| functional studies of a glucagon receptor isolated from frog rana tigrina rugulosa: implications on the molecular evolution of glucagon receptors in vertebrates. | in this report, the first amphibian glucagon receptor (glur) cdna was characterized from the liver of the frog rana tigrina rugulosa. functional expression of the frog glur in cho and cos-7 cells showed a high specificity of the receptor towards human glucagon with an ec(50) value of 0.8+/-0.5 nm. the binding of radioiodinated human glucagon to glur was displaced in a dose-dependent manner only with human glucagon and its antagonist (des-his(1)-[nle(9)-ala(11)-ala(16)]) with ic(50) values of 12. ... | 1999 | 10471837 |
| structural and functional identification of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor vpac2 from the frog rana tigrina rugulosa. | recently, a frog pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap)/vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) receptor (fpvr) has been characterized, and interestingly, this receptor exhibits characteristics of both mammalian pacap type ii receptors vpac(1)r and vpac(2)r. in order to investigate the receptors responsible for mediating the actions of vip and pacap in amphibians, in this report, a frog vpac(2) receptor (fvpac(2)r) cdna was isolated. fvpac(2)r shares 47.7, 46.9 and 62.5% amino ac ... | 2001 | 11564605 |
| identification of a proglucagon cdna from rana tigrina rugulosa that encodes two glp-1s and that is alternatively spliced in a tissue-specific manner. | glucagon plays a pivotal role in the regulation of metabolism. a glucagon receptor has been previously characterized in the frog, rana tigrina rugulosa, and the frog and human glucagon receptors have been shown to possess similar binding affinities toward human glucagon. to study the structural evolution of glucagon peptide and its receptor in vertebrates, in the current study, a proglucagon cdna from the same frog species was cloned. interestingly, in contrast to the mammalian proglucagons that ... | 2001 | 11703080 |
| differences in mgnrh and cgnrh-ii contents in pituitaries and discrete brain areas of rana rugulosa w. according to age and stage of maturity. | (1) in tadpoles, chicken-ii gonadotropin-releasing hormone (cgnrh-ii) could be measured in the brains before metamorphosis, but mammalian gonadotropin-releasing hormone (mgnrh) did not appear until the stage of metamorphosis, i.e. cgnrh-ii appeared earlier than mgnrh during ontogenesis. (2) during the metamorphic climax, mgnrh content increased more rapidly than cgnrh-ii; the content of mgnrh was about two times of that of cgnrh-ii. (3) in juveniles and adults, the content of mgnrh and cgnrh-ii, ... | 2000 | 11790340 |
| sequence analysis of the complete genome of an iridovirus isolated from the tiger frog. | we have isolated a tiger frog virus (tfv) from diseased tiger frogs, rana tigrina rugulosa. the genome was a linear double-stranded dna of 105,057 basepairs in length with a base composition of 55.01% g+c. about 105 open reading frames were identified with coding capacities for polypeptides ranging from 40 to 1294 amino acids. computer-assisted analyses of the deduced amino acid sequences revealed that 39 of 105 putative gene products showed significant homology to functionally characterized pro ... | 2002 | 11878922 |
| aeromonas hydrophila subsp. ranae subsp. nov., isolated from septicaemic farmed frogs in thailand. | a group of seven sucrose-negative aeromonas strains (referred to as group au) isolated from the internal organs of septicaemic farmed frogs (rana rugulosa) in thailand was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study including fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (faflp) and eric-pcr fingerprinting, 16s rdna sequencing, microplate dna-dna hybridizations and extensive phenotypic characterization. comparison of faflp and eric-pcr fingerprints indicated that the group au isolates belonge ... | 2003 | 12807217 |
| isolation of laribacter hongkongensis, a novel bacterium associated with gastroenteritis, from chinese tiger frog. | laribacter hongkongensis is a recently discovered novel bacterium associated with community-acquired gastroenteritis. although the bacterium has been isolated from freshwater fish and natural freshwater environments, it is not known if other freshwater animals could also be a source of l. hongkongensis. in a surveillance study on freshwater food animals (other than fish) in hong kong, l. hongkongensis was isolated from eight of 10 chinese tiger frogs (hoplobatrachus chinensis), a widespread frog ... | 2009 | 19033083 |
