| a case of tularemia meningitis in sweden. | tularemia meningitis occurred in a previously healthy 64-year-old man from northern sweden. the patient was immunocompetent and recovered without sequelae. the bacterial isolate conformed by most criteria with the euro-asian biovar francisella tularensis var. palaearctica. tularemia meningitis may mimic meningitis caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 1990 | 2320968 |
| histopathology of human lymph node tularemia caused by francisella tularensis var palaearctica. | histopathology of tularemia, caused by type-b strain, tuberculosis, and sarcoidosis were compared in lymph node biopsy specimens from ten patients with tularemia, 26 with tuberculosis, and 14 with sarcoidosis. in very early tularemia there were only reactive changes without necrosis. abscess necrosis with or without epithelioid cell reaction was observed during the second week and caseous necrosis during the fourth week. argyrophil fibers were absent from necrotic lesions in tularemia, but, ofte ... | 1986 | 3753568 |
| detection of francisella tularensis in biological specimens using a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, an immunochromatographic handheld assay, and a pcr. | the early detection of francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is important for adequate treatment by antibiotics and the outcome of the disease. here we describe a new capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) based on monoclonal antibodies specific for lipopolysaccharide (lps) of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica and francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis. no cross-reactivity with francisella tularensis subsp. novicida, francisella philomiragia, and a panel ... | 2000 | 10618283 |
| mapping of immunoreactive antigens of francisella tularensis live vaccine strain. | francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica is the common causal agent of tularemia in europe. besides clinical signs, the diagnosis of the disease mostly depends on serological tests. to date, there is a lack of information about the f. tularensis antigens that induce antibody response. therefore, we have started comprehensive mapping of immunoreactive antigens using the attenuated live vaccine strain of f. tularensis lvs originating from the european virulent strain. for this purpose, the immunor ... | 2002 | 12124931 |
| genotyping of francisella tularensis strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting, and 16s rrna gene sequencing. | we evaluated three molecular methods for identification of francisella strains: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis, and 16s rrna gene sequencing. the analysis was performed with 54 francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, 5 f. tularensis subsp. tularensis, 2 f. tularensis subsp. novicida, and 1 f. philomiragia strains. on the basis of the combination of results obtained by pfge with the restriction enzymes xhoi and bamhi, pfge reveale ... | 2002 | 12149360 |
| in vitro susceptibility of field isolates of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica recovered in spain to several antimicrobial agents. | forty-two recent (1997-1999) spanish isolates of francisella tularensis subsp.holarctica were tested in a broth microdilution method for their susceptibilities to 29 antimicrobial agents, including penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamicins, monobactams, penems, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones, chloramphenicol and fosfomycin. the isolates were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and susceptible to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and norfloxacin. | 2004 | 15046952 |
| novel modification of lipid a of francisella tularensis. | we have investigated the lipid a of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain 1547-57, a type b strain, by using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, nanoelectrospray quadrupole ion-trap mass spectrometry, and chemical methods. in accordance with the previously published structures of the lipid a from f. tularensis live vaccine strain (lvs) (atcc 29684) (e. vinogradov et al., eur. j. biochem. 269:6112-6118, 2002), all of the major lipid a forms from ... | 2004 | 15322031 |
| comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, microagglutination, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and flow cytometry for serological diagnosis of tularemia. | the serodiagnostic efficiencies of five different approaches to detecting antibodies (immunoglobulins g, a, and m) developed in clinically proven infections with francisella tularensis have been assessed. fifty serum samples from patients suffering from tularemia during an outbreak in sweden were compared with samples from 50 healthy blood donors (controls) by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), microagglutination (ma), western blotting (wb), an indirect immunofluorescence assay ... | 2004 | 15539498 |
