| echinococcus vogeli in man, with a review of polycystic hydatid disease in colombia and neighboring countries. | three cases of polycystic hydatid disease (phd) from colombia are reported and 11 others from the region are reviewed. when cysts from two patients were fed to a dog and an ocelot about 250 mature and gravid specimens of echinococcus vogeli and two poorly developed strobilae, respectively, were recovered. these human cases constitute the first record of the larval stage of e. vogeli, previously known only from the strobilar stage in the type host, the bush dog (speothos venaticus). based on the ... | 1979 | 572148 |
| [cutaneous leishmaniasis in amazonia: isolation of leishmania (viannia) lainsoni from the rodent agouti paca (rodentia: dasyproctidae), in the state of pará, brazil]. | the isolation of leishmania (v.) lainsoni is recorded for the first time from a wild animal, the rodent agouti paca (rodentia: dasyproctidae), from pará state, north brazil. isolates of the parasite were made from apparently normal skin of 3 specimens of this rodent captured on the island of tocantins, in the municipality of tucuruí, an area subsequently flooded in the formation of the lake associated with the tucuruí hydroelectric dam. no isolations were made from the viscera. identification of ... | 1991 | 1843391 |
| [intestinal parasites of agouti paca (rodentia: dasyproctidae) in costa rica]. | in a sample of 23 breeding places of pacas (agouti paca) in costa rica, the following parasites were found: eimeria agoutii, balantidium coli, capillaria sp., trichuris sp., taenia sp., strongyloides sp., and members of the superfamilies strongyloidea and ascaroidea. | 1991 | 1844153 |
| [echinococcus vogeli cysts in paca liver (cuniculus paca) native from the acre state, brazil]. | four of the patients with polycystic hydatid disease observed by us reported that they were aware of the presence of liver disease in the pacas hunted for food. the viscera of these animals were usually given to domestic dogs. all of our 7 patients reported contact with dogs that had previously ingested viscera of pacas. examination of the liver considered to be diseased by one of the patients and removed from a paca killed in the same region (state of acre, brazil) from which the human cases or ... | 1990 | 2131493 |
| [spermatogonia types in tepezcuintle (cuniculus paca). ultrastructural study]. | ultrastructural studies of different types of spermatogonia by thin section techniques and transmission electron microscopy showed that cuniculus paca has two types of type a spermatogonia (a-o and a-1). samples were taken at different stages of the cycle in the seminiferous tubule epithelium presented a similar pattern as those of other rodents. type b spermatogonia are similar to those of the rat, the difference being that the heterochromatic zones are larger and more numerous. both characteri ... | 1988 | 3238079 |
| echinococcus vogeli rausch and bernstein, 1972, from the paca, cuniculus paca l. (rodentia: dasyproctidae), in the departamento de santa cruz, bolivia. | among approximately 2,000 mammals examined for helminths in various regions of bolivia during 1983-1987, cysts of echinococcus vogeli rausch and bernstein, 1972, were found in a single paca, cuniculus paca l., collected at la laguna, departamento de santa cruz (lat. 16 degrees 36'w; long. 62 degrees 42's). this record, the first from bolivia, represents a considerable extension of the known geographic range of this species in south america. upon analysis of the morphologic characteristics of the ... | 1988 | 3379522 |
| distribution of histoplasma capsulatum in amazonian wildlife. | in a survey of 296 sylvatic animals captured from virgin forests in the north-eastern and south-western amazon of brazil, histoplasma capsulatum was isolated, via the indirect hamster inoculation method, from the liver and spleen of four common opossums didelphis marsupialis and two pacas agouti paca. the infected animals did not show any clinical symptoms or histopathology. the known amazonian mammalian species with natural histoplasmosis now total five, the previously reported species being th ... | 1985 | 3990770 |
| mammalian wildlife diseases as hazards to man and livestock in an area of the llanos orientales of colombia. | development of the llanos orientales of colombia, and access to underdeveloped areas in the llanos, may create disease hazards to man and domestic animals or introduce exotic pathogens, creating reservoirs of infection for domestic animals and acting as limiting factors on the native wild species. a survey of wild animals common to the llanos revealed a number of parasites indigenous to the area. a total total of 59 mammalian species, representing eight orders were examined. haematozoa were repr ... | 1981 | 6788961 |
| characteristics of the larval echinococcus vogeli rausch and bernstein, 1972 in the natural intermediate host, the paca, cuniculus paca l. (rodentia: dasyproctidae). | in colombia, the natural intermediate host of echinococcus vogeli rausch and bernstein, 1972 is the paca, cuniculus paca l. (rodentia: dasyproctidae). the larval cestode develops in the liver of the host, where it usually is situated superficially, partly exposed beneath glisson's capsule. the infective larva consists of a subspherical to asymmetrical, fluid-filled vesicle, up to 30 mm in diameter, enclosed by a thick laminated membrane. it typically contains numerous chambers, often interconnec ... | 1981 | 7283003 |
| [the fleas of mammals from the ucayali river basin (the peruvian amazonia)]. | the material collected from 57 specimens of 9 mammalian species in two localities of the peruvian amazonia includes 212 specimens of fleas belonging to four species (polygenis klagesi, ropalopsyllus lugubris, rh. australis and rothschildopsylla noctilionis). this is the first record of fleas in the ucayali river basin. the majority of flea specimens were collected form three morphologically similar but karyotypically and electrophoretically distinct species of spiny rats of the genus proechimys. ... | 1996 | 8984440 |
| some bacterial enteropathogens in wildlife and racing pigeons from trinidad. | fecal and cloacal swabs or feces of wild mammalian, avian and reptilian species, either farmed or free-ranging, and of racing pigeons (columba livia) kept in lofts were cultured for salmonella spp., campylobacter spp., and yersinia spp. of 291 free-ranging mammals tested, 6 (2%) and 1 (< 1%) yielded positive cultures of salmonella spp. and campylobacter spp., respectively. salmonella newport was the predominant serotype isolated and the opossum (didelphis marsupialis insularis) had the significa ... | 1998 | 9476228 |
