| properties of a new picorna-like virus of the brown-winged green bug, plautia stali | a picorna-like virus was isolated from the brown-winged green bug, plautia stali. the virus was named plautia stali intestine virus (psiv) based on the multiplication site of the virus in the infected insects. psiv is a spherical particle with a diameter of 30 nm. particles of psiv were found to contain a 9.1-kb single-stranded rna. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified psiv particles revealed three major (33, 30, 26 kda), one medium (35 kda), and one minor (4.5 kda) structural proteins ... | 1998 | 9500944 |
| characterizing igr ires-mediated translation initiation for use in yeast cell-free protein synthesis. | eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesis (cfps) systems are limited, in part, by inefficient translation initiation. here, we report three internal ribosome entry site (ires) sequences from the dicistroviridae family that are highly active in yeast cfps. these include the intergenic region (igr) ires from cricket paralysis virus (crpv), plautia stali intestine virus (psiv) and solenopsis invicta virus 1 (sinv1). optimization of combined transcription and translation (tx/tl) cfps reactions primed w ... | 2014 | 25017988 |
| tissue-specific expression and silencing phenotypes of mitochondrial phosphate carrier paralogues in several insect species. | the mitochondrial phosphate carrier gene (pic) encodes a membrane protein that mediates the supply of inorganic phosphate from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix. this substrate-specific transport system plays an important role in efficient atp synthesis. mammals appear to have only one pic with two alternative splicing variants whose functional differences remain unclear. the present study is the first to characterize the multiple genes that encode pic in insects. bombyx mori was found t ... | 2017 | 28224717 |
| expression of genes derived from the genomic dna fragments of the brown-winged green bug (plautia stali) symbiont in escherichia coli. | many insect species harbour symbiotic microorganisms (symbionts) that are generally unculturable in media. to utilize symbionts as genome resources, we examined whether insect symbiont genes can be expressed in escherichia coli. 144 plasmid clones were isolated from gene libraries, which were constructed from the genomic dna of the intestinal bacterial symbiont in the brown-winged green bug, plautia stali, using an e. coli system. proteins prepared from a culture of each clone were analysed usin ... | 2013 | 23613025 |
| construction of an expressible bac library of the unculturable insect microorganism, stink bug plautia stali symbiont, for the search of biologically active and useful symbiont products. | while gene products and metabolites of insect symbiotic bacteria may act as useful resources for insect-microbe studies and medicinal use, it is usually difficult to obtain the insect symbionts to some extent in quantity because most of them are unculturable. in this study, the possibility of using bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries as a heterologous gene expression tool for the discovery of novel symbiont metabolites was evaluated. a bac library was constructed from the symbiont pu ... | 2014 | 24694601 |
| symbiont of the stink bug plautia stali synthesizes rough-type lipopolysaccharide. | the structures and biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (lps), a major component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, have been studied extensively in cultured bacteria such as escherichia coli. in contrast, little is known about the structures and biosynthesis of the lps of unculturable bacteria, including insect symbionts, many of which are gram-negative bacteria. a brown-winged green bug, plautia stali, is known to harbor a single species of gamma-proteobacterium in the posterior mi ... | 2011 | 21470838 |
| identification of the 3c-protease-mediated 2a/2b and 2b/2c cleavage sites in the nonstructural polyprotein precursor of a dicistrovirus lacking the npgp motif. | dicistroviruses have motifs for picornavirus 2c, 3c, and 3d proteins in their nonstructural polyprotein c-terminal region. the proteins from the nonstructural, n-terminal region of the polyprotein remain to be characterized. we have identified 3c-mediated cleavage sites in the n-terminal region of the nonstructural polyprotein of the dicistrovirus plautia stali intestine virus (psiv). the 2b/2c cleavage site mapped to amino acids (aa) 408-409 (qd). 2b/2c cleavage sites were suggested to be conse ... | 2010 | 20549262 |