| francisella tularensis peritonitis in stomach cancer patient. | tularemia with peritonitis developed in a 50-year-old man soon after diagnosis of stomach cancer with metastasis. the ascites grew francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, which was identified by sequencing analysis of the 16s rdna. the infection resolved with antimicrobial treatment. antibodies detected 4 weeks after onset disappeared after chemotherapy-associated lymphopenia. | 2004 | 15663872 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of austrian francisella tularensis holarctica biovar ii strains. | the antibiotic susceptibilities of 50 francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar ii strains isolated from hares and human patients from the eastern part of austria were examined. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of 24 antimicrobial agents were determined using eteststrade mark on cysteine heart agar plates supplemented with 10% sheep blood. all isolates were sensitive to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, quinolones, chloramphenicol and rifampicin. resistance was observed in all isolat ... | 2005 | 16143497 |
| tularemia in denmark: identification of a francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain by real-time pcr and high-resolution typing by multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis. | we report ulceroglandular tularemia affecting an 8-year-old boy and the first recovery of francisella tularensis in denmark. a novel real-time pcr assay was used to identify the strain as f. tularensis subsp. holarctica (type b). multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis demonstrated a close genetic relationship to strains from norway. | 2005 | 16208017 |
| [vntr-genotyping of francisella tularensis strains isolated in the former ussr territory and some european countries during epizootics in 1988 - 1989]. | retrospective vntr-analysis of 159 francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains isolated in december 1988 - february 1989 in former ussr and some european countries was carried out. analysis of heterogenic genotypes of strains allow to subdivide them into 30 groups of variants by individual genotypes, while cluster analysis--to subdivide them in 7 clusters with different number of compositions. the predominance of genotype c1 strains isolated on the rostov and archangelsk regions and the cri ... | 2006 | 16830584 |
| paired-end sequence mapping detects extensive genomic rearrangement and translocation during divergence of francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis and francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica populations. | comparative genome hybridization of the francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis and f. tularensis subsp. holarctica populations have shown that genome content is highly conserved, with relatively few genes in the f. tularensis subsp. tularensis genome being absent in other f. tularensis subspecies. to determine if organization of the genome differs between global populations of f. tularensis subsp. tularensis and f. tularensis subsp. holarctica, we have used paired-end sequence mapping (pesm) t ... | 2006 | 16885459 |
| potential source of francisella tularensis live vaccine strain attenuation determined by genome comparison. | francisella tularensis is a bacterial pathogen that causes the zoonotic disease tularemia and is important to biodefense. currently, the only vaccine known to confer protection against tularemia is a specific live vaccine strain (designated lvs) derived from a virulent isolate of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica. the origin and source of attenuation of this strain are not known. to assist with the design of a defined live vaccine strain, we sought to determine the genetic basis of the at ... | 2006 | 17000723 |
| the immunologically distinct o antigens from francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis and francisella novicida are both virulence determinants and protective antigens. | we have determined the sequence of the gene cluster encoding the o antigen in francisella novicida and compared it to the previously reported o-antigen cluster in francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis. immunization with purified lipopolysaccharide (lps) from f. tularensis subsp. tularensis or f. novicida protected against challenge with francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica and f. novicida, respectively. the lps from f. tularensis subsp. tularensis did not confer protection against challen ... | 2007 | 17074846 |
| coactivating signals for the hepatic lymphocyte gamma interferon response to francisella tularensis. | the facultative intracellular bacterium francisella tularensis is capable of causing systemic infections in various hosts, including mice and humans. the liver is a major secondary site of f. tularensis infection, but hepatic immune responses to the pathogen remain poorly defined. immune protection against the pathogen is thought to depend on the cytokine gamma interferon (ifn-gamma), but the cellular basis for this response has not been characterized. here we report that natural killer cells fr ... | 2007 | 17178781 |
| tularemia in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) during a population irruption in saskatchewan, canada. | type b tularemia caused by francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica was diagnosed in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) found dead at four sites in west-central saskatchewan during april and may 2005. the occurrence of tularemia coincided with a decline in the number of deer mice in part of a large area (>22000 km(2) ) in which deer mice had been extremely abundant during the autumn of 2004 and spring of 2005, and in which mice caused damage to crops in the autumn of 2004. this is apparently the ... | 2007 | 17347390 |
