| organization of ribosomal dna in the basidiomycete thanatephorus praticola. | | 1990 | 2249259 |
| mating type-correlated molecular markers and demonstration of heterokaryosis in the phytopathogenic fungus thanatephorus cucumeris (rhizoctonia solani) ag 1-ic by aflp dna fingerprinting analysis. | the destructive soil-borne plant pathogenic basidiomycetous fungus thanatephorus cucumeris (frank) donk [anamorph: rhizoctonia solani kühn] is not a homogeneous species, but is composed of at least twelve anastomosis groups (ag), which seem to be genetically isolated. the genetics of several t. cucumeris anastomosis groups has been studied by analysis of heterokaryotic tuft formation in the area of contact between homokaryotic single-spore isolates, revealing that ag 1 is heterokaryotic and bipo ... | 1999 | 9987848 |
| high levels of gene flow and heterozygote excess characterize rhizoctonia solani ag-1 ia (thanatephorus cucumeris) from texas. | to date, much of the genetics of the basidiomycete thanatephorus cucumeris (anamorph = rhizoctonia solani) remains unknown. here, we present a population genetics study using codominant markers to augment laboratory analyses. seven single-copy nuclear rflp markers were used to examine 182 isolates of rhizoctonia solani ag-1 ia collected from six commercial rice fields in texas. thirty-six multilocus rflp genotypes were identified. population subdivision analyses indicated a high degree of gene f ... | 1999 | 10669581 |
| a unique dye-decolorizing peroxidase, dyp, from thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1: heterologous expression, crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis. | the dye-decolorizing peroxidase dyp is a key enzyme in the decolorizing fungus thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1 that degrades azo and antraquinone dyes. the gene dyp from t. cucumeris dec 1, which has low homology to other peroxidase genes, was cloned and transformed into aspergillus oryzae and glycosylated dyp was expressed at high levels. purified dyp was deglycosylated using gst endo f1 and then crystallized in a strong magnetic field (10 t) at 283 k using ammonium sulfate as precipitant. x-ray ... | 2004 | 14684913 |
| genetic diversity in potato field populations of thanatephorus cucumeris ag-3, revealed by its polymorphism and rapd markers. | dna sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (its1) and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers were used to survey genetic variability in relation to agronomic and regional factors among 60 isolates of thanatephorus cucumeris (anamorph rhizoctonia solani) collected from lesions on potato stems or sclerotia of potato tubers. based on comparative sequence analysis it was shown that all isolates belonged to anastomosis group 3 subgroup potato type (ag-3 pt). its1 seque ... | 2003 | 15000234 |
| characterization of cell wall degrading enzymes of thanatephorus cucumeris. | thanatephorus cucumeris is a ubiquitous fungus responsible for many types of plant diseases worldwide. all isolates from infected hevea brasiliensis trees secreted pectolytic enzymes; polygalacturonase (pg), pectin lyase (pl) and cellulolytic enzymes; beta-glucosidase and cellobiase in culture. the extracts of the rubber tree leaf tissues, inoculated with t. cucumeris did not show any pg activity. however, pl activity was detected in tissue with the establishment of the infection. the levels of ... | 2004 | 15008348 |
| role of h164 in a unique dye-decolorizing heme peroxidase dyp. | the expression system of a unique dye-decolorizing peroxidase dyp in escherichia coli has been constructed. the molecular mass of the expressed dyp (edyp) is 47kda, indicating no any modification with saccharides. the characteristics of edyp were almost the same as those of native dyp from a fungus thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1 and recombinant dyp with aspergillus oryzae except thermostability. as h164 was suggested to be the proximal histidine based on the preliminary x-ray crystallographic ana ... | 2004 | 15313183 |
| complete decolorization of the anthraquinone dye reactive blue 5 by the concerted action of two peroxidases from thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1. | it is useful to identify and examine organisms that may prove useful for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. here, we report the purification and characterization of a new versatile peroxidase (vp) from the decolorizing microbe, thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1 (tcvp1). the purified tcvp1 after mono p column chromatography showed a single band at 43 kda on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. amino acid sequencing revealed that the n terminus of tcvp1 had the highest ... | 2006 | 16944133 |
