobasidium pullulans, chaetomium globosum, glio-cladium catenulatum, and ulocladium atrum and the interactions between b. aclada and each of the four antagonists were studied at the microscopic and ultrastructural level. this approach was used in an attempt to understand the colonization pattern of these fungi and the nature of the biocontrol activity of the antagonists that have shown a potential to ... | 1997 | 18945082 |
| biological control of botrytis cinerea in cyclamen with ulocladium atrum and gliocladium roseum under commercial growing conditions. | abstract the effect of treatments with conidial suspensions of ulocladium atrum and gliocladium roseum on leaf rot of cyclamen caused by botrytis cinerea was investigated under commercial greenhouse conditions. spraying u. atrum (1 x 10(6) conidia per ml) or g. roseum (2 x 10(6) conidia per ml and 1 x 10(7) conidia per ml) at intervals of 2 to 3 weeks during the production period and spraying u. atrum (1 x 10(6) conidia per ml) at intervals of 4 to 6 weeks resulted in a significant reduction of ... | 1998 | 18944911 |
| quantification of mycelium of botrytis spp. and the antagonist ulocladium atrum in necrotic leaf tissue of cyclamen and lily by fluorescence microscopy and image analysis. | abstract a technique was developed to localize and quantify the internal mycelial colonization of necrotic leaf tissue of cyclamen (cyclamen persicum) or lily (lilium) by pathogenic botrytis spp. and the antagonist ulocladium atrum. this technique allows investigation of competitive substrate colonization by both fungi, which is a key process for biological control of botrytis spp. by u. atrum. a combination of differential fluorescent labeling and image analysis was applied on cryostat sections ... | 1999 | 18944729 |
| effect of water potential on conidial germination and antagonism of ulocladium atrum against botrytis cinerea. | abstract the saprophytic fungus ulocladium atrum was selected for its ability to competitively exclude botrytis spp. from aboveground necrotic plant tissues which can play a crucial role in the epidemiology of diseases caused by necrotrophic botrytis spp. fungal growth in necrotic aboveground tissues can be hampered by fluctuating water availability. adaptation to these adverse conditions is a key factor for the successful establishment of an antagonist population in this niche. conidia of u. at ... | 2001 | 18943593 |
| possible role of colonization and cell wall-degrading enzymes in the differential ability of three ulocladium atrum strains to control botrytis cinerea on necrotic strawberry leaves. | abstract ulocladium atrum (strain 385) consistently reduced botrytis cinerea sporulation on necrotic fragments of strawberry leaves. on these tissues, two strains of u. atrum (isolates 18558 and 18559) showed lower antagonistic activities than the reference strain 385. colonization of strawberry leaflets by the three u. atrum strains appeared similar in the absence of b. cinerea, whether quantified by chitin or immunological assays. the second method (based on anti-u. atrum antibodies) revealed ... | 2001 | 18943437 |
| metabolite production by different ulocladium species. | ulocladium, which is phylogenetically related to alternaria, contains species that are food spoilers and plant pathogens, but also species that have potential as enzyme producers and bio-control agents. ulocladium spp. are often found on dead vegetation, in soil, air and dust, but also on food and feedstuffs and on water-damaged building materials. the aim was to study the morphological and chemical diversity within the genus ulocladium. cultures of 52 ulocladium strains were identified morpholo ... | 2008 | 18599140 |
| remarkable microfungi from oaxaca (mexico) of acacia species. | in the state of oaxaca (mexico, 10 km north-west of puerto escondido 15 degrees 55' n, 97 degrees 09' w) we were able to collect some microfungi living as parasites or saprophytes on acacia species, some of them are causing attention for oaxaca. many belong to the deuteromycotina (hyphomycetes, coelomycetes) and ascomycotina. on a. hindsii: calonectria pseudopeziza (desm.) sacc., hypoxylon truncatum (schwein. fr.) j.h. miller, epicoccum nigrum link., zygosporium gibbum (sacc., m. roussau & e. bo ... | 2007 | 18396821 |
| antifungal cyclopeptolide from fungal saprophytic antagonist ulocladium atrum. | the saprophytic fungus ulocladium atrum preuss is a promising biological control agent for botrytis cinerea in greenhouse- and field-grown crops. however, despite its known potent antifungal activity, no antifungal substance has yet been reported. in an effort to characterize the antifungal substance from u atrum, we isolated an antibiotic peptide. based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, its structure was established as a cyclopeptolide with a high portion of n-methylated amino acids, and its ... | 2007 | 18051337 |
| biological control of grey mould (botrytis cinerea) with the antagonist ulocladium atrum. | the competitive saprophytic fungus ulocladium atrum was selected on the basis of its antagonistic potential for the control of grey mould caused by the necrotrophic pathogen botrytis cinerea. field trials were carried out to asses the efficacy of u. atrum as a biocontrol agent against b. cinerea in grapevine. the results demonstrated that under moderate disease pressure u. atrum had the potential to control grey mould, whereas under high disease pressure the efficacy was not sufficient to substi ... | 2002 | 12701443 |
| modeling spatial characteristics in the biological control of fungi at leaf scale: competitive substrate colonization by botrytis cinerea and the saprophytic antagonist ulocladium atrum. | abstract a spatially explicit model describing saprophytic colonization of dead cyclamen leaf tissue by the plant-pathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea and the saprophytic fungal antagonist ulocladium atrum was constructed. both fungi explore the leaf and utilize the resources it provides. leaf tissue is represented by a two-dimensional grid of square grid cells. fungal competition within grid cells is modeled using lotka-volterra equations. spatial expansion into neighboring grid cells is assumed ... | 2005 | 18943048 |