| detection of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in a european brown hare (lepus europaeus) in thuringia, germany. | the isolation of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar ii (strain 06t0001) from a european brown hare (lepus europaeus) from thuringia, germany, is described for the first time. identification of the microorganism was carried out by phenotypic characterisation, partial sequencing of the 16s rrna gene and specific pcr using the primers tul4-435/tul4-863 and ftc1/ftc4. the epidemiology of tularemia in germany is discussed and a risk assessment for humans is made. | 2007 | 17482385 |
| genomic deletion marking an emerging subclone of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in france and the iberian peninsula. | francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica is widely disseminated in north america and the boreal and temperate regions of the eurasian continent. comparative genomic analyses identified a 1.59-kb genomic deletion specific to f. tularensis subsp. holarctica isolates from spain and france. phylogenetic analysis of strains carrying this deletion by multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis showed that the strains comprise a highly related set of genotypes, implying that these strains wer ... | 2007 | 17890329 |
| susceptibility of 71 french isolates of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica to eight antibiotics and accuracy of the etest method. | | 2008 | 18397924 |
| re-assembly of the genome of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica osu18. | francisella tularensis is a highly infectious human intracellular pathogen that is the causative agent of tularemia. it occurs in several major subtypes, including the live vaccine strain holarctica (type b). f. tularensis is classified as category a biodefense agent in part because a relatively small number of organisms can cause severe illness. three complete genomes of subspecies holarctica have been sequenced and deposited in public archives, of which osu18 was the first and the only strain ... | 2008 | 18927608 |
| characterization and genotyping of strains of francisella tularensis isolated in bulgaria. | a tularaemia focus was detected in 1998 in bulgaria, in an area where tularaemia had never been reported. the properties of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains isolated from 1998 to 2005 were studied. the strains showed heterogeneity, based on acid production from glycerol and erythromycin susceptibility. genotyping by analysis of seven loci containing variable-number tandem repeats showed four genotypes among eight strains. | 2009 | 19074656 |
| phylogeography of francisella tularensis: global expansion of a highly fit clone. | francisella tularensis contains several highly pathogenic subspecies, including francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, whose distribution is circumpolar in the northern hemisphere. the phylogeography of these subspecies and their subclades was examined using whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analysis, high-density microarray snp genotyping, and real-time-pcr-based canonical snp (cansnp) assays. almost 30,000 snps were identified among 13 whole genomes for phylogenetic analysis ... | 2009 | 19251856 |
| generalized tularemia in a vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops) and a patas monkey (erythrocebus patas) in a zoo. | generalized tularemia was diagnosed in a vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops) and a patas monkey (erythrocebus patas), both of which died suddenly in the szeged zoo, szeged, hungary. macroscopic lesions in each animal included disseminated, grayish-white foci in the lungs, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and kidney. all focal lesions were characterized microscopically as purulent to pyogranulomatous to granulomatous inflammation with necrosis. francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains were is ... | 2009 | 19407096 |
| tularemia induces different biochemical responses in balb/c mice and common voles. | both balb/c mice and common voles (microtus arvalis) are considered highly susceptible to tularemia. however, the common vole is reported to harbour francisella tularensis in european habitats as well as to survive longer with chronic shedding of the bacterium. the purpose of the present study was to compare the response of these two rodents to a wild francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain infection. | 2009 | 19558687 |
| pathological and microbiological studies of japanese hare (lepus brachyurus angustidens) naturally infected with francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica. | an adult male hare (lepus brachyurus angustidens) was discovered in a moribund condition in the bush in the mountains of aomori prefecture in japan. upon gross inspection, many ticks were found on the neck and the external ear regions, and more than half the ticks contained blood in the intestine. the skin around the tick bite wounds was alopecic and mildly thickened. at necropsy, enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes and spleen were observed. histologically, acute necrotizing splenitis, lymph ... | 2009 | 20046031 |