| restraint of the paca (agouti paca) with ketamine hydrochloride, acetylpromazine maleate, and atropine sulfate. | the paca (agouti pace) is a neotropical rodent that requires chemical restraint for handling due to its aggressive nature and susceptibility to stress. eighteen adult pacas (seven males and 11 females) weighing 6.25+/-2.22 (mean +/- sd) kg were given ketamine hydrochloride (25.0 mg/kg), acetylpromazine maleate (0.125 mg/kg), and atropine sulfate (0.05 mg/kg) combined by i.m. injection during field procedures that included sexing, marking, translocations, physical examinations, and minor surgerie ... | 1998 | 9809603 |
| the occurrence of polycystic echinococcosis in suriname. | the occurrence of polycystic echinococcosis (pe) caused by echinococcus vogeli in suriname is reviewed. six of the eight known cases, including the first (which was incorrectly diagnosed as cystic hydatid disease caused by e. granulosus) in 1982, are described. the distribution in suriname of the natural hosts of e. vogeli--the bush dog (speothus venaticus) and the paca (agouti paca)--is discussed. characteristics of the four species recognized in the genus echinococcus are compared, and all kno ... | 2000 | 10884869 |
| a survey of hemoparasite infections in free-ranging mammals and reptiles in french guiana. | blood smears of 1,353 free-ranging mammals (35 species) and 112 reptiles (31 species) from french guiana were examined for hemoparasites. parasites from 3 major groups were recorded: apicomplexa (including hemogregarines, piroplasms, and plasmodium spp.), trypanosomatidae, and filaroidea. fifty percent of the individuals (86% of the species) were infected by parasites from at least 1 group. hemogregarines, identified as hepatozoon sp., infected numerous snakes with high prevalences (30-100%); in ... | 2000 | 11128476 |
| an autochthonous case of echinococcus vogeli rausch & bernstein, 1972 polycystic echinococcosis in the state of rondônia, brazil. | the present case report refers to a patient from the state of rondônia, north region of brazil, attended with clinical suspicion of hepatic echinococcosis. examination by imaging (ultrasonography and computerized tomography) revealed a conglomerate of cystic lesions, with mobile contents within the cyst. the serology (immunoblot) for echinococcus sp. was positive (21 and 31 kda bands). this case is the first reported in rondônia, suggesting the need to investigate the polycystic echinococcosis i ... | 2002 | 11992162 |
| leptospirosis in febrile men ingesting agouti paca in south america. | to explore the relationship between the ingestion of agouti paca (ap) and human leptospirosis in guyana, 19 febrile men who said they had hunted and eaten a. paca were screened for malaria, using bloodsmears, and for leptospirosis, using an enzyme immuno-assay that detects leptospira -specific igm. those found positive for anti-leptospira igm were then evaluated further, with a microscopical agglutination test based on a limited panel of serovars from three pathogenic species of leptospira. alth ... | 2004 | 15667717 |
| the capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) as a reservoir host for trypanosoma evansi. | discovery of two ill horses and three dogs naturally infected with trypanosoma evansi near an experimental station in the eastern plains of colombia led to a search for reservoir hosts of the parasite. infection was detected in 8/33 healthy capybaras (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), none of the remaining 14 horses, and none of 32 zebu cattle (bos indicus), 18 paca (cuniculus paca) and 20 spiny rats (proechimys sp.). contrary to common opinion, the results indicated a carrier state in the capybara. d ... | 1976 | 16502701 |
| comparative study on the forefoot and hindfoot intrinsic muscles of some cavioidea rodents (mammalia, rodentia). | the present study compares the forefoot and hindfoot musculature of five representative species of cavioidea rodents. in all species, the musculature of both forefeet and hindfeet have the same array regardless of the absence of digit i in the manus of hydrochaeris hydrochaeris and cavia porcellus. our results suggest a tendency in these species towards a three-digit system, with a functional loss of digit v and a predominance of digit iii in their forefeet. in the same way, the muscular reducti ... | 2007 | 17008077 |
| development of the inverted visceral yolk sac in three species of caviids (rodentia, caviomorpha, caviidae). | guinea pig related rodents possess numerous derived placental characters. we attempt to identify diversity within the visceral yolk sac and its association with the chorioallantoic placenta in three species of caviids, two of them possessing a capsule formed by the decidua that covers the chorioallantoic placenta. the results verify that in early pregnancy all three species have an inverted yolk sac placenta. in advanced pregnancy the species differ: galea spixii, as representative without a cap ... | 2008 | 18586321 |
| multicentric squamous cell carcinona in a paca (agouti paca) resembling bowen's disease. | an 8-yr-old female paca (agouti paca) was admitted at the veterinary hospital of the belo horizonte zoo (brazil) with an ulcerated cutaneous nodule of approximately 1.5 cm in diameter in the left ear. one week later, other cutaneous nodules were detected in various body locations. the animal died during a surgical procedure to remove the tumors. all cutaneous nodules were histologically similar with features of squamous cell carcinoma. considering the predominant in situ nature of the lesion as ... | 2008 | 18634216 |
| seed predation by mammals in forest fragments in monteverde, costa rica. | few studies have evaluated seed predation in fragmented landscapes, in which lower species diversity is expected to modifying ecological interactions. the rates of seed removal by mammals were investigated in a continuous forest and two fragmented patches of premontane tropical moist forest, in monteverde, costa rica. the composition of mammalian seed-predators in each site was recorded during 16 months. the removal of four native tree species of experimental seeds: ocotea valeriana and ocotea w ... | 2009 | 19928478 |
| non-legalized commerce in game meat in the brazilian amazon: a case study. | in tropical forests, wild game meat represents an option or the only protein source for some human populations. this study analyzed the wildlife meat trade destined to human consumption in an open market of the amazon rainforest, brazil. wildlife meat trade was monitored during 2005 through interviews to vendors and consumers in order to evaluate the socioeconomic profile of the sellers, the main species and byproducts sold, their geographical origin, commercial value, frequency of sale and prod ... | 2010 | 20737856 |
| imaging studies of the hindlimbs of pacas (cuniculus paca) bred in captivity. | to evaluate the hindlimbs of pacas bred in captivity using radiographic and computed tomography (ct) studies. | 2010 | 20830447 |
