| serologic and parasitologic survey of the endangered attwater's prairie chicken. | because conservation biologists have postulated that infectious diseases may have potentiated the endangerment of the attwater's prairie chicken (tympanuchus cupido attwateri), free-living prairie chickens were surveyed from all remaining populations for helminthic endoparasites and antibody against the etiological agents of nine infectious diseases. samples from 4 of 27 adult males were positive for anti-pasteurella multocida antibody. all other serologic tests were negative (n = 19). we identi ... | 1998 | 9476235 |
| northern bobwhites as disease indicators for the endangered attwater's prairie chicken. | because of limited access to the endangered attwater's prairie chicken (tympanuchus cupido attwateri), we used a related species, the northern bobwhite (colinus virginianus), as a surrogate for disease evaluation. free-living northern bobwhites (n = 62) on the attwater prairie chicken national wildlife refuge (near eagle lake, texas, usa) were examined during spring and fall 1993 for helminthic endoparasites and specific antibodies against the infectious agents responsible for nine infectious di ... | 1998 | 9577783 |
| reticuloendotheliosis in captive greater and attwater's prairie chickens. | reticuloendotheliosis in captive greater (tympanuchus cupido pinnatus) and attwater's (t. cupido attwateri) prairie chickens is reported for the first time. between september 1993 and august 1994, two adult female wild-caught greater prairie chickens housed at texas a&m university (college station, texas, usa) were observed with multiple subcutaneous nodules. both birds were euthanatized. complete necropsy examinations revealed lesions limited to the skin of each bird. histopathologic examinatio ... | 1998 | 9813849 |
| hematology and serum biochemistry values of captive attwater's prairie chickens (tympanuchus cupido attwateri). | hematology and serum biochemistry values are reported for 33 attwater's prairie chickens (tympanuchus cupido attwateri) that were captive-reared at the san antonio zoo as part of a federal reintroduction program in texas. hematologic values include packed cell volume, and total and differential white blood cell counts. the biochemical values include concentrations of serum calcium, total protein, albumin, phosphorus, glucose, uric acid, and cholesterol. mathematic computation of globulin concent ... | 2002 | 12398300 |
| causes of mortality in captive attwater's prairie chickens (tympanuchus cupido attwateri) at the san antonio zoo, 1997-2000. | necropsy records for 102 attwater's prairie chickens (tympanuchus cupido attwateri) that had been captive-reared and had died at the san antonio zoo over a 4-yr period were evaluated to determine the causes of mortality. gross necropsy, histopathology, and bacterial culture findings are summarized. mortality was highest in young birds (<6 mo) and embryos. husbandry- and gastrointestinal-related diseases were the most common causes of mortality. | 2002 | 12462490 |
| the use of flow cytometry to discriminate avian lymphocytes from contaminating thrombocytes. | evaluation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) in avian species by flow cytometry is complicated by the presence of large numbers of nucleated thrombocytes. with light scattering properties similar to those of lymphocytes, variations in the proportion of thrombocytes in pbmc can result in apparent shifts in percentages of lymphocyte subpopulations. we have applied a dual-labeling procedure for flow cytometric analyses to exclude thrombocytes from the analyzed population by labeling with ... | 2006 | 16360205 |
| phylogenetic analyses indicate little variation among reticuloendotheliosis viruses infecting avian species, including the endangered attwater's prairie chicken. | reticuloendotheliosis virus infection, which typically causes systemic lymphomas and high mortality in the endangered attwater's prairie chicken, has been described as a major obstacle in repopulation efforts of captive breeding facilities in texas. although antigenic relationships among reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) strains have been previously determined, phylogenetic relationships have not been reported. the pol and env of rev proviral dna from prairie chickens (pc-r92 and pc-2404), from ... | 2006 | 16497405 |
| full genome sequence and some biological properties of reticuloendotheliosis virus strain apc-566 isolated from endangered attwater's prairie chickens. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes runting, high mortality, immunosuppression, and chronic neoplasia associated with t and/or b cell lymphomas in a variety of domestic and wild birds, including attwater's prairie chickens (apc) (tympanuchus cupido attwateri). the complete proviral sequence of a recent rev isolate from apc (rev apc-566) was determined. this virus was isolated from an apc maintained in captivity in a reproduction program intended to avoid its extinction. rev apc-566 was dete ... | 2007 | 17098316 |