| identification of francisella tularensis by whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry: fast, reliable, robust, and cost-effective differentiation on species and subspecies levels. | francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a potential agent of bioterrorism. the phenotypic discrimination of closely related, but differently virulent, francisella tularensis subspecies with phenotyping methods is difficult and time-consuming, often producing ambiguous results. as a fast and simple alternative, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) was applied to 50 different strains of the genus francisella to assess its ... | 2010 | 20181907 |
| septic pneumonic tularaemia caused by francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar ii. | this case of pneumonic tularaemia elucidates two aspects: it is believed to be the first documented case of bacteraemia caused by francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar ii; furthermore, it illustrates the remission of septic pneumonic tularaemia without appropriate anti-infective therapy. a blood culture from a patient with community-acquired pneumonia was found to be positive for f. tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar ii after 10 days of cultivation. meanwhile, the patient had been tre ... | 2010 | 20522628 |
| phenotypic and genetic characterization of macrolide resistance in francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar i. | francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains are classified as biovars i and ii, which are susceptible and naturally resistant to the macrolide erythromycin, respectively. the present study was aimed at both selecting biovar i strains with increased levels of erythromycin resistance and characterizing the underlying genetic mechanisms. | 2010 | 20837574 |
| a review of sentinel laboratory performance: identification and notification of bioterrorism agents. | the anthrax incident of 2001 in the united states prompted the college of american pathologists (cap), the association of public health laboratories, and the centers for disease control and prevention to develop exercises for laboratory response network (lrn) sentinel laboratories. | 2010 | 20923306 |
| biochemical responses and oxidative stress in francisella tularensis infection: a european brown hare model. | the aim of the present study was to investigate biochemical and oxidative stress responses to experimental f. tularensis infection in european brown hares, an important source of human tularemia infections. | 2011 | 21232117 |
| deletion of iglh in virulent francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica fsc200 strain results in attenuation and provides protection against the challenge with the parental strain. | francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a highly infectious intracellular pathogen with no licensed vaccine available today. the recent search for genome sequences involved in f. tularensis virulence mechanisms led to the identification of the 30-kb region defined as a francisella pathogenicity island (fpi). in our previous itraq study we described the concerted upregulation of some fpi proteins in different f. tularensis strains cultivated under stress conditions. among the ... | 2011 | 21930232 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains isolated from humans in the central anatolia region of turkey. | to assess the in vitro susceptibility of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar ii strains to 24 antimicrobial agents. | 2011 | 21856791 |
| characterization of protein glycosylation in francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica: identification of a novel glycosylated lipoprotein required for virulence. | fth_0069 is a previously uncharacterized strongly immunoreactive protein that has been proposed to be a novel virulence factor in francisella tularensis. here, the glycan structure modifying two c-terminal peptides of fth_0069 was identified utilizing high resolution, high mass accuracy mass spectrometry, combined with in-source cid tandem ms experiments. the glycan observed at m/z 1156 was determined to be a hexasaccharide, consisting of two hexoses, three n-acetylhexosamines, and an unknown mo ... | 2012 | 22361235 |
| evaluation of a microfluidic chip system for preparation of bacterial dna from swabs, air, and surface water samples. | the detection of bacterial pathogens from complex sample matrices by pcr requires efficient dna extraction. in this study, a protocol for extraction and purification of dna from swabs, air, and water samples using a microfluidic chip system was established. the optimized protocol includes a combination of thermal, chemical and enzymatic lysis followed by chip-based dna purification using magnetic particles. the procedure was tested using gram-positive bacillus thuringiensis berliner var. kurstak ... | 2016 | 27520284 |
| entry of francisella tularensis into murine b cells: the role of b cell receptors and complement receptors. | francisella tularensis, the etiological agent of tularemia, is an intracellular pathogen that dominantly infects and proliferates inside phagocytic cells but can be seen also in non-phagocytic cells, including b cells. although protective immunity is known to be almost exclusively associated with the type 1 pathway of cellular immunity, a significant role of b cells in immune responses already has been demonstrated. whether their role is associated with antibody-dependent or antibody-independent ... | 2015 | 26161475 |