| polycystic echinococcosis in colombia: the larval cestodes in infected rodents. | described are the characteristics of the polycystic larval cestodes found in an endemic area of echinococcosis in the easter plains of colombia and the tissue reaction evoked in infected rodents. of 848 free-ranging animals examined, polycystic hydatids were found in 44/93 cuniculus paca and 1/369 proechimys sp. none of 20 dasyprocta fuliginosa examined was infected, but hunters provided a heart with hydatid cysts and information about two additional animals with infected livers. recognition of ... | 1994 | 501848 |
| ticks and rickettsiae from wildlife in belize, central america. | the agents of spotted fevers in latin america are rickettsia rickettsii, r. parkeri, rickettsia sp. strain atlantic rainforest, and r. massiliae. in continental central america, r. rickettsii remains the only known pathogenic tick-borne rickettsia. in the present study, ticks were collected from wild mammals in natural areas of belize. besides providing new data of ticks from belize, we investigated rickettsial infection in some of these ticks. our results provide ticks harboring rickettsial age ... | 2016 | 26831147 |
| genetic characterization of toxoplasma gondii from brazilian wildlife revealed abundant new genotypes. | this study aimed to isolate and genotype t. gondii from brazilian wildlife. for this purpose, 226 samples were submitted to mice bioassay and screened by pcr based on 18s rrna sequences. a total of 15 t. gondii isolates were obtained, including samples from four armadillos (three dasypus novemcinctus, one euphractus sexcinctus), three collared anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla), three whited-lipped peccaries (tayassu pecari), one spotted paca (cuniculus paca), one oncilla (leopardus tigrinus), on ... | 2014 | 25426424 |
| co-infections of the cestode echinococcus vogeli and the nematode calodium hepaticum in the hystricomorphic rodent agouti paca from a forest reserve in acre, brazil. | the helminth fauna of agouti paca (linnaeus, 1766) has seldom been studied. in this paper, we report an unusual mixed infection of echinococcus vogeli rausch & bernstein, 1972 and calodium hepaticum (syn. capillaria hepatica bancroft, 1863) in free-ranging paca from a forested region in acre (brazil). gross morphological examination revealed that paca liver contained multiple spherical to subspherical white or translucent lesions, which were isolated or frequently contiguous and partially covere ... | 2013 | 23072769 |
| [first report of echinococcus vogeli in a paca in misiones province, argentina]. | we report the first finding of echinococcus vogeli in a paca, cuniculus paca, in the tropical forest of misiones, in the north of argentina. the presence of the bush dog, speothos venaticus, e. vogelís only natural definitive host, was also reported. the polycystic hydatids, 2 to 3 cm in diameter, were only found in the liver of an adult paca. the size range of the hooks and the relative proportion blade/handle did not show significant differences with respect to the ones reported for e. vogeli. ... | 2013 | 24165140 |
| disseminated yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in a paca (cuniculus paca). | a 2-yr-old paca (cuniculus paca) was presented for necropsy with a history of sudden death. gross examination revealed multifocal, transmural, well-demarcated, white, soft nodules scattered along the length of the small intestine. the liver also had similar nodules associated with the capsular and cut surface. histologic evaluation of several organs, including the intestine, liver, lung, kidney, adrenal gland, and lymph nodes, was consistent with disseminated yersiniosis. in addition, aerobic ba ... | 2015 | 25831586 |
| medium- and large-sized mammals in a steppic savanna area of the brazilian pampa: survey and conservation issues of a poorly known fauna. | the wildlife of the brazilian pampa is threatened by large-scale habitat loss, due in particular to the expansion of soybean cultivation and the conversion of grasslands areas into extensive areas of silviculture. it is essential to study how the mammal fauna copes with the highly fragmented, human-influenced, non-protected landscape. our study presents the results of a survey of the large- and medium-sized mammals of a typical human-influenced steppic savanna area of the pampa biome. the survey ... | 2016 | 26909626 |
| medium- and large-sized mammals in a steppic savanna area of the brazilian pampa: survey and conservation issues of a poorly known fauna. | the wildlife of the brazilian pampa is threatened by large-scale habitat loss, due in particular to the expansion of soybean cultivation and the conversion of grasslands areas into extensive areas of silviculture. it is essential to study how the mammal fauna copes with the highly fragmented, human-influenced, non-protected landscape. our study presents the results of a survey of the large- and medium-sized mammals of a typical human-influenced steppic savanna area of the pampa biome. the survey ... | 2016 | 26840582 |
| systematic, cross-cortex variation in neuron numbers in rodents and primates. | uniformity, local variability, and systematic variation in neuron numbers per unit of cortical surface area across species and cortical areas have been claimed to characterize the isocortex. resolving these claims has been difficult, because species, techniques, and cortical areas vary across studies. we present a stereological assessment of neuron numbers in layers ii-iv and v-vi per unit of cortical surface area across the isocortex in rodents (hamster, mesocricetus auratus; agouti, dasyprocta ... | 2015 | 23960207 |
| assessing the sustainability of waiwai subsistence hunting in guyana with implications for co-management in amazonian indigenous reserves. | while hunting is a key component of the subsistence strategies of many amazonians, it is also one of the most important threats to wildlife conservation throughout south america. as indigenous reserves now make up more than 20% of amazonia, effective conservation often requires working closely with indigenous groups as shared stakeholders in the management of hunting. we present a novel approach to co-management that integrates hunter generated harvesting data with spatially explicit, biodemogra ... | 2017 | 28074624 |
| subsistence hunting of cuniculus paca in the middle of the solimões river, amazonas, brazil. | ungulates, large primates and caviomorfs are cited by amazonian hunters as preferred species. in this research, paca (cuniculus paca) hunting was investigated in relation to water levels and the lunar cycle. in eight years of monitoring in the amanã sustainable development reserve, the killing of 625 pacas was registered in five monitored communities. paca hunting took place mainly at night and the most commonly used method is "spotlighting". a positive correlation between the number of pacas ki ... | 2014 | 25296203 |