| pheromone attraction and cross-attraction of nezara, acrosternum, and euschistus spp. stink bugs (heteroptera: pentatomidae) in the field. | detecting infestations of stink bugs (heteroptera: pentatomidae) using pheromones remains problematic, particularly so in the united states for the exotic stink bug, nezara viridula l., and our native stink bug, acrosternum hilare (say). therefore, we conducted a 2-yr on-farm study to examine the attractiveness and possible cross-attraction of the reported pheromones for n. viridula and a. hilare and those previously discovered for euschistus servus (say) and plautia stali scott to n. viridula, ... | 2010 | 20388294 |
| mechanistic role of structurally dynamic regions in dicistroviridae igr iress. | dicistroviridae intergenic region (igr) internal ribosome entry site(s) (ires) rnas drive a cap-independent pathway of translation initiation, recruiting both small and large ribosomal subunits to viral rna without the use of any canonical translation initiation factors. this ability is conferred by the folded three-dimensional structure of the ires rna, which has been solved by x-ray crystallography. here, we report the chemical probing of plautia stali intestine virus igr ires in the unbound f ... | 2010 | 19878683 |
| molecular analysis of capsid protein of homalodisca coagulata virus-1, a new leafhopper-infecting virus from the glassy-winged sharpshooter, homalodisca coagulata. | a new virus that infects and causes increased mortality in leafhoppers was isolated from the glassy-winged sharpshooter, homalodisca coagulata (say) (hemiptera: cicadellidae). the virus, named homalodisca coagulata virus -1, hocv-1, was associated with increased mortality of cultured 5(th) instar h. coagulata. to identify the presence of h. coagulata viral pathogens, cdna expression libraries were made from adult and nymphs. analysis using reverse transcriptase pcr demonstrated that the virus wa ... | 2006 | 19537993 |
| cleavage sites of the "p3 region" in the nonstructural polyprotein precursor of a dicistrovirus. | plautia stali intestine virus (psiv) is a member of the family dicistroviridae. dicistroviruses, like picornaviruses, are thought to encode a 3c-like protease; however, the cleavage sites of dicistroviral nonstructural polyprotein precursors are unknown except for those in genome-linked virus protein (vpg) regions. we expressed part of the psiv polyprotein in escherichia coli and detected autoprocessed viral proteins. n-terminal sequence analysis of the autoprocessed proteins showed that q/gwlsw ... | 2008 | 18810573 |
| measles virus n protein inhibits host translation by binding to eif3-p40. | the nonsegmented, negative-sense rna genome of measles virus (mv) is encapsidated by the virus-encoded nucleocapsid protein (n). in this study, we searched for n-binding cellular proteins by using mv-n as bait and screening the human t-cell cdna library by yeast two-hybrid assay and isolated the p40 subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eif3-p40) as a binding partner. the interaction between mv-n and eif3-p40 in mammalian cells was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. since eif3-p40 is a tra ... | 2007 | 17686838 |
| methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates attract stink bugs and tachinid parasitoids. | halyomorpha halys (stål) (pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (bmsb), is a newly invasive species in the eastern usa that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in allentown, pa. in its native range, the bmsb is reportedly attracted to methyl (e,e,z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern asia, plautia stali scott. in north america, thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatri ... | 2007 | 17334917 |
| binding mode of the first aminoacyl-trna in translation initiation mediated by plautia stali intestine virus internal ribosome entry site. | eukaryotic ribosomes directly bind to the intergenic region-internal ribosome entry site (igr-ires) of plautia stali intestine virus (psiv) and initiate translation without either initiation factors or initiator met-trna. we have investigated the mode of binding of the first aminoacyl-trna in translation initiation mediated by the igr-ires. binding ability of aminoacyl-trna to the first codon within the igr-ires/80 s ribosome complex was very low in the presence of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 ... | 2007 | 17209036 |
| characterization of the 5' internal ribosome entry site of plautia stali intestine virus. | the rna genome of plautia stali intestine virus (psiv; cripavirus, dicistroviridae) contains two open reading frames, the first of which is preceded by a 570 nt untranslated region (5' utr). the 5' utr was confirmed to be an internal ribosome entry site (ires) using an insect cell lysate translation system: translation of a second cistron increased 14-fold in the presence of the 5' utr and a cap analogue did not inhibit translation of the second cistron. deletion analysis showed that 349 bases c ... | 2006 | 17098985 |