| genome sequence of francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica strain fsc200, isolated from a child with tularemia. | here we report the complete, accurate 1.89-mb genome sequence of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain fsc200, isolated in 1998 in the swedish municipality ljusdal, which is in an area where tularemia is highly endemic. this genome is important because strain fsc200 has been extensively used for functional and genetic studies of francisella and is well-characterized. | 2012 | 23209222 |
| consequences of delayed ciprofloxacin and doxycycline treatment regimens against francisella tularensis airway infection. | this study examines the efficacy, bacterial load, and humoral response of extensively delayed ciprofloxacin or doxycycline treatments following airway exposure of mice to francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (strain lvs) or to the highly virulent f. tularensis subsp. tularensis (strain schus4). a delay in onset of both antibiotic treatments allowed the rescue of all lvs-infected animals. however, for animals infected with schus4, only ciprofloxacin was efficacious and prolongation of treatme ... | 2012 | 22850512 |
| detection of a possible bioterrorism agent, francisella sp., in a clinical specimen by use of next-generation direct dna sequencing. | deep sequencing detected a potential bioterrorism agent, francisella tularensis, in a human abscess sample (iwaki-08) of unknown etiology. identified single-nucleotide variations suggest that the iwaki-08 case was associated with francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (biovar japonica) but not the highly virulent type a (francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis). | 2012 | 22337979 |
| phylogeography of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, europe. | francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica isolates from austria, germany, hungary, italy, and romania were placed into an existing phylogeographic framework. isolates from italy were assigned to phylogenetic group b.ftnf002-00; the other isolates, to group b.13. most f. tularensis subsp. holarctica isolates from europe belong to these 2 geographically segregated groups. | 2012 | 22305204 |
| francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica occurs in swedish mosquitoes, persists through the developmental stages of laboratory-infected mosquitoes and is transmissible during blood feeding. | in sweden, mosquitoes are considered the major vectors of the bacterium francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, which causes tularaemia. the aim of this study was to investigate whether mosquitoes acquire the bacterium as aquatic larvae and transmit the disease as adults. mosquitoes sampled in a swedish area where tularaemia is endemic (örebro) were positive for the presence of f. tularensis deoxyribonucleic acid throughout the summer. presence of the clinically relevant f. tularensis subsp. h ... | 2013 | 24057273 |
| draft genome sequence of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica bd11-00177. | francisella tularensis is a facultative intracellular bacterium in the class gammaproteobacteria. this strain is of interest because it is the etiologic agent of tularemia and a highly virulent category a biothreat agent. here we describe the draft genome sequence and annotation of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica bd11-00177, isolated from the first case of indigenous tularemia detected in the netherlands since 1953. whole genome dna sequence analysis assigned this isolate to the genomic ... | 2013 | 24501637 |
| treatment of tularemia in patient with chronic graft-versus-host disease. | we describe a case of human tularemia caused by francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in a stem cell transplant recipient with chronic graft-versus-host disease who was receiving levofloxacin prophylaxis. the infection was characterized by pneumonia with septic complications. the patient was successfully treated with doxycycline. | 2013 | 23647853 |
| complete genome sequence of a francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain from germany causing lethal infection in common marmosets. | here, we describe the genome sequence of the francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain f92, belonging to the franco-iberian subgroup. this strain represents the first-time isolate of this subgroup in germany and was obtained from naturally infected marmosets. | 2013 | 23405342 |
| characterization of tetratricopeptide repeat-like proteins in francisella tularensis and identification of a novel locus required for virulence. | francisella tularensis is a highly infectious bacterium that causes the potentially lethal disease tularemia. this extremely virulent bacterium is able to replicate in the cytosolic compartments of infected macrophages. to invade macrophages and to cope with their intracellular environment, francisella requires multiple virulence factors, which are still being identified. proteins containing tetratricopeptide repeat (tpr)-like domains seem to be promising targets to investigate, since these prot ... | 2014 | 25245806 |
| diversity of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica lineages, china. | we analyzed 10 isolates of francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica from china and assigned them to known clades by using canonical single-nucleotide polymorphisms. we found 4 diverse subtypes, including 3 from the most basal lineage, biovar japonica. this result indicates unprecedented levels of diversity from a single region and suggests new models for emergence. | 2014 | 24963721 |