| cardiothoracic ratio and vertebral heart scale in clinically normal black-rumped agoutis (dasyprocta prymnolopha, wagler 1831). | wild rodents, such as the lowland paca (cuniculus paca), capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), rock cavy (kerodon rupestris), guinea pig (cavia aperea), and black-rumped agouti (dasyprocta prymnolopha) are intensely hunted throughout amazonia and at the semiarid regions of northeastern brazil. to contribute to the preservation of these species, more information about their anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology is needed. the aim of this study was to standardize the vertebral heart scale (vhs) ... | 2015 | 26056885 |
| organisation and tyrosine hydroxylase and calretinin immunoreactivity in the main olfactory bulb of paca (cuniculus paca): a large caviomorph rodent. | the majority of neuroanatomical and chemical studies of the olfactory bulb have been performed in small rodents, such as rats and mice. thus, this study aimed to describe the organisation and the chemical neuroanatomy of the main olfactory bulb (mob) in paca, a large rodent belonging to the hystricomorpha suborder and caviomorpha infraorder. for this purpose, histological and immunohistochemical procedures were used to characterise the tyrosine hydroxylase (th) and calretinin (cr) neuronal popul ... | 2015 | 25622576 |
| bone morphology of the hind limbs in two caviomorph rodents. | in order to evaluate the hind limbs of caviomorph rodents a descriptive analysis of the cuniculus paca (linnaeus, 1766) and hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (linnaeus, 1766) was performed using anatomical specimens, radiography, computed tomography (ct) and full-coloured prototype models to generate bone anatomy data. the appendicular skeleton of the two largest rodents of neotropical america was compared with the previously reported anatomical features of rattus norvegicus (berkenhout, 1769) and domes ... | 2013 | 22731111 |
| ecological relationships of meso-scale distribution in 25 neotropical vertebrate species. | vertebrates are a vital ecological component of amazon forest biodiversity. although vertebrates are a functionally important part of various ecosystem services they continue to be threatened by anthropogenic impacts throughout the amazon. here we use a standardized, regularly spaced arrangement of camera traps within 25km2 to provide a baseline assessment of vertebrate species diversity in a sustainable use protected area in the eastern brazilian amazon. we examined seasonal differences in the ... | 2015 | 25938582 |
| water availability not fruitfall modulates the dry season distribution of frugivorous terrestrial vertebrates in a lowland amazon forest. | terrestrial vertebrate frugivores constitute one of the major guilds in tropical forests. previous studies show that the meso-scale distribution of this group is only weakly explained by variables such as altitude and tree basal area in lowland amazon forests. for the first time we test whether seasonally limiting resources (water and fallen fruit) affect the dry season distribution in 25 species of terrestrial vertebrates. to examine the effects of the spatial availability of fruit and water on ... | 2017 | 28301589 |
| convergence characteristics between a rodent, the south american lowland paca, and a ruminant, the african water chevrotain: an exemplary case study. | the level of convergence between a rodent, the south american lowland paca cuniculus paca, and a ruminant, the african water chevrotain hyemoschus aquaticus, is analysed using 231 characteristics belonging to different biological sectors. a convergence index is established based on the degree of rarity of each characteristic in each species compared to other members of its zoological group. although the divergent characteristics are as numerous as the convergent ones, the two species are globall ... | 2017 | 28268153 |
| are we headed towards the defaunation of the last large atlantic forest remnants? poaching activities in one of the largest remnants of the tabuleiro forests in southeastern brazil. | hunting is a problem to animal conservation in different parts of the world and it has caused the local extinction of several species. the aim of this study was to characterize the poaching activities in one of the main tabuleiro forest remnants of brazil, the linhares-sooretama block (lsb). poaching records from 2010 to 2013 were gathered from the agencies responsible for monitoring and combating environmental crimes in the lsb. a total of 693 records (mean = 173 events/year) were collected inv ... | 2017 | 28243929 |
| assessment of mammal reproduction for hunting sustainability through community-based sampling of species in the wild. | wildlife subsistence hunting is a major source of protein for tropical rural populations and a prominent conservation issue. the intrinsic rate of natural increase. (rmax ) of populations is a key reproductive parameter in the most used assessments of hunting sustainability. however, researchers face severe difficulties in obtaining reproductive data in the wild, so these assessments often rely on classic reproductive rates calculated mostly from studies of captive animals conducted 30 years ago ... | 2016 | 27917537 |
| protein requirements of finishing paca (cuniculus paca). | we conducted a nitrogen balance digestion trial to determine the crude protein requirements of paca (cuniculus paca) during the last growth phase. in a 4 × 4 latin square design, four young captive male pacas, aged 5 months, were fed four isoenergetic diets containing four different levels of nitrogen (n) (11.3, 16.6, 21.4, and 26.6 g n/kg of dry matter). after 15 days of adaptation, we collected all feces and urine for five consecutive days. by regression analysis between n intake and n in fece ... | 2016 | 27026234 |
| diagnostic cytochrome b gene profiles for the identification of paca (cuniculus paca) bushmeat: implications for the monitoring of illegal hunting and wildlife trade. | paca (cuniculus paca linnaeus, 1766) is the second largest rodent found in brazil. the quality of the meat and a long tradition of hunting have contributed to the decline of the natural populations of this species. hunting of paca is strictly prohibited in brazil, but in spite of this restriction, no forensic tools are available for the identification of the meat. we describe an efficient method, based on single nucleotide polymorphisms of the cytochrome b gene, that can be used to differentiate ... | 2016 | 26909623 |
