| development of leishmania major in phlebotomus duboscqi and sergentomyia schwetzi (diptera: psychodidae). | the extrinsic development of leishmania major was observed in 2 man-biting sand flies, phlebotomus duboscqi, a known vector, and sergentomyia schwetzi, an assumed non-vector. flies fed on a leishmanial lesion on the nose of a hamster were examined for infection at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 60 hr and at approximately 24 hr intervals from day 3 to day 14 post-feeding. infection rates, determined by light microscopy, were 47% (n = 258) in p. duboscqi and 5% (n = 162) in s. schwetzi. transformat ... | 1990 | 2382763 |
| new phlebotomine sand fly colonies: rearing phlebotomus martini, sergentomyia schwetzi, and sergentomyia africana (diptera: psychodidae). | | 1983 | 6644755 |
| the roles of phlebotomus martini and p.celiae (diptera: phlebotominae) as vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in the aba roba focus, southern ethiopia. | during field studies (december 1988 to april 1990) to determine the vectors of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in the aba roba (segen valley) focus of southern ethiopia, a total of 40,770 sandflies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) were collected and identified as six species of phlebotomus and seventeen sergentomyia spp. nine of these species were anthropophilic (four phlebotomus and five sergentomyia spp.), the dominant being phlebotomus (synphlebotomus) martini, p.(s.)celiae and sergen ... | 1996 | 8834743 |
| phlebotomine sand fly control using bait-fed adults to carry the larvicide bacillus sphaericus to the larval habitat. | sugar meals of plant origin are an important component of the sand fly diet. we show that sugar solution baits have potential as vehicles for phlebotomine sand fly control. in the laboratory, adult phlebotomus duboscqi neveu-lemaire and sergentomyia schwetzi (adler, theodor, and parrot) that have consumed an aqueous sucrose solution containing bacillus sphaericus neide toxins and are subsequently eaten by larvae produce significant larval death (p < 0.01). in the field, when vegetation near anim ... | 1997 | 9249650 |
| [interepidemic supervision of the leishmania focus of keur moussa (thies, senegal)]. | a supervision of the focus of human cutaneous leishmaniasis of keur moussa has been carried out in 1988-1989 and in 1991-1992. among the 13 species gathering the 10,144 phlebotomine sandflies trapped, two belong to genus phlebotomus, the others to genus sergentomyia. phlebotomus duboscqi, that has been found out by deded et al. in 1980 as the vector of this leishmaniasis in senegal, is the most represented species after sergentomyia schwetzi, with respectively 32.3 and 28.5% of the found during ... | 1998 | 9754297 |
| cuticular hydrocarbon composition analysis for taxonomic differentiation of phlebotomine sandfly species (diptera: psychodidae) in kenya. | gas chromatographic patterns of cuticular hydrocarbon composition were analyzed for 9 sandfly species, including phlebotomus (larroussius) aculeatus lewis, minter & ashford [syn. p. (l.) elgonensis ngoka, madel & mutinga], p. (sensu stricto) duboscqi neveu-lemaire, p. (synphlebotomus) martini parrot, p. pedifer (larroussius) lewis, mutinga & ashford, sergentomiya (parrotomyia) africanus newstead, s. (sergentomyia) antennatus newstead, s. (spelacomyia) garnhami heisch, giggisberg & teedale, s. (r ... | 1998 | 9775608 |
| bacillus sphaericus inhibits hatching of phlebotomine sand fly eggs. | the effect of bacillus sphaericus, at various concentrations, on hatching of phlebotomine sand fly eggs was examined using laboratory bioassays. aqueous suspensions of b. sphaericus, strain 2362, inhibited hatching of eggs of phlebotomus duboscqi and sergentomyia schwetzi by 95% at concentrations as low as 0.05 and 0.11 mg/cm2, respectively. in contrast, b. sphaericus did not affect the ability of pupae to emerge as adults. | 1998 | 9813835 |
| laboratory transmission of rift valley fever virus by phlebotomus duboscqi, phlebotomus papatasi, phlebotomus sergenti, and sergentomyia schwetzi (diptera: psychodidae). | we examined the potential for phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli), phlebotomus duboscqi (neveu-lemarie), phlebotomus sergenti (parrot), and sergentomyia schwetzi (adler, theodor, & parrot) to transmit rift valley fever (rvf) virus. after feeding on hamsters that had been inoculated with rvf virus, p. papatasi, p. sergenti, and s. schwetzi became infected and developed disseminated infections. all p. papatasi and p. duboscqi inoculated with rvf virus developed high-titer infections. in contrast, only ... | 2000 | 15535589 |
