| characterization of an extracellular dextranase from fusarium moniliforme. | an extracellular dextranase (ec 3.2.1.11) was purified approximately 75-fold from cell-free culture filtrates of fusarium moniliforme. the purified dextranase was of the endo type, and isomaltose was identified as the primary end product of dextran hydrolysis. the molecular weight of the dextranase was determined to be 39,000 by gel permeation chromatography. the enzyme was most active at ph 5.5, and the temperature optimum was near 55 c. activity was not inhibited by either ethylenediaminetetra ... | 1975 | 953 |
| growth of fusarium moniliforme on carob aqueous extract and nutritional evaluation of its biomass. | fusarium moniliforme was cultured semicontinuously on a carob medium in a 14-liter fermentor (8.5-liter working volume). the growth medium provided 2.4% carob sugar, 0.72% nh4h2po4, and 0.03% mgso4-7h2o. the biomass harvest was 8.8 g/liter per day. ninety percent of the sugars were consumed, and the ph dropped from 5.9 to about 3.7. the crude protein (n x 6.25) of the spray-dried mycelium was 380 g/kg, 300 g/kg for the true protein (lowry), and 4.8 g/kg for the (folin-denis) tannic acid. the myc ... | 1976 | 5952 |
| a new n-nitroso compound, n-3-methylbutyl-n-1-methylacetonylnitrosamine, in corn-bread inoculated with fungi. | a new n--nitroso compound, n--1--methylacetonyl--n--3--methylbutylnitrosamine (mambna) is found in corn-bread inoculated with the common fungi, such as fusarium moniliforme, geotrichun candidum, aspergillus terreus or a. flavipes, encountered in food of lin xian county, henan province. the preliminary identification of this compound with tlc has been confirmed by gc-ms analysis. furthermore, we have synthesized the mambna and the chemical analysis shows that it is identical with the mambna isola ... | 1979 | 112677 |
| phosphodiesterase-phosphomonoesterases from fusarium moniliforme. vi. a modified method of purification and identification of isozymes. | fusarium phosphodiesterase-phosphomonesterase was purified 1,630-fold with 19% yield from dried powder of the culture medium by a modified method consisting of seven steps. the purified preparation was shown to be devoid of inactive protein by disc electrophoresis. the preparation was homogeneous with respect to size as demonstrated by gel filtration, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. the molecular weights determined by gel filtration on sephadex ... | 1977 | 197066 |
| phosphodiesterase-phosphomonesterases from fusarium moniliforme. separation and properties of four isozymes. | purified phosphodiesterase-phosphomonoesterase was found to be composed of four isozymes with different isoelectric points. these isozymes, phosphodiesterase-phosphomonoesterases 1-4, were separated from one another by repeated isoelectric focusing. very little difference in amino acid composition, enzymic properties or circular dichroism spectra was detected among the isozymes. far-ultraviolet circular dichroism spectra showed that the enzyme contained about 10% alpha-helix and 40% beta-structu ... | 1979 | 218923 |
| [newer veterinary neuropathological conditions in south africa (author's transl)]. | a brief review is given of some of the more recent findings on lesions of diseases affecting the central nervous system of animals. these include local diseases caused by poisonous plants; helichrysum argyrosphaerum, solanum kwebense, matricaria nigellaefolia; infectious diseases e.g. heartwater, cerebral babesiosis and cranial abscesses in goats caused by corynebacterium pyogenes. reference is also made to some conditions, originally described in overseas countries and which subsequently have b ... | 1977 | 327065 |
| detection of mutagens produced by fungi with the salmonella typhimurium assay. | forty-one fungal isolates (one isolate per species) representing common plant pathogens and food crop contaminants were grown on sterile, polished rice and assayed for mutagenic activity in the salmonella typhimurium-microsome system. initially, single doses of aqueous and chloroform extracts of the moldy rice were assayed against the ta100 tester strain by incorporating extracts into the growth medium and by applying small quantities on disks placed on the agar surface. suspected activity was e ... | 1978 | 354528 |
| mutagenic activity of fusarium moniliforme isolates in the salmonella typhimurium assay. | a total of 33 isolates of fusarium moniliforme from several food or feed crops were grown on sterile cracked corn, and chloroform-isopropanol extracts were assayed for mutagenic activity in the salmonella typhimurium-microsome system by using tester strain ta98 or ta100 or both. extracts of 21 (64%) of the isolates assayed against ta100 were mutagenic. activities of seven of these extracts were increased markedly with incorporation of the liver homogenate (s-9) into the assay. seven (33%) of the ... | 1979 | 384905 |
| effect of growth rate on the amino acid composition of fusarium moniliforme cultivated continuously for fungal protein production. | | 1979 | 420921 |
| [tryptophan pyrrolase activity of fusarium moniliforme]. | | 1979 | 514110 |
| equine leucoencephalomalacia (elem): a study of fusarium moniliforme as an etiologic agent. | signs and lesions characteristic of equine leucoencephalomalacia were produced in one of two donkeys given corn cultured with fusarium moniliforme sheldon. gross and histopathologic lesions of the cerebrum included an extensive necrotic cavitation within one cerebral hemisphere, disruption and rarefication of the subcortical white matter, prominent perivascular hemorrhage, and some mononuclear cell perivascular cuffing. another donkey and three rabbits fed the cultured corn did not develop chara ... | 1979 | 516365 |
| comparative studies with regard to the influence of carbon and nitrogen ratio on sporulation in fusarium oxysporum and fusarium moniliforme v. subglutinans. | carbon/nitrogen ratio as a factor for sporulation, expressed in terms of magnitude of population variation of macroconidia and microconidia in the cultures of eusarium oxysporum schlecht ex. fr., fusarium moniliforme v. subglutinans wr. and rg., and of chlamydospores (only in fusarium oxysporum) was investigated. it has been found that the amount of carbon source shapes the course of macro- and micro. conidial production in a linear fashion, being enhanced parallel to the increase in its amount- ... | 1979 | 543920 |
| incidence of fusarium moniliforme sheld. in zea mays l. in the rainforest zone of nigeria. | 45 seed samples from 7 states of the rainforest zone of nigeria (ogun, ondo, oyo, bendel, anambra, imo, and cross river) were screened for phytopathogen incidence. whereas drechslera maydis was found in 30 and cephalosporium maydis in 79% of the samples were infected by fusarium moniliforme, with 70% of the samples showing heavy infection. in view of the widespread nature of this economically important fungus on maize in the main cultivation area of nigeria, the necessity for routine laboratory ... | 1979 | 550860 |