| multiple coding sequences for the genome-linked virus protein (vpg) in dicistroviruses. | n-terminal edman sequencing of the genome-linked viral protein (vpg) of plautia stali intestine virus (psiv, dicistroviridae) detected heterologus residues. the vpg sequence determined was found to be triplicated in the nonstructural protein precursor. multiple vpg-like sequences were also found in 10 of the 12 dicistroviruses with a maximum of six copies in solenopsis invicta virus-1. we postulate that redundant vpg coding sequences facilitate multiplication of dicistroviruses, because fewer cy ... | 2006 | 16707137 |
| reconstitution of eukaryotic translation elongation in vitro following initiation by internal ribosomal entry. | the ability to reconstitute different stages of eukaryotic translation process in vitro is a prerequisite for detailed biochemical analysis of their mechanisms. reconstitution of elongation and subsequent processes such as termination and recycling on natural mrnas translated by the cap-dependent mechanism is very complicated, and has not so far been done because of the necessity to first reconstitute the process of translation initiation, which is the most complex stage of eukaryotic translatio ... | 2005 | 16076452 |
| conditional rather than absolute requirements of the capsid coding sequence for initiation of methionine-independent translation in plautia stali intestine virus. | the positive-stranded rna genome of plautia stali intestine virus (psiv) has an internal ribosome entry site (ires) in an intergenic region (igr). the igr-ires of psiv initiates translation of the capsid protein by using caa, the codon for glutamine. it was previously reported (j. sasaki and n. nakashima, j. virol. 73:1219-1226, 1999) that igr-ires extended by several nucleotides into the capsid open reading frame (orf). despite the fact that the secondary structure model of the igr-ires is high ... | 2003 | 14581537 |
| structural elements in the internal ribosome entry site of plautia stali intestine virus responsible for binding with ribosomes. | plautia stali intestine virus (psiv) has an internal ribosome entry site (ires) at the intergenic region of the genome. the psiv ires initiates translation with glutamine rather than the universal methionine. to analyze the mechanism of ires-mediated initiation, binding of ires rna to salt-washed ribosomes in the absence of translation factors was studied. among the three pseudoknots (pks i, ii and iii) within the ires, pk iii was the most important for ribosome binding. chemical footprint analy ... | 2003 | 12711689 |
| nucleotide sequence of 3'-end of the genome of taura syndrome virus of shrimp suggests that it is related to insect picornaviruses. | taura syndrome disease, caused by taura syndrome virus (tsv), is one of the most important viral diseases of penaeid shrimp in the western hemisphere resulting in catastrophic disease epidemics in farmed shrimp. we have cloned and sequenced a 3278 bp cdna representing the 3' end of the tsv genome. sequence analyses revealed that frame + 2 had the longest open reading (orf) frame. this frame contained a 5'-terminal 19 non-coding bases followed by an orf from nucleotides 20 to 3053 (encoding 1011 ... | 2001 | 11448031 |
| analysis of the complete genome sequence of acute bee paralysis virus shows that it belongs to the novel group of insect-infecting rna viruses. | the complete genome sequence of acute bee paralysis virus (abpv) was determined. the 9470 nucleotide, polyadenylated rna genome encoded two open reading frames (orf1 and orf2), which were separated by 184 nucleotides. the deduced amino acid sequence of the 5' orf1 (nucleotides 605 to 6325) showed significant similarity to the rna-dependent rna polymerase, helicase, and protease domains of viruses from the picornavirus, comovirus, calicivirus, and sequivirus families, as well as to a novel group ... | 2000 | 11080493 |
| analysis of the complete genome sequence of black queen-cell virus, a picorna-like virus of honey bees. | a virus with picorna-like biophysical properties was isolated from south african honey bees. on the basis of serology, it was identified as an isolate of black queen-cell virus (bqcv). nucleotide sequence analysis revealed an 8550 nt polyadenylated genome containing two large orfs. the 5'-proximal orf (orf 1) represented 4968 nt while the 3'-proximal orf (orf 2) represented 2562 nt. the orfs were separated by a 208 nt intergenic region and were flanked by a 657 nt 5'-untranslated region and a 15 ... | 2000 | 10900051 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of triatoma virus shows that it is a member of a novel group of insect rna viruses. | triatoma virus (trv) is the only virus described to date that infects triatomines, and has previously been considered to be a member of the family picornaviridae on the basis of physico-chemical properties. the genome of trv was sequenced completely (9010 nt). analysis of the sequence revealed the presence of two large open reading frames (orfs). the predicted amino acid sequence of orf1 (nt 549-5936) showed significant similarity to the non-structural proteins of several animal and plant rna vi ... | 2000 | 10725445 |