| abundances and nocturnal activities of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) in termite hills and animal burrows in baringo district, kenya. | the abundance of phlebotomine sandflies was studied in a leishmaniasis endemic area in baringo district, rift valley province, kenya. this was based on sandfly behaviors at night in their natural habitats of termite hills and animal burrows. sandflies were collected with an entry-exit trap which has a sieve fixed at the middle to control sandfly movements. flies were trapped from 1800-0600 hours. phlebotomus martini (parrot) were significantly more abundant in termite hills than in animal burrow ... | 1998 | 17580991 |
| prevalence of antibodies against rift valley fever virus in kenyan wildlife. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is an arbovirus associated with periodic outbreaks, mostly on the african continent, of febrile disease accompanied by abortion in livestock, and a severe, fatal haemorrhagic syndrome in humans. however, the maintenance of the virus during the inter-epidemic period (iep) when there is low or no disease activity detected in livestock or humans has not been determined. this study report prevalence of rvfv-neutralizing antibodies in sera (n=896) collected from 16 keny ... | 2008 | 17988425 |
| discovery of diurnal resting sites of phlebotomine sand flies in a village in southern egypt. | in an attempt to find diurnal resting sites of adult phlebotomine sand flies, potential phlebotomine adult habitats were aspirated in the village of bahrif in aswan, egypt. during this survey, sand flies were aspirated from low (30-45 cm high) irregular piles of mud bricks found under high date palm canopies between the village and the nile river. there were 5 males and 7 females of phlebotomus papatasi and 3 males of sergentomyia schwetzi. six of the 7 aspirated females were engorged with blood ... | 2008 | 19181074 |
| peritrophic matrix of phlebotomus duboscqi and its kinetics during leishmania major development. | light microscopy of native preparations, histology, and electron microscopy have revealed that phlebotomus duboscqi belongs to a class of sand fly species with prompt development of the peritrophic matrix (pm). secretion of electron-lucent fibrils, presumably chitin, starts immediately after the ingestion of a blood meal and, about 6 h later, is followed by secretion of amorphous electron-dense components, presumably proteins and glycoproteins. the pm matures in less than 12 h and consists of a ... | 2009 | 19471970 |
| ecology of phlebotomine sand flies in the rural community of mont rolland (thiès region, senegal): area of transmission of canine leishmaniasis. | different epidemiological studies previously indicated that canine leishmaniasis is present in the region of thiès (senegal). however, the risks to human health, the transmission cycle and particularly the implicated vectors are unknown. | 2011 | 21445295 |
| seasonality and prevalence of leishmania major infection in phlebotomus duboscqi neveu-lemaire from two neighboring villages in central mali. | phlebotomus duboscqi is the principle vector of leishmania major, the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), in west africa and is the suspected vector in mali. although found throughout the country the seasonality and infection prevalence of p. duboscqi has not been established in mali. we conducted a three year study in two neighboring villages, kemena and sougoula, in central mali, an area with a leishmanin skin test positivity of up to 45%. during the first year, we evaluated the o ... | 2011 | 21572984 |
| a possible role for phlebotmus (anaphlebotmous) rodhaini (parrot 1930) in transmission of leishmania donovani. | abstract: background: visceral leishmaniasis (vl, kala azar), caused by leishmania donovani is a major health problem in sudan and other east african countries. in this region the only proven vectors of l. donovani are phlebotomus orientalis in eastern sudan, ethiopia and upper nile areas of southern sudan and phlebotomus martini in ethiopia, kenya and southern sudan. in this report, we present the first evidence that phlebotomus rodhaini may also play a role in maintaining transmission of l. d ... | 2011 | 22188864 |
| comparison of three carbon dioxide sources on phlebotomine sand fly capture in egypt. | lighted centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) light traps were baited with carbon dioxide (co2) produced from three different sources to compare the efficacy of each in collecting phlebotomine sand flies in bahrif village, aswan governorate, egypt. treatments consisted of compressed co2 gas released at a rate of 250 ml/min, 1.5 kg of dry ice (replaced daily) sublimating from an insulated plastic container, co2 gas produced from a prototype fastgas (fg) co2 generator system (aptiv inc. ... | 2011 | 21936325 |