| heterokaryon formation in thanatephorus cucumeris anastomosis group 2-2 iv. | thirty single basidiospore isolates (sbis) obtained from four field isolates of the basidiomycete fungus thanatephorus cucumeris ag 2-2 iv were examined for heterokaryon formation. sbis of three of four field isolates (rh509, 92155 and r94) did not produce a tuft of mycelium in the hyphal interaction zone between paired isolates on 2% charcoal agar. field isolates rh509, 92155 and r94 indicated no death of interacting mycelium with their progenies on glass slide and microscopic examination. aflp ... | 2006 | 17256576 |
| [controlling effects of multiple species coexistence on rice diseases, pests and weeds in paddy field ecosystem]. | establishing a species-diversified cropping system to control crop diseases, insect pests and weeds is an important approach to sustainable agricultural development. this paper reviewed the researches on paddy field species-diversified cropping systems at home and abroad, and discussed the controlling effects and mechanisms of multiple species coexistence on rice diseases, pests and weeds control. the multiple species coexistence models such as rice-fish, rice-duck, rice-azolla-fish and rice-azo ... | 2007 | 17650871 |
| identification and structural characterization of heme binding in a novel dye-decolorizing peroxidase, tyra. | tyra is a member of the dye-decolorizing peroxidase (dyp) family, a new family of heme-dependent peroxidase recently identified in fungi and bacteria. here, we report the crystal structure of tyra in complex with iron protoporphyrin (ix) at 2.3 a. tyra is a dimer, with each monomer exhibiting a two-domain, alpha/beta ferredoxin-like fold. both domains contribute to the heme-binding site. co-crystallization in the presence of an excess of iron protoporphyrin (ix) chloride allowed for the unambigu ... | 2007 | 17654547 |
| dyp, a unique dye-decolorizing peroxidase, represents a novel heme peroxidase family: asp171 replaces the distal histidine of classical peroxidases. | dyp, a unique dye-decolorizing enzyme from the fungus thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1, has been classified as a peroxidase but lacks homology to almost all other known plant peroxidases. the primary structure of dyp shows moderate sequence homology to only two known proteins: the peroxide-dependent phenol oxidase, tap, and the hypothetical peroxidase, cpop21. here, we show the first crystal structure of dyp and reveal that this protein has a unique tertiary structure with a distal heme region that ... | 2007 | 17928290 |
| novel peroxidases of marasmius scorodonius degrade beta-carotene. | two extracellular enzymes (msp1 and msp2) capable of efficient beta-carotene degradation were purified from culture supernatants of the basidiomycete marasmius scorodonius (garlic mushroom). under native conditions, the enzymes exhibited molecular masses of approximately 150 and approximately 120 kda, respectively. sds-page and mass spectrometric data suggested a composition of two identical subunits for both enzymes. biochemical characterisation of the purified proteins showed isoelectric point ... | 2008 | 18038130 |
| intergeneric transfer of ribosomal genes between two fungi. | horizontal gene transfer, also called lateral gene transfer, frequently occurs among prokaryotic organisms, and is considered an important force in their evolution. however, there are relatively few reports of transfer to or from fungi, with some notable exceptions in the acquisition of prokaryotic genes. some fungal species have been found to contain sequences resembling those of bacterial genes, and with such sequences absent in other fungal species, this has been interpreted as horizontal gen ... | 2008 | 18366664 |
| heterokaryon formation in thanatephorus cucumeris (rhizoctonia solani) ag-1 ic. | approximately 50 single-basidiospore isolates (sbis) obtained from each of 16 field isolates of thanatephorus cucumeris ag-1 ic were examined for heterokaryon formation. all sbis obtained from each field isolate were divided into two mating groups (sbis-m1 and sbis-m2), and tufts of mycelia were formed in the contact zone between colonies of paired sbis-m1 and -m2 based on 0.5 % charcoal agar medium. tufts were produced from all possible pairing between sbis from non-parental field isolates. hyp ... | 2008 | 18692371 |
| a one-step, immunochromatographic lateral flow device specific to rhizoctonia solani and certain related species, and its use to detect and quantify r. solani in soil. | abstract a murine hybridoma cell line gd2 secreting an immunoglobulin (ig)m monoclonal antibody (mab) was produced against surface antigens from an anastomosis group (ag) 4 isolate of rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph: thanatephorus cucumeris). ascites were produced in mice using gd2 hybridoma cells and used to develop a rapid immunochromatographic lateral flow device (lfd) for the detection of antigens from r. solani and certain related rhizoctonia spp. the lfd was tested for specificity against s ... | 2004 | 18943976 |