| molecular investigation of tularemia outbreaks, spain, 1997-2008. | tularemia outbreaks occurred in northwestern spain in 1997-1998 and 2007-2008 and affected >1,000 persons. we assessed isolates involved in these outbreaks by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with 2 restriction enzymes and multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis of 16 genomic loci of francisella tularensis, the cause of this disease. isolates were divided into 3 pulsotypes by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and 8 allelic profiles by multilocus variable number tandem repeat analy ... | 2014 | 24750848 |
| water as source of francisella tularensis infection in humans, turkey. | francisella tularensis dna extractions and isolates from the environment and humans were genetically characterized to elucidate environmental sources that cause human tularemia in turkey. extensive genetic diversity consistent with genotypes from human outbreaks was identified in environmental samples and confirmed water as a source of human tularemia in turkey. | 2015 | 26583383 |
| environmental monitoring and surveillance of rodents and vectors for francisella tularensis following outbreaks of human tularemia in georgia. | tularemia is a re-emerging bacterial zoonosis, broadly distributed across the northern hemisphere. in georgia, there is a history of human tularemia outbreaks dating back to the 1940s. in response to outbreaks, health officials initiated long-term field surveillance and environmental monitoring. the objective of our study was to obtain information from 57 years of field surveys to identify species that play a role in the occurrence francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in the environment in g ... | 2015 | 26394283 |
| high-quality draft genome sequence of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain or96-0246. | the bacterial pathogen francisella tularensis was recently renewed as a tier-one select agent. f. tularensis subsp. tularensis (type a) and holarctica (type b) are of clinical relevance. here, we report the complete genome of a virulent f. tularensis type b strain and describe its usefulness in comparative genomics. | 2015 | 26272574 |
| draft genome sequence of strain r13-38 from a francisella tularensis outbreak in sweden. | we have whole-genome sequenced a francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (also known as type b) strain from an outbreak in sweden in 2013, derived from a privately owned well for drinking water. | 2015 | 25700401 |
| hare-to-human transmission of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, germany. | in november 2012, a group of 7 persons who participated in a hare hunt in north rhine-westphalia, germany, acquired tularemia. two f. tularensis subsp. holarctica isolates were cultivated from human and hare biopsy material. both isolates belonged to the ftn002-00 genetic subclade (derived for single nucleotide polymorphisms b.10 and b.18), thus indicating likely hare-to-human transmission. | 2015 | 25531286 |
| comparative transcriptional analyses of francisella tularensis and francisella novicida. | francisella tularensis is composed of a number of subspecies with varied geographic distribution, host ranges, and virulence. in view of these marked differences, comparative functional genomics may elucidate some of the molecular mechanism(s) behind these differences. in this study a shared probe microarray was designed that could be used to compare the transcriptomes of francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis schu s4 (ftt), francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica or960246 (fth), francisella ... | 2016 | 27537327 |
| proteogenomic biomarkers for identification of francisella species and subspecies by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia. because some francisella strains are very virulent, this species is considered by the centers for disease control and prevention to be a potential category a bioweapon. a mass spectrometry method to quickly and robustly distinguish between virulent and nonvirulent francisella strains is desirable. a combination of shotgun proteomics and whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry o ... | 2014 | 25215633 |
| evolution toward high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in francisella species. | francisella tularensis, a cdc class a potential bioterrorism agent, is a gram-negative bacterium responsible for tularaemia. understanding the mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics used as first-line treatment is of major security relevance. | 2014 | 23963236 |
| standardized broth microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains from europe and rare francisella species. | tularaemia is a widespread zoonosis in europe caused by francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica. because of a lack of standardized clsi-approved antibiotic susceptibility data from european francisella strains, the antibiotic susceptibilities of a selection of f. tularensis subsp. holarctica isolates originating from germany, austria, france, spain and other european countries were determined. rarely isolated species and subspecies of francisella such as francisella philomiragia, f. tularensis ... | 2012 | 22763567 |