| enzootic reticuloendotheliosis in the endangered attwater's and greater prairie chickens. | reticuloendotheliosis (re) in captive greater prairie chickens (gpc, tympanuchus cupido pinnatus) and attwater's prairie chickens (apc, tympanuchus cupido attwateri) was first reported in 1998. re is caused by avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), an oncogenic and immunosuppressive retrovirus infecting multiple species of wild and domestic birds. during august 2004 through may 2006 a captive population of prairie chickens was affected simultaneously with a neoplastic condition and also avian ... | 2006 | 17274288 |
| experimental infection of attwater's/greater prairie chicken hybrids with the reticuloendotheliosis virus. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), a common pathogen of poultry, has been associated with runting and neoplasia in an endangered subspecies of grouse, the attwater's prairie chicken. the pathogenesis of rev infection was examined in experimentally infected prairie chickens. three groups of four attwater's/greater prairie chicken hybrids were infected intravenously with varying doses (tissue culture infective dose [tcid50], 200, 1000, and 5000) of a prairie chicken-isolated rev. a fourth group of ... | 2006 | 17274303 |
| pathogenicity and transmission of reticuloendotheliosis virus isolated from endangered prairie chickens. | the pathogenicity and transmission of a field isolate of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) was studied using an experimental model in japanese quail. oncogenicity was also evaluated after inoculations in chickens and turkeys. the original rev (designated apc-566) was isolated from attwater's prairie chickens (tympanuchus cupido attwateri), an endangered wild avian species of the southern united states. the transmissibility of the rev isolate was studied in young naive japanese quail in contact w ... | 2007 | 17461264 |
| antibody response of five bird species after vaccination with a killed west nile virus vaccine. | west nile virus has been associated with numerous bird mortalities in the united states since 1999. five avian species at three zoological parks were selected to assess the antibody response to vaccination for west nile virus: black-footed penguins (spheniscus demersus), little blue penguins (eudyptula minor), american flamingos (phoenicopterus ruber), chilean flamingos (phoenicopterus chilensis), and attwater's prairie chickens (tympanuchus cupido attwateri). all birds were vaccinated intramusc ... | 2007 | 17679507 |
| attacks on the endangered attwater's prairie-chicken (tympanuchus cupido attwateri) by black flies (diptera: simuliidae) infected with an avian blood parasite. | with fewer than 50 birds remaining in the wild, attwater's prairie-chicken (tympanuchus cupido attwateri) is critically endangered. individuals of this species on the attwater prairie chicken national wildlife refuge, colorado co., tx, have been attacked in successive winters, 2005-2006, by the blood-feeding black fly cnephia ornithophilia. attwater's prairie-chicken is a previously unreported host for cnephia ornithophilia. molecular screening indicated that about 15% of 13 blood-fed flies samp ... | 2007 | 18260522 |
| recent range expansion and divergence among north american prairie grouse. | prairie grouse (genus: tympanuchus) once existed throughout much of north america but have recently experienced significant population declines, isolation, and extinction. in previous molecular studies, contrasting patterns or an unresolved polytomy among tympanuchus taxa (tympanuchus phasianellus, tympanuchus pallidicinctus, and tympanuchus cupido) have resulted from traditional phylogenetic methods. as an alternative approach, the timing of expansion and the demographic processes that may have ... | 2008 | 18283050 |
| isolation, identification, and complete genome sequence of an avian reticuloendotheliosis virus isolated from geese. | naturally occurring lymphoreticular tumors in geese have been found from time to time in taiwan, but their etiology has not been determined except through morphological descriptions. this study observed a reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection occurring in a white roman goose (anser anser) farm in yunlin, taiwan in 2006. these geese showed growth-retarded and nodular lymphoma-like tumors in the liver, lung, kidney, and pancreas. thirty blood samples were taken for rev detection and 21 (70%) ... | 2009 | 19131189 |
| an avian, oncogenic retrovirus replicates in vivo in more than 50% of cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes from an endangered grouse. | reoccurring infection of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), an avian oncogenic retrovirus, has been a major obstacle in attempts to breed and release an endangered grouse, the attwater's prairie chicken (tympanicus cupido attwateri). rev infection of these birds in breeding facilities was found to result in significant decreases in the cd4(+) and increases in the cd8(+) lymphocyte populations, although experimental infection of birds resulted in only increases in the cd8(+) lymphocytes. because ... | 2009 | 19237181 |