| diagnostic cytochrome b gene profiles for the identification of paca (cuniculus paca) bushmeat: implications for the monitoring of illegal hunting and wildlife trade. | paca (cuniculus paca linnaeus, 1766) is the second largest rodent found in brazil. the quality of the meat and a long tradition of hunting have contributed to the decline of the natural populations of this species. hunting of paca is strictly prohibited in brazil, but in spite of this restriction, no forensic tools are available for the identification of the meat. we describe an efficient method, based on single nucleotide polymorphisms of the cytochrome b gene, that can be used to differentiate ... | 2016 | 26840589 |
| cultural significance of wild mammals in mayan and mestizo communities of the lacandon rainforest, chiapas, mexico. | several ethnobiology studies evaluate the cultural significance (cs) of plants and mushrooms. however, this is not the case for mammals. it is important to make studies of cs allowing the comparison of cultural groups because the value given to groups of organisms may be based on different criteria. such information would be valuable for wildlife preservation plans. in this study, the most culturally significant species of mammals from the lacandon rainforest (chiapas, mexico) for people from tw ... | 2015 | 25947968 |
| the hindlimb arterial vessels in lowland paca (cuniculus paca, linnaeus 1766). | this study aims to describe the origin and distribution of the hindlimb arterial vessels. five adult lowland pacas (cuniculus paca) were used. stained and diluted latex was injected, caudally to the aorta. after fixation in 10% paraformaldehyde for 72 h, we dissected to visualize and identify the vessels. it was found out that the vascularization of the hindlimb in lowland paca derives from the terminal branch of the abdominal aorta. the common iliac artery divides into external iliac and intern ... | 2016 | 25370292 |
| monitoring the status and trends of tropical forest terrestrial vertebrate communities from camera trap data: a tool for conservation. | reducing the loss of biodiversity is key to ensure the future well being of the planet. indicators to measure the state of biodiversity should come from primary data that are collected using consistent field methods across several sites, longitudinal, and derived using sound statistical methods that correct for observation/detection bias. in this paper we analyze camera trap data collected between 2008 and 2012 at a site in costa rica (volcan barva transect) as part of an ongoing tropical forest ... | 2013 | 24023898 |
| dietary breadth of the animal protein consumed by riverine communities in the tapajós national forest, brazil. | in small-scale human settlements, the acquisition of animal protein is strictly related to subsistence activities, and yours dietary habits are determined by the availability and the selectivity permitted by the diversity of these resources. this study analyzed the consumption of animal protein sources in seven traditional riverine communities of the tapajos national forest, located in eastern brazilian amazonia, considering fish, game meat and domestic animals. the analysis of animal protein co ... | 2013 | 23894979 |
| functional morphology of the genital organs in the wild paca (cuniculus paca) female. | functional morphology of the genital organs is a key knowledge component for enhanced understanding of physiological patterns and for the determination of the reproductive performance in wild species. this study examines the morphology of genital organs of 133 paca females in the wild. estimated conceptions and parturitions were mostly (83.7% and 75.5%, respectively) localized in the wet season. the pregnancy rate between 57.1% and 61.4% suggests an estimated yearly production of 1.37-1.48 partu ... | 2013 | 23890804 |
| use of the paca, cuniculus paca (rodentia: agoutidae) in the sierra de tabasco state park, mexico. | cuniculus paca is widely distributed throughout the neotropics. known as the paca, it is the largest rodent in the mexican tropical forests, and one of the most used as a subsistence species for its meat. since colonial times, this species has been subject of an unreported hunting pressure. for this reason, the aim of this work was to describe the use of the paca by the inhabitants of the sierra de tabasco state park (stsp) using sampling areas in a matrix of vegetation with different degrees of ... | 2012 | 23025103 |
| fine structure of the tapetum lucidum of the paca cuniculus paca. | the tapetum lucidum of the paca or spotted cavy (cuniculus paca) has been studied by light and electron microscopy. the reflective layer in this species is a tapetum cellulosum situated in the choroid of the superior fundus. posteriorly, the tapetum is composed of several layers of ovoid to flattened cells while peripherally the tapetum gradually thins down and disappears. within the tapetal cells most cell organelles are located near the nucleus. the dominant feature of these cells is, however, ... | 1993 | 8317201 |
| [osteology of the paca (cuniculus paca) waist and limbs]. | | 1988 | 3389528 |
| [the behavior of cuniculus paca (rodentia, dasyproctidae) in captivity]. | | 1970 | 5517257 |
| duration of spermatogenesis and spermatogenic efficiency in 2 large neotropical rodent species: the agouti (dasyprocta leporina) and paca (agouti paca). | the agouti (dasyprocta leporina) and paca (agouti paca) are among the largest extant rodent species. although these species have considerable economic potential, there are few reports in the literature concerning male reproductive biology in sexually mature agoutis and pacas. the objectives of the present study were to perform detailed stereologic and histologic analyses of the testis and estimate spermatogenic cycle length in these 2 neotropical rodent species as well as to compare the data wit ... | 2010 | 20378926 |
| placentation in the capybara (hydrochaerus hydrochaeris), agouti (dasyprocta aguti) and paca (agouti paca). | placentae of three hystricimorph rodents--capybara, agouti and paca--were examined by conventional histology, immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin and vimentin, and tunel staining. the placentae were divided into lobules of labyrinthine syncytium separated by interlobular and marginal trophoblast. the subplacenta comprised cytotrophoblasts, supported on lamellae of allantoic mesoderm, and syncytiotrophoblast. the central excavation was still apparent in the definitive placenta of capybara. in ag ... | 2002 | 12061858 |
| morphology of accessory genital glands of spotted paca (agouti paca linnaeus, 1766). | the spotted paca is the second largest rodent in brazil, where it is of great economic interest in impoverished regions in view of its prominence as a low-cost source of protein. little is known about the morphology of the accessory genital glands of this species. thus, we studied the position and morphology of the genitals in ten adult male spotted pacas. the animals were divided into two groups, five animals were used for fixing of samples in 10% aqueous formaldehyde for macroscopic studies an ... | 2014 | 24461579 |