| ovine thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) heterologously stimulates production of thyroid hormones from chinese soft-shell turtle (pelodiscus sinensis) and bullfrog (rana catesbeiana and rana rugulosa) thyroids in vitro. | thyroid hormones are important for regulating a variety of developmental processes in vertebrates, including growth, differentiation, metamorphosis, and oxidative metabolism. in particular, this study focused on the in vitro production of thyroxine (t(4)) and triiodothyronine (t(3)) from thyroids in american bullfrogs (rana catesbeiana), chinese bullfrogs (rana rugulosa wiegmann), and chinese soft-shell turtles (pelodiscus sinensis) treated with ovine thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) at differe ... | 2009 | 19535032 |
| tigerinin-1r: a potent, non-toxic insulin-releasing peptide isolatedfrom the skin of the asian frog, hoplobatrachusrugulosus. | aim: characterization of peptides in the skin of the vietnamese common lowland frog hoplobatrachusrugulosus with the ability to stimulate insulin release in vitro and improve glucose tolerance in vivo. methods: peptides in an extract of skin were purified by reversed-phase hplc and their abilities to stimulate the release of insulin and the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) were determined using brin-bd11 clonal +¦ cells. insulin-releasing potencies of synthetic peptides and their eff ... | 2011 | 21736689 |
| Pathological Study of Blood Parasites in Rice Field Frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Wiegmann, 1834). | One hundred and forty adult rice field frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Wiegmann, 1834), were collected in Srakaew province, Thailand. For blood parasite examination, thin blood smears were made and routinely stained with Giemsa. The results showed that 70% of the frogs (98/140) were infected with 5 species of blood parasites, including a Trypanosoma rotatorium-like organism, Trypanosoma chattoni, Hepatozoon sp. a, Hepatozoon sp. b, and Lankesterella minima. Pathological examination of the liver ... | 2011 | 21918731 |
| effects of tigerinin peptides on cytokine production by mouse peritoneal macrophages and spleen cells and by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | the tigerinins are a family of cationic, cyclic peptides of unknown biological function produced in the skins of diverse frog species. tigerinin-1r (rvcsaiplpich.nh2) from hoplobatrachus rugulosus (dicroglossidae), tigerinin-1v (ricyamwipypc) from lithobates vaillanti (ranidae), and tigerinin-1m (wcppmiplcsrf.nh2) from xenopus muelleri (pipidae) did not inhibit growth of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus at concentrations up to 500 μg/ml and were not hemolytic. incubation of peritoneal ... | 2014 | 24412102 |
| prevalence and characterization of quinolone resistance in laribacter hongkongensis from grass carp and chinese tiger frog. | laribacter hongkongensis is a food-borne bacterium associated with community-acquired gastroenteritis and diarrhoea. quinolone resistance was recently reported in bacterial isolates from aquatic products, but the molecular mechanisms for resistance were still unknown. in this study, a total of 157 l. hongkongensis strains were isolated from grass carps (n = 443) and chinese tiger frogs (n = 171). twenty-one ciprofloxacin-resistant strains were analysed for mutations in quinolone resistance-deter ... | 2013 | 23906590 |
| prevalence of spirometra mansoni in dogs, cats, and frogs and its medical relevance in guangzhou, china. | sparganosis is an important parasitic disease in guangzhou and is mainly acquired through the consumption of frog meat or contact with fresh frogs infected by larval stages (spargana) of the tapeworm species spirometra mansoni. | 2016 | 27777093 |
