| molecular and morphological characterisation of rhabdias picardiae junker, lhermitte-vallarino et bain, 2010 (nematoda: rhabdiasidae) from delaland's river frog, amietia delalandii (duméril et bibron, 1841) (amphibia: pyxicephalidae) in south africa. | rhabdias picardiae previously known from the guttural toad, sclerophrys gutturalis (bufonidae) is described from a new host, delaland's river frog, amietia delalandii (pyxicephalidae). the species identification is confirmed by analysis of the coi gene sequence and morphological comparison with the original description. morphological details of apical structures in adult parasitic r. picardiae, namely, the shape and position of lips, the number and position of external labial papillae, and the b ... | 2018 | 29351077 |
| gastrin activity in the stomach extracts of bufo regularis (the common african toad). | | 1975 | 240551 |
| high dose of histamine required for gastric acid secretion in the common african toad, bufo regularis. | | 1992 | 1399505 |
| effects of glucagon, glucose, adrenaline and insulin infusion on blood glucose level in the common african toad (bufo regularis). | male toads, weighing 70-123 g, were divided into 13 groups with 8 toad in each group. animals in each group were fasted overnight before the experiments. toads in groups 1 to 4 were infused for 30 minutes with adrenaline, 5 ugkg-1 min-1, glucose, 5.5 mg kg-1 min-1; glucagon 2 ugkg-1 min-1; and insulin 2000 uu kg-1 min-1, respectively. blood samples for blood glucose measurement were taken before, during and after each infusion. the experiment was repeated in groups 5 and 6 using 3.5 mg kg-1 min- ... | 2013 | 10456139 |
| molecular systematics of african 20-chromosome toads (anura: bufonidae). | intrageneric lineages and the historical biogeography of toads, genus bufo, are poorly resolved due to their conservative morphology, their highly conserved karyotypes (typically 2n = 22), and erratic patterns of interspecific hybridisation. here, we use mitochondrial and nuclear dna sequence data to reconstruct relationships of the 20-chromosome toads, a major component of the african bufonid fauna. mitochondrial 12s and 16s sequences from 29 species revealed two independent transitions between ... | 2004 | 15288046 |
| influence of nitric oxide on histamine and carbachol-induced gastric acid secretion in the common african toad - bufo regularis. | the study aimed to determine the influence of nitric oxide (no) on the action of histamine and carbachol on acid secretion in the common african toad - bufo regularis. gastric acidity was determined by titration method. the acid secretion was determined when nitric oxide was absent following administration of no synthase inhibitor; n-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name) and when nitric oxide was in excess by administration of exogenous no donor, sodium nitroprusside (snp). histamine or carbach ... | 2007 | 17220932 |
| effects of petrol exposure on glucose, liver and muscle glycogen levels in the common african toad bufo regularis. | this study investigated the effects of exposure to petrol on blood glucose, liver and muscle glycogen levels in the common african toad bufo regularis. a total of 126 adult toads of either sex weighing between 70-100g were used for this study. the experiment was divided into three phases. the phase 1 experiment the acute toxicity test consisted of animals divided into six groups of 10 toads per group and were exposed to water (h2o), h2o + tween 80, 2ml/l, 3ml/l, 5ml/l, and 10ml/l of petrol respe ... | 2017 | 28262850 |
| effect of cortisol on plasma lactate levels following cortisolinduced hyperglycaemia in common african toad, bufo regularis. | previous studies in man have shown that cortisol induces hyperglycemia through gluconeogenesis. however,the metabolic substrates involved in cortisol-induced hyperglycemia and the role of adrenergic receptors in lactate productionin toads have not been well studied. this study investigated the effects of adrenergic receptor blockers in cortisol-inducedhyperglycemia and blood lactate levels in the common african toad (bufo regularis). each toad was fasted and anaesthetizedwith sodium thiopentone ... | 2017 | 29134973 |
| new species of rhabdias (nematoda: rhabdiasidae) from afrotropical anurans, including molecular evidence and notes on biology. | despite the small sample size the diversity of rhabdias stiles et hassall, 1905 from anurans in the afrotropical region was found to be high. four species were collected from four localities, one in south africa, two on cameroonese mountains and one in madagascar: rhabdias picardiae sp. n. from the bufonid amietophrynus gutturalis (power); rhabdias ohlerae sp. n. and rhabdias tanyai sp. n. from the arthroleptids leptopelis brevirostris (werner) and astylosternus rheophilus amiet, respectively; a ... | 2010 | 20449999 |
| hepatozoon species (adeleorina: hepatozoidae) of african bufonids, with morphological description and molecular diagnosis of hepatozoon ixoxo sp. nov. parasitising three amietophrynus species (anura: bufonidae). | haemogregarines comprise a large group of apicomplexan blood parasites. in 1996 all anuran haemogregarines still in the genus haemogregarina danilewsky, 1885 were reassigned to the genus hepatozoon miller, 1908. most (11/15, 73%) african anuran hepatozoon species have been recorded from the family bufonidae, however, all these are recorded from only two host species, amietophrynus mauritanicus (schlegel, 1841) and amietophrynus regularis (reuss, 1833) from northern and central africa. to the aut ... | 2014 | 25526644 |
| hexamethonium produces both twitch and tetanic depression without fade in common african toad (bufo regularis). | the study was designed to investigate the nature of the cholinoceptors at the sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle junction of the common african toad (bufo regularis). using myographic technique, the twitch properties of the sciatic-gastrocnemius muscle preparation of the common african toad was studied. both the twitch height and peak tetanic height were measured as a percentage of control. hexamethonium at a concentration of 0.1 mm significantly [p<0.05] reduced the mean twitch height from 2.62 ... | 2009 | 20234748 |
| rapid adaptive response to a mediterranean environment reduces phenotypic mismatch in a recent amphibian invader. | invasive species frequently cope with ecological conditions that are different from those to which they adapted, presenting an opportunity to investigate how phenotypes change across short time scales. in 2000, the guttural toad sclerophrys gutturalis was first detected in a peri-urban area of cape town, where it is now invasive. the ability of the species to invade cape town is surprising as the area is characterized by a mediterranean climate significantly drier and colder than that of the nat ... | 2018 | 29615531 |
| a new species of pseudoacanthocephalus (acanthocephala: echinorhynchidae) from the guttural toad, sclerophrys gutturalis (bufonidae), introduced into mauritius, with comments on the implications of the introductions of toads and their parasites into the uk. | pseudoacanthocephalus goodmani n. sp. is described from faecal pellets collected from sclerophrys gutturalis (power, 1927), the guttural toad. the species is characterized by a suite of characters, including a proboscis armature of 14-18 longitudinal rows of 4-6 hooks with simple roots, lemnisci longer than the proboscis receptacle, equatorial testes, a cluster of elongated cement glands and eggs without polar prolongations of the middle membrane 72.6-85.8 long. the toad had been accidentally tr ... | 2020 | 31959277 |
| neofoleyellides boerewors n. gen. n. sp. (nematoda: onchocercidae) parasitising common toads and mosquito vectors: morphology, life history, experimental transmission and host-vector interaction in situ. | anuran filarial nematodes are restricted to two comparatively small subfamilies (icosiellinae and waltonellinae) of the filariae that currently comprise six genera and 41 recognised species. however, the life histories of only five anuran filarial nematodes, proposed as an ancestral group based on molecular phylogenetic studies, have been elucidated. furthermore, data on the natural vectors (in situ) and parasite transmission is limited. in the current study we elucidate the life history of neof ... | 2020 | 32087248 |