| microscopic characterization of teeth of pacas bred in captivity (agouti paca, linnaeus, 1766). | the microscopic description of the teeth of pacas (agouti paca) bred in captivity was developed for providing biological data on one of the largest american wild rodents, as not many references exist in the literature about this species. two newborn males, two adult males (9 and 72 months old), one newborn female and two adult females (30 and 54 months old) were used after death due to fights, neonatal cannibalism or unknown causes. animals were radiographed, and their teeth were extracted and p ... | 2007 | 17845228 |
| ultrastructural features of the lining epithelium of the vas deferens of agouti paca. | the epididymal epithelium of agouti paca, a wild south american rodent, was basically formed by principal and basal cells. principal cells were closely related to processes of adsorptive endocytosis, phase-fluid endocytosis and also secretion originating from their cytoplasmic ultrastructural features. principal cells were also characterized by the presence of vesicles of several shapes, sizes and internalized content occurring in smaller pits, pale small vesicles next to the apical brush border ... | 2007 | 17784645 |
| anatomoradiographic description of the teeth of pacas bred in captivity (agouti paca, linnaeus, 1766). | two newborn males, two adult males 9 and 72 months old, one newborn female and two adult females of 30 and 54 months old pacas were used. animals were radiographed on lateral recumbency, teeth were extracted and the vestibulolingual and mesiodistal lengths were achieved at the occlusal surface, besides the longitudinal length. the lower incisors presented greater length in relation to the other ones and sinuous shape; the upper incisors, relatively smaller, are practically straight. there is no ... | 2006 | 16968251 |
| [annual follow-up of the gastrointestinal parasitosis of the tepezcuintle, agouti paca (rodentia: agoutidae) in captivity in the mexican tropic]. | previous reports showed that the tepezcuintle (agouti paca) is commonly infested by gastrointestinal parasites (gip), mainly eucoccidiida and helminths. however, there is no available information on the frequency of those parasites and their faecal egg excretions at different moments during the year. these information would provide a valuable baseline for the establishment of control strategies against gip in tepezcuintles under captivity. the objectives of the present study were to determine th ... | 2006 | 12189798 |
| novel piroplasmid and hepatozoon organisms infecting the wildlife of two regions of the brazilian amazon. | during 2009-2012, wild animals were sampled in two areas within the amazon biome of brazil, in the states of mato grosso and pará. animal tissues and blood were molecularly tested for the presence of piroplasmida (genera babesia, theileria, cytauxzoon) or hepatozoon dna. overall, 181 wild animals comprising 36 different species (2 reptiles, 5 birds, and 29 mammals) were sampled. the following piroplasmida agents were detected: cytauxzoon felis in one ocelot (leopardus pardalis), theileria cervi ... | 2017 | 28603688 |
| vocal complexity and sociality in spotted paca (cuniculus paca). | the evolution of sociality is related to many ecological factors that act on animals as selective forces, thus driving the formation of groups. group size will depend on the payoffs of group living. the social complexity hypothesis for communication (schc) predicts that increases in group size will be related to increases in the complexity of the communication among individuals. this hypothesis, which was confirmed in some mammal societies, may be useful to trace sociality in the spotted paca (c ... | 2018 | 29364898 |
| first parasitological, histopathological and molecular characterization of echinococcus vogeli rausch and bernstein, 1972 from cuniculus paca linnaeus, 1766 in the cerrado biome (mato grosso do sul, brazil). | polycystic echinococcosis (pe) is caused by echinococcus vogeli metacestodes (larval stage) in neotropical countries. e. vogeli is trophically-transmitted between predators bush dogs (speothos venaticus) and prey pacas (cuniculus paca). in brazil, reported pe cases are restricted to the amazon biome. in this study, metacestodes from a paca hunted in mato grosso do sul state (cerrado biome) were identified morphological and histopathological techniques and further confirmed by molecular testing ( ... | 2018 | 29329621 |
| prevalence of trypanosoma cruzi and other trypanosomatids in frequently-hunted wild mammals from the peruvian amazon. | to better understand the ecology of trypanosoma cruzi in the northeastern peruvian amazon, we evaluated the prevalence of t. cruzi and other trypanosomatids in four orders of wild mammals hunted and consumed by inhabitants of three remote indigenous communities in the peruvian amazon. of 300 wild mammals sampled, 115 (38.3%) were infected with trypanosomatids and 15 (5.0%) with t. cruzi. the prevalence of t. cruzi within each species was as follows: large rodents (cuniculus paca, 5.5%; dasyproct ... | 2017 | 29140234 |
| embryonic and fetal morphology in the lowland paca (cuniculus paca): a precocial hystricomorph rodent. | in mammals, the embryonic and fetal development of a species has evolved to maximize neonatal survival. in this study, we use a sample of 132 embryos/fetuses of wild lowland paca (cuniculus paca), obtained over a period of 15 years through collaborative methods with local hunters in the amazon to describe the intrauterine development of external and internal morphology of this neotropical rodent. we also compare the newborn survival strategy in this species with other rodents. the crown-rump len ... | 2017 | 28802114 |
| ophthalmic parameters in adult lowland paca (cuniculus paca) raised in captivity. | to investigate the ophthalmic parameters of lowland pacas, including the anatomic features, tear production, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, and morphology of the corneal endothelium. | 2018 | 28480600 |
| light microscope observations on the epididymis of paca (agouti paca). | the features of paca epididymis, based on its appearance in light microscope, is described in this paper. the cellular population of the epithelial lining comprises principal cells, basal cells, apical cells, narrows cells, and hallo cells. the epididymis is divided in five distinct and continuous regions, zone i, or initial segment, and zone ii, are both localized into the head. zone iii comprises the distal head and all the body. zones iv and v are restricted to the tail, in the proximal and d ... | 2013 | 23898581 |