| [parasitic fusaria in corn an attempts to isolate phytoestrogens from them]. | a total of 123 fungus strains of the fusarium genus were found in 181 samples of maize. fusarium moniliforme was most frequently isolated. it was found that 14 of the strains produced f-2 toxin. experiments were carried out with 50 male and female guinea pigs. each of the test animals was given orally 0.2 ml (daily, in the course of twenty days) crude toxin obtained through growing the fungus--selected strains--on sterile maize flour. it was established that most of the tested toxins affected th ... | 1977 | 565100 |
| effect of volatile substances from origanum majorana and ocimum basilicum on spore respiration and germination of some soil fungi. | oxygen uptake by the spores of fusarium moniliforme, f. oxysporum, f. semitectum, f. solani, mucor racemosus and trichoderma viride was increased in the presence of volatile substances extracted from origanum majorana and ocimum basilicum. this increase was greater in the presence of volatile substances from o. basilicum than o. majorana, except in the case of f. semitectum where the reverse was true. a drop in the rq of all the germinating spores was observed in the presence of these substances ... | 1978 | 570540 |
| toxicity of a moniliformin-producing strain of fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans isolated from maize. | | 1977 | 604234 |
| a molecular mechanism for the toxic action of moniliformin, a mycotoxin produced by fusarium moniliforme. | | 1978 | 629807 |
| isolation and purification of moniliformin. | a bulk purification procedure is described for moniliformin, a mycotoxin produced by fusarium moniliforme. the method involves methanol extraction of suitably molded maize, aqueous extraction of the methanol-free residue, ion exchange chromatography with a nacl concentration gradient, desalination, and crystallization. a pka value of 1.70 as well as molar absorptivities of 19100 (lambda (h2o) max 229 nm), 5600 (lambda (h2o) max 260 nm), and 4700 (lambda (meoh) max 260 nm) l/mole/cm are reported ... | 1978 | 649549 |
| [rickets in broilers due to the contamination of feed with fusarium moniliforme sheldon. 1. field observations, reproduction of the disease picture and therapeutic studies]. | | 1978 | 654696 |
| [ricketts in broilers through feed contamination with fusarium moniliforme sheldon. 2. histology and mycotoxicology studies]. | | 1978 | 654704 |
| disseminated infection by fusarium moniliforme during treatment for malignant lymphoma. | disseminated infection caused by fusarium moniliforme is described in a 32-year-old granulocytopenic man with malignant lymphoma being treated with cytotoxic drugs and corticosteroids. infected skin denuded by antecedent severe varicella-zoster infection was the probable source of fungemia. f. moniliforme grows rapidly on common mycological media as a lavender- to violet-colored mold at 25 to 37 degrees c. its aerial hyphae produce fusoid macroconidia and characteristic fusiform microconidia in ... | 1978 | 670381 |
| toxic substances produced by fusarium v: occurrence of zearalenone, diacetoxyscirpenol, and t-2 toxin in moldy corn infected with fusarium moniliforme sheld. | sweet corn infected with fusarium moniliforme sheld. (cmi-imi 204057) while growing in the fields was shown to contain zearalenone, diacetoxyscirpenol, and t-2 toxin. assays by spectral, chemical, and biological methods established the presence of these substances, with zearalenone being the most abundant. in vitro cultures of the fungus also produced the three toxins. | 1978 | 722501 |
| moniliformin, a metabolite of fusarium moniliforme nrrl 6322: purification and toxicity. | fusarium moniliforme nrrl 6322 produced about 600 mg of recoverable moniliformin, a mycotoxic metabolite, per kg of corn grit medium. the moniliformin was extracted from the grits with methanol, purified by preparative thin-layer chromatography, and crystallized from ether. the 50% lethal dose for chicken embryos was 2.8 microgram per egg. for 1-day-old chicks dosed with moniliformin by crop intubation and for female and male mice injected intraperitoneally, the 50% lethal doses were 5.4, 20.9, ... | 1979 | 760629 |
| the effect of fetal bovine serum on polyene macrolide antibiotic cytotoxicity and antifungal activity. | the relationships between fetal bovine serum (fbs) concentration and polyene macrolide antibiotic cytotoxicity to animal cells and to fungi were evaluated. the toxicity of amphotericin b (ab) and its derivative, amphotericin b methyl ester (ame), toward kb cells was found to be directly related to fetal bovine serum concentration. at higher fbs levels, increased concentrations of ab and ame were required to reduce 72-hr kb viable cell numbers of 50% of control values. similarly, polyene macrolid ... | 1976 | 780260 |
| survival of aspergillus flavus and fusarium moniliforme in high-moisture corn stored under modified atmospheres. | freshly harvested high-moisture corn with 29.4% moisture and corn remoistened to 19.6% moisture were inoculated with aspergillus flavus link ex fr. and stored for 4 weeks at about 27 c in air (0.03% co2, 21% o2, and 78% n2) and three modified atmospheres: (i) 99.7% n2 and 0.3% o2; (ii) 61.7% co2, 8.7% o2, and 29.6% n2; and (iii) 13.5% co2, 0.5% o2, and 84.8% n2. kernel infections by a. flavus, fusarium moniliforme (sheld.) snyd. et hans., and other fungi were monitored weekly. the modified-atmos ... | 1975 | 811165 |
| a study of the feasibility of the use of gentian violet as a fungistat for poultry feed. | a 96% formulation of gentian violet was fungistatic to aspergillus flavus, alternaria sp., candida albicans, fusarium moniliforme, and penicillum citrinum when incorporated into corn meal agar at 6.5, 39.0, and 156.0 p.p.m. a. flavus, alternaria sp., f. roseeum, and p. citrinum were inhibited on corn meal agar which had been amended with 12.8, 26.6, and 38.4 p.p.m. of gentian violet in a 2.54% commercial liquid concentrate of gentian violet employed as the active ingredient in a commercial poult ... | 1976 | 819918 |
| survey of some fusarium moniliforme strains from different host plants for compounds possessing gibberellin-like activity. | fifty cultures of fusarium moniliforme were isolated from different hosts and were studied morphologically and physiologically for gibberellin production. gibberellin production is not limited to rice isolates, since isolates from other host plants revealed also production. these isolates were highly utilizing sucrose, fructose, glucose, sorbose, maltose, mannose, xylose, and arabinose, more than lactose; also ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, and ammonium tartrate were better utilized as nit ... | 1977 | 878710 |
