| oxytocin receptor distribution reflects social organization in monogamous and polygamous voles. | the neuropeptide oxytocin has been implicated in the mediation of several forms of affiliative behavior including parental care, grooming, and sex behavior. here we demonstrate that species from the genus microtus (voles) selected for differences in social affiliation show contrasting patterns of oxytocin receptor expression in brain. by in vitro receptor autoradiography with an iodinated oxytocin analogue, specific binding to brain oxytocin receptors was observed in both the monogamous prairie ... | 1992 | 1321430 |
| primary immune responses of selected small mammal species to heterologous erythrocytes. | 1. we surveyed the primary humoral immune responsiveness of six small mammal species (peromyscus leucopus, microtus pinetorum, perognathus hispidus, neotoma floridana, onychomys leucogaster, mus musculus) collected from wild populations in central oklahoma using sheep red blood cells (srbc) as the immunogen and a splenic plaque-forming cell (pfc) assay. 2. individuals within each wild species examined produced antibodies to a single intraperitoneal injection of srbc, however, considerable inters ... | 1991 | 1682088 |
| accumulation of lead and organochlorine residues in captive american kestrels fed pine voles from apple orchards. | pine voles (microtus pinetorum) were collected from pesticide-treated orchards in new york (usa) and fed to three captive american kestrels (falco sparverius) for 60 days to evaluate potential hazards from soil-borne persistent insecticides. three control kestrels were fed uncontaminated laboratory mice (mus musculus). the pine voles contained an average of 38 ppm lead, 48 ppm dde and 1.2 ppm dieldrin (wet weight). the kestrels accumulated sublethal amounts of lead (1 ppm lead wet weight) in the ... | 1989 | 2668568 |
| flavor avoidance expressed in grooming by pine voles (microtus pinetorum): importance of context and hormonal factors. | pine voles (microtus pinetorum) were given sipper tubes containing saccharin solution, and after drinking, were injected with 0.15 m licl. subsequently, two-sipper tests were given to assure the presence of conditioned flavor avoidance (cfa), and then animals were presented with saccharin in carboxymethyl-cellulose on their own fur (autogrooming), or on the fur of cagemates (allogrooming). cfa was expressed in two-sipper tests, and during allogrooming of material from a cagemate's fur, but not d ... | 1985 | 3912780 |
| auto- and allo-grooming in pine voles (microtus pinetorum) and meadow voles (microtus pennsylvanicus). | grooming was observed in mixed-sex pairs of voles after one vole had been unilaterally soiled with a carboxymethylcellulose (cmc) gel. in experiment 1, soiled pine voles spent more time grooming than did clean voles, and groomed the soiled side of their bodies more than the clean side. soiled voles of both species head-groomed more than did clean voles. addition of tastants to cmc gel did not alter grooming durations in either species, and there were no sex differences. in experiment 2, both vol ... | 1982 | 7043506 |
| spontaneous lytic activity against heterologous erythrocytes in cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) serum. | although innate immunity has been well studied in laboratory animal models, no such documentation exists for wild species possessing a diversity of physiological adaptations to their environment. we examined the blood sera of 188 hispid cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) for naturally occurring hemolytic activity against heterologous erythrocytes. ninety-two percent of the blood sera samples from cotton rats lysed sheep erythrocytes. all sera tested against chicken erythrocytes showed hemolytic act ... | 1994 | 8076448 |
| host utilization and seasonal occurrence of dermacentor species (acari:ixodidae) in missouri, usa. | a total of 3,235 dermacentor variabilis (say) specimens were collected from birds, mammals, and by dragging vegetation, and 2,683 d. albipictus (packard) ticks were collected from deer from 1993 to 1996. peak seasonal occurrence of adult d. variabilis was from may through july with a precipitous decrease in august. nymphal d. variabilis populations peaked in june. peak activity of larvae was bimodal, with one activity peak during late summer (september) and a second peak in winter or early sprin ... | 2000 | 11201355 |
| rickettsia rickettsii infection in the pine vole, microtus pinetorum: kinetics of infection and quantitation of antioxidant enzyme gene expression by rt-pcr. | the pine vole, microtus pinetorum, was evaluated as a laboratory animal model for infection with rickettsia rickettsii. voles demonstrated signs of acute disease, and 45% of infected animals died following intraperitoneal infection with 3 x 10(6) plaque forming units of r. rickettsii. spleen, liver, kidney, lung, brain, testes and blood were analyzed for rickettsial burden by a quantitative pcr assay. the distribution of rickettsiae in tissues during the course of infection was determined by imm ... | 2003 | 12860675 |