| eimeria attwateri n. sp. (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from endangered attwater's prairie-chickens (tympanuchus cupido attwateri) in texas, usa. | abstract the attwater's prairie-chicken (apc; tympanuchus cupido attwateri bendire 1894) has been a federally listed endangered species since 1967. several captive propagation programs consisting of small populations are being used to keep this species from extinction. fecal samples were collected from apcs in april 2007 and again in august 2008 from two separate captive propagation facilities in texas after clinical signs of coccidiosis were observed. one eimeria species was observed, which we ... | 2011 | 21506827 |
| a dna vaccine expressing env and gag offers partial protection against reticuloendotheliosis virus in the prairie chicken (tympanicus cupido). | recurring infection of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), an avian oncogenic gammaretrovirus, has been a major obstacle in attempts to breed and release the endangered attwater's prairie chicken (tympanicus cupido attwateri). the aim of this study was to develop a dna vaccine that protects the birds against rev infection. a plasmid was constructed expressing fusion proteins of rev envelope (env) and vp22 of gallid herpesvirus 2 or rev gag and vp22. birds vaccinated with these recombinant plasmid ... | 2013 | 23805542 |
| wild birds, a source of reticuloendotheliosis virus infection for the endangered attwater's prairie-chicken ( tympanuchus cupido attwateri)? | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infects a wide range of avian species. since 1998, when it was first reported in a captive flock of the endangered attwater's prairie-chicken ( tympanuchus cupido attwateri; apc), rev has plagued apc recovery efforts. while rev frequently occurs in captive bird flocks throughout the world, including commercial poultry, the reservoir for initial infection of flocks is poorly understood. from 2008-2016, 412 blood samples and 216 liver samples collected from 32 spe ... | 2017 | 28192047 |
| spatial microbial composition along the gastrointestinal tract of captive attwater's prairie chicken. | gastrointestinal microbiota is increasingly recognized as an important component of individual health, and therefore, our ability to quantify its diversity accurately is central for exploring different ways to improve health. non-invasive sampling methods, such as cloaca swabs, are often used to measure gastrointestinal microbiota diversity within an individual. however, few studies have addressed to what degree differences exist in microbial community composition along the gastrointestinal trac ... | 2017 | 27752719 |
| specific alleles at immune genes, rather than genome-wide heterozygosity, are related to immunity and survival in the critically endangered attwater's prairie-chicken. | the negative effects of inbreeding on fitness are serious concerns for populations of endangered species. reduced fitness has been associated with lower genome-wide heterozygosity and immune gene diversity in the wild; however, it is rare that both types of genetic measures are included in the same study. thus, it is often unclear whether the variation in fitness is due to the general effects of inbreeding, immunity-related genes or both. here, we tested whether genome-wide heterozygosity (20 99 ... | 2016 | 27485035 |
| indirect effects of red imported fire ants on attwater's prairie-chicken brood survival. | the invasive red imported fire ant (solenopsis invicta) has negatively affected a host of taxonomic groups throughout its acquired north american range. many studies have hypothesized indirect trophic impacts, but few documented those impacts. we evaluated invertebrate abundance as a factor limiting juvenile survival of the endangered attwater's prairie-chicken (tympanuchus cupido attwateri), and whether fire ants reduce invertebrate numbers and biomass. from 2009-2013, we monitored survival of ... | 2015 | 26900176 |
| a comparison of pedigree- and dna-based measures for identifying inbreeding depression in the critically endangered attwater's prairie-chicken. | the primary goal of captive breeding programmes for endangered species is to prevent extinction, a component of which includes the preservation of genetic diversity and avoidance of inbreeding. this is typically accomplished by minimizing mean kinship in the population, thereby maintaining equal representation of the genetic founders used to initiate the captive population. if errors in the pedigree do exist, such an approach becomes less effective for minimizing inbreeding depression. in this s ... | 2013 | 24118220 |