| cutaneous infection in man caused by fusarium moniliforme. | fusarium moniliforme was isolated from a pustular lesion on the hand of an otherwise healthy male. branching hyphae were seen in pus stained by the periodic acid-schiff method. pustular lesions containing branching hyphae were produced in mice after subcutaneous injection of microconidia. the experimental infection in mice and the naturally occurring lesion in man healed without treatment in 1 to 2 weeks. although production of catenulate microconida was abundant on several common laboratory med ... | 1977 | 905920 |
| high-pressure liquid-chromatographic assay of nucleotide-pool concentrations during polysaccharide biosynthesis in four ascomycetes. | high-resolution liquid-chromatographic methods developed for analyzing nucleotide pools at the nanogram level in four representative species of ascomycetes (penicillium citrinum, aspergillus niger, fusarium moniliforme, and cladosporium herbarum) were used to study polysaccharide biosynthesis. nucleotides extracted from the mycelial mat were preseparated from interfering polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and nucleic acids on a column of biogel p-2. resolution of 18 nucleotides from each fungal spe ... | 1977 | 912696 |
| pathogenicity of a gibberellin-producing and a nonproducing strain of fusarium moniliforme in oats as determined by a colorimetric assay for n-acetyl glucosamine. | | 1976 | 934180 |
| leukoencephalomalacia: a mycotoxicosis of equidae caused by fusarium moniliforme sheldon. | when 2 horses were dosed with cultures of a fusarium moniliforme isolate that had previously caused only hepatosis, 1 developed brain oedema and hepatosis, and the other only leukoencephalomalacia. a 3rd horse developed both leukoencephalomalacia and hepatosis after being dosed with another isolate obtained from maize which was associated with a natural outbreak of the nervous form of the disease. since leukoencephalomalacia and hepatosis could be induced by the same culture material, it was con ... | 1976 | 1012650 |
| protein content and amino acid composition of certain fungi evaluated for microbial protein production. | the protein and total amino acid contents of four mycelial fungal strains and one yeast were approximately the same for cultures harvested in the mid-log and early stationary growth phases. it was found that fusarium oxysporum and fusarium moniliforme contained approximately 30% more protein and total amino acids than aspergillus niger. the amino acid composition of mycelial protein compares favorably with that of british petroleum yeast protein toprina produced commercially on hydrocarbon subst ... | 1975 | 1115498 |
| [electron microscopic study of fusarium moniliforme scheld. mycelium]. | | 1975 | 1214670 |
| [effect of various xylans on the biosynthesis of xylanases of fusarium moniliforme and trichoderma koningii]. | | 1975 | 1240581 |
| genotoxicity of fungi evaluated by sos microplate assay. | by an introduction of sodium dodecylsulfate for cell lysis and immunomicroplate for mass assay, the modified sos microplate assay method was established and applied for the evaluation of genotoxicity of mycotoxins and fungal cultures. among 20 mycotoxins, the carcinogenic dihydrobisfuranoids such as aflatoxin b1, sterigmatocystin, and versicolorin a were positive in the presence of the activation system. while, the carcinogenic anthraquinones and lactones such as luteoskyrin, rugulosin, ochratox ... | 1992 | 1344897 |
| characterization of fumonisin toxicity in orally and intravenously dosed swine. | fumonisin b1 (fb1), a recently identified mycotoxin produced by fusarium moniliforme in corn, has been shown to cause death in swine due to pulmonary edema, an apparently species specific effect, and to interfere with sphingolipid metabolism in vitro. here we characterize the toxicity of fumonisins, using female cross-bred swine weighing 6 to 13 kg, and present a hypothesis regarding the mechanism of fumonisin-induced pulmonary edema in swine. fb1 was given daily intravenously (iv) to pig 1 for ... | 1992 | 1387461 |
| [fusarin c induced esophageal and forestomach carcinoma in mice and rats]. | fusarium moniliforme, a fungus of established carcinogenic potential, is one of the most common fungal contaminants of maize, millet and other grains in linxian, china, a high-risk county for human esophageal cancer. fusarin c, a major product of f. moniliforme grown on corn in the laboratory, is mutagenic in salmonella tester strains and in v79 cells. fusarin c treated rat esophageal epithelial cell line showed several characteristics of malignant transformations including the growth in nude mi ... | 1992 | 1396042 |
| stability of fusarin c: effects of the normal cooking procedure used in china and ph. | fusarin c (fc) is a naturally occurring mutagen found on fusarium moniliforme-contaminated corn. in linxian, china, an area of exceptionally high incidence of esophageal cancer, the milled corn is made into small cakes called wotou, which are steamed. it has been suggested that fc may play a role in the etiology of esophageal cancer, but this has been questioned, in part, because of the thermal instability of fc. we therefore measured the effects of temperature on fc stability, mimicking the coo ... | 1992 | 1408946 |
| efficacy of liposomal amphotericin b (ambisome) in the eradication of fusarium infection in a leukaemic patient. | we recently succeeded in eradicating a fusarium infection by treatment with liposomal amphotericin b (l-amb). the patient, a 22-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (all), developed fever and diffuse cutaneous maculopapular necrotising nodules during post-chemotherapy neutropenia. fusarium verticilloides was isolated from the skin, and hyphae were observed on direct microscopy. despite increased wbc and amphotericin b (amb) treatment (0.7 mg/kg/day for 11 days), he remained febrile an ... | 1992 | 1427436 |
| [fumonisins--new metabolites of fusarium moniliforme--as contaminants of corn]. | strains of the fusarium moniliforme fungi, widely distributed contaminants of maize are shown to be highly toxic and carcinogenic and cause various animal and human diseases. the effect of temperature and incubation period on the production of fumonisins by f. moniliforme have been studied. the overall maximum yield of fumonisins was 17.5 g/kg maize. a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of fumonisins is proposed. the structural analysis of their tet ... | 1992 | 1494574 |
| expression of the gene encoding the pr-like protein prms in germinating maize embryos. | the prms protein is a pathogenesis-related (pr)-like protein whose mrna accumulates during germination of maize seeds. expression of the prms gene is induced after infection of maize seeds with the fungus fusarium moniliforme. to further our investigations on the expression of the prms gene we examined the accumulation of prms mrna in different tissues of maize seedlings infected with f. moniliforme and studied the effect of fungal elicitors, the mycotoxin moniliformin, the hormone gibberellic a ... | 1992 | 1495490 |