| effects of different 3-year cropping systems on soil microbial communities and rhizoctonia diseases of potato. | abstract eight different 3-year cropping systems, consisting of soybean-canola, soybean-barley, sweet corn-canola, sweet corn-soybean, green bean-sweet corn, canola-sweet corn, barley-clover, and continuous potato (non-rotation control) followed by potato as the third crop in all systems, were established in replicated field plots with two rotation entry points in presque isle, me, in 1998. cropping system effects on soil microbial community characteristics based on culturable soil microbial pop ... | 2006 | 18944206 |
| characterization of mycorrhizal isolates of rhizoctonia solani from an orchid, including ag-12, a new anastomosis group. | abstract isolates of rhizoctonia solani collected from mycorrhizal orchid (pterostylis acuminata) plants and adjacent leaf litter were characterized. of 23 selected isolates, 20 were members of a new anastomosis group (ag-12) and the rest were members of ag-6. there were no bridging anastomosis reactions observed between ag-12 and other ags of r. solani. among the 20 isolates of ag-12 evaluated, 18 vegetatively compatible populations were detected, indicating diversity within the ag. mature cult ... | 1999 | 18944739 |
| degradation pathway of an anthraquinone dye catalyzed by a unique peroxidase dyp from thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1. | the reactants produced by action of a purified unique dye-decolorizing peroxidase, dyp, on a commercial anthraquinone dye, reactive blue 5, were investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (esi-ms), thin-layer chromatography (tlc), and (1)h- and (13)c- nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr). the results of esi-ms analysis showed that phthalic acid, a product 2 (molecular weight 472.5), and a product 3 (molecular weight 301.5), were produced. product 2 and product 3 were generated by u ... | 2009 | 19009358 |
| dyp-type peroxidases comprise a novel heme peroxidase family. | dye-decolorizing peroxidase (dyp) is produced by a basidiomycete (thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1) and is a member of a novel heme peroxidase family (dyp-type peroxidase family) that appears to be distinct from general peroxidases. thus far, 80 putative members of this family have been registered in the peroxibase database (http://peroxibase.isbsib.ch/) and more than 400 homologous proteins have been detected via psi-blast search. although few studies have characterized the function and structure ... | 2009 | 19099183 |
| efficient dye decolorization and production of dye decolorizing enzymes by the basidiomycete thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1 in a liquid and solid hybrid culture. | thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1, a basidiomycete, is a promising decomposer of several xenobiotics. air-membrane surface bioreactor culture (ams culture), a hybrid between solid-state and submerged culture, was used for dec 1 growth. the optimum temperature for ams culture (25 degrees c) was lower than that for submerged culture (30 degrees c). fungal growth was almost the same in ams culture as in submerged culture at optimum temperatures. however, protein secretion, dye decolorizing peroxidase ( ... | 2008 | 19111644 |
| optimized protein extraction methods for proteomic analysis of rhizoctonia solani. | rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph: thanatephorus cucumeris, t. praticola) is a basidiomycetous fungus and a major cause of root diseases of economically important plants. various isolates of this fungus are also beneficially associated with orchids, may serve as biocontrol agents or remain as saprophytes with roles in decaying and recycling of soil organic matter. r. solani displays several hyphal anastomosis groups (ag) with distinct host and pathogenic specializations. even though there are repor ... | 2008 | 19202841 |
| purification and characterization of two dyp isozymes from thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1 specifically expressed in an air-membrane surface bioreactor. | dyp isozymes (dyp2 and dyp3) from the culture fluid of the fungus thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1 by air-membrane surface bioreactor were purified and characterized. the characteristics of dyp2 were almost the same as those of a recombinant dyp reported previously, but different from dyp3. | 2009 | 19217546 |
| comparison of techniques to examine the diversity of fungi in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. | this study compares conventional and molecular techniques for the detection of fungi in 77 adult cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. three different methods were investigated, i.e., (1) conventional microbiological culture (including yeasts and filamentous fungi), (2) mycological culture with cf-derived fungal specific culture media, and (3) non-culture and direct dna extraction from patient sputa. fungi isolated from environmental air samples of the cf unit were compared to fungi in sputa from cf pa ... | 2010 | 19672783 |