| diversity of sandflies (psychodidae: phlebotominae) captured in sandstone caves from central amazonia, brazil. | in the present paper we describe the diversity of phlebotomine sandflies collected in three sandstone caves in the municipality of presidente figueiredo, state of amazonas, brazil. the phlebotomines were captured during 2006 with cdc light traps. guano samples from inside the gruta refúgio do maruaga were collected to investigate the presence of immature specimens. a total of 2,160 adult phlebotomines representing 15 species were captured. pintomyia pacae was the dominant species in gruta dos an ... | 2011 | 21655825 |
| the developing left superior cervical ganglion of pacas (agouti paca). | in this study the main question investigated was the number and size of both binucleate and mononucleate superior cervical ganglion (scg) neurons and, whether post-natal development would affect these parameters. twenty left scgs from 20 male pacas were used. four different ages were investigated, that is newborn (4 days), young (45 days), adult (2 years), and aged animals (7 years). by using design-based stereological methods, that is the cavalieri principle and a physical disector combined wit ... | 2009 | 19479966 |
| asymmetric post-natal development of superior cervical ganglion of paca (agouti paca). | functional asymmetry has been reported in sympathetic ganglia. although there are few studies reporting on body side-related morphoquantitative changes in sympathetic ganglion neurons, none of them have used design-based stereological methods to address this issue during post-natal development. we therefore aimed at detecting possible asymmetry-related effects on the quantitative structure of the superior cervical ganglion (scg) from pacas during ageing, using very precise design-based stereolog ... | 2009 | 19026737 |
| [nucleotidic variations of two captive groups of tepezcuintle, agouti paca (rodentia: agoutidae), from two sites in yucatan, mexico]. | the objective of this work was to estimate the nucleotidic variation between two groups of tepezcuintles (agouti paca) from the states of campeche and quintana roo, mexico and within members of each group. blood samples were collected from eleven a. paca kept in captivity. dna from leukocytic cells was used for ramdom amplification of dna polimorphism (rapd). the primers three 5'-d(gtagacccgt)- 3' and six 5'-d(cccgtcagca)- 3' were selected from de amersham kit (ready.to.go. rapd analysis beads, ... | 2006 | 18491632 |
| [ovarian activity of agouti paca (rodentia: agoutidae) under captivity]. | the ovarian activity of agouti paca was characterized by hormonal profiles and ovarian structures. samples of blood were taken from eight females (seven adults and one juvenile) at the breeding grounds of the facultad de medicina veterinaria y zootecnia in yucatśn, mexico. sampling lasted approximately two months and was done every three and six days. blood was collected from anesthetized animals, and the levels of progesterone (p4) and 17 beta estradiol (e2) were analized by radioimmunoassay te ... | 2006 | 18491631 |
| placentation in the paca (agouti paca l). | the paca is a south american rodent with potential as a commercial food animal. we examined paca placenta as part of a wider effort to understand the reproductive biology of this species. | 2005 | 15737234 |
| [the jaguar panthera onca (carnivora: felidae) in “el cielo” biosphere reserve, tamaulipas, mexico]. | information on the ecology of jaguars (panthera onca) in “el cielo” biosphere reserve in tamaulipas, mexico is scant and limited to anecdotic records in a handful of publications. the objectives of our study were to: a) determine population density and structure of jaguars, b) compare their activity patterns with that of pumas (puma concolor), c) ascertain potential prey relative abundance, and d) evaluate local resident’s perception on loss of domestic animals due to jaguar predation. between a ... | 2016 | 29465909 |
| natural habitat, housing, and restraint of six selected neotropical animals in trinidad and tobago with the potential for domestication. | this paper highlights the natural habitat, housing, and restraint needs of 6 neotropical animals that are found in trinidad and tobago with the potential for domestication: agouti (dasyprocta leporina), lappe/paca (cuniculus paca/agouti paca), capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), manicou/opossum (didelphis marsupialis insularis), collared peccary (tayassu tajacu/pecari tajacu), and red brocket deer (mazama americana). the year of the earliest reference cited was 1950 and the most recent was 201 ... | 2020 | 32300488 |
| endoparasites of selected native non-domesticated mammals in the neotropics (new world tropics). | in this review, information was summarized on endoparasites found in six non-domesticated neotropical animals. these mammals have the potential to be domesticated. the animals included three rodents, agouti (dasyprocta leporina), lappe (agouti paca), and capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris); a marsupial, manicou (didelphis marsupialis insularis); and an artiodactyl, the collared peccary (tayassu tajacu/peccari tajacu) and a ruminant (the red brocket deer, mazama americana). while there are many ... | 2019 | 31671585 |
| nutrition of six selected neo-tropical mammals in trinidad and tobago with the potential for domestication. | this review highlights the available literature on the nutrition of six neo-tropical animals with the potential for domestication-the agouti (dasyprocta leporina/d. aguti), lappe (agouti paca), capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), manicou/opossum (didelphis marsupialis insularis), collared peccary (peccary tajucu) and the red brokcet deer (mazama americana). over 100 references were used, spanning over 100 years. the earliest being 1915 and the most recent being 2018. the references used in thi ... | 2018 | 29757965 |
| antibodies against brucella abortus and leptospira spp. in captive mammals in the states of pará and rio grande do norte, brazil. | brazil has a large variety of wild animal species, but limited data are available on the occurrence of brucella abortus and leptospira spp. antibodies in these animals. sera from 141 captive mammals belonging to 11 different species from the northern and northeastern regions of brazil were screened. antibodies against b. abortus and leptospira spp. (24 live serovars) were investigated using the rose bengal plate and microscopic agglutination tests, respectively. associations between the age, gen ... | 2018 | 29900792 |
| age at sexual maturity, first parturition and reproductive senescence in wild lowland pacas (cuniculus paca): implications for harvest sustainability. | generation length (gl) of a mammal, calculated through the age at sexual maturity, first reproduction and reproductive senescence can be used to assess the capacity of a population of a species to withstand differing amounts of hunting pressure by humans without depletion of animal numbers. due to the lack of reproductive data for wild mammals, the gl is often difficult to determine for most species. in the present study, the gl parameters were assessed for the wild lowland paca (cuniculus paca) ... | 2019 | 31060921 |