| a review and update of animal toxicoses associated with fumonisin-contaminated feeds and production of fumonisins by fusarium isolates. | during the 1989 corn harvest season, numerous reports of equine leukoencephalomalacia (elem) outbreaks and a pulmonary edema (ppe) syndrome in swine from several regions of the united states were received by the national veterinary services laboratories (nvsl), ames, iowa. previous and concurrent research linked fusarium moniliforme and fumonisin-contaminated feeds to both diseases. chemical and mycological investigations revealed fumonisin b1 (fb1) concentrations of 20 to 360 ppm in suspect swi ... | 1992 | 1513366 |
| fumonisins: isolation, chemical characterization and biological effects. | the fumonisin b mycotoxins (fb1 and fb2) have been purified and characterized from corn cultures of fusarium moniliforme strain mrc 826. fumonisin b1 (fb1), the major fumonisin produced in culture, has been shown to be responsible for the major toxicological effects of the fungus in rats, horses and pigs. recent investigations on the purification of compounds with chromatographic characteristics similar to fb1 have led to the identification of two new fumonisins, fb3 and fb4. fumonisins a1 and a ... | 1992 | 1513367 |
| biosynthesis of labeled fumonisins in liquid cultures of fusarium moniliforme. | fumonisins were readily produced in cultures of fusarium moniliforme using a defined liquid medium. addition of 200 mg of d3-methyl l-methionine to 100-ml cultures of f. moniliforme gave increased overall yields and high levels of deuterium (2h) incorporation into fumonisin b1. approximately 90% of the resulting fumonisin b1 contained 6 deuterium atoms, while 9% of the product contained 3 deuterium atoms. deuterium was shown to be incorporated exclusively in the methyl groups of the fumonisin ba ... | 1992 | 1513369 |
| a new fumonisin from solid cultures of fusarium moniliforme. | a new fumonisin has been isolated from fusarium moniliforme isolate mrc826 grown on corn. it was shown by nmr and mass spectrometry to be an isomer of fumonisin b2 that has free hydroxyl groups at c-3 and c-10 instead of the normal c-3 and c-5. this new fumonisin was detected in cultures of most isolates of f. moniliforme that were examined and was usually present at concentrations similar to those of fumonisin b2. two isolates of f. moniliforme that produce significantly higher levels of this n ... | 1992 | 1513370 |
| taxonomy and biology of fusarium moniliforme. | fusarium moniliforme is one of the most prevalent fungi associated with basic human and animal dietary samples such as corn. this fungus has been suspected of being involved in human and animal diseases since its original description. fusarium moniliforme is in the section liseola along with f. proliferatum, f. subglutinans, and f. anthophilum. cultural mutation often occurs when f. moniliforme is grown on a medium rich in carbohydrates. mutants may be either the mycelial or pionnotal type and o ... | 1992 | 1513371 |
| the implications of naturally occurring levels of fumonisins in corn for human and animal health. | contamination of corn with the fungus fusarium moniliforme and its secondary metabolites, the fumonisins, has been associated with several human and animal diseases. this paper summarizes present knowledge and presents new data on the levels of fumonisins present in foods and feeds associated with these diseases as well as in commercial corn and corn-based products. the doses of fumonisins to which humans and animals consuming these products would be exposed are compared with those doses known t ... | 1992 | 1513372 |
| fumonisin b1 production and vegetative compatibility of strains from gibberella fujikuroi mating population 'a' (fusarium moniliforme). | we examined 25 strains of fusarium moniliforme from eight states known to be associated with equine leukoencephalomalacia, a disease caused by the mycotoxin fumonisin b1. we determined the mating population, mating type, and vegetative compatibility group to which each of these strains belonged. all 25 strains were in the 'a' mating population; 12 were a+ and 13 were a-. seventeen of the 25 strains were female fertile; these strains also averaged higher levels of fumonisin b1 production than did ... | 1992 | 1513373 |
| aal toxins, fumonisins (biology and chemistry) and host-specificity concepts. | the aal toxins and the fumonisins (fb1 and fb2) are structurally related and produced respectively by alternaria alternata f.sp. lycopersici and fusarium moniliforme. aal toxin is characterized as a host-specific toxin, toxic to tomato, whereas fumonisin b1 causes equine leukoencephalomalacia. fb1 and fb2 were biologically active in susceptible tomato tissue (earlypak-7) and animal tissue culture (rat hepatoma h4tg and dog kidney mdck). conversely, aal toxin was also active in the rat and dog ti ... | 1992 | 1513374 |
| fumonisin-induced pulmonary edema and hydrothorax in swine. | pulmonary edema and hydrothorax were observed in mature swine that died approximately 5 days after consuming corn screenings. these postmortem observations were reproduced in younger pigs that died within 1 week when fed the corn screenings under experimental conditions. additionally, pulmonary edema and hydrothorax were induced in a pig that died after receiving 4 daily intravenous injections of fumonisin b1, a toxic metabolite produced by fusarium moniliforme. | 1992 | 1513376 |
| subchronic toxicological investigations of fusarium moniliforme-contaminated corn, culture material, and ammoniated culture material. | the fungus fusarium moniliforme is ubiquitous on corn throughout the world and is a likely co-contaminant on corn infested with aflatoxin-producing aspergillus flavus. ammoniation has been used to detoxify aflatoxin-contaminated commodities. to determine the effect of ammoniation on the toxic potential of fusarium moniliforme, male sprague-dawley rats were fed either diets containing 10% sound corn, ammoniated corn, corn culture material of hepatotoxic f. moniliforme strain mrc 826 (cm), or ammo ... | 1992 | 1513377 |
| fumonisin toxicity in broiler chicks. | the effects of dietary fumonisin b1 were evaluated in young broiler chicks. the experimental design consisted of 5 treatments each with 9 randomly allotted male broiler chicks. day-old chicks were fed diets containing 0 (feed control), 100, 200, 300, or 400 mg fumonisin b1/kg feed for 21 days. response variables measured were chick performance, organ weights, serum biochemistry, and histologic parameters. body weights and average daily gain dramatically decreased with increasing dietary fumonisi ... | 1992 | 1515495 |
| purification and characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide from maize (zea mays l.) kernels. | several small, acid-soluble, basic peptides with anti-microbial properties have been isolated from maize (inbred b73) kernels. one of these peptides (mbp-1) has been purified to homogeneity and characterized. the peptide has a molecular weight of 4127.08 as determined by plasma desorption mass spectroscopy, has no free cysteines, and is predominantly alpha-helical as determined by circular dichroism. the primary sequence of the peptide (33 residues) has been determined by edman degradation and s ... | 1992 | 1527010 |