| hematology and plasma chemistry reference intervals for mature laboratory pine voles (microtus pinetorum) as determined by using the nonparametric rank percentile method. | plasma biochemical and hematologic values are important parameters for assessing animal health and experimental results. although normal reference values for many rodent species have been published, there is a dearth of similar information for the genus microtus. in addition, most studies use a mean and standard deviation to establish reference intervals, but doing so is not the recommendation of the clinical and laboratory standards institute (formerly the national committee on clinical laborat ... | 2008 | 18702449 |
| the plant metabolite, 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone, stimulates an increase in secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and size of reproductive organs in microtus pinetorum. | the plant metabolite, 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-mboa), occurring in leaf tissue of rapidly growing monocots, cues reproduction in some mammals. in the pine vole, microtus pinetorum, peripubertal females respond to this nonestrogenic compound with a 40% increase in serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh). in addition, 6-mboa significantly increases the weight of the ovary and uterus in both peripubertal and mature voles. this study is the first to offer evidence that 6-mboa interacts ... | 2010 | 3135852 |
| effects of disturbance on small mammal community structure in the new jersey pinelands, usa. | we compared small mammal community composition among undisturbed habitats and habitats disturbed by military operations on warren grove gunnery range (wgr) in the new jersey pinelands. wgr is one of the largest tracts of protected land within this globally rare ecosystem. disturbance in the form of fire, mowing, soil disruption and logging has had a large effect on small mammal occurrence and distribution. of the 14 small mammal species that occur in the pinelands, 9 live on wgr, including large ... | 2012 | 22405445 |
| description and life-cycle of glycyphagus (myacarus) microti sp. n. (acarina : sarcoptiformes : glycyphagidae) from microtus pinetorum from new york, u.s.a. | | 1980 | 7010870 |
| cryptosporidium infecting wild cricetid rodents from the subfamilies arvicolinae and neotominae. | we undertook a study on cryptosporidium spp. in wild cricetid rodents. fecal samples were collected from meadow voles (microtus pennsylvanicus), southern red-backed voles (myodes gapperi), woodland voles (microtus pinetorum), muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) and peromyscus spp. mice in north america, and from bank voles (myodes glareolus) and common voles (microtus arvalis) in europe. isolates were characterized by sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu) and acti ... | 2017 | 28870264 |
| affiliative behavior in different species of voles (microtus). | data were collected on the huddling behavior of pine voles, microtus pinetorum, and meadow voles, m. pennsylvanicus, to supplement earlier data on prairie voles and montane voles. species that are social/monogamous in the field tended to huddle more in the laboratory. contact proneness may be one factor driving different mating systems in the field. | 1993 | 8451367 |
| taphonomic alterations by the rodent species woodland vole (microtus pinetorum) upon human skeletal remains. | this forensic case report describes the taphonomic effects of woodland vole (microtus pinetorum) upon a set of skeletonized human remains recovered in massachusetts, usa. remains of an individual of this rodent species were discovered where it had been nesting inside the human cranium. fine, parallel grooves indicative of small rodent gnawing were noted on multiple postcranial elements, and all isolated grooves were consistent in size with the incisors of this species. other taphonomic alteratio ... | 2015 | 26358959 |
| molar malocclusions in pine voles (microtus pinetorum). | here we describe 5 cases of molar malocclusions in adult pine voles (microtus pinetorum) used for behavioral endocrinology studies. this species belongs to the subfamily microtinae, which possess aradicular hypsodont molars. the abnormal molars identified caused apparent difficulty in mastication, resulting in poor body condition necessitating euthanasia. postmortem examination of the oral cavity revealed grossly elongated mandibular and maxillary molars with abnormal wear at occlusal surfaces. ... | 2009 | 19653952 |
| does time after pair bond disruption affect subsequent reproduction in the socially monogamous woodland vole (microtus pinetorum)? | disruption of the pair bond between socially monogamous animals leads to changes in behavior, which may have reproductive consequences. there are two alternative hypotheses to explain the effect of the length of time since pair bond disruption on subsequent reproduction. one hypothesis predicts that voles housed immediately with a new opposite-sex conspecific will be as likely to produce litters and will produce them as quickly as voles separated from their initial mate for longer. alternatively ... | 2009 | 19429197 |