| high-quality draft genome sequence of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain 08t0073 isolated from a wild european hare. | here, we report a high-quality draft genome sequence of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain 08t0073, isolated from the cadaver of a wild european hare (lepus europaeus) found near helmstedt, lower saxony, germany, in 2007. in germany, infected hares are a major source of tularemia in humans. | 2017 | 28336603 |
| clonality of erythromycin resistance in francisella tularensis. | we analysed diverse strains of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica to assess if its division into biovars i and ii is associated with specific mutations previously linked to erythromycin resistance and to determine the distribution of this resistance trait across this subspecies. | 2016 | 27334667 |
| [genetic diversity of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in china]. | to explore the genetic relationship between the chinese and the foreign species of francisella tularensis. | 2015 | 26850402 |
| [construction and properties of the francisella tularensis vaccine strain without one copy of the iglc gene and without reca gene]. | the live vaccine based on the francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica vaccine strain 15 niieg line is used in russia against tularemia. this vaccine is highly effective, but fairly unstable. therefore, development of stable live tularemia vaccine with minimal side effect is rather urgent. the method of allel removal in the f. tularensis vaccine strain was used to remove one copy of the iglc gene, which is required to provide intracellular production of the vaccine strain, as well as removal of ... | 2015 | 26665740 |
| francisella species in ticks and animals, iberian peninsula. | the presence of francisella species in 2134 ticks, 93 lagomorphs and 280 small mammals from the iberian peninsula was studied. overall, 19 ticks and 6 lagomorphs were positive for francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, suggesting, as described for other regions, that lagomorphs may have an important role in the maintenance of f. tularensis in nature. of the 6 positive lagomorphs, 4 were identified as the european rabbit, oryctogalus cuniculus. additionally, 353 ticks and 3 small mammals were ... | 2016 | 26520052 |
| a case of francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica in china. | we report a highly unusual case of ulceroglandular tularemia in beijing, china. the serological texting, and sequencing of three specific genes by pcr analysis, suggested that this case was infected by francisella tularensis. next, using 15 canonical single-nucleotide polymorphisms and insertion-deletion markers (snps-indels) and five variable-number tandem repeat loci (vntrs), this case was assigned to a known clade from russia, and not to the four clades that were previously identified, includ ... | 2015 | 26210091 |
| an original case of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica bacteremia after a near-drowning accident. | we report the first case of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica bacteremia after water contamination in france. a 75-year-old man developed septic pneumonic tularemia after a near-drowning accident. we highlight the need for a longer incubation time for isolation of f. tularensis from blood cultures. | 2015 | 25816922 |
| deciphering the protein interaction in adhesion of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica to the endothelial cells. | extracellular form of francisella is able to cross various cell barriers and invade multiple organs, such as skin, liver, lung and central nervous system. transient adhesion of francisella to endothelial cells may trigger the process of translocation. in this report, we showed that francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (fth) is able to adhere to the endothelial cells, while icam-1 may serve as an adhesion molecule for fth. pull down and affinity ligand binding assays indicated that the pile4 ... | 2015 | 25769821 |
| occurrence of francisella spp. in dermacentor reticulatus and ixodes ricinus ticks collected in eastern poland. | a total of 530 questing dermacentor reticulatus ticks and 861 questing ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from lublin province (eastern poland) and examined for the presence of francisella by pcr for 16s rrna (rrs) and tul4 genes. only one female d. reticulatus tick out of 530 examined (0.2%) was infected with francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica, as determined by pcr of the rrs gene. none of 861 i. ricinus ticks were infected with f. tularensis. in contrast, the presence of francisella ... | 2015 | 25666656 |
| characterisation of a new group of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in switzerland with altered antimicrobial susceptibilities, 1996 to 2013. | molecular analysis of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica isolates from humans and animals revealed the presence of two subgroups belonging to the phylogenetic groups b.ftnf002-00 and b.13 in switzerland. this finding suggests a broader spread of this group in europe than previously reported. until recently, only strains belonging to the western european cluster (group b.ftnf002-00) had been isolated from tularaemia cases in switzerland. the endemic strains belonging to group b.ftnf002-00 a ... | 2014 | 25080140 |