| methionine-independent initiation of translation in the capsid protein of an insect rna virus. | protein synthesis is believed to be initiated with the amino acid methionine because the aug translation initiation codon of mrnas is recognized by the anticodon of initiator methionine transfer rna. a group of positive-stranded rna viruses of insects, however, lacks an aug translation initiation codon for their capsid protein gene, which is located at the downstream part of the genome. the capsid protein of one of these viruses, plautia stali intestine virus, is synthesized by internal ribosome ... | 2000 | 10660678 |
| translation initiation at the cuu codon is mediated by the internal ribosome entry site of an insect picorna-like virus in vitro. | aug-unrelated translation initiation was found in an insect picorna-like virus, plautia stali intestine virus (psiv). the positive-strand rna genome of the virus contains two nonoverlapping open reading frames (orfs). the capsid protein gene is located in the 3'-proximal orf and lacks an aug initiation codon. we examined the translation mechanism and the initiation codon of the capsid protein gene by using various dicistronic and monocistronic rnas in vitro. the capsid protein gene was translate ... | 1999 | 9882324 |
| an insect picorna-like virus, plautia stali intestine virus, has genes of capsid proteins in the 3' part of the genome. | the complete genome of an insect picorna-like virus, plautia stali intestine virus (psiv), was cloned and sequenced. the genome had 8797 nucleotides including two consecutive long open reading frames. the deduced amino acid sequence of the first open reading frame (nucleotides 571 to 6003) contained conserved sequence motifs for picornavirus rna helicase, cysteine protease, and rna-dependent rna polymerase. the order of the three motifs in the genome was the same as those of mammalian picornavir ... | 1998 | 9581777 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis shows that rhopalosiphum padi virus is a member of a novel group of insect-infecting rna viruses. | rhopalosiphum padi virus (rhpv) is an aphid virus that has been considered a member of the picornaviridae based on physicochemical properties. the 10,011-nt polyadenylated rna genome of rhpv was completely sequenced. analysis of the sequence revealed the presence of two open reading frames (orfs). the predicted amino acid sequence of orf1, representing the first 6600 nt of the rhpv genome, showed significant similarity to the nonstructural proteins of several plant and animal rna viruses. direct ... | 1998 | 9527915 |
| artificial off-riboswitches that downregulate internal ribosome entry without hybridization switches in a eukaryotic cell-free translation system. | we constructed novel artificial riboswitches that function in a eukaryotic translation system (wheat germ extract), by rationally implanting an in vitro-selected aptamer into the intergenic internal ribosome entry site (ires) of plautia stali intestine virus. these eukaryotic off-riboswitches (off-erss) ligand-dose-dependently downregulate ires-mediated translation without hybridization switches, which typical riboswitches utilize for gene regulation. the hybridization-switch-free mechanism not ... | 2017 | 28613837 |
| sticky traps baited with synthetic aggregation pheromone predict fruit orchard infestations of plautia stali (hemiptera: pentatomidae). | the brown-winged green bug, plautia stali scott, mainly reproduces on japanese cedar or cypress cones in japanese plantation forests during summer and autumn. it often depletes its food sources in forest habitats and moves to cultivated crops in large numbers. to establish an easy method for assessing the risk of fruit orchard infestation by p. stali, we conducted a 3-yr field survey that monitored the attraction of bugs to the synthetic p. stali aggregation pheromone using a sticky trap. we use ... | 2015 | 26453725 |