| first detection of leishmania major dna in sergentomyia (spelaeomyia) darlingi from cutaneous leishmaniasis foci in mali. | leishmania major complex is the main causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) in the old world. phlebotomus papatasi and phlebotomus duboscqi are recognized vectors of l. major complex in northern and southern sahara, respectively. in mali, zcl due to l. major is an emerging public health problem, with several cases reported from different parts of the country. the main objective of the present study was to identify the vectors of leishmania major in the bandiagara area, in mali ... | 2012 | 22276095 |
| proceedings of the ix international symposium on phlebotomine sandflies (isops ix), reims, france, june 28th-july 1st, 2016. | | 2016 | 27677701 |
| transmission of leishmania infantum in the canine leishmaniasis focus of mont-rolland, senegal: ecological, parasitological and molecular evidence for a possible role of sergentomyia sand flies. | leishmania (l.) infantum is the causative agent in an endemic focus of canine leishmaniasis in the mont-rolland district (thiès, senegal). in this area, the transmission cycle is well established and more than 30% of dogs and 20% of humans are seropositive for l. infantum. however, the sand fly species involved in l. infantum transmission cycle are still unknown. between 2007 and 2010, 3654 sand flies were collected from different environments (indoor, peridomestic, farming and sylvatic areas) t ... | 2016 | 27806051 |
| a molecular study of the genus spelaeomyia (diptera: phlebotominae) with description of the male of spelaeomyia moucheti. | the genus spelaeomyia includes four african species considered as being cavernicolous: spelaeomyia darlingi, spelaeomyia mirabilis, spelaeomyia emilii and spelaeomyia moucheti. despite a potential role in leishmania major leishmaniasis transmission in mali, no molecular studies and only few morphological studies have addressed relationships between species of spelaeomyia. | 2016 | 27357585 |
| recombinant salivary proteins of phlebotomus orientalis are suitable antigens to measure exposure of domestic animals to sand fly bites. | certain salivary proteins of phlebotomine sand flies injected into the host skin during blood-feeding are highly antigenic and elicit strong antibody-mediated immune responses in repeatedly-exposed hosts. these antibodies can be measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assays (elisas) using salivary gland homogenates (sghs) as the source of antigens and serve as a markers for exposure to biting sand flies. large-scale screening for anti-sand fly saliva antibodies requires replacement of sgh with ... | 2016 | 26986566 |
| exposure to leishmania spp. and sand flies in domestic animals in northwestern ethiopia. | human visceral leishmaniasis caused by leishmania donovani is considered an anthroponosis; however, leishmania-infected animals have been increasingly reported in l. donovani foci, and the role of these animals as reservoirs for human l. donovani infection remains unclear. | 2015 | 26152578 |
| comparison of bloodmeal digestion and the peritrophic matrix in four sand fly species differing in susceptibility to leishmania donovani. | the early stage of leishmania development in sand flies is closely connected with bloodmeal digestion. here we compared various parameters of bloodmeal digestion in sand flies that are either susceptible (phlebotomus argentipes and p. orientalis) or refractory (p. papatasi and sergentomyia schwetzi) to leishmania donovani, to study the effects on vector competence. the volume of the bloodmeal ingested, time of defecation of bloodmeal remnants, timing of formation and degradation of the peritroph ... | 2015 | 26030610 |
| nocturnal periodicity of phlebotomus (larroussius) orientalis (diptera: psychodidae) in an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in northern ethiopia. | phlebotomus orientalis is the major vector of the intramacrophage protozoa, leishmania donovani, the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in northern ethiopia and sudan. the objective of this study was to determine the nocturnal periodicity of p. orientalis in the vl endemic focus of tahtay adiyabo district, northern ethiopia. | 2015 | 25889314 |
| limits of a rapid identification of common mediterranean sandflies using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. | a total of 131 phlebotomine algerian sandflies have been processed in the present study. they belong to the species phlebotomus bergeroti, phlebotomus alexandri, phlebotomus sergenti, phlebotomus chabaudi, phlebotomus riouxi, phlebotomus perniciosus, phlebotomus longicuspis, phlebotomus perfiliewi, phlebotomus ariasi, phlebotomus chadlii, sergentomyia fallax, sergentomyia minuta, sergentomyia antennata, sergentomyia schwetzi, sergentomyia clydei, sergentomyia christophersi and grassomyia dreyfus ... | 2014 | 24936911 |