| molecular evidence of spirometra erinaceieuropaei infection in snakes ptyas korros from lao pdr and thailand and frogs hoplobatrachus rugulosus from myanmar. | sparganosis is a parasitic disease in humans and animals caused by plerocercoid larvae (spargana) of the genus spirometra. spirometra erinaceieuropaei is the major causative agent of the disease in asian countries. however, molecular evidence of the causative parasite species in animals remains lacking. a total of 19 spargana specimens were obtained from frogs, hoplobatrachus rugulosus, collected from myanmar and snakes, ptyas korros, from lao pdr and thailand. a partial sequence of mitochondria ... | 2014 | 26466413 |
| survey and genetic variation of spirometra erinaceieuropaei sparganum in frogs and snakes from guangxi of southern china. | the prevalence of sparganum infection in wild frogs (rana rugulosa and r. temporaria) and snakes (enhydris chinensis) was investigated in guangxi zhuang autonomous region of southern china from june 2013 to august 2013. the results showed that 30.37% (65/214) of the caught wild frogs and 50% (3/6) of examined snakes were found to be infected with plerocercoids (spargana) of the genus spirometra. to investigate the genetic variation of the collected spargana, three mitochondrial dna (mtdna) regio ... | 2014 | 25776613 |
| caveolae restrict tiger frog virus release in hepg2 cells and caveolae-associated proteins incorporated into virus particles. | caveolae are flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane. caveolae play important roles in the process of viruses entry into host cells, but the roles of caveolae at the late stage of virus infection were not completely understood. tiger frog virus (tfv) has been isolated from the diseased tadpoles of the frog, rana tigrina rugulosa, and causes high mortality of tiger frog tadpoles cultured in southern china. in the present study, the roles of caveolae at the late stage of tfv infection we ... | 2016 | 26887868 |
| genome-wide analyses of proliferation-important genes of iridovirus-tiger frog virus by rnai. | tiger frog virus (tfv), a species of genus ranavirus in the family iridoviridae, is a nuclear cytoplasmic large dna virus that infects aquatic vertebrates such as tiger frog (rana tigrina rugulosa) and chinese soft-shelled turtle (trionyx sinensis). based on the available genome sequences of tfv, the well-developed rna interference (rnai) technique, and the reliable cell line for infection model, we decided to analyze the functional importance of all predicted genes. firstly, a relative quantita ... | 2014 | 24886972 |
| checklist and simple identification key for frogs and toads from district iv of the mada scheme, kedah, malaysia. | a survey was conducted to catalogue the diversity of anurans in district iv of the muda agriculture development authority scheme (mada) in kedah darul aman, malaysia, from july 1996 to january 1997. eight species of anurans from three families were present in the study area. of these, the common grass frog (fejevarya limnocharis) was the most abundant, followed by mangrove frog (fejevarya cancrivora), long-legged frog (hylarana macrodactyla), and common toad (duttaphrynus melanostictus). puddle ... | 2009 | 24575178 |
| salmonella serovar distribution in cobras (naja kaouthia), snake-food species, and farm workers at queen saovabha snake park, thailand. | the purpose of the current study was to investigate the prevalence and serovar distribution of salmonella isolates in cobras and their environment at a snake park. a total of 166 fecal or intestinal samples were examined, comprising 39 samples from captive cobras (naja kaouthia), 70 from recently wild-caught cobras, 19 from wild-caught cobras that had been kept on the farm for over 3 months, 18 from mice (mus musculus), 12 from frogs (hoplobatrachus rugulosus), and 8 from farm workers. specific ... | 2012 | 22362530 |
| do cryptic species exist in hoplobatrachus rugulosus? an examination using four nuclear genes, the cyt b gene and the complete mt genome. | he chinese tiger frog hoplobatrachus rugulosus is widely distributed in southern china, malaysia, myanmar, thailand, and vietnam. it is listed in appendix ii of cites as the only class ii nationally-protected frog in china. the bred tiger frog known as the thailand tiger frog, is also identified as h. rugulosus. our analysis of the cyt b gene showed high genetic divergence (13.8%) between wild and bred samples of tiger frog. unexpected genetic divergence of the complete mt genome (14.0%) was als ... | 2015 | 25875761 |
