| trichodinid ectoparasites (ciliophora: peritrichida) from the gills of mariculture molluscs in china, with the descriptions of four news species of trichodina ehrenberg, 1838. | four new species of the genus trichodina, found on gills of marine molluscs from aquaculture beds off the coast of qingdao (tsingao), china, are described: t. chlamydis n. sp. from azumapecten (chlamys)farreri (pectinidae), t. sinonovaculae n. sp. from sinonovacula constricta (solenidae), t. liana n. sp. from solen (plectosolen) gracilis (solenidae) and t. meretricis n. sp. from meretrix meretrix (veneridae). the descriptions presented here include morphometric data obtained from examinations of ... | 1999 | 10613541 |
| comparison of volatile components in dried scallops (chlamys farreri and patinopecten yessoensis) prepared by boiling and steaming methods. | comparison of two types of dried scallops, chlamys farreri and patinopecten yessoensis, and effects of preparation methods (boiling and steaming) on the composition of their volatile components were carried out by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction and with analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. one hundred and seventy-two compounds were identified, three tentatively. qualitatively, both scallops had similar components. quantitatively, c. farreri contained more components ... | 2001 | 11170577 |
| survey of the distribution of red tide toxins (okadaic acid and dinophytoxin-1) in the dalian bay sea area of china by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. | two kinds of diarrhoetic shellfish toxins, okadaic acid (oa) and dinophytoxin-1 (dtx-1) were determined by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (mekc) with ultraviolet detection. a detection limit of 3.25 microg/ml for both of them was achieved. the uv absorbance of these toxins measured at 200 nm showed good linearity in the range of 6.25-200 microg/ml with r = 0.992 for oa and 0.997 for dtx-1. three kinds of shellfish (chlamys farreri, mytilus edulis and ruditaps philippinarum) col ... | 2001 | 11669546 |
| protective effects of polypeptide from chlamys farreri on hela cells damaged by ultraviolet a. | to study the protective effect of polypeptide isolated from chlamys farreri (pcf) on hela cells damaged by ultraviolet a (uva) in vitro. | 2002 | 12421479 |
| [a study on the contents of fat and fatty acids in five shellfishes]. | the contents of fat and fatty acids in callista erycina (linnaeus), paphia (paratapes) undulata (born), meretrix meretrix (linnaeus), chlamys farreri (jones et preston) and patinopecten yessoensis (jay) were studied. fat was extracted with bligh & dyer (b&d) method. the lipid classes were transesterified with potassium hydroxide in methanol. fatty acid methyl esters (fames) were assayed with gc-ms and polar capillary column (hp-innowax 30 m x 0.25 mm i.d. x 0.25 micron). gc injector temperature ... | 2001 | 12541656 |
| protective effect of polypeptide from chlamys farreri on mitochondria in human dermal fibroblasts irradiated by ultraviolet b. | to study the effect of polypeptide from chlamys farreri (pcf) on mitochondria of human dermal fibroblasts irradiated by ultraviolet b (uvb) in vitro. | 2003 | 12852837 |
| inhibitory effect of polypeptides from chlamys farreri on uvb-induced apoptosis and dna damage in normal human dermal fibroblasts in vitro. | to investigate the effect of polypeptide from chlamys farreri (pcf) on ultraviolet b (uvb)-induced apoptosis and dna damage in cultured normal human dermal fibroblasts. | 2003 | 14531943 |
| inhibitory effect of polypeptide from chlamys farreri on ultraviolet a-induced oxidative damage on human skin fibroblasts in vitro. | we have previously reported that polypeptide from chlamys farreri (pcf) inhibits the oxidative damage of ultraviolet a (uva) on hela cells in vitro [acta pharm. sin. 23 (2002) 961]. to further elucidate a possible role for pcf on uva-damaged normal human cells, we established the oxidative damage models of normal human dermal fibroblasts (nhdf) exposed to uva to study the protective effect of pcf on human dermal fibroblasts in vitro. in this study, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetraz ... | 2004 | 14726223 |
| polypeptide from chlamys farreri protects hacat cells from uvb-induced apoptosis. | a natural polypeptide from marine chlamys farreri (a kind of scallop) (pcf), has been recently been found to be an effective photoprotective agent against ultraviolet rays b (uvb)-induced mitochondria damage in normal human fibroblasts. to investigate whether pcf has the antiapoptotic effect on human keratinocytes, in the present study, we established an apoptotic model on hacat cell line by means of uvb radiance of 30 mj/cm(2) and compared the effect of different pcf treatments on uvb-radiated ... | 2004 | 15013814 |
| inhibitory effect of polypeptide from chlamys farreri on uva-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes. | polypeptide from chlamys farreri (pcf, mr = 879) is a novel marine active product isolated from gonochoric chinese scallop chlamys farreri which has been served as sea food for several thousand years. as an octapeptide, pcf consists of 8 amino acids, namely, pro, asn, ser, thr, arg, hyl, cys, and gly. pcf had been identified as a marine chemopreventive drug that protected hairless mice's epidermis against uv-induced damage in our previous study. however, the molecular mechanisms that underlie th ... | 2004 | 15292709 |
| chromosomal rearrangement in pectinidae revealed by rrna loci and implications for bivalve evolution. | karyotype and chromosomal localization of major (18-5.8-28s) and minor (5s) ribosomal rna genes were studied in two species of pectinidae, zhikong (chlamys farreri) and bay (argopecten irradians irradians) scallops, using fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). c. farreri had a haploid number of 19 with a karyotype of 3m + 4sm + 7sm-st + 4st + 1st-t, and a. i. irradians had a haploid number of 16 with a karyotype of 5st + 11t. in c. farreri, the major and minor rrna genes had one locus each a ... | 2004 | 15616355 |
| characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to haemocyte types of scallop (chlamys farreri). | four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) (1e7, 1f12, 2h5, 2c6) against haemocytes of scallop (chlamys farreri) were produced by immunising balb/c mice. analysed by the indirect immunofluorescence assay test (iifat), immunocytochemical assay, flow cytometry (fcm) and western-blotting, they showed specificity for more than one haemocyte type (hyalinocyte and granulocyte) and various haemocyte components of scallop. using iifat to detect monolayers separated from gradient density centrifugation, the four ... | 2005 | 15722228 |
| [monoclonal antibodies prepared and used for detection of acute virus necrobiotic disease virus in scallop chlamys farreri by indirect elisa]. | for developing monoclonal antibodies against acute virus necrobiotic disease (avnd) virus, mice of balb/c strain were immunized with avnd virions which were isolated from the infected scallop chlamys farreri. the spleen cells from immunized mice were then fused with ns-1 myeloma cells and the hybridomas were screened by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunofluorescence assay (ifa). finally, 4 stable mabs of igg isotype were obtained. moreover, the combined position of the ... | 2005 | 15847176 |
| monoclonal antibodies developed for detection of an epizootic virus associated with mass mortalities of cultured scallop chlamys farreri. | recently, an enveloped, spherical rna virus was identified as the causative agent of mass mortalities among adult scallop chlamys farreri, which is cultured on the northern coast of china. hybridomas were prepared from mice immunized with highly purified virions. four stable hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (mabs) of igg isotype were obtained after screening by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunofluorescence assay (ifa). the specificity of the mabs to this vir ... | 2005 | 16042039 |