| comparative proteome profiling of host-pathogen interactions: insights into the adaptation mechanisms of francisella tularensis in the host cell environment. | the intracellular pathogens have the unique capacity to sense the host cell environment and to respond to it by alteration in gene expression and protein synthesis. proteomic analysis of bacteria exposed directly to the host cell milieu might thus greatly contribute to the elucidation of processes leading to bacterial adaptation and proliferation inside the host cell. here we have performed a global proteome analysis of a virulent francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain during its intrac ... | 2013 | 24162084 |
| francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica dsba homologue: a thioredoxin-like protein with chaperone function. | francisella tularensis is a highly infectious facultative intracellular bacterium and aetiological agent of tularaemia. the conserved hypothetical lipoprotein with homology to thiol/disulphide oxidoreductase proteins (ftdsba) is an essential virulence factor in f. tularensis. its protein sequence has two different domains: the dsba_com1_like domain (dsba), with the highly conserved catalytically active site cxxc and cis-proline residue; and the domain amino-terminal to fkbp-type peptidyl-prolyl ... | 2013 | 24014665 |
| comparison of bacterial culture and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of f. tularensis subsp. holarctica in wild animals. | detection of the zoonotic pathogen francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (ef tularensis) in wild animals with culture techniques as well as polymerase chain reaction were compared and discussed on the basis of the investigation of 60 animals. the samples originated from 55 european brown hares (lepus europaeus), two red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and one each from a wild rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus), a european beaver (castor fiber), and a lemur (lemur catta). when comparing the growth of 28 f. ... | 2013 | 23901583 |
| [in vitro activity of tigecycline against francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in comparison with doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and aminoglycosides]. | francisella tularensis is the etiological agent of tularemia which is a zoonosis of the northern hemisphere. for decades, streptomycin was considered the drug of choice, despite possible side effects, and vestibular toxicity in particular. alternatives are tetracylines and chloramphenicol which are bacteriostatic agents that are associated with a considerable risk of relapse. the aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro susceptibility of f.tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar ii strain ... | 2013 | 23390918 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains from hungary, central europe. | determining the in vitro susceptibility to 11 antibiotics of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains belonging to the phylogenetic group b.13, from different areas of hungary. | 2013 | 23065699 |
| unmasked: when a clinically malignant disease turns out infectious. a rare case of tularemia. | this article reports on a 62-year-old man, who presented with cervical mass and rather nonspecific symptoms. the medical history and clinical workup initially favored a malignant disease such as a carcinoma of unknown primary as the underlying cause. eventually, the patient was diagnosed with a granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by francisella tularensis subsp holarctica. tularemia is a rare disease in western europe and can present in multiple ways encompassing almost asymptomatic infections an ... | 2013 | 22674915 |
| antibiotic susceptibility in vitro of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica isolates from germany. | tularaemia is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium francisella tularensis. in germany, the disease is still rare (e.g. 34 human cases reported in 2015). there is a lack of data about the susceptibility of f. tularensis strains to antibiotics, because many cases are diagnosed using serological assays only. | 2017 | 28605439 |
| a single mechanosensitive channel protects francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica from hypoosmotic shock and promotes survival in the aquatic environment. | francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica is found in north america and much of europe and causes the disease tularemia in humans and animals. an aquatic cycle has been described for this subspecies, which has caused water-borne outbreaks of tularemia in at least 10 countries. in this study, we sought to identify mechanosensitive channel(s) required for the bacterium to survive the transition from mammalian hosts to freshwater, which is likely essential for transmission of the bacterium betwe ... | 2017 | 29269496 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains isolated from tularaemia patients in france between 2006 and 2016. | to determine the in vitro susceptibility to 18 antibiotics of human strains of francisella tularensis isolated in france between 2006 and 2016, to check the absence of acquired resistance and to evaluate potential therapeutic alternatives. | 2017 | 29253157 |
| first draft genome sequences of three strains of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, isolated from hares and a tick in france. | here, we report the complete genome sequences of three strains of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (11-789-5s, 11-935-13s, and 11-930-9s), isolated from brown hares and a tick during a tularemia outbreak in france, where tularemia is endemic. | 2017 | 29122856 |