| acute and joint toxicity of three agrochemicals to chinese tiger frog (hoplobatrachus chinensis) tadpoles. | we studied acute and joint toxicity of three different agrochemicals (chlorantraniliprole, flubendiamide-abamectin and penoxsulam) to chinese tiger frog (hoplobatrachus chinensis) tadpoles with the method of stability water tests. results showed that the three agrochemicals increased tadpole mortality. for acute toxicity, the lc50 values after 24, 48 and 72 h of chlorantraniliprole, flubendiamide-abamectin and penoxsulam exposure were 5.37, 4.90 and 4.68 mg/l; 0.035, 0.025 and 0.021 mg/l; 1.74, ... | 2014 | 25017745 |
| effects of hydroperiod duration on developmental plasticity in tiger frog (hoplobatrachus chinensis) tadpoles. | while developmental plasticity can facilitate evolutionary diversification of organisms, the effects of water levels as an environmental pressure on tiger frogs remains unclear. this study clarifies the relationship by studying the responses of tiger frog (hoplobatrachus chinensis) tadpoles to simulated hydroperiods (i.e., constant low water levels, constant high water levels, increasing water levels, decreasing water levels, rapid changes in water levels and gradual fluctuations in water levels ... | 2014 | 24668655 |
| [prey selection by tiger frog larvae (hoplobatrachus chinensis) of two sympatric anuran species' tadpoles]. | we examined the prey selection and behavioral responses of tiger frog hoplobatrachus chinensis larvae exposed to unpalatable and palatable sympatric prey tadpoles, bufo melanostictus and pelophylax nigromaculatus. we found that after a short exposure to the toxic toad tadpoles b. melanostictus, predators may learn to decrease going after unpalatable prey, subsequently it seems they may express short-term behavioral memory in order to avoid the toxic prey. in general, h. chinensis showed no prefe ... | 2013 | 23775997 |
| acoustic characteristics of the tiger frog, hoplobatrachus rugulosus, during the breeding season. | we recorded and described the calls and acoustic characteristics of the male tiger frog, hoplobatrachus rugulosus, in an artificial pond during mating season. spectral and temporal call parameters, along with call intensity were analyzed. three harmonics were distinguishable from the spectrogram. four patterns of dominant frequency were found in calls produced late at night, i.e, 3 patterns in the first harmonic (located in 500 hz section, 700 hz section, and 800 hz section respectively) and 1 i ... | 2011 | 21842543 |
| stable isotope analyses-a method to distinguish intensively farmed from wild frogs. | consumption of frog legs is increasing worldwide, with potentially dramatic effects for ecosystems. more and more functioning frog farms are reported to exist. however, due to the lack of reliable methods to distinguish farmed from wild-caught individuals, the origin of frogs in the international trade is often uncertain. here, we present a new methodological approach to this problem. we investigated the isotopic composition of legally traded frog legs from suppliers in vietnam and indonesia. mu ... | 2017 | 28428844 |
| phylogenetic relationships among hoplobatrachus rugulosus in thailand as inferred from mitochondrial dna sequences of the cytochrome-b gene (amphibia, anura, dicroglossidae). | a fragment (564 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b (cyt-b) gene was studied for 73 individual rice field frogs (hoplobatrachus rugulosus) from 18 geographical locations (populations) within thailand. sequence analysis revealed the presence of 12 haplotypes, with five haplotypes being represented in two or more populations, and the other seven being population-distinct haplotypes. phylogenetic analysis by maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and neighbor joining analyses all placed the 12 ha ... | 2012 | 22233497 |
| prevalence of malformed frogs in kaoping and tungkang river basins of southern taiwan. | in this study we found many amphibians with bizarre appearances, known as malformations in pingtung county southern taiwan. for this investigation we collected frogs inhabiting the kaoping and tungkang river watersheds between february 2006 and june 2007. among the total number of 10,909 normal frogs (i.e., anurans) collected during the investigation period, the indian rice frogs (rana limnocharis) account for the greatest number next is the chinese bullfrog (rana rugulosa). of all the 244 captu ... | 2010 | 21047008 |