| effects of benzo(k)fluoranthene exposure on the biomarkers of scallop chlamys farreri. | scallops (chlamys ferrari) were cultured for 30 days in seawater containing benzo(k)fluoranthene (bkf) at 0.5, 1.0 and 10.0 microg/l. no effects were noted on 7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activity in digestive gland at low concentrations (0.5 and 1 microg/l) of bkf, but bkf increased the glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activity. at 10 microg/l bkf increased erod activity significantly, and depressed gst activity. superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx ... | 2005 | 16095977 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel c-type lectin from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | c-type lectin is a family of ca2+ dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins which play crucial roles in the innate immunity of invertebrates by mediating the recognition of host cells to pathogens and clearing microinvaders as a pattern recognition protein (prp). the cdna of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri c-type lectin (designated cflec-1) was cloned by expressed sequence tag (est) and race techniques. the full-length cdna of cflec-1 was 1785 bp, consisting of a 5'-terminal untranslated regio ... | 2007 | 16777225 |
| effects of dissolved oxygen on survival and immune responses of scallop (chlamys farreri jones et preston). | this experiment investigated the effects of dissolved oxygen (do) on the survival and immune responses of scallop chlamys farreri. the scallops (initial mean dry weight of soft tissue 1.52+/-0.10 g) were cultivated in the seawater with different do levels (8.5, 6.5, 4.5, and 2.5mg l(-1), respectively) for 21 d. each treatment had triplicate groups of 35 animals. during the experimental period, the scallops were fed with spirulina maxima, and water temperature ranged from 15.2 degrees c to 17.5 d ... | 2007 | 16901718 |
| chromosome rearrangements in pectinidae (bivalvia: pteriomorphia) implied based on chromosomal localization of histone h3 gene in four scallops. | chromosomal structural rearrangement in four scallops, chlamys farreri (n=19), patinopecten yessoensis (n=19), chlamys nobilis (n=16) and argopecten irradians (n=16), was studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization using histone h3 gene probes. the results show that histone h3 gene sites differ strikingly with regard to number, location, and intensity among, or even within these species. for example, two histone h3 gene loci were detected on the metaphase chromosomes of p. yessoensis, while on ... | 2007 | 16909332 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and expression of a serine protease with clip-domain homologue from scallop chlamys farreri. | serine proteases play critical roles in a variety of invertebrate immune defense responses, including hemolymph coagulation, antimicrobial peptide synthesis, and melanization. the first mollusk serine protease with clip-domain (designated cfsp1) cdna was obtained from the scallop chlamys farreri challenged with vibrio anguillarum by randomly sequencing a whole tissue cdna library and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the full-length cdna of the c. farreri serine protease was 1211bp, consi ... | 2007 | 17046285 |
| preliminary study on a potential antibacterial peptide derived from histone h2a in hemocytes of scallop chlamys farreri. | histone h2a is reported to participate in host defense response through producing novel antimicrobial peptides (amps) from its n-terminus in vertebrates and invertebrates, while the amps derived from h2a have not to our knowledge been reported in mollusca. in the present study, gene cloning, mrna expression of h2a from scallop chlamys farreri, and the recombinant expression of its n-terminus were conducted to investigate whether a similar mechanism exists in mollusca. the full-length dna of h2a ... | 2007 | 17049445 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a putative lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-alpha factor (litaf) gene homologue from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | lps-induced tnf-alpha factor (litaf) is a novel transcriptional factor that was first discovered in lps-stimulated human macrophage cell line thp-1. litaf can bind to tnf-alpha promoter to regulate its expression. the first scallop litaf (named as cflitaf) was cloned from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri by expressed sequence tag (est) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques. the cdna of cflitaf was of 1240 bp and consisted of a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 112 bp, a 3' utr of 678 bp an ... | 2007 | 17408970 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a short type peptidoglycan recognition protein (cfpgrp-s1) cdna from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | peptidoglycan recognition protein (pgrp) specifically binds to peptidoglycan and plays a crucial role in the innate immune responses as a pattern recognition receptor (prr). the cdna of a short type pgrp was cloned from scallop chlamys farreri (named cfpgrp-s1) by homology cloning with degenerate primers, and confirmed by virtual northern blots. the full length of cfpgrp-s1 cdna was 1073 bp in length, including a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 59 bp, a 3' utr of 255 bp, and an open reading fram ... | 2007 | 17428682 |
| a novel serine protease with clip domain from scallop chlamys farreri. | the serine proteases with clip domain are involved in various innate immune functions in invertebrate such as antimicrobial activity, cell adhesion, pattern recognition and regulation of the prophenoloxidase system. a serine protease with clip-domain cdna (cf sp) was obtained by expressed sequence taggings (ests) method and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the cf sp full-length cdna was of 1,152 bp, including a 5'-terminal untranslated region (utr) of 63 bp, a 3'-terminal utr of 81 bp wi ... | 2008 | 17484057 |
| inhibition of uva-induced apoptotic signaling pathway by polypeptide from chlamys farreri in human hacat keratinocytes. | chronic uva irradiation has been reported to induce photoaging and photocarcinogenesis. uva is a potent inducer of reactive oxygen species (ros), which can induce various biological processes, including apoptosis. polypeptide from chlamys farreri (pcf) is a novel marine active material isolated from the gonochoric chinese scallop c. farreri. in our previous studies, pcf was found to be an effective antioxidant inhibiting uva-induced ros production and a potential inhibitory agent for uva-induced ... | 2007 | 17487501 |
| the cdna cloning and mrna expression of cytoplasmic cu, zn superoxide dismutase (sod) gene in scallop chlamys farreri. | cu, zn superoxide dismutases (sods) are metalloenzymes that represent one important line of defence against reactive oxygen species (ros). a cytoplasmic cu, zn sod cdna sequence was cloned from scallop chlamys farreri by the homology-based cloning technique. the full-length cdna of scallop cytoplasmic cu, zn sod (designated cfsod) was 1022 bp with a 459 bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 153 amino acids. the predicted amino acid sequence of cfsod shared high identity with cytoplasmi ... | 2007 | 17574438 |