| attraction of ethiopian phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) to light and sugar-yeast mixtures (co(2)). | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) known as kala-azar is a serious systemic disease caused by leishmania donovani parasites (trypanosomatidae: kinetoplastida). the disease is prevalent in the indian sub-continent, east africa and brazil. in africa, the worst affected regions are in sudan, with an estimated 15,000-20,000 cases annually and ethiopia with 5,000-7,000 cases a year. the main vector of vl in sudan and northern ethiopia is phlebotomus orientalis, a sand fly frequently found in association wit ... | 2013 | 24305038 |
| phlebotomus (legeromyia) multihamatus subg. nov., sp. nov. from gabon (diptera: psychodidae). | during a research project aimed at the study of the culicinae fauna of gabon and carried out in the national park of la lopé, we captured an unknown sandfly male specimen (genus phlebotomus) by cdc miniature light trap belonging to a new species for science. furthermore, the originality of his genitalia does not allow us to include this species in one of the existing subgenus, thus in this paper we propose the creation of a new subgenus, as phlebotomus (legeromyia) multihamatus sp. nov., subg. n ... | 0 | 24141965 |
| sergentomyia schwetzi is not a competent vector for leishmania donovani and other leishmania species pathogenic to humans. | sand fly species of the genus sergentomyia are proven vectors of reptilian leishmania that are non-pathogenic to humans. however, a consideration of the role of sergentomyia spp. in the circulation of mammalian leishmaniasis appears repeatedly in the literature and the possibility of leishmania transmission to humans remains unclear. here we studied the susceptibility of colonized sergentomyia schwetzi to leishmania donovani and two other leishmania species pathogenic to humans: l. infantum and ... | 2013 | 23786805 |
| first record of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) in the comoros archipelago with description of sergentomyia (vattieromyia) pessoni n. sp. and s. (rondanomyia) goodmani comorensis n. ssp. | no phlebotomine sandflies had ever been reported in the comoros archipelago, including the three islands of the republic of the union of comoros (grande comore, mohéli and anjouan) and the french oversea department of mayotte. during three field surveys carried out in 2003, 2007 and 2011, we provided the first record of phlebotomine sandflies in this area. a total of 85 specimens belonging to three species were caught: a new species s. (vattieromyia) pessoni n. sp. (two females from grande comor ... | 0 | 22910662 |
| paraphyly of the subgenus sintonius (diptera, psychodidae, sergentomyia): status of the malagasy species. creation of a new subgenus and description of a new species. | during an inventory of phlebotomine sand flies carried out in madagascar, we have identified some specimens showing morphological characters related to the subgenus sintonius of the genus sergentomyia. we started a molecular study based on cytochrome b mtdna and on d1-d2 and d8 domains of the rdna. the sampling includes all the sergentomyia species available and also s. (sergentomyia) schwetzi, s. (parrotomyia) magna, and the following species belonging to the subgenus sintonius: s. clydei, s. c ... | 2014 | 24893009 |
| leishmania mortality in sand fly blood meal is not species-specific and does not result from direct effect of proteinases. | leishmania development in sand flies is confined to the alimentary tract and is closely connected with blood meal digestion. previously, it has been published that activities of sand fly midgut proteases are harmful to leishmania, especially to amastigote-promastigote transition forms. however, our experiments with various leishmania-sand fly pairs gave quite opposite results. | 2018 | 29335002 |
| entomological investigation following the resurgence of human visceral leishmaniasis in southern algeria. | visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are the main endemic vector born diseases in algeria. in the hoggar region (extreme south of the country) human visceral leishmaniasis (hvl) is known to be sporadic but during the last decade the number of cases has increased significantly. in 2010, a peak of hvl cases was registered mostly among children. therefore an entomological survey and a retrospective study on hvl cases were carried out in order to explore the transmission of the disease. among the sa ... | 2013 | 23920502 |
| rotation of male genitalia in various species of phlebotomine sandfly. | phlebotomine sandflies, vectors of leishmania (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) parasites that affect millions of people worldwide, breed in terrestrial biotopes. as immature stages are rarely accessible, the detection of their natural breeding sites is primarily based on findings of juvenile males with unrotated external genitalia. in males, permanent 180° rotation on the longitudinal body axis occurs soon after eclosion; however, no study has as yet addressed this aspect in detail. the presen ... | 2015 | 26171684 |