| effect of fumonisin-b1 exposure on chicken macrophage functions in vitro. | fumonisin-b1 (fb1) is one of the recently discovered metabolites of fusarium moniliforme (sheldon) occurring naturally in infected corn. it is hepatocarcinogenic and causes death in several animal species including rats, horses, swine, and ducklings. in the present study, chicken peritoneal macrophages (pm) and a chicken macrophage cell line, mq-ncsu, were exposed in vitro to various doses of fb1. exposure to .5, 5, and 10 micrograms fb1/ml caused significant cytotoxicity in pm after 2 and 4 h o ... | 1992 | 1539010 |
| the cancer-initiating potential of the fumonisin b mycotoxins. | the cancer-initiating potential of the fumonisin b (fb) mycotoxins produced by fusarium moniliforme was screened in rat liver for their ability to induce rare hepatocytes with an acquired resistance to the mitoinhibitory effect of 2-acetyl-aminofluorene (2-aaf). two different initiating protocols were used: a feeding regimen during which fb1 was fed at a dietary level of 0.1% for 26 days, and another where single or multiple doses of fb1 and fb2 (varying from 200 to 50 mg/kg) were administered ( ... | 1992 | 1547534 |
| characterization of an epizootic of pulmonary edema in swine associated with fumonisin in corn screenings. | in 1989, corn screenings were associated with acute interstitial pulmonary edema, hydrothorax, and death in swine. attack rate was 5-50%, case fatality rate was 50-90%, and clinical course was 1-2 days. screenings from farms with pigs affected with pulmonary edema contained 20-330 micrograms fumonisin b1 per gram. screenings containing 92 micrograms fumonisin b1 per gram fed to weanling pigs caused pulmonary edema and death. sterilized corn inoculated with fusarium moniliforme and diluted 1:1 wi ... | 1992 | 1554770 |
| fumonisin inhibition of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis and cytotoxicity are correlated in llc-pk1 cells. | fumonisins are a group of structurally related compounds produced by fusarium moniliforme. recently, it has been shown that fumonisins b1 and b2 are the first naturally occurring inhibitors of sphingosine and sphinganine n-acyltransferase (ceramide synthase) in rat primary hepatocytes (wang et al. j. biol. chem. 266, 14, 486-14, 490, 1991). these enzymes are key components in the pathways for de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis and sphingolipid turnover. the results of the present study show that ... | 1992 | 1585377 |
| effects of selected secondary metabolites of fusarium moniliforme on unscheduled synthesis of dna by rat primary hepatocytes. | the fusarium moniliforme mycotoxins--fusarin c, fumonisin b1, moniliformin and bikaverin--were evaluated for genotoxicity by their ability to induce unscheduled dna synthesis (uds) in primary rat hepatocytes. isolated hepatocytes were exposed to several concentrations of moniliformin (5.0-500 microm), bikaverin (1.0-500 microm), fumonisin b1 (0.5-250 microm), or fusarin c (1.0-100 microm). aflatoxin b1, a known inducer of uds, was included as a positive control. uds was determined by autoradiogr ... | 1992 | 1618447 |
| fumonisin mycotoxicosis in broilers: performance and pathology. | fusarium moniliforme culture material containing fumonisin b1 at 300 mg/kg was incorporated into a broiler starter ration and fed ad libitum to 1-day-old broiler chicks for 2 weeks in two experiments. clinical features of the disease produced included diarrhea, a 19% reduction in body weight, a 30% increase in relative liver weight, and a worsening of feed conversion by 20 points at 2 weeks of age. histologically, chicks fed fumonisin had multifocal hepatic necrosis, biliary hyperplasia, muscle ... | 1992 | 1627116 |
| initial studies on the toxicokinetics of fumonisin b1 in rats. | fumonisin b1 (fb1), the major compound in the fumonisin group of secondary metabolites of fusarium moniliforme sheldon, is associated with some human and animal diseases. after intraperitoneal dosing to rats (7.5 mg/kg), fb1 was rapidly absorbed and reached a maximum concentration in plasma within 20 min after injection. thereafter, it underwent rapid removal from plasma, displaying a mono-exponential elimination phase that fitted a one-compartment model with a half-life of 18 min. collection of ... | 1992 | 1628862 |
| atherogenic effects in a non-human primate of fusarium moniliforme cultures added to a carbohydrate diet. | adding less than 0.5% w/w of culture material of strain mrc 826 of the fungus fusarium moniliforme to a carbohydrate diet low in fat resulted in an atherogenic plasma lipid profile in a non-human primate. simultaneously increased plasma fibrinogen and activity of blood coagulation factor vii could enhance atherogenesis. this unique potential for promotion of atherosclerosis was probably secondary to chronic hepatotoxicity as indicated by liver fibrosis and elevated cholesterol, albumin and the e ... | 1992 | 1632855 |
| increases in serum sphingosine and sphinganine and decreases in complex sphingolipids in ponies given feed containing fumonisins, mycotoxins produced by fusarium moniliforme. | consumption of food contaminated with fusarium moniliforme causes leucoencephalomalacia and hepatotoxicity in horses, pulmonary edema in pigs and liver cancer in rats, and has been correlated with esophageal cancer in humans. the causative agents are thought to be a family of compounds called fumonisins, which have recently been shown to be potent inhibitors of sphingosine (sphinganine) n-acyltransferase. because inhibition at this step blocks the formation of complex sphingolipids while leading ... | 1992 | 1640265 |
| toxicity and carcinogenicity of the fusarium moniliforme metabolite, fumonisin b1, in rats. | a semi-purified corn-based diet containing 50 mg/kg of pure (not less than 90%) fumonisin b1 (fb1), isolated from culture material of fusarium moniliforme strain mrc 826, was fed to a group of 25 rats over a period of 26 months. a control group of 25 rats received the same diet without fb1. five rats from each group were killed at 6, 12, 20 and 26 months. the liver was the main target organ in the fb1-treated rats and the hepatic pathological changes were identical to those previously reported i ... | 1991 | 1649015 |
| fumonisin, a toxin from the fungus fusarium moniliforme sheld, blocks both the calcium current and the mechanical activity in frog atrial muscle. | the effects of fumonisin, a toxin isolated from the fungus fusarium moniliforme sheld were studied on transmembrane potentials and currents of the frog heart muscle using the double sucrose gap technique. fumonisin (280 microm) shortened the plateau duration of the action potential. under voltage clamp conditions, fumonisin inhibited the ca current. the block occurred without alteration of either the kinetic parameters or the apparent reversal potential of the current suggesting that the toxin b ... | 1991 | 1658988 |