| two novel elements (cfg1 and pyg1) of mag lineage of ty3/gypsy retrotransposons from zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri) and japanese scallop (patinopecten yessoensis). | two novel elements (cfg1 and pyg1) of mag lineage of ty3/gypsy retrotransposons were cloned from zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri) and japanese scallop (patinopecten yessoensis). the total length of the cfg1 element is 4826 bp, including 5'-ltr (192 bp), the entire orf (4047 bp) and 3'-ltr (189 bp). the entire orfs of both cfg1 and pyg1 elements are composed of 1348 aa and do not have any frameshifts. their closest relative is jule element from the poeciliid fish (xiphophorus maculatus). on aver ... | 2008 | 17694394 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a catalase gene from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | catalase is one of the central enzymes involved in scavenging the high level of reactive oxygen species (ros) by degradation of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water. the full-length catalase cdna of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (denoted as cfcat) was identified from hemocytes by expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the nucleotide sequence of cfcat cdna consisted of 3146bp with a 5' utr of 103bp, an unusually long 3' utr of 1519bp with a canonic ... | 2008 | 17768068 |
| a lectin (cflec-2) aggregating staphylococcus haemolyticus from scallop chlamys farreri. | lectins are a family of carbohydrate-recognition proteins which play crucial roles in innate immunity. in this study, a new lectin (cflec-2) gene was cloned from chlamys farreri by est and race approaches. the full-length cdna of cflec-2 was composed of 708bp, encoding a typical long form carbohydrate-recognition domain of 130 residues. the deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity to brevican in homo sapiens, c-type lectin-1 and lectin-2 in anguilla japonica. the cdna fragment encoding ... | 2008 | 18203621 |
| molecular cloning and expression of a novel kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitor gene from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri, and the inhibitory activity of its recombinant domain. | serine proteinase inhibitors (spis) play important roles in host physiological and immunological processes in all multicellular organisms. a novel kazal-type spi gene was cloned from the zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cfkzspi) by expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the full-length cdna of cfkzspi was of 1788 nucleotides with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence aataaa and a polya tail, and an open reading frame (orf) encodin ... | 2008 | 18353679 |
| cdna cloning, characterization and expression analysis of the antioxidant enzyme gene, catalase, of chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis. | catalase is an important antioxidant protein that protects organisms against various oxidative stresses by eliminating hydrogen peroxide. the full-length catalase cdna of chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned from the hepatopancreas using degenerate primers by the method of 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cdna ends pcr. the cdna sequence consists of 1892 bp with a 1560 bp open reading frame, encoding 520 amino acids with high identity to invertebrate, vertebrate and even bacterial ... | 2008 | 18353680 |
| catecholaminergic responses to environmental stress in the hemolymph of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | catecholamines have long been known to play essential roles in several physiological processes in invertebrates. in this study, enzyme immunoassays were used to examine the levels of catecholamines (including adrenaline (ad), noradrenaline (na) and dopamine (da)) in the hemolymph of the scallop, chlamys farreri, in responses to selected environmental stress. these stressors include high temperature (acute transfer from 17 to 28 degrees c), low salinity (acute transfer from salinity 31 to 20 psu) ... | 2008 | 18481269 |
| a novel c1q-domain-containing protein from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri with lipopolysaccharide binding activity. | the c1q-domain-containing (c1qdc) proteins are a family of proteins characterized by a globular c1q (gc1q) domain in their c-terminus. they are involved in various processes of vertebrates and supposed to be an important pattern recognition receptor in innate immunity of invertebrates. in this study, a novel member of c1q-domain-containing protein family was identified from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cfc1qdc) by expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification of cdna end ... | 2008 | 18603000 |
| molecular cloning and analysis of function of nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndpk) from the scallop chlamys farreri. | nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndpk) is a key metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of non-adenine nucleoside triphosphate (ntp) by transferring the terminal phosphate between nucleoside diphosphate (ndp) and ntp. ndpk regulates a variety of eukaryotic cellular activities including cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. the ndpk cdna was cloned from the hemocytes of the scallop chlamys farreri and designated cf-ndpk. the full-length sequence of cf-ndpk consists of 715 bp e ... | 2008 | 18620535 |
| the enhanced immune protection of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri on the secondary encounter with listonella anguillarum. | it is well known that invertebrates are devoid of adaptive immune components and rely primarily on innate immunity to defend against pathogens, but recent studies have demonstrated the existence of enhanced secondary immune protection in some invertebrates. in the present study, the cumulative mortality of scallops received two successive listonella anguillarum stimulations was recorded, and variations of immune parameters including phagocytosis (phagocytic rate and phagocytic index), phenoloxid ... | 2008 | 18652907 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and mrna expression of peroxiredoxin in zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | peroxiredoxin v (prx v) is known as an atypical 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin that protects the organisms against various oxidative stresses and functions in signal transduction. the cdna of a prx v gene (designated as cfprx) was cloned from scallop chlamys farreri. the full-length sequence of cfprx cdna was of 2,179 bp with a 564 bp open reading frame encoding a peptide of 187 amino acids. sequence comparison showed that cfprx shared higher identities with prx vs than that with other isoforms of prx ... | 2009 | 18704754 |
| fine-scale population genetic structure of zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri): do local marine currents drive geographical differentiation? | marine scallops, with extended planktonic larval stages which can potentially disperse over large distances when advected by marine currents, are expected to possess low geographical differentiation. however, the sessile lifestyle as adult tends to form discrete "sea beds" with unique population dynamics and structure. the narrow distribution of zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri), its long planktonic larval stage, and the extremely hydrographic complexity in its distribution range provide an inte ... | 2009 | 18766401 |
| a cyclophilin a inducible expressed in gonad of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | cyclophilin a (cypa), a receptor for the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin a (csa), is a cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (ppiase) which accelerates the cis-trans isomerization of prolyl-peptide bonds, interacts with a variety of proteins and therefore regulates their activities. one cypa (designated cfcypa) cdna was cloned from chlamys farreri by expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) techniques. the full-length cdna of cfcypa consisted of 1,248 nucleotide ... | 2009 | 18819019 |