| lethal and sublethal effects of a methomyl-based insecticide in hoplobatrachus rugulosus. | the aim of this study was to investigate the lethal and sublethal toxicity of a methomyl-based insecticide in hoplobatrachus rugulosus, as methomyl-based insecticides are applied in massive amounts and agrochemicals have effects on the decline in amphibian populations. to evaluate the toxic effects of methomyl from agricultural application, a methomyl-based insecticide containing 40% methomyl was selected. the median lethal concentration of 96 hours of methomyl exposure was 8.69 ppm for h. rugul ... | 2017 | 28190921 |
| frog skin peptides (tigerinin-1r, magainin-am1, -am2, cpf-am1, and pgla-am1) stimulate secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1) by glutag cells. | skin secretions of several frog species contain host-defense peptides with multiple biological activities including in vitro and in vivo insulin-releasing actions. this study investigates the effects of tigerinin-1r from hoplobatrachus rugulosus (dicroglossidae) and magainin-am1, magainin-am2, caerulein precursor fragment (cpf-am1) and peptide glycine leucine amide (pgla-am1) from xenopus amieti (pipidae) on glp-1 secretion from glutag cells. tigerinin-1r showed the highest potency producing a s ... | 2013 | 23291176 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of hoplobatrachus rugulosus (anura: dicroglossidae). | the mitochondrial genome of hoplobatrachus rugulosus (anura: dicroglossidae) is a circular molecule of 20,309 bp in length, containing 39 genes (including the extra copy of nd5 and trna(met) genes). the following four distinctive features are observed: the cluster of rearranged trna genes (tpf trna gene cluster), the translocation of trna(leu(cun)) and nd5 genes, the tandem duplication of trna(met) genes (met1 and met2), and the duplicated d-loop-nd5 regions. | 2012 | 22708866 |
| origin of secretin receptor precedes the advent of tetrapoda: evidence on the separated origins of secretin and orexin. | at present, secretin and its receptor have only been identified in mammals, and the origin of this ligand-receptor pair in early vertebrates is unclear. in addition, the elusive similarities of secretin and orexin in terms of both structures and functions suggest a common ancestral origin early in the vertebrate lineage. in this article, with the cloning and functional characterization of secretin receptors from lungfish and x. laevis as well as frog (x. laevis and rana rugulosa) secretins, we p ... | 2011 | 21559418 |
| effect of glyphosate-based herbicide on acetylcholinesterase activity in tadpoles, hoplobatrachus rugulosus. | this study focused on the effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide on activity of the neuron enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (ache), in the tadpole stage (stage 35-39) of the east asian bullfrog, hoplobatrachus rugulosus. there were 4 herbicide concentration treatments consisting of glyphosate-based herbicide added at 21, 24, 27 and 30 microl to 1l de-chlorinated water in glass containers (10x15x20 cm). there were 4 replicates per treatment, each replicate using 20 tadpoles. the toxicity results wer ... | 2011 | 22702209 |
| seasonal variations in production in vitro of corticosteroids by the frogs (rana rugulosa) adrenal. | | 1971 | 5580826 |
| seasonal changes in adrenal activity in the frog (rana rugulosa). | | 1970 | 5489043 |
| pathways for the biosynthesis of corticosteroids from pregnenolone by adrenal tissue of the frog, rana rugulosa. | | 1969 | 5769953 |
| the combined effects of temperature and aromatase inhibitor on metamorphosis, growth, locomotion, and sex ratio of tiger frog (hoplobatrachus rugulosus) tadpoles. | the tiger frog (hoplobatrachus rugulosus) is widely raised by many farms in southern region of china as an economically edible frog. the growth, development, and sexual differentiation of amphibians are influenced by temperature and steroid hormone level. however, the problem of hormone residues is caused by the addition of exogenous hormones in frog breeding, it is worth considering whether non-sterol aromatase inhibitors can be used instead of hormones. | 2020 | 32219039 |