| in vitro transformation of rat esophageal epithelial cells by fusarin c. | fusarin c (fc) is a mutagenic and carcinogenic mycotoxin which was isolated from fusarium moniliforme culture extracts. the fusarium moniliforme is one of most prevalent fungi found on corn in linxian, a high risk area for esophageal cancer. this paper reports, for the first time, the malignant transformation of rat esophageal epithelial cells induced by fc. the transformed cells showed several characteristics of transformation. colonies were formed after seeding these transformed cells either i ... | 1991 | 1686973 |
| effect of fusaric acid on brain regional neurochemistry and vomiting behavior in swine. | fusaric (5-butylpicolinic) acid is a phytotoxin produced especially by fusarium moniliforme, a mold commonly found in canadian-grown corn. experiments were conducted to determine the effects of acute doses of fusaric acid on brain neurochemistry and behavior in swine. a total of 40 crossbred barrows (initial weight 10 kg) were orally dosed with 0 or 200 mg of fusaric acid/kg of bw and five animals from each treatment were killed 4.5, 9, 18, or 36 h after dosing. all brains were dissected, and co ... | 1991 | 1712354 |
| a gene coding for a basic pathogenesis-related (pr-like) protein from zea mays. molecular cloning and induction by a fungus (fusarium moniliforme) in germinating maize seeds. | pathogenesis-related proteins (prs) are plant proteins produced in leaves in response to infection by pathogens including viruses, viroids, fungi and bacteria. information on the presence and/or expression of prs in monocotyledonous plants is scare. here we report the identification of cdna and genomic clones coding for a basic form of a protein from germinating maize seeds having a high homology with the group of pr-1 from tobacco. a cdna library enriched in aleurone-specific sequences was prep ... | 1991 | 1714315 |
| isolation of beauvericin as an insect toxin from fusarium semitectum and fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans. | nonpolar methylene chloride-soluble extracts from the mycelia of fusarium semitectum and fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans were toxic to colorado potato beetles. the major toxic metabolite was isolated and found to be the cyclodepsipeptide, beauvericin. this is the first report of the isolation of beauvericin from the genus fusarium. | 1991 | 1749401 |
| effectiveness of ammonia treatment in detoxification of fumonisin-contaminated corn. | corn throughout the world is frequently contaminated by the fungus fusarium moniliforme, which produces toxic fumonisins. ammonia has been shown to detoxify effectively aflatoxins in corn and cottonseed. since corn can be contaminated by both fumonisins and aflatoxins, we investigated the effects of ammoniation of corn either cultured with or naturally contaminated by f. moniliforme. fumonisin b1 levels in the culture material and in naturally contaminated corn were reduced by 30 and about 45%, ... | 1991 | 1765326 |
| production of fumonisins by fusarium moniliforme strains from various substrates and geographic areas. | strains of fusarium moniliforme from different geographic areas and from corn and other substrates were tested for the ability to produce fumonisins in culture. the test results indicate that the potential exists for production of fumonisins by such strains in agricultural commodities and other substrates in widespread geographic areas. | 1991 | 1768112 |
| the influence of carbon and nitrogen nutrition on fusarin c biosynthesis by fusarium moniliforme. | the influence of various carbon and nitrogen sources on fusarin c synthesis was examined in submerged cultures of fusarium moniliforme nrrl 13616. using a zinc-deficient, synthetic medium, highest levels of fusarin c were produced by cultures grown with urea or ammonium sulfate as the nitrogen source and fructose, sucrose, or glucose as the carbon source. in media supplemented with various concentrations of glucose and ammonium sulfate, glucose concentrations which provided excess carbohydrate s ... | 1991 | 1769527 |
| toxicity of the mycotoxins fumonisins b1 and b2 and alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici toxin (aal) in cultured mammalian cells. | fumonisins b1 and b2 and aal toxin are a series of structurally related mycotoxins. fumonisins b1 and b2, produced by fusarium moniliforme sheldon induce toxic hepatitis and hepatomas in rats and leukoencephalomalacia in horses. the cancer-promotion assay which has been used to guide their purification is slow and consumes large amounts of sample. we have examined a series of cultured mammalian cell lines in order to develop a more rapid and sensitive bioassay system, which may be useful for exa ... | 1991 | 1780003 |
| immunosuppressive effects of fusarium moniliforme corn cultures in chickens. | in the present study, the toxic and immunosuppressive effects of three isolates of fusarium moniliforme (mrc 826, mrc 1069, and rrc 408) in male white leghorn chickens were investigated. chickens were fed diets containing .5, 5.0, or 25% of f. moniliforme corn cultures for 6 wk. about 30% of the chickens fed rrc 408 had leg weakness. relative weights of bursae of fabricius were lower in birds fed all doses of mrc 826. birds fed 5.0 or 25% mrc 1069 had lower relative spleen weights. thymus weight ... | 1991 | 1780260 |
| fate of dna encoding hygromycin resistance after meiosis in transformed strains of gibberella fujikuroi (fusarium moniliforme). | stability of foreign dna transformed into a novel host is an important parameter in decisions to permit the release of genetically engineered microorganisms into the environment. meiotic instability of transformed dna has been reported in fungi such as ascobolus, aspergillus, and neurospora. we used strains of gibberella fujikuroi (fusarium moniliforme) transformed with the hygr gene from escherichia coli to study meiotic stability of foreign dna in this plant pathogenic fungus. crosses with sin ... | 1991 | 1854200 |
| inhibition of sphingolipid biosynthesis by fumonisins. implications for diseases associated with fusarium moniliforme. | culture materials and grains contaminated with certain isolates of fusarium moniliforme cause equine leucoencephalomalacia, porcine pulmonary edema syndrome, and liver cancer in rats. the causative agents are thought to be a family of compounds called fumonisins, which bear considerable structural similarity to the long-chain (sphingoid) base backbones of sphingolipids. incubation of rat hepatocytes with fumonisins inhibited incorporation of [14c]serine into the sphingosine moiety of cellular sp ... | 1991 | 1860857 |