| variations of enzyme activities in the haemocytes of scallop chlamys farreri after infection with the acute virus necrobiotic virus (avnv). | acute virus necrobiotic virus (avnv) is one of the main pathogens for large scale mortality of chinese scallop chlamys farreri. in this paper, c. farreri were infected by different dilutions of avnv supernatant (5(0), 5(-1), 5(-2), 5(-3), 5(-4), 5(-5), 5(-6), 5(-7), respectively), and dead individuals were counted every day for 15 days. samples from groups of 5(-3) and 5(-5) were taken every day till 15 days and the activities of acid phosphatase (acp), alkaline phosphatase (alp), superoxide dis ... | 2008 | 18930154 |
| the expression of peptidoglycan recognition protein-s1 gene in the scallop chlamys farreri was enhanced after a second challenge by listonella anguillarum. | a more rapid and powerful response against repeated exposure of same pathogen in vertebrates is usually considered as the reflection of immunological memory, but it is not well understood in invertebrates. in the present study, the temporal expression profiles of chlamys farreri peptidoglycan recognition protein-s1 (cfpgrp-s1) gene after two challenges of listonella anguillarum were examined to evaluate priming response in scallops. the up-regulation of cfpgrp-s1 mrna occurred 3h earlier, and th ... | 2009 | 19022261 |
| immune responses, ros generation and the haemocyte damage of scallop chlamys farreri exposed to aroclor 1254. | the toxic effects of aroclor 1254 (0.05, 0.5, 5 and 50 microg l(-1)) on scallop (chlamys farreri) immune system in vivo were studied. the results showed that aroclor 1254 had significant toxic effect on the parameters tested in this paper (p<0.05). the total number of haemocytes, the proportion of granulocytes, phagocytosis in all groups as well as the lysosomal membrane stability (lms) in 5, 50 microg l(-1) and bacteriolytic activity 0.5, 5, 50 microg l(-1) treatments decreased significantly, w ... | 2009 | 19141322 |
| the polymorphism of lysozyme gene in zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri) and its association with susceptibility/resistance to listonella anguillarum. | lysozyme functions as a crucial biodefence effector against the infection of bacterial pathogens in innate immunity. the nucleotide sequence polymorphisms in promoter region of a nuclear goose type lysozyme gene from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cflysg) were investigated to explore their association with susceptibility/resistance to listonella anguillarum infection. eight sites of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and two sites of insert-deletion (ins-del) polymorphisms we ... | 2009 | 19154789 |
| cflec-4, a multidomain c-type lectin involved in immune defense of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | c-type lectins are a superfamily of carbohydrate-recognition proteins which play crucial roles in the innate immunity. in this study, a novel multidomain c-type lectin gene from scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cflec-4) was cloned by race approach based on est analysis. the full-length cdna of cflec-4 was of 2086 bp. the open reading frame was of 1830bp and encoded a polypeptide of 609 amino acids, including a signal sequence and four dissimilar carbohydrate-recognition domains (crds). the ... | 2009 | 19185588 |
| a novel c-type lectin (cflec-3) from chlamys farreri with three carbohydrate-recognition domains. | c-type lectins are a superfamily of carbohydrate-recognition proteins which play crucial roles in the innate immunity. in this study, the gene of a c-type lectin with multiple carbohydrate-recognition domains (crds) from scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cflec-3) was cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approach based on expression sequence tag (est) analysis. the full-length cdna of cflec-3 was of 2256 bp. the open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 516 amino acids, includ ... | 2009 | 19264137 |
| expressed sequence tags from the zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri): discovery and annotation of host-defense genes. | a high-quality cdna library was constructed from whole body tissues of the zhikong scallop, chlamys farreri, challenged by listonella anguillarum. a total of 5720 clones were sequenced, yielding 5123 expressed sequence tags (ests). among the 3326 unique genes identified, 2289 (69%) genes had no significant (e-value < 1e-5) matches to known sequences in public databases and 194 (6%) matched proteins of unknown functions. the remaining 843 (25%) genes that exhibited homology with genes of known fu ... | 2009 | 19328855 |
| identification of a cathepsin d potentially involved in h2a cleavage from scallop chlamys farreri. | we report here a cdna and its deduced amino acid sequence encoding a cathepsin d-like, aspartic protease from chlamys farreri (denoted as cfcd) by expressed sequence tag and rapid amplification of cdna ends techniques. the cdna of cfcd consisted of 1,810 nucleotides with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence aataaa and a polya tail, encoding a short signal peptide of 18 amino acids, a pro-enzyme peptide of 29 amino acid residues, and a mature enzyme of 349 residues. the deduced amino acid ... | 2010 | 19381870 |
| comparative mitogenomic analyses of three scallops (bivalvia: pectinidae) reveal high level variation of genomic organization and a diversity of transfer rna gene sets. | it can be seen from the available mollusk mitogenomes that the family pectinidae exhibits the most variation in genome organization. in this study, comparative mitogenomic analyses were performed for three scallops from the subfamily chlamydinae (pectinidae), with the goal of characterizing the degree of variability of mitogenome organization and other characteristics among species from the same subfamily and exploring their possible evolution route. | 2009 | 19416513 |
| the genomic structure, alternative splicing and immune response of chlamys farreri thioester-containing protein. | cftep is a member of thioester-containing protein (tep) family found in zhikong scallop chlamys farreri and is involved in innate immunity against invading microbes. in the present study, the genomic dna of cftep was cloned and characterized. the genomic dna sequence of cftep consisted of 40 exons and 39 introns spanning 35kb with all exon-intron junction sequences agreeing with the gt/ag consensus. the genomic organization of cftep was similar to human and mouse c3 rather than ciona c3-1 and dr ... | 2009 | 19467260 |
| effect of polypeptide from chlamys farreri on uvb-induced ros/nf-kappab/cox-2 activation and apoptosis in hacat cells. | polypeptide from chlamys farreri (pcf) is a novel marine polypeptide compound isolated from gonochoric chinese scallop chlamys farreri, this study we further investigate the mechanisms of pcf exerting its anti-apoptotic effect. the results indicated that pcf, ros scavenger nac and nf-kappab inhibitor mg132 effectively inhibited uvb-induced hacat cells apoptosis. pcf (2.84mm) showed potential ros scavenging activities in a kinetic process. pcf (1.42-5.69mm) dose-dependently increased the expressi ... | 2009 | 19481953 |
| first molluscan tnfr homologue in zhikong scallop: molecular characterization and expression analysis. | tumor necrosis factor receptors (tnfrs) are a superfamily of proteins characterized by the unique cysteine-rich domain (crd) and their important roles in diverse physiological and pathological events such as inflammation, apoptosis, autoimmunity and organogenesis. the first member of the molluscan tnfr family, designated as cftnfr, was identified from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri by expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the full-length cdna of cf ... | 2009 | 19632334 |