| dyp-like peroxidases of the jelly fungus auricularia auricula-judae oxidize nonphenolic lignin model compounds and high-redox potential dyes. | the jelly fungus auricularia auricula-judae produced an enzyme with manganese-independent peroxidase activity during growth on beech wood (approximately 300 u l(-1)). the same enzymatic activity was detected and produced at larger scale in agitated cultures comprising of liquid, plant-based media (e.g. tomato juice suspensions) at levels up to 8,000 u l(-1). two pure peroxidase forms (a. auricula-judae peroxidase (ajp i and ajp ii) could be obtained from respective culture liquids by three chrom ... | 2010 | 19756587 |
| effect of continuous olive mill wastewater applications, in the presence and absence of nitrogen fertilization, on the structure of rhizosphere-soil fungal communities. | olive mill wastewater (omw) is rich in potentially toxic organics precluding its disposal into water receptors. however, land application of diluted omw may result in safe disposal and fertilization. in order to investigate the effects of omw on the structure of soil fungal groups, omw was applied daily to pepper plants growing in a loamy sand and a sandy loam at two doses for a period of 3 months (total omw equivalents 900 and 1800 m(3) ha(-1)). nitrogen (n) fertilization alleviated n scarcity ... | 2009 | 19799632 |
| synthesis and fungicidal activity of aryl carbamic acid-5-aryl-2-furanmethyl ester. | chitin, a major structural component of insect cuticle and fungus cell wall but absent in plants and vertebrates, is regarded as a safe and selective target for pest control agents. chitin synthesis inhibitors (csis) have been well-known as insect growth regulators (igrs) but rarely found as fungicides in agriculture. to find novel csis with good activity, benzoylphenylurea, a typical kind of csis, was chosen as the lead compound and 26 novel aryl carbamic acid-5-aryl-2-furanmethyl esters were d ... | 2010 | 20151651 |
| disease-reducing effect of chromolaena odorata extract on sheath blight and other rice diseases. | sheath blight caused by rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph: thanatephorus cucumeris) is a major cause of crop loss in intensive rice production systems. no economically viable control methods have been developed. we screened aqueous extracts of common herbal plants that could reduce sheath blight lesions and found that foliar spraying and seed soaking application of extracts of either fresh or dried leaves of chromolaena odorata gave up to 68% reduction in sheath blight lesion lengths under controll ... | 2011 | 20839964 |
| the fungicidal terpenoids and essential oil from litsea cubeba in tibet. | a new c₉ monoterpenoid acid (litseacubebic acid, 1) and a known monoterpene lactone (6r)-3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-2-octen-6-olide (2), along with three known compounds--vanillic acid (3), trans-3,4,5-trimethoxylcinnamyl alcohol (4), and oxonantenine (5)--were isolated with bioassay-guided purification from the fruit extract of litsea cubeba collected in tibet. the structure of 1 was elucidated by ms, ¹h-nmr, ¹³c-nmr, cosy, hsqc, hmbc, noe spectral data as 2,6-dimethyl-6-hydroxy-2e,4e-hepta-2,4-die ... | 2010 | 20944522 |
| genetic diversity of rhizoctonia solani ag-3 from potato and tobacco in north carolina. | anastomosis group 3 (ag-3) of rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph = thanatephorus cucumeris) is frequently associated with diseases of potato (ag-3 pt) and tobacco (ag-3 tb). although isolates of r. solani ag-3 from these two solanaceous hosts are somatically related based on anastomosis reaction and taxonomically related based on fatty acid, isozyme and dna characters, considerable differences are evident in their biology, ecology, and epidemiology. however, genetic diversity among field populations ... | 2002 | 21156515 |
| tobacco leaf spot and root rot caused by rhizoctonia solani kühn. | rhizoctonia solani kühn is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes disease in a wide range of plants worldwide. strains of the fungus are traditionally grouped into genetically isolated anastomosis groups (ags) based on hyphal anastomosis reactions. this article summarizes aspects related to the infection process, colonization of the host and molecular mechanisms employed by tobacco plants in resistance against r. solani diseases. taxonomy: teleomorph: thanatephorus cucumeris (frank) donk; anam ... | 2010 | 21355993 |
| Comparative analysis of putative pathogenesis-related gene expression in two Rhizoctonia solani pathosystems. | Rhizoctonia solani, teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris, is a polyphagous necrotrophic plant pathogen of the Basidiomycete order that is split into 14 different anastomosis groups (AGs) based on hyphal interactions and host range. In this investigation, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) techniques were used to determine potential pathogenicity factors of R. solani in the AG1-IA/rice and AG3/potato pathosystems. These factors were identified by mining for sequences of pathogen origin in a libra ... | 2011 | 21909999 |