| fumonisin b1 concentrations in feeds from 45 confirmed equine leukoencephalomalacia cases. | during the fall of 1989 and winter of 1990, numerous reports of equine leukoencephalomalacia (elem) occurred from many regions of the united states. typically, horses were consuming feed partially or entirely composed of corn and/or corn screenings. from october 1989 through may 1990, samples from 55 confirmed or suspected elem cases were received at the national veterinary services laboratories, ames, iowa, for fumonisin b1 analysis. samples from 9 cases in 1984-1985 were also obtained. fumonis ... | 1991 | 1911996 |
| differential cytotoxicity and mycotoxin content among isolates of fusarium moniliforme. | ten different isolates of the common corn fungus, fusarium moniliforme, were cultured on corn, and the production by the isolates of two important mycotoxins, fusarin c and fumonisin b1, was compared. additionally, both aqueous and organic extracts of the cultures were tested for cytotoxicity to rat primary hepatocytes by measuring the effects of three dose levels on the ability of the cells to take up valine and to cause the release of the cytoplasmic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase. the fungal i ... | 1991 | 1922268 |
| effects of fusarium moniliforme and corn associated with equine leukoencephalomalacia on rat neurotransmitters and metabolites. | fusarium moniliforme (fm) is associated with equine leukoencephalomalacia (elem) and hepatotoxicities in horses and rats. the neurochemical effects of elem-associated corn naturally infected with fm and fm strain mrc 826 were studied in rats. increases in brain 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hiaa, major metabolite of serotonin, 5-ht) and 5-hiaa/5-ht ratios were observed in rats fed the elem-fm corn. these rats had reduced body weights (17%, p less than 0.01) and increased brain weight/body weight ... | 1990 | 1972578 |
| clinical and epidemiologic features of an epizootic of equine leukoencephalomalacia. | a herd of 15 mature riding horses with a history of anorexia, weight loss, and lethargy was examined. the animals had been fed a 50/50 mixture of commercial sweet feed and corn screenings contaminated with a heavy growth of fusarium moniliforme. thirteen of the horses had one or more neurologic signs. the most characteristic signs were profound depression and mild ataxia. over the 19-day course of the epizootic, the horses had increasing severe neurologic deficits, including unilateral blindness ... | 1991 | 1995569 |
| decreased immune response and increased incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia caused by fusaria grown on sterile corn. | corn, feed, and litter samples reported to be associated with feed refusal, diarrhea, leg weakness, and mortality were evaluated for the presence of toxic substances. intubated residues of ethyl acetate extracts of these samples did not cause gross lesions, diarrhea, or mortality in young new hampshire x single comb white leghorn crossbred chicks. fusarium moniliforme was the predominant fungal species found in unpelleted feed and corn samples. young broiler chicks, fed diets supplemented with 2 ... | 1991 | 2027835 |
| survey of fumonisin production by fusarium species. | fumonisins b1 (fb1) and b2 (fb2), two structurally related mycotoxins with cancer-promoting activity, were recently isolated from corn cultures of fusarium moniliforme mrc 826. these toxins have been reported to be produced also by isolates of f. proliferatum. contamination of foods and feeds by f. moniliforme has been associated with human esophageal cancer risk, and fb1 has been shown to be the causative agent of the neurotoxic disease leukoencephalomalacia in horses. because of the toxicologi ... | 1991 | 2059033 |
| fungi of virgin and cultivated soil of salhiah desert, egypt. | 27 species and 13 genera of fungi were identified from virgin and cultivated soil of salhiah. the most abundant species of phosphate solubilizing fungi were aspergillus nidulans, a. niger, a flavus, penicillium lilacinum, p. frequentans and fusarium moniliforme. on cellulose agar the most prevalent species were chaetomium bostrychodes, c. olivaceum, humicola fuscoatra, aspergillus flavus, a. nidulans, a. niger, a. ochraceus, fusarium solani and f. oxysporum. on xylan agar aspergillus fumigatus, ... | 1990 | 2077791 |
| toxins from fusarium moniliforme, a common fungus in corn. | | 1990 | 2092406 |
| pulmonary edema and hydrothorax in swine produced by fumonisin b1, a toxic metabolite of fusarium moniliforme. | pulmonary edema and hydrothorax were observed in mature swine that died approximately 5 days after consuming corn screenings. these postmortem observations were reproduced in younger swine (16-24 kg) that died within 1 week when fed the corn screenings under experimental conditions. additionally, pulmonary edema and hydrothorax occurred in a pig (7.1 kg) that died after receiving 4 daily intravenous injections of fumonisin b1. a fungus was isolated from the corn screenings that is identical to f ... | 1990 | 2094448 |
| infection with fusarium species in two children with neuroblastoma. | two cases of fusarium infection in children with neuroblastoma are reported. one of the patients had an overwhelming infection and the diagnosis was based on isolation of fusarium moniliforme from blood and skin biopsy, and histological findings. the second patient developed chronic polyarthritis and fusarium solani was cultured from synovial fluid samples taken from two different joints four months apart. no histological documentation of infection was obtained. the response to antifungal therap ... | 1990 | 2148147 |
| biological and chemical characterization of metabolites of fusarium moniliforme isolates. | metabolites of fusarium moniliforme isolates from different types of corn were characterized biologically and chemically. the biological assays included rat feeding, rat dermal tests and inoculation of embryonated eggs. thin-layer chromatography, gas liquid chromatography, and mass spectrophotometry were used to isolate and determine their chemical identities. the metabolites were identified as diacetoxyscripenol, ipomeanol, ipomeanine and diplodiatoxin. the biological tests revealed significant ... | 1990 | 2148238 |
| fungal flora associated with combine harvester wheat and sorghum dusts from egypt. | 107 species and 8 species varieties belonging to 44 genera were collected from combine harvester wheat and sorghum dusts (35 genera and 91 species + 4 varieties) and from the atmosphere of their hay sites (26 genera and 69 species + 4 varieties) on glucose- and cellulose-czapek's dox agar at 28 degrees c and 45 degrees c. the mycoflora of wheat and sorghum dusts were basically similar on the two types of media and the most common fungi were: alternaria alternata, aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus ... | 1990 | 2266490 |
| production of fumonisins by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum isolates associated with equine leukoencephalomalacia and a pulmonary edema syndrome in swine. | fumonisin b1 (fb1) and fb2 were isolated from corn cultures of both fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum. respective concentrations in culture materials of fb1 and fb2 ranged from 960 to 2,350 and 120 to 320 micrograms/g for f. moniliforme and from 1,670 to 2,790 and 150 to 320 micrograms/g for f. proliferatum. thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, and liquid secondary ion mass spectroscopy were used for detection. fumo ... | 1990 | 2285324 |
