| novel antimicrobial peptides from the venom of the eusocial bee halictus sexcinctus (hymenoptera: halictidae) and their analogs. | two novel antimicrobial peptides, named halictines, were isolated from the venom of the eusocial bee halictus sexcinctus. their primary sequences were established by esi-qtof mass spectrometry, edman degradation and enzymatic digestion as gly-met-trp-ser-lys-ile-leu-gly-his-leu-ile-arg-nh2 (hal-1), and gly-lys-trp-met-ser-leu-leu-lys-his-ile-leu-lys-nh2 (hal-2). both peptides exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria but also noticeable hemolytic ac ... | 2010 | 20198492 |
| lipopolysaccharide induces amyloid formation of antimicrobial peptide hal-2. | lipopolysaccharide (lps), the important component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, contributes to the integrity of the outer membrane and protects the cell against bactericidal agents, including antimicrobial peptides. however, the mechanisms of interaction between antimicrobial peptides and lps are not clearly understood. halictines-2 (hal-2), one of the novel antimicrobial peptides, was isolated from the venom of the eusocial bee halictus sexcinctus. hal-2 has exhibited potent ... | 2014 | 25109934 |
| a novel social polymorphism in a primitively eusocial bee. | halictine sweat bees (hymenoptera, halictidae) are model organisms for the evolution of altruism, reproductive castes, and eusocial colony organization. halictine social behavior is not only extremely variable, but also ecologically and evolutionarily labile. among social species, colony social organization ranges from communal societies of egalitarian females to eusocial and semisocial ones with reproductive queens and more or less sterile workers. a striking aspect of halictine social variatio ... | 2003 | 12777629 |