| biological activities of juvenile hormone iii skipped bisepoxide in last instar nymphs and adults of a stink bug, plautia stali. | juvenile hormone iii skipped bisepoxide (jhsb(3)), methyl (2r,3s,10r)-2,3;10,11-bisepoxyfarnesoate was recently determined as a novel juvenile hormone (jh) in a stink bug, plautia stali. to further confirm the biological function of jhsb(3) in this insect, its juvenilizing, reproduction-stimulating and diapause-terminating activities and the presence in the hemolymph were examined. topical application of jhsb(3) to last instar nymphs inhibited their metamorphosis in a dose-dependent fashion. in ... | 2011 | 20969871 |
| field trapping of the invasive brown marmorated stink bug, halyomorpha halys, with geometric isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate. | the brown marmorated stink bug, halyomorpha halys (stål), is a polyphagous pest indigenous to northeastern asia where it damages various trees, vegetables, and leguminous crops. the bug was recently introduced into the u.s. and could potentially become a pest. in its native range, h. halys was reportedly attracted to the aggregation pheromone of the brown-winged green bug, plautia stali, methyl (2 e,4 e,6 z)-decatrienoate. we also observed that traps baited with this compound are attractive to h ... | 2008 | 18069789 |
| oosorption in the stink bug, plautia crossota stali: induction and vitellogenin dynamics. | oosorption, resorption of developing oocytes in the ovary, in p. c. stali is characterized by changes in appearance of oocytes from opaque greyish green or orange to transparent, degeneration of yolk granules and disappearance of oocyte contents. starvation and virginity were indicated to be factors that induce oosorption. sds page/western blotting analysis using anti-vitellogenin antiserum detected two major and many minor bands in haemolymph samples. egg extracts showed a more complicated set ... | 2003 | 12770003 |
| female-specific specialization of a posterior end region of the midgut symbiotic organ in plautia splendens and allied stinkbugs. | many stinkbugs (insecta: hemiptera: heteroptera) are associated with bacterial symbionts in a posterior region of the midgut. in these stinkbugs, adult females excrete symbiont-containing materials from the anus for transmission of the beneficial symbionts to their offspring. for ensuring the vertical symbiont transmission, a variety of female-specific elaborate traits at the cellular, morphological, developmental, and behavioral levels have been reported from diverse stinkbugs of the families p ... | 2015 | 25636847 |
| identification of allatostatins in the brown-winged green bug plautia stali. | juvenile hormone (jh) biosynthesis is inhibited under short-day conditions in the brown-winged green bug plautia stali. we investigated allatostatic molecules in the brain of p. stali. methanol brain extracts strongly inhibited jh biosynthesis. the allatostatic activities of the brain extracts were heat stable but gently suppressed by trypsin treatment, indicating that the allatostatic molecules were peptides. grybi-mip1, found in gryllus bimaculatus as an allatostatic molecule, inhibited jh bio ... | 2017 | 27751887 |
| obligate bacterial mutualists evolving from environmental bacteria in natural insect populations. | diverse organisms are associated with obligate microbial mutualists. how such essential symbionts have originated from free-living ancestors is of evolutionary interest. here we report that, in natural populations of the stinkbug plautia stali, obligate bacterial mutualists are evolving from environmental bacteria. of six distinct bacterial lineages associated with insect populations, two are uncultivable with reduced genomes, four are cultivable with non-reduced genomes, one uncultivable symbio ... | 2016 | 27571756 |
| role of the brain in photoperiodic regulation of juvenile hormone biosynthesis in the brown-winged green bug plautia stali. | we investigated the roles of the brain in photoperiodic regulation of juvenile hormone (jh) biosynthesis in plautia stali (heteroptera: pentatomidae). within 4days after transferring the adults from short-day to long-day conditions, the biosynthesis of juvenile hormone iii skipped bisepoxide became higher than that under short-day conditions. when the corpus cardiacum-corpus allatum complex (cc-ca) was coincubated with different regions of the brain, jh biosynthetic activities were inhibited by ... | 2013 | 23376764 |
| a simple and rapid method for cloning insect vitellogenin cdnas. | we describe a simple and rapid method for cloning insect vitellogenin (vg) cdnas. the method relies on the facts that insect vg amino acid sequences can be aligned confidently along their entire lengths and that a short, highly conserved gl/icg motif and up to nine cysteine residues that follow at conserved locations are present near the c-termini. an adaptor-ligated double-strand cdna library is constructed from poly(a)+ rna prepared from vitellogenic female fat body tissues using a commercial ... | 2000 | 10732986 |