| comparative studies of hepatotoxicity and fumonisin b1 and b2 content of water and chloroform/methanol extracts of fusarium moniliforme strain mrc 826 culture material. | fusarium moniliforme has been associated with several diseases including equine leukoencephalomalacia, human esophageal cancer and hepatotoxicity/hepatocarcinogenicity in laboratory animals. the potential health risks to animals and humans posed by f. moniliforme contaminated grains cannot be assessed until the toxins are identified and toxicologically evaluated. as part of a systematic approach to identifying the hepatotoxins produced by f. moniliforme, diets containing aqueous and chloroform/m ... | 1990 | 2293036 |
| absence of trichothecenes in toxigenic isolates of fusarium moniliforme. | thirty-four isolates of fusarium moniliforme were obtained from cereal grains collected in various parts of the world. the isolates were grown on rice and tested as a diet for toxicity to rats. of these isolates, 53% caused death, 12% caused congestion and hemorrhage of the stomach and intestine as well as hematuria, 21% caused diarrhea, 38% caused weight loss, and 9% were nontoxic. the cultures were tested to t-2, ht-2, neosolaniol, acetyl-t-2, t-2-tetraol, iso-t-2, diacetoxyscirpenol, monoacet ... | 1990 | 2306091 |
| inhibition of protein synthesis in rat primary hepatocytes by extracts of fusarium moniliforme-contaminated corn. | mycological screening of two separate lots of corn samples that caused field cases of equine leukoencephalomalacia (elem) revealed heavy contamination with the fungus fusarium moniliforme. neutral and acidic fractions of a chloroform-methanol (1:1, v/v) extract of the corn were evaluated for toxicity using rat primary hepatocytes. the extracts had little effect on the release of lactate dehydrogenase from the hepatocytes, and were without effect on unscheduled dna synthesis, indicating low cell ... | 1990 | 2341093 |
| infarction of the pons and medulla oblongata caused by arteriolar thrombosis in a horse. | infarction of the pons and rostral medulla secondary to arteriolar thrombosis was documented histologically in a 17-year-old mixed-arabian female horse. clinically, the animal experienced a sudden onset of a head tilt and subsequent non-controllable seizures. there was no historical, clinical or histological evidence to suggest the presence of infection of equine herpesvirus-1 or the feeding of corn contaminated by fusarium moniliforme. | 1990 | 2364707 |
| effects of temperature and incubation period on production of fumonisin b1 by fusarium moniliforme. | the kinetics of the production of fumonisin b1 (fb1) by fusarium moniliforme mrc 826 in corn cultures was investigated as a function of fungal growth at various incubation temperatures. the growth rate of f. moniliforme, as measured by ergosterol concentration, was higher at 25 degrees c than at 20 degrees c, reaching a stationary phase after 4 to 6 weeks in both cases. fb1 production commenced after 2 weeks during the active growth phase, continued to increase during the stationary phase, and d ... | 1990 | 2383011 |
| occurrence of zoosporic and terrestrial fungi in some ponds of kharga oases, egypt. | thirty-nine species belonging to 13 genera of zoosporic fungi were collected from 33 water samples on sesame and hemp seeds as baits at 22 degrees c. five genera were isolated in high occurrence: allomyces (2 species), achlya (9 species), dictyuchus (4 species), pythium (5 species) and saprolegnia (5 species). aphanomyces (4 species) and isoachlya (2 species) were of moderate frequencies. the remaining six genera were less frequent: anisolpidium, brevilegnia, calyptralegnia, leptolegnia, pythiop ... | 1990 | 2384873 |
| septic arthritis due to fusarium moniliforme. | | 1990 | 2385773 |
| production of fumonisin b1 by fusarium moniliforme nrrl 13616 in submerged culture. | fumonisin b1, a recently discovered mycotoxin, was synthesized by submerged cultures of fusarium moniliforme nrrl 13616 grown for 29 days at 28 degrees c and 220 rpm in a basal salts medium (ph 5.0) supplemented with 90 g of glucose per liter and 3.5 g of ammonium sulfate per liter. under these culture conditions, 74 +/- 23 micrograms of fumonisin b1 per ml was produced by 29-day-old f. moniliforme nrrl 13616 cultures. fumonisin b1 was detected in liquid culture extracts by high-performance thin ... | 1990 | 2403248 |
| metabolism of fusarin c by rat liver microsomes. role of esterase and cytochrome p-450 enzymes with respect to the mutagenicity of fusarin c in salmonella typhimurium. | fusarin c (fc) is a potent mutagen present on fusarium moniliforme contaminated corn. this compound requires metabolic activation for which microsomes from phenobarbital-induced rats are most effective. inhibition of the simultaneously induced esterase activity, which produced a less mutagenic metabolite, doubled the mutagenicity of fc. carbon monoxide inhibited the mutagenicity of fc, suggesting the involvement of a heme containing enzyme. however, monoclonal antibodies specific for the phenoba ... | 1989 | 2512928 |
| production of deoxynivalenol by fusarium isolates from samples of wheat associated with a human mycotoxicosis outbreak and from sorghum cultivars. | fusarium isolates from specific diseased sorghum plants and rain-soaked wheat and wheat flour associated with human mycotoxicosis in india have been screened for their toxigenic potential. of the 322 isolates screened, 11 isolates were found to produce deoxynivalenol in concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 186 micrograms g-1. the occurrence of deoxynivalenol-producing fusaria in a nontemperate region and deoxynivalenol production in low concentrations by fusarium moniliforme are reported for the ... | 1989 | 2604400 |
| fusarium moniliforme keratitis. | we report a case of keratomycosis from which fusarium moniliforme was isolated. after initial therapy without improvement, antifungal testing showed susceptibility to cyclopiroxolamine. after changing to this treatment the infection improved and an eventual healing took place with moderate corneal scarring. | 1989 | 2618640 |
| fungal flora of poultry feedstuff ingredients. | one hundred and ten samples representing five types of poultry feed ingredients were mycologically examined. these samples included soybean meal, ground maize, cotton-seed cake, wheat bran and fish meal (22 samples each). among the 73 mesophilic fungal species, aspergillus flavus, a. niger and a. fumigatus were the most dominant. a. terreus, a. flavipes, mucor circinelloides, scopulariopsis brevicaulis, penicillium chrysogenum, fusarium moniliforme and rhizopus stolonifer were found to be common ... | 1989 | 2621568 |