| cytoprotective effect of polypeptide from chlamys farreri on neuroblastoma (sh-sy5y) cells following ho exposure involves scavenging ros and inhibition jnk phosphorylation. | oxidative stress has long been linked to cell death in many neurodegenerative conditions. treatment with antioxidants is a promising approach for slowing disease progression. in this study, we used the neuroblastoma sh-sy5y cells as an in vitro model to first assess the effect of polypeptide from chlamys farreri (pcf), a natural marine antioxidant, on h(2)o(2)-induced neuronal cell death. pre-treatment of sh-sy5y cells with pcf inhibited h(2)o(2)-induced cell death in a concentration-dependent m ... | 2009 | 19682211 |
| the mitochondrial genomes of two scallops, argopecten irradians and chlamys farreri (mollusca: bivalvia): the most highly rearranged gene order in the family pectinidae. | molluscs in general and bivalves in particular, exhibit an extraordinary degree of mitochondrial gene order variation when compared with other metazoans. here, we determined the mitochondrial genomes of two scallops argopecten irradians and chlamys farreri. the complete mitochondrial genome of a. irradians is 16,211 nts in length and the nearly complete mitochondrial genome of c. farreri is 20,789 nts in length. both of the genomes contain 35 genes including 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal ... | 2010 | 20013337 |
| concentrations of cadmium and zinc in seawater of bohai bay and their effects on biomarker responses in the bivalve chlamys farreri. | both in-field chemical investigation and in the laboratory toxic tests were carried out to systematically understand the pollution status of cadmium (cd) and zinc (zn) in bohai bay. samples collected from surface seawater were determined to describe the distributions of cd and zn in bohai bay. the average values in our study of cd and zn were 0.15 microg/l and 19.68 microg/l, respectively. both of them were lower than the first class limit of seawater quality standard in china. in the laboratory ... | 2010 | 20069420 |
| physiological and immune responses of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri to the acute viral necrobiotic virus infection. | the zhikong scallop, chlamys farreri, is one of the most important bivalve mollusks cultured in northern china. however, mass mortality of the cultured c. farreri has posed a serious threat to the maricultural industry in recent years. acute viral necrobiotic virus (avnv) is believed as an important etiological agent causing the scallop mass mortalities. to understand the mechanism behind the avnv associated scallop disease and mortality, we assessed the physiological and immune responses of c. ... | 2010 | 20188840 |
| cflec-5, a pattern recognition receptor in scallop chlamys farreri agglutinating yeast pichia pastoris. | c-type lectins are a superfamily of carbohydrate-recognition proteins which play crucial roles as pattern recognition receptors (prrs) in the innate immunity. in this study, the full-length cdna of a c-type lectin was cloned from scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cflec-5) by expression sequence tag (est) analysis and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approach. the full-length cdna of cflec-5 was of 1412 bp. the open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 153 amino acids, including a s ... | 2010 | 20211738 |
| molecular cloning of daphnia magna catalase and its biomarker potential against oxidative stresses. | catalase (ec 1.11.1.6) is an important antioxidant enzyme that protects aerobic organisms against oxidative damage by degrading hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water. catalase mrnas have been cloned from many species and employed as useful biomarkers of oxidative stress. in the present study, we cloned the cdna from the catalase gene in daphnia magna, analyzed its catalytic properties, and investigated mrna expression patterns after the exposure to known oxidative stressors. the catalase proxima ... | 2010 | 20470898 |
| cdna cloning and mrna expression of a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | the glutathione peroxidases are essential enzymes of the cellular antioxidant defence system. in the present study, the full-length cdna sequence encoding an extracellular glutathione peroxidase (designated cfgpx3) was isolated from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. the complete cdna was of 1194 bp, containing a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 50 bp, a 3' utr of 490 bp and an open reading frame (orf) of 654 bp encoding a polypeptide of 217 amino acids. cfgpx3 possessed all the conserved features ... | 2010 | 20601067 |
| cflgbp, a pattern recognition receptor in chlamys farreri involved in the immune response against various bacteria. | lipopolysaccharide and beta-1, 3-glucan binding protein (lgbp) is a kind of pattern recognition receptor, which can recognize and bind lps and beta-1, 3-glucan, and plays curial roles in the innate immune defense against gram-negative bacteria and fungi. in this study, the functions of lgbp from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri performed in innate immunity were analyzed. firstly, the mrna expression of cflgbp in hemocytes toward three typical pamps stimulation was examined by realtime pcr. it was ... | 2010 | 20659562 |
| peptidoglycan recognition protein of chlamys farreri (cfpgrp-s1) mediates immune defenses against bacterial infection. | peptidoglycan recognition protein (pgrp) is an essential molecule in innate immunity for both invertebrates and vertebrates, owing to its prominent ability in detecting and eliminating the invading bacteria. several pgrps have been identified from mollusk, but their functions and the underlined mechanism are still unclear. in the present study, the mrna expression profiles, location, and possible functions of pgrp-s1 from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (cfpgrp-s1) were analyzed. the cfpgrp-s1 p ... | 2010 | 20713083 |
| a macrophage migration inhibitory factor like gene from scallop chlamys farreri: involvement in immune response and wound healing. | macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) is an evolutionarily ancient and highly conserved cytokine with multiple functions. in the present study, a mif-like gene was cloned from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cfmif) based on expressed sequence tag (est) analysis and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approach. the full-length cdna of cfmif was of 2296bp, consisting of a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 60bp, a 3' utr of 1903bp with a poly(a) tail and an open reading fram ... | 2011 | 20804783 |
| a novel scavenger receptor-cysteine-rich (srcr) domain containing scavenger receptor identified from mollusk mediated pamp recognition and binding. | scavenger receptors (srs) are significant endocytic receptors contributing to constant internal environment. sr-cysteine-rich (srcr) domain-containing sr is the most important class of srs which has been so far reported exclusively in mammals and birds. in the present study, a novel srcr domain-containing sr (cfsr) was firstly identified from scallop chlamys farreri. the full-length cdna of cfsr was of 2639 bp encoding a polypeptide of 804 amino acids with a signal peptide, six srcr domains, a u ... | 2010 | 20888856 |
| cdna cloning and characterization of a new member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family gene from scallop, chlamys farreri. | tumor necrosis factors receptor (tnfr) is a superfamily of proteins derived mainly from vertebrates. it plays significant role in diverse physiological and pathological events such as inflammation, apoptosis, autoimmunity and organogenesis. the gene of a new member of tnfr family, designated as cftnfr2, was cloned and characterized from scallop, chlamys farreri. the full-length cdna of cftnfr2 consisted of 1,501 nucleotides with a poly (a) tail, encoding a polypeptide of 378 amino acids with the ... | 2010 | 21132383 |