| activity pattern of medium and large sized mammals and density estimates of cuniculus paca (rodentia: cuniculidae) in the brazilian pampa. | between july 2014 and april 2015, we conducted weekly inventories of the circadian activity patterns of mammals in passo novo locality, municipality of alegrete, southern brazil. the vegetation is comprised by a grassy-woody steppe (grassland). we used two camera traps alternately located on one of four 1 km transects, each separated by 1 km. we classified the activity pattern of species by the percentage of photographic records taken in each daily period. we identify cuniculus paca individuals ... | 2018 | 29489928 |
| heterologous microsatellite primers are informative for paca (cuniculus paca), a large rodent with economic and ecological importance. | this study was designed to facilitate genetic studies that would allow information on population structure and genetic diversity of natural or captive stocks of paca (cuniculus paca), a species of ecological and socioeconomic importance, by testing cross-amplification of 20 heterologous microsatellite primer pairs developed for guinea pigs (cavia porcellus) and capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). | 2020 | 33028373 |
| visceral infection by porocephalus spp. (pentastomida) in neotropical wild mammals. | larval stages of pentastomids were collected from different organs of small mammals from the peruvian amazon. these parasitized mammals included: a western amazonian oryzomys (hylaeamys perenensis), an elegant oryzomys (euryoryzomys nitidus), a lowland paca (cuniculus paca), two kinkajous (potos flavus), two silvery woolly monkeys (lagothrix poeppigii) and a brown-mantled tamarin (leontocebus fuscicollis). pentastomids were found in the mesentery and parenchyma of the liver and lungs of these an ... | 2020 | 32238198 |
| suspected hypervitaminosis d in red-rumped agouti ( dasyprocta leporina) receiving a commercial rodent diet. | an 8 yr, intact male red-rumped agouti ( dasyprocta leporina) was evaluated for weight loss. examination revealed poor body condition, hypercalcemia, elevated serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d, metastatic calcification of soft tissues, and hyperechoic kidneys. the diet, formulated for laboratory rodents, contained elevated levels of vitamin d3. histopathology from a female conspecific that died 5 mo prior identified dystrophic mineralization and nephrosclerosis, suggestive of a vitamin d3 toxicity. the ... | 2018 | 29517453 |
| hunters and hunting across indigenous and colonist communities at the forest-agriculture interface: an ethnozoological study from the peruvian amazon. | wildlife has been traditionally used by forest communities as a source of protein, and the peruvian amazon is no exception. the articulation of colonist and indigenous communities to urban centers and markets results in changes in livelihood strategies and impacts on wildlife populations. to address the threat of overhunting and forest conversion, we provide a generalized characterization of colonist and indigenous communities and their hunting activities near pucallpa, ucayali, peru. | 2018 | 30097060 |
| multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica isolated in paca (cuniculus paca) carcasses from the belen market, iquitos, perú. | the consumption of wildlife meat is traditionally accepted in the peruvian amazon; however, little is known about the pathogens present in this type of food. one of the most frequently consumed species is a rodent, the paca (cuniculus paca) or "majaz" in the peruvian language. the objective of this study was to determine the presence of salmonella enterica and its antimicrobial resistance profile in paca carcasses sold in the belen market of iquitos-peru. an observational, descriptive, cross-sec ... | 2020 | 33085530 |
| fetal bone development in the lowland paca (cuniculus paca, rodentia, cuniculidae) determined using ultrasonography. | studying the timing of the main events of embryonic and fetal development may clarify the strategies adopted by species to maximize neonatal survival and the consequences of these events for their life history. this study describes bone development during the fetal phase of the lowland paca (cuniculus paca), comparing it with other precocial or altricial species, and its relationship with the species' adaptive strategies. a total of 102 embryos/fetuses obtained over the course of 17 years throug ... | 2020 | 32255516 |
| ovum pick-up and in vitro maturation in spotted paca (cuniculus paca-linnaeus, 1766). | we tested fshp, ecg and fshp + ecg to establish ovum pick-up (opu) and in vitro maturation method in spotted paca. eight healthy adult females were subjected to each of four treatments to stimulate ovarian follicular growth. all females were subjected to a hormonal protocol using a single dose of 45 mg of injectable progesterone and single intramuscular injection of 0.075 mg d-cloprostenol on day 6. ovarian stimulation was carried out as follows: in group tfe (fshp and ecg), animals were treated ... | 2020 | 31916295 |
| corrigendum to 'embryonic and fetal morphology in the lowland paca (cuniculus paca): a precocial hystricomorph rodent' [theriogenology 104 (2017) 7-17]. | | 2019 | 31023442 |
| effect of different feeding regimes on cecotrophy behavior and retention of solute and particle markers in the digestive tract of paca (cuniculus paca). | many small herbivores practice cecotrophy - the ingestion of special feces enriched in microbial protein by colonic separation mechanisms (csm). in digesta passage experiments, secondary marker excretion peaks in feces are considered indicative of marker-reingestion via cecotrophy, but corroboration by behavioral observation was lacking so far. the paca (cuniculus paca), a neotropical hystricomorph rodent, produces two different kinds of feces (hard and soft) and practices cecotrophy either dire ... | 2018 | 30165242 |
| direct and indirect caecotrophy behaviour in paca (cuniculus paca). | the colonic separation mechanism in lagomorphs and some rodents, associated with caecotrophy, serves to retain microbial protein. as tropical fruits have low protein concentrations, caecotrophy could be an important microbial protein source in frugivorous rodents such as the paca (cuniculus paca). due to conflicting reports on the occurrence of caecotrophy in this species, we obtained digestive tracts of three adult animals and observed the behaviour of four specimens maintained on a diet of a p ... | 2018 | 30006982 |