| reproductive activation of pine voles (microtus pinetorum): examination of physiological markers. | we tested the hypothesis that the presence of an opposite-sex conspecific will result in time-related changes in measures of reproductive activation. we housed male-female pairs of pine voles together for 0, 2, 6, 12, or 24 h before collecting blood, reproductive organs and brains for immunocytochemical analysis of lhrh and c-fos. control animals were never exposed to an opposite-sex conspecific. following exposure to a male, there was a significant increase in uterine weight but not in lh level ... | 2004 | 15342274 |
| social transmission and memory of food preferences in pine voles (microtus pinetorum). | the social transmission of food preferences is affected by factors including the length of time a preference is maintained. the authors investigated the social transmission of food preferences in pine voles (microtus pinetorum) and whether food items had to be present for memory to persist. a demonstrator vole was fed cocoa-flavored food, a nonpreferred food. after interacting with a demonstrator vole, observer voles preferred cocoa-flavored food as compared with either naive voles that had not ... | 2002 | 11926683 |
| mechanisms of reproductive suppression in female pine voles (microtus pinetorum). | in co-operatively breeding birds and mammals, philopatric females are often reproductively suppressed. many studies have focused on the functional significance of reproductive suppression, but further investigation of the mechanisms involved is required for a complete understanding of this process. this study investigated whether reproductive suppression in non-reproductive female pine voles (microtus pinetorum) occurs as a result of lack of gamete maturation or lack of increase in lh. the behav ... | 2001 | 11467981 |
| changes in gut capacity with lactation and cold exposure in a species with low rates of energy use, the pine vole (microtus pinetorum). | interspecific differences in the adaptive capacity of the gut may contribute to interspecific differences in rate of energy use and life-history traits. we tested the hypothesis that changes in gut capacity when energy demands are elevated are similar in species with low average rates of energy use compared with a species with higher average rates of energy use. we measured changes in gut capacity in microtus pinetorum, a species with low average rates of energy use, and compared these with publ ... | 2008 | 9798249 |
| behavioural suppression of female pine voles after replacement of the breeding male | examination of the mechanism of reproductive suppression includes determining which cues are involved and the context in which they occur. we studied groups of pine voles, microtus pinetorum, that were disrupted by the replacement of the breeding male and compared them with intact family groups. if reproductive suppression is mediated by chemical cues, then soiled bedding should be sufficient to prevent production of litters by daughters. if reproductive suppression involves a behavioural compon ... | 1998 | 9515051 |
| androgen exposure and reproductive behavior of an induced ovulator, the pine vole (microtus pinetorum). | the actions of steroid hormones on brain and behavior are classically divided into organizational effects that are permanent and occur early in development and activational effects that are temporary and occur throughout life. here, we test the hypothesis that in an induced ovulator, testosterone defeminizes only those neural tissues that rely on synergistic interactions of estrogen and progesterone for normal function in adulthood. female voles, microtus pinetorum, injected with testosterone (t ... | 1996 | 9047267 |
| chemical cues are necessary but insufficient for reproductive activation of female pine vole (microtus pinetorum). | among various arvicoline rodents, reproduction is influenced to varying degrees by social factors, including behavioral or chemical cues. since previous research suggested that chemosignals from adult males reproductively activate female pine voles (microtus pine-torum), we sought to determine specifically what types of stimuli promote the activation response. in these experiments, female were exposed to unfamiliar adult males, or to some combination of cues from males, or were housed alone. usi ... | 1996 | 8722624 |
| management, breeding, and reproductive performance of pine voles. | pine voles (microtus pinetorum) serve as an interesting rodent model for studies of fossorial adaptation and mammalian mating systems. they are unusual among rodents in displaying a cooperative system of breeding. here we describe the management of a breeding colony of pine voles. this species is relatively easy to maintain in the laboratory, although care must be taken to provide sufficient water in their diet. details of reproduction, as well as growth and development of the young, are include ... | 1994 | 7898036 |