| a primitive toll-like receptor signaling pathway in mollusk zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | as a member of pattern-recognition receptors (prrs), the toll-like receptor (tlr) and its signaling pathway play pivotal roles in recognizing various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps), and buildup the front-line against invading pathogens. in the present study, the sequence features and mrna expression profiles of five key genes involved in tlr signal pathway were characterized, and their functions in the immune responses were also investigated in order to validate the tlr signaling ... | 2010 | 21167199 |
| a small hsp gene of bloody clam (tegillarca granosa) involved in the immune response against vibrio parahaemolyticus and lipopolysaccharide. | small heat shock proteins (shsps) associate with nuclei, cytoskeleton and membranes, and as molecular chaperones they bind partially denatured proteins, thereby preventing irreversible protein aggregation during stress. in the present study, the small heat shock proteins of tegillarca granosa (tg-shsp) were identified from hemocytes by 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) pcr. the full-length cdna consisted of 1005 bp with a 594 bp open reading frame encoding 197 amino acids. sequen ... | 2010 | 21172441 |
| c-type lectin in chlamys farreri (cflec-1) mediating immune recognition and opsonization. | c-type lectins are a superfamily of ca(2+) dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins that play significant diverse roles in nonself-recognition and clearance of invaders. though they are well characterized in vertebrates, the study of the potential function and mechanism of c-type lectins in invertebrate immunity is still in its infancy. | 2011 | 21347232 |
| development of a monoclonal antibody specific to granulocytes and its application for variation of granulocytes in scallop chlamys farreri after acute viral necrobiotic virus (avnv) infection. | a monoclonal antibody (mab 6h7) specific to granulocytes of scallop chlamys farreri was produced by immunising mice with separated granulocytes as an antigen. characterised using a flow cytometric immunofluorescence assay, mab 6h7 reacted to granulocytes by 87.1% of total positive haemocytes. at the ultrastructural level, mab 6h7 demonstrated epitope in cytoplasmic granules of granulocytes. western blotting analysis indicated that a peptide of 155 kda was recognised by mab 6h7. it was therefore ... | 2011 | 21419852 |
| a monoamine oxidase from scallop chlamys farreri serving as an immunomodulator in response against bacterial challenge. | monoamine oxidase (mao) is an essential enzyme in the catabolism of monoamines, and implicated in the immune response of vertebrates. in the present study, the full-length cdna encoding monoamine oxidase (designated cfmao) was cloned from chlamys farreri by using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches and expression sequence tag (est) analysis. the open reading frame of cfmao cdna encoded 519 amino acids, which shared 73.9% similarity with that from oyster crassostrea gigas, and 64.5 ... | 2011 | 21420424 |
| a traf and tnf receptor-associated protein (ttrap) in mollusk with endonuclease activity. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf) signaling pathway plays crucial roles in the regulation of various immune responses. in the present study, a tnf signaling pathway related regulatory factor, traf and tnf receptor-associated protein (ttrap), was firstly identified from the mollusk zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cfttrap). the full-length cdna of cfttrap was of 2326bp, containing an open reading frame (orf) of 1008 bp encoding a polypeptide of 335 amino acids with the predicted molecular ... | 2011 | 21440568 |
| a dopa decarboxylase modulating the immune response of scallop chlamys farreri. | dopa decarboxylase (ddc) is a pyridoxal 5-phosphate (plp)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of l-dopa to dopamine, and involved in complex neuroendocrine-immune regulatory network. the function for ddc in the immunomodulation remains unclear in invertebrate. | 2011 | 21533240 |
| cytosolic thioredoxin from ruditapes philippinarum: molecular cloning, characterization, expression and dna protection activity of the recombinant protein. | thioredoxin (trx) is a small redox protein that plays significant roles in protection against oxidative stress and in cell homeostasis by maintaining oxidized proteins in a reduced state. here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a full-length trx cdna sequence from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum and named it as rptrx. the full length sequence consists of 1416bp with an open reading frame of 318bp encoding for 106 amino acids. rptrx protein harbors evolutionarily-conserved tr ... | 2011 | 21740925 |
| scallop phenylalanine hydroxylase implicates in immune response and can be induced by human tnf-+¦ | phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah) is an important metabolic enzyme of aromatic amino acids, which is responsible for the irreversible oxidation of phenylalanine to tyrosine. in the present study, the full-length cdna encoding pah from chlamys farreri (designated cfpah) was cloned by using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches and expression sequence tag (est) analysis. the open reading frame of cfpah encoded a polypeptide of 460 amino acids, and its sequence shared 64.4-74.2% similari ... | 2011 | 21839840 |
| comparative cytogenetics analysis of chlamys farreri, patinopecten yessoensis, and argopecten irradians with ct-1 dna by fluorescence in situ hybridization. | the chromosomes of chlamys farreri, patinopecten yessoensis, and argopecten irradians were studied by fish using c. farreri c(0)t-1 dna probes. the results showed that c(0)t-1 dna signals spread on all chromosomes in the three scallops, whereas signal density and intensity were different strikingly. clustering brighter signals presented in the centromeric and telomeric regions of most c. farreri chromosomes, and in the centromeric or pericentromeric regions of several p. yessoensis chromosomes. ... | 2011 | 21845202 |
| biomarker responses in the bivalve (chlamys farreri) to exposure of the environmentally relevant concentrations of lead, mercury, copper. | water samples collected from bohai bay were determined to describe the distributions of lead, mercury, and copper in this area, indicating that mean values of the three metals were 1.63++g/l, 4.85+ù10(-2)++g/l, and 2.68++g/l, respectively. only lead exceeded the first class limit of seawater quality standard in china. then, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and metabolic enzymes were investigated in bivalves (chlamys farreri), exposed to three metals at the environmental concentration lev ... | 2010 | 21787624 |
| Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily gene, TNF receptor superfamily gene and lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-+¦ factor (LITAF) gene from Litopenaeus vannamei. | In vertebrates, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor (TNFR) system participates in diverse physiological and pathological events, such as inflammation and protective immune responses to microbial infections. There are few reports about the role of the invertebrate TNF-TNFR system in immune responses. Here, we isolated and characterized the TNF superfamily (LvTNFSF) gene, TNFR superfamily (LvTNFRSF) gene and lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-+¦ factor (LvLITAF) gene from Litopenaeus vannamei. Lv ... | 2011 | 21736897 |
| MIF from mussel: Coding sequence, phylogeny, polymorphism, 3D model and regulation of expression. | Three macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-related sequences were identified from a Mytilus galloprovincialis EST library. The consensus sequence included a 5'-UTR of 32 nucleotides, the complete ORF of 345 nucleotides, and a 3'-UTR of 349 nucleotides. As for other MIFs, M. galloprovincialis ORF does not include any signal or C-terminus extensions. The translated sequence of 115 amino acids possesses a molecular mass of 12,681.4, a pI of 6.27 and a stability index of 21.48. Its 3D struct ... | 2011 | 22085783 |
