| the effect of drought on mycorrhizas of beech (fagus sylvatica l.): changes in community structure, and the content of carbohydrates and nitrogen storage bodies of the fungi. | in a water-exclusion experiment, five different ecotypes of beech (fagus sylvatica l.; representing regions of different environmental and climatic conditions in baden-württemberg, germany) were subjected to drought conditions of different severity between july and september of two consecutive years. drought stress as characterised by the water content and the pre-dawn water potential of the leaves was related to the degree of mycorrhization, the type of ectomycorrhiza, and the physiological pro ... | 2002 | 12466918 |
| a rapid and highly sensitive method for measuring enzyme activities in single mycorrhizal tips using 4-methylumbelliferone-labelled fluorogenic substrates in a microplate system. | a microplate fluorimetric assay was developed for measuring potential activities of extracellular enzymes of individual ectomycorrhizal (em) roots using methylumbelliferone (mu)-labelled fluorescent substrate analogues and microsieves to minimise damage due to manipulation of excised mycorrhizal roots. control experiments revealed that enzyme activities remained stable over the whole time of the experiment suggesting a strong affinity of the studied enzymes to the fungal cell walls. the same myc ... | 2004 | 15234521 |
| differential ability of ectomycorrhizas to survive drying. | to test the hypothesis that, depending on the fungal symbiont, ectomycorrhizas are differentially affected by severe drought stress, we developed a simple method to quantify the loss of vitality of excised ectomycorrhizal tips subjected to drying under controlled conditions. the method uses 96-well microtitration plates with one single ectomycorrhizal tip per well, and is based on measuring the loss of volume and the loss of electrolytes before and after the imposed stress. this approach very si ... | 2007 | 17308933 |
| characterization of juvenile maritime pine (pinus pinaster ait.) ectomycorrhizal fungal community using morphotyping, direct sequencing and fruitbodies sampling. | using ectomycorrhizal root tip morphotyping (anatomical and morphological identification), molecular analysis (internal transcribed spacer region amplification and sequencing), and fruitbody sampling, we assessed diversity and composition of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community colonizing juvenile pinus pinaster ait. under natural conditions in nw spain. overall, we found 15 basidiomycetes and two ascomycetes. members of the family thelephoraceae represented up to 59.4% of the samples. the most ... | 2009 | 18972139 |
| does forest liming impact the enzymatic profiles of ectomycorrhizal communities through specialized fungal symbionts? | liming (ca-mg soil amendment) is a forestry practice used to correct soil acidification and restore health and productivity in declining stands. liming is known to modify tree mineral nutrition beyond the sole ca and mg. we hypothesized that liming also modifies the very functioning of the tree absorbing system (that is the ectomycorrhizal fine roots) in a way that facilitates the mobilization of mineral nutrients, particularly those entrapped in soil organic matter. this hypothesis has been tes ... | 2009 | 19421790 |
| effects of liming on potential oxalate secretion and iron chelation of beech ectomycorrhizal root tips. | liming is used to counteract forest decline induced by soil acidification. it consists of ca and mg input to forest soil and not only restores tree mineral nutrition but also modifies the availability of nutrients in soil. ectomycorrhizal (ecm) fungi are involved in mineral nutrient uptake by trees and can recover them through dissolution of mineral surface. oxalate and siderophore secretion are considered as the main agents of mineral weathering by ecms. here, we studied the effects of liming o ... | 2010 | 20577876 |
| liming in a beech forest results in more mineral elements stored in the mantle of lactarius subdulcis ectomycorrhizas. | liming is a forest practice used to counteract forest decline induced by soil acidification. it consists of direct ca and mg input in forest soil and restores tree mineral nutrition, but also causes drastic changes in nutrient availability in soil. ectomycorrhizal (ecm) fungi significantly contribute in nutrient uptake by trees, and can recover them through organic acid secretion or through enzymatic degradation of organic matter. the symbiotic fungi use their extraradical mycelium for nutrient ... | 2010 | 21036345 |