| tiger frog virus orf104r interacts with cellular vdac2 to inhibit cell apoptosis. | ranaviruses belong to the family iridoviridae, and have become a serious threat to both farmed and natural populations of fish and amphibians. previous reports showed that ranaviruses could encode viral bcl-2 family-like proteins (vbcl-2), which play a critical role in the regulation of cell apoptosis. however, the mechanism of ranaviruses vbcl-2 interactions with host protein in mediating apoptosis remains unknown. tiger frog virus (tfv) belonging to the genus ranavirus has been isolated from i ... | 2019 | 31299465 |
| development and characterization of 33 microsatellite loci for the tiger frog hoplobatrachus rugulosus (wiegmann 1834) through transcriptome sequencing. | the tiger frog hoplobatrachus rugulosus (wiegmann 1834) is a large robust dicroglossid frog widely distributed in southern china, malaysia, myanmar, vietnam and thailand. the escaped bred tiger frog introduced from thailand hybridized with chinese native population may have affected the genetic diversity of local chinese tiger frogs. however, previous microsatellite loci of this species do not offer enough information to construct the genetic map. here, we reported 33 new microsatellite loci fro ... | 2018 | 30574879 |
| niche shifts and environmental non-equilibrium undermine the usefulness of ecological niche models for invasion risk assessments. | niche shifts and environmental non-equilibrium in invading alien species undermine niche-based predictions of alien species' potential distributions and, consequently, their usefulness for invasion risk assessments. here, we compared the realized climatic niches of four alien amphibian species (hylarana erythraea, rhinella marina, hoplobatrachus rugulosus, and kaloula pulchra) in their native and philippine-invaded ranges to investigate niche changes that have unfolded during their invasion and, ... | 2020 | 32409706 |
| larval gnathostomes and spargana in chinese edible frogs, hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from myanmar: potential risk of human infection. | chinese edible frogs, hoplobatrachus rugulosus, were examined to estimate the potential risks of human gnathostomiasis and sparganosis in myanmar. a total of 20 frogs were purchased in a local market of yangon and examined with naked eyes and the artificial digestion method after skin peeling in june 2018 and june 2019. larvae of gnathostomes and spirometra (=spargana) were detected in 15 (75.0%) and 15 (75.0%) frogs with average intensities of 10.5 and 6.3 larvae per infected frog, respectively ... | 2020 | 32871642 |
| spermatological characteristics of the family glypthelminthidae (digenea, plagiorchioidea) inferred from the ultrastructural study of glypthelmins staffordi tubangui, 1928. | the present study describes the ultrastructural organization of the mature spermatozoon of the digenean glypthelmins staffordi (glypthelminthidae) by means of transmission electron microscopy. live digeneans were collected from the chinese edible frog (hoplobatrachus rugulosus) in udon thani province (thailand). the ultrastructural study reveals that the mature spermatozoon of g. staffordi is a filiform cell, which is tapered at both extremities. it exhibits the bakhoum et al.'s type iv of sperm ... | 2018 | 30309500 |
| genetic and morphologic identification of spirometra ranarum in myanmar. | in the present study, we identified a spirometra species of myanmar origin (plerocercoid) by molecular analysis using mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 genes, as well as by morphological observations of an adult tapeworm. spargana specimens were collected from a paddy-field in taik kyi township tarkwa village, yangon, myanmar in december 2017. a total of 5 spargana were obtained from 20 frogs hoplobatrachus rugulosus; syn: rana rugulosa (wiegmann, 1834) or r. tigrina (steindachner, 1867). the plerocer ... | 2018 | 29996631 |
| morphological and molecular characterization of seuratascaris numidica (seurat, 1917) (ascaridida: ascarididae). | seuratascaris numidica (seurat, 1917) is a specialized nematode species parasitizing amphibians only. in the present study, the detailed morphology of this poorly known species was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy based on the newly material collected from hoplobatrachus chinensis (osbeck) (amphibia: anura) in china. we found that the relative length of intestinal caecum in our male specimens (representing 68.4-71.1% of oesophageal length) is slighter longer than the previous ... | 2018 | 29351063 |