| The modulation of catecholamines to the immune response against bacteria Vibrio anguillarum challenge in scallop Chlamys farreri. | Catecholamines are pivotal signal molecules in the neuroendocrine-immune regulatory network, and implicated in the modulation of immune response. In the present study, the activities of some immune-related enzymes and the concentration of catecholamines were determined in circulating haemolymph of scallops Chlamys farreri after bacteria Vibrio anguillarum challenge. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and lysozyme (LYZ) increased significantly and reached 610 U mg(-1) at ... | 2011 | 21979298 |
| Phenoloxidase in the scallop Chlamys farreri: Purification and antibacterial activity of its reaction products generated in vitro. | Phenoloxidase (PO) was purified from hemocytes of the scallop Chlamys farreri using native-PAGE and gel permeation column chromatography, and then substrate specificity and antibacterial activity generated from reaction products of purified PO were analyzed. The results showed purified PO had a molecular mass of 576 kDa in native-PAGE and 53 kDa in denatured PAGE, and could catalyze the substrates L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), dopamine, catechol and hydroquinone suggesting it is a type ... | 2012 | 22119576 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of challenged zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri): a new insight into the anti-vibrio immune response of marine bivalves. | the current studies on molecular mechanism of bivalves interacting with bacteria are mainly on mrna and recombinant protein levels. these works provide little information on natural proteins, which limit further understandings. in this study, we conducted a pioneer work to promote researches on the anti-vibrio immune response of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri through proteomic techniques. firstly a reference map was constructed for the hepatopancreas of c. farreri. totally 65 protein spots were ... | 2011 | 22019832 |
| a four-crd c-type lectin from chlamys farreri mediating nonself-recognition with broader spectrum and opsonization. | c-type lectins are a superfamily of ca(2+)-dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins consisting of at least one carbohydrate-recognition domain (crd), which participate in nonself-recognition and clearance of invaders. in invertebrate, some multidomain c-type lectins have been identified, but their relative functions and binding mechanism are still meager. in the present study, a c-type lectin (cflec-4) with four crds from chlamys farreri was selected to investigate its possible function in in ... | 2012 | 23276881 |
| the immunomodulation of acetylcholinesterase in zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | acetycholinesterase (ache; ec 3.1.1.7) is an essential hydrolytic enzyme in the cholinergic nervous system, which plays an important role during immunomodulation in vertebrates. though aches have been identified in most invertebrates, the knowledge about immunomodulation function of ache is still quite meagre in invertebrates. | 2012 | 22292052 |
| molecular characterization of rxr (retinoid x receptor) gene isoforms from the bivalve species chlamys farreri. | bivalves are among the oldest classes of invertebrates, and they exhibit diverse types of sexual patterning. however, our current understanding of the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in bivalves remains very limited. the retinoid x receptors (rxrs), which are members of the nuclear receptor family, are involved in sex differentiation in many organisms. | 2013 | 24066133 |
| a scallop nitric oxide synthase (nos) with structure similar to neuronal nos and its involvement in the immune defense. | nitric oxide synthase (nos) is responsible for synthesizing nitric oxide (no) from l-arginine, and involved in multiple physiological functions. however, its immunological role in mollusc was seldom reported. | 2013 | 23922688 |
| identification and characterization of a novel calreticulin involved in the immune response of the zhikong scallop, chlamys farreri. | calreticulin (crt) is a multifunctional calcium-binding chaperone shared among vertebrates and invertebrates. in this study, a novel crt (cfcrt) was identified in the zhikong scallop chlamys farreri by rapid amplification of cdna ends. the full-length cdna was composed of 1345 bp, which included a 1158 bp open reading frame, a 25 bp 5'-untranslated region (utr) and a 162 bp 3'-utr. the predicted molecular mass of cfcrt was 44.8 kda. cfcrt contained three highly conserved domains (n-, p- and c-do ... | 2017 | 28323215 |
| the sequence variation and functional differentiation of crds in a scallop multiple crds containing lectin. | a c-type lectin of multiple crds (cflec-4) from chlamys farreri was selected to investigate the sequence variation and functional differentiation of its crds. its four crds with epd/lsd, epn/fad, epn/lnd and epn/ynd key motifs were recombined separately. the recombinant proteins of crd1 and crd2 (designated as rcrd1 and rcrd2) could bind lps and mannan, while the recombinant proteins of crd3 and crd4 (designated as rcrd3 and rcrd4) could bind lps, pgn, mannan and glucan. moreover, rcrd3 displaye ... | 2017 | 27592049 |
| molecular evidence for the existence of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway in scallops chlamys farreri. | the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that controls the expression of a diverse set of genes. in this study we cloned full-length cdnas encoding an ahr homologue (designated cfahr, accession number: fj588640) from scallop chlamys farreri. the cfahr sequence was constituted by an open reading frame (orf) of 2466bp encoding 821 amino acids. the predicted molecular weight was 93.0kda. the cfahr showed a high conservation of the residues and domains essential ... | 2017 | 26927881 |
| cflec-3 from scallop: an entrance to non-self recognition mechanism of invertebrate c-type lectin. | a c-type lectin (cflec-3) from chlamys farreri with three carbohydrate-recognition domains (crds) was selected to dissect the possible mechanisms of pamp binding and functional differentiation of invertebrate lectins. cflec-3 distributed broadly, and its mrna expression in hemocytes increased significantly after stimulations with lps, pgn or β-glucan, but not poly(i:c). the recombinant cflec-3 (rcflec-3) could bind pamps and several microbes. rcflec-3 mediated hemocytes phagocytosis against esch ... | 2015 | 25975813 |
| characteristics of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 8 and its potential role in gonad of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-hsds) are important enzymes catalyzing steroids biosynthesis and metabolism in vertebrates. although studies indicate steroids play a potential role in reproduction of molluscs, little is known about the presence and function of 17β-hsds in molluscs. in the present study, a full-length cdna encoding 17β-hsd type 8 (17β-hsd8) was identified in the zhikong scallop chlamys farreri, which is 1104bp in length with an open reading frame of 759bp encoding a protei ... | 2014 | 24486454 |
| maternal transfer of immunity in scallop chlamys farreri and its trans-generational immune protection to offspring against bacterial challenge. | maternal immunity plays a crucial role in protecting the offspring at early stages of life and contributes a trans-generational effect on the offspring's phenotype. in the present study, maternal transfer of immunity and its trans-generational effect on offspring in scallop chlamys farreri were investigated. the proteins including cflgbp, cflbp/bpi, cflyz and cfcu/zn-sod existed in the scallop eggs with high level while cflec-3 was not detected. in contrast, the mrna levels of these proteins wer ... | 2013 | 23856157 |