| physiological and behavioral effects of guthion on pine voles, microtus pinetorum. | | 1989 | 2667658 |
| urinary volatile profiles of pine vole,microtus pinetorum, and their endocrine dependency. | the volatile compounds identified by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry inmicrotus pinetorum urine include alcohols, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, ketones, nitriles, and pyrazines. several lactone derivatives were found to be characteristic urinary substances of this species. ovariectomy depressed concentrations of only five out of a great number of profile constituents. elevating estrogen levels (by exposing females to male-soiled bedding or treating them with estradiol) tends to depress ... | 1989 | 24271806 |
| water metabolism in free-ranging pine voles (microtus pinetorum). | rates of body water turnover in free-ranging pine voles exceeded those reported for a large number of similarly sized mammals. concentrations of urine obtained from free-ranging pine voles were significantly lower than values published for other free-ranging mammals and also for laboratory-maintained members of this species. rates of body water turnover in this species were not correlated with seasonal changes in soil temperatures. | 1987 | 2881664 |
| sexual dimorphism and gonadal control of ultrasonic vocalizations in adult pine voles, microtus pinetorum. | we investigated the vocalizations produced by adult pine voles during various social interactions by presenting an experimental animal with either an anesthetized or awake (unanesthetized) conspecific. ultrasonic vocalizations (usvs) occurred frequently during tests in which an awake male was present, but were rarely detected in tests involving only awake females, or when a female was presented with an anesthetized conspecific. higher rates of usvs were produced when males were tested with a fam ... | 1986 | 3514415 |
| puberty in pine voles, microtus pinetorum, and the influence of chemosignals on female reproduction. | we investigated the reproductive biology of an induced ovulator, the pine vole (microtus pinetorum). male puberty, measured as age at first impregnation, was found to occur as early as 44 days of age. female puberty measured as age at first conception, was found to occur as early as 32 days of age, considerably earlier than previously reported. females paired with stud males exhibited a doubling of uterine weight within 12 h, and vaginal sperm were present after 48 h. this indicates that althoug ... | 1986 | 3513855 |
| male siblings inhibit reproductive activity in female pine voles, microtus pinetorum. | pine vole females paired in breeding cages with male siblings remain unreproductive beyond the age of puberty onset. in this study only 10% of females caged with their brothers reproduced, whereas 85% of females placed with strange males had litters. mating between a female and a strange male was also suppressed by the presence of a male sibling sequestered behind a wire mesh barrier in the breeding cage. when the sibling male was removed from the cage after 1 day, 78% of the females produced li ... | 1983 | 6347267 |
| postimplantation abortion in pine voles (microtus pinetorum) induced by strange males and pheromones of strange males. | | 1981 | 7030413 |
| social behavior of pine voles, microtus pinetorum: effects of gender, familiarity, and isolation. | | 1981 | 7013754 |
| the effect of crowding on the maturation of gonads in pine voles, microtus pinetorum. | | 1980 | 7012257 |
| copulatory behavior of pine voles (microtus pinetorum). | 7 male and 6 female pine voles, microtus pinetorum, were observed in a total of 26 tests of copulatory behavior. they displayed a pattern with no lock intravaginal thrusting, ejaculation possible on a single insertion, and multiple ejaculations. the first ejaculatory series required approximately 5 min, with a mean of five intromissions and 36 thrusts. post-ejaculatory intervals following the first series averaged 16 min. and increased in successive series. | 1976 | 785368 |
| seasonal changes in reproductive and related organs in the pine vole, microtus pinetorum, in southwestern virginia. | | 1970 | 5483408 |
| small-mammal characteristics affect tick communities in southwestern tennessee (usa). | life histories can influence the degree of parasite infestations on a host. pressures exerted on hosts based on age and sex convey varying degrees of parasite prevalence due to differences in host lifestyles, but it is not known how interactions between different host traits affect tick numbers. the objective of this study was to determine if host characteristics (e.g., age, sex, weight, and their interactions) affect the mean number of ticks found on small mammals regardless of host species or ... | 2020 | 32547921 |