| a c1q domain containing protein from scallop chlamys farreri serving as pattern recognition receptor with heat-aggregated igg binding activity. | the c1q domain containing (c1qdc) proteins refer to a family of all proteins that contain the globular c1q (gc1q) domain, and participate in a series of immune responses depending on their gc1q domains to bind a variety of self and non-self binding ligands. | 2012 | 22905248 |
| association between the polymorphism of cfpgrp-s1 gene and disease susceptibility/resistance of zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri) to listonella anguillarum challenge. | peptidoglycan recognition protein (pgrp) is a pattern recognition receptor, playing important roles in the innate immune response against invasive pathogens. the single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) loci in scallop pgrp gene (cfpgrp) were screened from chlamys farreri to investigate their association with disease resistance of scallop against listonella anguillarum. thirteen snp sites were identified in pgrp domain of cfpgrp, and two of them at positions 4407 and 4408 which are located in the sa ... | 2012 | 22809742 |
| the phenoloxidase activity and antibacterial function of a tyrosinase from scallop chlamys farreri. | tyrosinase (tyr), also known as monophenol monooxygenase, is a ubiquitous binuclear copper-containing enzyme which catalyzes the hydroxylation of phenols to catechols and the oxidation of catechols to quinones. in the present study, the cdna of a tyrosinase (cftyr) was identified from scallop chlamys farreri, which encoded a polypeptide of 486 amino acids. the cftyr mrna transcripts were expressed in all the tested tissues, including haemocytes, adductor muscle, kidney, hepatopancreas, gill, gon ... | 2012 | 22659617 |
| the arginine kinase in zhikong scallop chlamys farreri is involved in immunomodulation. | arginine kinase (ak) catalyzes the reversible phosphorylation of l-arginine to form phosphoarginine, and plays a critical role in energy metabolism in invertebrates. in the present study, a scallop ak gene was identified from chlamys farreri with an open reading frame (orf) of 1101bp encoding for a protein of 366 amino acids (designed as cfak). an atp-gua ptransn domain which was described as a guanidine substrate specificity domain (gs domain) and an atp-gua ptrans domian which was responsible ... | 2012 | 22480717 |
| a novel cold-regulated cold shock domain containing protein from scallop chlamys farreri with nucleic acid-binding activity. | the cold shock domain (csd) containing proteins (csdps) are one group of the evolutionarily conserved nucleic acid-binding proteins widely distributed in bacteria, plants, animals, and involved in various cellular processes, including adaptation to low temperature, cellular growth, nutrient stress and stationary phase. | 2012 | 22359656 |
| the response of mrna expression upon secondary challenge with vibrio anguillarum suggests the involvement of c-lectins in the immune priming of scallop chlamys farreri. | the enhanced immunity against a second encounter with the particular pathogen has suggested the presence of "immune priming" in scallop. in the present study, the survival rate and expression patterns of five c-lectin isoforms from scallop chlamys farreri were explored after "vaccination" of heat-killed vibrio anguillarum or successively challenge with v. anguillarum and micrococcus luteus. when scallops were challenged with live bacteria, the survival rate increased significantly only in the gr ... | 2013 | 23434464 |
| emerging and endemic types of ostreid herpesvirus 1 were detected in bivalves in china. | viral infection caused by ostreid herpesvirus 1 (oshv-1) is one of the proximate causes of mass mortalities of cultivated bivalves around the world. the emergence and spread of different variants of oshv-1 accompanied by different epidemiological characteristics have been reported frequently in different countries around the world. in this paper, we present a study of the detection of oshv-1 dna and their variations from 1599 samples over 18 species collected in 27 aquaculture sites and two food ... | 2015 | 25483846 |
| complete genome sequence of acute viral necrosis virus associated with massive mortality outbreaks in the chinese scallop, chlamys farreri. | acute viral necrosis virus (avnv) is the causative agent of a serious disease resulting in high mortality in cultured chinese scallops, chlamys farreri. we have sequenced and analyzed the complete genome of avnv. | 2013 | 23566284 |
| identification of interacting proteins with aryl hydrocarbon receptor in scallop chlamys farreri by yeast two hybrid screening. | the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr) belongs to the basic-helix-loop helix (bhlh) per-arnt-sim (pas) family of transcription factors. ahr has been known primarily for its role in the regulation of several drug and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, as well as the mediation of the toxicity of certain xenobiotics, including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd). although the ahr is well-studied as a mediator of the toxicity of certain xenobiotics in marine bivalves, the normal physiological func ... | 2016 | 27497785 |
| molecular characterization and immune response expression of the qm gene from the scallop chlamys farreri. | the scallop chlamys farreri is an important aquaculture species in northern china. however, the sustainable development of the scallop industry is currently threatened by several pathogens that cause mass mortality of this mollusk. therefore, a complete understanding of the immune response mechanisms involved in host-virus interactions is necessary. this study reports a novel qm gene from c. farreri. this gene was first identified as a putative tumor suppressor gene from human and then confirmed ... | 2015 | 25982398 |
| identification and functional characterization of two bcl-2 family protein genes in zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | apoptosis plays significant roles in maintenance of homeostasis, immune defense and development. the bcl-2 family proteins are important regulators of the intrinsic apoptosis. in the study, we have characterized a bcl-2-like gene (named cfbcl-2) and a bax-like gene (named cfbax) from the zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. the full-length of the cfbcl-2 cdna is 944 nucleotides (nt) encoding a putative protein of 225 amino acid residues (aa) that contains four bcl-2 homology (bh) domains, and the cf ... | 2015 | 25700786 |
| identification and characterization of a ferritin gene involved in the immune defense response of scallop chlamys farreri. | scallop chlamys farreri is an important aquaculture species in northern china. however, its mass mortality caused by several pathogens can result in great economic loss and negative impacts to the sustainable development of the scallop industry. thus, improving the overall understanding of immune response mechanisms involved in host-pathogen interactions is necessary. ferritins are conserved molecules in organisms that are involved in diverse biological processes, such as mediating host-pathogen ... | 2016 | 27134078 |
| a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (lrp)-like molecule identified from chlamys farreri participated in immune response against bacterial infection. | low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (lrp) is a group of important endocytic receptors contributing to binding ligands and maintaining internal environment. in the present study, an lrp-like molecule was identified from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (cflpr), and its mrna expression profiles, tissue location, and immunology activities were analyzed to explore its possible function in the innate immune system. the orf of cflrp was of 1971 bp encoding a polypeptide of 656 amino acids ... | 2014 | 24345370 |